Pharmacology Cheat Sheet RIGHTS OF MED ADMIN ROUTES Right Medication ‘Mouth: Oral "PO” Right Patient Sublingual: Under Tongue Right Dose a Right Route aes Right Time Buccal: Bebwaen Cheek and Gum Right Documentation Transdermal: Skin "Topical” NCLEX TIP: Always have a Otic: eta & back, 53 second nurse verify the dosage of a HICKOP med ee IM= Intramuscular 90" angle H:Heparin —Ilngulin.— G:Ghema SQ = Subrutonsaus 45" angle : ; P:Pediatric) IV= Intravenous 25° angle K:Potaseium O: um Or Opioids ta ID = Intradermal (0-18 angle BASICS Generic Name: The one official name assigned by US. Ex: Ibuprofen Trade Name: "Brand Name" are the many names assigned by companies that manufacture them. Ex: Advil or Motrin Therapeutic Class: What is being treated by drug. Pharmacologic Class: Describes how drug acts. TOXIC DRUG LEVELS: >2_ >2_ >20 >20 >20 >250 >250 ANTIDOTES & RECEPTORS: Acetaminophen = Acetyicysteine Beta Blockers = Insulin= Glucose si gon Magnesium Aspirin = Sodium Digoxin = Digoxin Sulfate = caiclum Bicarbonate Immune Fab Gluconate Benzodiazepines = Heparin = Methanol = Flumazenil Protamine S1 Ethanol w Opiates = Naloxone Bicarbonate tarin = K306'* 560": <5 % SOS) Medical Surgical Cheat Sheet BEAUTIFUL NURSING LLC IM: Intramuscular 90° Nasal Cannula: 1-6 L/Min Flow Rate BP: 120/80 HR: 60-100 BPM. Stes: De toid, Ventraglutea', Vastus Loterais Simple Face Mask: 6-12 L/Min Flow Rate RR: 12-20 SQ: Subcutaneous 45” Partial Rebreather: 6-11 L/Min Flow Rate 02: 95-10% Sites: Abdomen or Back of Arm Nonrebreather: 10-15 L/Min Flow Rate Temp: 98.6 F (37°C) ID- intradermal 1045° Venturi: 4-12 L/Min Flow Rate Pain: 0-10 on Pain Scale ‘Sitet: Inner Surface of Forearm Aerosal Mask: >10 L/Min Fow Rate ‘Sites: Cephalic, Cubital, or Basic Vein LEAR Liteng Acting Ri Short Acting Lantus "Clargine" Lack of Peak pon | ii oo Duration: 4h) oy i. 0-12, Pane LUE YELLOW PURPLE (Duration: 12-24 hr) Meeece Ee cee aces warsorsya STEAD rea Oe | Gee? a | eres WBCs: 4 Ik lapel (Girton tyes] 0 Je Immediately -NPH RBCs: 46M ce LAG of | — -Not Fast age “tote Chloride: 95-105 PCO: 35-45 ALOxI: Oriented to Person ES ee an oie Stage 3:Full Stage 4:Ful Thickness O= Pulse is absent 3+ = Full eee re ae RENAL ANC: 5.6 ISOTONIC A: Agpart Non-Compliant Creatinine: 0.5-15 Chole G:Clulsine Crowd i (nets mn Peak smn (Oat & hee 81 BUN: 10.20 oe ue oon Shel oman emer EA SO ‘Sodium: 155-145 ete Hypog yeemia, Hypokalamia, Hives, Replenishes Potassium: 55-5 HCOB: 22-26 cols w/o Phosphate: 25-45 PO2:60-i00 changing shape. A&Ox2: Oriented to Place A&Ox3: Oriented to Time A&Ox4: Oriented to Event 0- Nonreactive ABSENT Stage Redoet Stage Priel hicks 2, "Active or NORMAL w/ toss of Demis 3 = Brisker than Average eS 6S a =) 4s = Hyperactive with Clonus Thickness Tissue Thhsue Loss w/ Exposed 1+ = Diminished 4+ = Bounding loss Bone, Muscle, Tendon 2+ = NORMAL «ripiprazole (Abilify) Eiczapine (Clezaril) Planzopine (Zyprexa) Jouetiagine (Seroquel) isperidone (Risperdal) Pr ipcatidone (Geodon) Iprazolam [xanax] erazepam (Ativan) lenazepam (Klonepin) Diazepem (valium) oipidem (Ambien) jutabarbital (Butisol) R methylphenidate (Concerta) tormeaxitine het (Strat