Precalculus
Quarter 2 – Module 1
Introduction to Trigonometry
Written by:
CLAIRE ANGELIE G. OSORIO, MA
These Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) were designed and written with you in mind to
help you master the Circular Functions. The scope of this learning material focuses on the
many different learning situations. Moreover, the language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of learners. The lessons are also arranged following the standard sequence
of the course. Hence, the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with
the textbook you are now using.
The LAS contain:
Lesson 1: Circular Functions
After going through this LAS, you are expected to:
1. Illustrate the unit circle and the relationship between linear and angular
measures of central angle in a unit circle.
2. Convert degree measure to radian measure and vice versa.
3. Illustrate angles in standard position and coterminal angles.
Introduction to Trigonometry
Definition: An angle is formed by rotating a ray about its endpoint.
Two types of angle measurement: (1) Degree (2) Radian
DEGREE
1
A central angle of a circle measures one-degree, written 1°, if it intercepts 360
of the circumference of the circle.
1
One minute, written 1' is 60 of one-degree.
1
One second, written 1' ' is 60 of one minute.
Example 1: Convert 5.135° to degree, minute and second.
Example 2: Convert 30° 25' 55'' to degree only.
RADIAN
A central angle of a unit circle that intercepts an arc of
the circle with length 1 unknit is said to have a measure
of one-radian, writer 1 rad.
Example: Convert the following degree measures to radian measure.
Example: Convert the following radian measures to degree measure.
COTERMINAL ANGLES
Two angles in standard position that have a common terminal side are called
coterminal angles.
Two angles are coterminal if and only if their degree measures differ by 360� ,
where � ∈ ℤ.
Similarly, two angles are coterminal if and only if their radian measures differ by
2��, where � ∈ ℤ.
EXAMPLE: Determine the positive and negative coterminal angles within 1
revolution.
ARC LENGTH
In a circle of radius � , the length � of an arc intercepted by a
central angle with measure � radians is given by � = ��.
Note: Make sure that your angle is in radian measure!
Example: Find the length of an arc with radius 10m that subtends a central angle of
30 degrees.
Example: A central angle in a circle of radius 4m is subtended by an arc of length
6m. Find the measure of � in radians.
AREA OF A SECTOR
In a circle of radius r, the area A of a sector with a central
�
angle measuring θ radians is � = � �� � .
Example: Find the area of a sector of a circle with central angle 60 degrees if the
radius of the circle is 3m.
Example: A sprinkler on a golf course fairway is set to spray water over 70 feet and
rotates through an angle of 120 degrees. Find the area of the fairway watered by the
sprinkler.
Direction: Do not write anything in the module. Answer sheet is provided for your
answers!
C. Convert the following angles from degree to radian and radian to degree.
D. PROBLEM SOLVING. Show your complete solution.
1. What is the length of an arc of a circle with radius 4cm that subtends a central
angle of 216°?
2. What is the smallest positive co-terminal angle with 2110°?
3. What is the radius of a circle in which a central angle of 150° determines a sector
area of 15 ��2 ?
