1.
Logical Functions
Function Description Example
IF Performs logical test. =IF(A1>50, "Pass", "Fail")
AND Returns TRUE if all conditions met. =AND(A1>50, B1<100) → TRUE
OR Returns TRUE if any condition met. =OR(A1>50, B1<100) → TRUE
2. Lookup & Reference Functions
Function Description Example
VLOOKUP Searches vertically in a range. =VLOOKUP(101, A2:D10, 2, FALSE)
HLOOKUP Searches horizontally in a range. =HLOOKUP("Name", A1:D5, 2, FALSE)
INDEX Returns a value based on row/column. =INDEX(A1:C10, 3, 2)
MATCH Returns the position of a value. =MATCH(50, A1:A10, 0)
XLOOKUP Searches vertically or horizontally. =XLOOKUP(101, A2:A10, B2:B10)
3. Text Functions
Function Description Example
CONCATENATE Combines text. =CONCATENATE(A1, " ", B1)
TEXT Formats numbers as text. =TEXT(A1, "MM/DD/YYYY")
LEFT, RIGHT, MID Extracts parts of text. =LEFT(A1, 3)
4. Financial Functions
Function Description Example
PMT Calculates loan payment. =PMT(5%/12, 60, -10000)
NPV Calculates Net Present Value. =NPV(10%, A1:A5)
IRR Calculates Internal Rate of Return. =IRR(A1:A10)
5. Data Analysis Functions
Function Description Example
SUMIF Adds values with criteria. =SUMIF(A1:A10, ">50", B1:B10)
COUNTIF Counts cells matching criteria. =COUNTIF(A1:A10, "Pass")
AVERAGEIF Averages values matching criteria. =AVERAGEIF(A1:A10, ">50")
6. Statistical Functions
Function Description Example
AVERAGE Finds the mean. =AVERAGE(A1:A10)
MEDIAN Finds the median. =MEDIAN(A1:A10)
STDEV.P Calculates standard deviation. =STDEV.P(A1:A10)