tera) isdexemfetamine (vyvanse) Pextroamphetamine (Dexedrine) [ican cause resp. depression FFivay be habit forming Prcan cause resp. depression Piviay increase affects in Jeiderty Féwoid alechol ond other Jeepressants PLithium levels should be Jronitored closely Pitay increase risk of liver May decrease effects of Jwarforin ond phenytoin Pawcid caffeine can cause sudden death "Monitor cardiovascular system [May cause behaviors! changesRight Patient Right Dose Right Route Right Time Right Documentation NCLEX TIP: Alwayshavea second nurse verify the © dosage of a HICKOP med. H:Heparin insulin C:Chemo e P: Pediatric/ KePotassium O:Opioids “ran ‘Mouth: Oral "PO" Sublingual: Under Tongue Opthalmie: Eyes Buceal: Between Cheek and Gun Transdermal: Skin "Topical” Ears (<3 yrs ears down & back, >3 yrsup & back) Reetal: Buttocks IMé Intramuscular 90° angle SQ = Subcutaneous 45° angle = Infravenous 25° angle ID = Intradermal 10-15° angle Generic Name: The one official name assigned by US. Ex: Ibuprofen Brand Name" are the many names Trade Name: " assigned by companies that manufacture them. Ex: Advil or Motrin Therapeutic Class: What is being treated by drug. Pharmacologic Class: Describes how drug acts. TOXIC DRUG LEVELS: SUH HINT v2, 34] 920, 320}>20 >an>aso DIGOXIN, LITHIUM THEOPHYLLINE, (CHEN TOIN, AMITRIPTYLINE) @ALICYLATEG Aotranmornts ca ancereaa & RECEPTORS: Acetaminophen = Acetylcysteine Aspirin = Sodium Bicarbonate Benzodiazepines = Flumazenil Alpha 1: Constrict Arteries Bota I: Constriet Heart Vessels Alpha 2: Dilate Arteries Bota 2: Dilate Lungr‘Machine that moves air Ventilators jee eur lees Glasgow Coma Scale a | 6. ee Also known as Continuous Mandatory oneeenneeels Aiea. Recs (eres Leien ia its ead a icy To pain. eas cca ll | inmost a ee Oriented........... me: ‘Synchronized Similar to ACY with a set tidal volume. eee a Intermittont-Mandatory | but patients can partially breathe an il wise 3 Ver ition (SUM) ‘own. mappreprt ‘ a) Incomprehensible...............2 ‘opplied throughout respiratory cycle. Airway Pressure (CPAP) Ex: COPD. Obeys Commands...... 6 Localizes Pain. Ss Bilevel Positive Airway Pushes air into lungs and requires o Pressure (BIPAP) mandatory # of breaths. Withdraws from Pain..........4 Abnormal Flexion. me Positive Expiratry End | Poste way sressure apoio the Abnormal Extensio 2 Pressure (PEEP) geen rie eel Cassel MOTOR Unrosponsive....cceccne el 1 es Score: 15 is the Best Score ‘Assess, reinflate cuff if needed, and 13-14: mild, 9-12: moderate, <8: severe tighten loose or disconnected tubing, ate 0 0 aa 1 nciecnion | a:aingnbeLimdnrsse: | @ @ © @ oO Proseure Alarm Obstruction, C: Copious Secretion, K: Kinked Tubing Rhythms (CHEST TUBES: used to reestablish Kecialecnalaigans negative pressure in the pleural space. rar i AIR LEAK: "bubbling in water seal chamber" then clamp chest tube. DISLODGEMENT: cover chest tube site Eas iE IlAtrtel Fibrillation with sterile dressing on three sides. tary | ae | | NCLEX: Strict Aseptic Technique for Setup Vasopressor & Inotropic Meds Ta | Atrial Flutter Phenylephaine Vasoconstrict + Vasopressin Vasoconstrict +|F Epinephrine Varccorsntch tt]! APNE Norepinephrine Vasoconstriction [tf Hu | i i Hy mens Mild Vosodiation&® |g |» Inotope arte ‘Mild Wasedilation & ' -| Inotope ont ie arealPATHO: kills Pancreatic Beta Cells = NOINSULIN CAUSES: Kin [Genetics] ‘ONSET: Kids KETONES: Ketones Present TREATMENT: Keep Insulin Nearby Y coin DKA: Diabetic Ketoacidosis A Type! BGs 250 SM Ketones Present SYMPTOMS: 8P. INSULIN: saad ee .. a Intermediate Acting 86: 70-100 ace? Si Long Acting PATHO: Abnormal Resistance & Sacration af Insulin = NOT ENOUGH INSULIN. CAUSES: Activity # or t BM ONSET: Adults KETONES: Absent TREATMENT: Ac! Anti ity B, Avoid Carbs, abetics (Metformin) & Insulin A conrete Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome M7 Typell 37 BG> 600 Wf Ketones M Clycosuia Absent Name ‘Onset Peak Duration Lispro, Aspart 15 min 30 min Shes Regular The 2hrs ahrs NPH Shrs Bhrs I2hrs Glargine, Determir = NA NA 12-24 hrsUltimate List of Prefixes & Suffixes PREFIX/SUFFIX FUNCTION MEDICATION ARTAM Hipetiens on Ate “Losartan” DARONE Anticatythoe € “amiedarene' UPINE Hypertenion- OCB “Aenledipine” Wwe Hopectens:on-Cantc “Furosemide” tot Hypertemion Bevs alechors “Metopreiel” ‘OxIN Arihgtmios *Diganin™ PHRINE ‘Vane pressor "Epnephane” ait Hypeters an AGE “Vsinopeil STATIN Cholestere! Reducer ‘Atocvastotin” 1osim Hypertension, Bek "Terazpen* PREFIX/SUFFIX FUNCTION MEDICATION IRAMAINE Alsigtes, "Pheninamine” tuKasT Aatheea “Montelukast” BHYLLINE Boopctomilaer “Theaphyline” SOME ‘Coatoosterold "Predeaone” TADINE Margie, “Lorctadine”™ TEROL Bronchotilater "Aoateral” FUNCTION PREFIX / SUFFIX cuF/CEPH. Ansbiose "Cophaleapocin”™ ‘cuLin Ansbiose “Paricilin® eYcunt Antbiote “Tetracycline” DATOLE Actibiste; Armbactesial “Metroniderzole® Roxacin ‘Ouinolone Antbictie “\evolloxsein® man Menaelone! Antibody “Omainenab" mycin Artiblotle; Aribacterial “Aathromyoin WAZOLE Athangal “Fucenaeale” ‘SULFA Antibiotic: Arttinflammatery “Sullewetazine™ vig Ansara Henpes "anyclove” PREFIX/ SUFFIX FUNCTION MEDICATION ARI Moimienerce Blood Thine "werforin” PARIN ‘Awute Tx BlaodUltimate List of Prefixes & Suffixes PREFIX/SUFFIX — FUNCTION AZINE Nowe iL Erectile Bysfuretion PRAZOLE Antacid PPI SETRON Nawsea ‘TINE Antae'd, uleors “Korine” ‘TREL aera nana ; = PREFIX/SUFFIX FUNCTION MEDICATION APNE rypical Antpapcharic “Chazapina™ TAL, Sedoties, Satzures "Pranckorbral” oxone “Opicit Overdoas "Walewana” PAM/LAN Amniclyte-Berze “orcanpar" RIDORE Anypical Artpsycherie "Rapderidore” TRIPTYLUNE ‘ingot Antidenresenet “hontritins” TINE “Typical Aniipsycholie “Thissideine” ZODONE Antidoprowsant “razadone” PREFIX/ SUFFIX FUNCTION MEDICATION ‘caine Lace! Aneatherie “Udecaine” ‘copone Moderate Severe Pain “Oxperdons” ‘PHEN Paar, Paver “Aeetaminoghen PROFEN Poin, Fever, iflommeion "buorofen” TRFTAN Myaire "Sumatriptan PREFIX/SUFFIX MEDICATION ORONATE Orfeaperatis “Mendronate” curin Aatiaiabvetic "Unogiiptin” (MUSTINE Concer "Bendamuatine™ T78 Corcer "Citzotini"IV FLUIDS CHEAT SHEE I hypOtonic Isotonic hypErtonic Fluid goes INTO cells to Fluid replenishes cells from Fluid goes OUT of cells to shrink calls and & fluid levels expand © cellte $ total fluid losses without (dehydrate), body fluid volume. changing shape. Uses: | naed fo gat the fluid eyexeiees cut of my soaked SOCK. fluids into the cells. oe 6 Severe Hyponatremia oe DRA e Burns or Blood Lass o ‘Overload af Fluid ® Increased Total Fluid e Anaphykanis Sepsis 6 Cerebral Edema (©) Geostrl Fuld Loss (D) dehydration @ Keri (Wete: # Gauge = B® Needle \ ! | ! ' GREEN PINK BLUE YELLOW PURPLE Bus 206 226 246 266 Bopid Fluid Most infusions Mor Infusions Host infusions ~Pediotiics Replocement Rapid Aud Replocemert Neonates “Neonat Neonate one eum pecatne -Pediaie Rapid Blood Routine flood “Older Adults -Dider Adit Tanaka Trento Pete Bled frasalodonni? Hometown: Intracellular and Extracellular HER SUMMARY: | also follow Sodium but | move as fast as a "mouse duh" to hydrate your body. | am inside and outside your cells, transport nutrients and waste, do metabolic reactions, insulate and absorb shock. "My breasts can always tell when you are made of 60% water" FLUID VOLUME Favorite food: drinking water, cucumbers, lettuce, watermelon Relationship History: Friends with Sodium. | have dated everyone. LOVE ME and have too much of me HYPERVOLEMIA DON'T LIKE ME and have tao little of me HYPOVOLEMIA Vee 4 HR/RR Warne Bop Thirst, Oliguria, concentrated urine, Edema, Distended Jugular Veins, SOB, Crackles in Lungs, Increased Urine Output flat neck veins, Decreased cap refill NA + Hbg, Het, BUN/Creatinine + NA + Hbg, Het, BUN/CREATININF9 Hometown: Extracellular Cation HER SUMMARY: lam a little bit of a control freak. | control water, blood volume/pressure, acid-base balance, and nerve impulses. Favorite dance move is called "Osmosis". Wi SODIUM,135-145 Favorite food: table salt, french fries, pop, canned meat. Relationship History: Dating Potassium in NA-K pump, BFF Chloride DON'T LIKE ME and have tao little of me LOVE ME and have too much of me HYPONATREMIA HYPERNATREMIA + HR/RR Or 4 HR t BP/RR Muscle cramps, Seizures, Dry Skin, Thirst, increased body temp, swollen Weight gain, Edema, Weakness dry tongue, seizures, hyper-reflexia NA, Osmolaitiy, BUN 4) NA, Osmolaltiy, BUN9 Hometown: Intracellular Cation HIS SUMMARY: | can make your heart skip a beat, regulate muscle activity, acid-base balance and enzyme reactions. "Take your daily dose of me babe since | won't stay forever" POTASSIUM, 3.5-5 Favorite food: bananas, orange juice, green leafy vegetables Relationship History: Dating Sodium in NA-K pump. LOVE ME and have too much of me DON'T LIKE ME and have too little of me HYPERKALEMIA HYPOKALEMIA Sie yer Sa HR AP vpree Fatigue, Paresthesias, Decreased GI motility Ee oe reranals ECG: tall T waves, prolonged PR and ECG: flat T waves, prominent U waves, ST WRS, absent P wave, ST depressio’ ‘epression, prolonged PR interval©} Hometown: Intracellular Cation HIS SUMMARY: | keep everyone sane. | relax the muscles, do metabolism in the cell, regulate cardiac function, transmit nerves and regulate blood sugar control. That is why Glen Coco only got 4 candies... MAGNESIUM, 1.5-2.5 Favorite food: fish, leafy green vegetables, whole grains, beans, nuts Relationship History: BFF with Calcium DON'T LIKE ME and have too little of me LOVE ME and have too much of me HYPOMAGNESEMIA HYPERMAGNESEMIA DD vp Abnormal HR Abnormal HR + BP/RR Positive Trousseau/Chvostek Sign, Hyperactive Slow Deep Tendon Reflexes, Tendon Reflexes, Seizures, Tetany, Tremors Diaphoresis, Muscle Weakness ECG: flat or inverted T waves, depressed ECG: prolonged PR interval and QRS, peaked T Wave * prolonged PR interval, widened ORS9 Hometown: Cation in Skeletal System HER SUMMARY: | form your backbone and teeth to fight "The Plastics". | will keep your heart at a good pace, send nerve impulses and help with clotting. CALCIUM, 9-11 Favorite food: milk, yogurt, dark green leafy vegetables, salmon Relationship History: BFF with Magnesium, In love with Vitamin D DON'T LIKE ME and have tao little of me LOVE ME and have tee much of me HYPOCALCEMIA HYPERCALCEMIA Vi: Abnormal HR t HR Numbness, Tetany, Positive Trosseau/Chvostek, Polyuria, Polydipsia, Hypoactive Decreased PT, Hyperactive Tendon Reflexes Tendon Reflexes, Thirst, Bone Pain ECG: prolonged QT interval and ECG: shortened ST segment and QT sngthened ST. interval, heart block BP9 Hometown: Extracellular Anion HER SUMMARY: | follow Sodium's every move. | also control blood volume, acid-base balance and oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange. "That's so homeostatic!" 5 a 5 3 By Fa B CHLORIDE, 95-105 Favorite food: table salt, tomatoes, olives, seaweed, rye Relationship History: BFF with Sodium DON'T LIKE ME and have tao little of me LOVE ME and have too much of me HYPOCHLOREMIA HYPERCHLOREMIA v BP 5 a HR/RR PB vere Do Agitation, tremors, hypertonicity, tetany, Decreased LOC, decreased CO, dyspnea, seizures, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes. edema, dsrhythmias, weakness OH NACLK 4 PH, coz, Hco3 enna pr, coz, coz Ci ww?! 9 Hometown: Intracellular Anion9 Hometown: Intracellular Anion HER SUMMARY: | also form bones and teeth to secretly ruin the plastics. | produce energy (ATP), DNA, repair tissues and metabolize carbs/proteins/fats. | regulate acid-base, calcium levels and muscle/nerve functions. "Yes, butter is a carb" PHOSPHATE, 2.5-4.5 Favorite food: chicken, pork, meat, seafoad, dairy and beans Relationship History: Betrayed Calcium so enemies now DON'T LIKE ME and have too little of me LOVE ME and have too much of me HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA + BP + HR/RR BD viene Wop Paresthesias, bone pain, cardiomyopathy, Tetany, anorexia, hyperactive reflexes, respiratory failure, seizures, @ suNrcreatinine, vito 4H cA. Mg Pounicreatinine, view W ca, Mg ue hypoxia Soft tissue calcification, nausea/vomittingBEAUTIFUL NURSING bance carns emoglotin Pusey. Mk: 13-14 F 1886 Hematocrit Ma TAN aH ota munt um (KF Bas YOURAY 355 Secium NA) "ricecf Say Cua 135-18 (rier gp anna DOr $510. cam cay car* rom ben 18-38 nea peer 19° 1a Wine weds 396 12 Glucose 70498 AICS (Cholesterol 20a, MOL>69, LOL: toa Trigycaridan «150 Albarn: 355 roy {carton anise Pacar 35-45 carbonate (COR 2226Instructions: Print these sheets on a standard “8.5 X11” piece of paper, then cut the individual cards. After cutting the cards, you can laminate them by either using your own. laminator or the Dollar Store sells “Self-Laminating Sheets”.