PRAYER
LET’S REVIEW
In our last meeting, you learned review of related
literature and its types as well as the 4 characteristics
of a good literature. Why is it important to consider the
4 characteristics in citing literature?
ACTIVITY 1
THE ART OF
CHOOSING
INSTRUCTION
Look at the pictures. Choose the
appropriate image for each given
situation.
1.
Which among the flowers is usually used as a
corsage (a designed flower pinned on chest)
during graduation?
2 You are reading a research study and want to highlight
the problem of the study for you to easily identify it later
on as you recheck it. Which among the pens will you use?
What do you think is
the purpose of the
pictures?
What did you think of
when choosing the
answer?
Why do we need to use
appropriate elements/parts
whenever we have to do or
design something?
What do you think is the
connection of our activity to
our lesson today?
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
As the years of doing qualitative research
progressed, various designs have been
introduced in the field. These designs are the
basis of conducting the research setting
specific directions.
Creswell (2014) summarized the qualitative
research design into five (5): narrative
research, phenomenology, grounded theory,
ethnography or case study.
1.Narrative Research
-Report or reflect the stories
2.Phenomenology
-Describe the essence of the experience
3.Grounded Theory
-Discover or generate theory
4.Ethnography
-Seek to understand
5.Case Study
-Explore a process
Research Environment
A research environment refers to the
setting where research activities take
place, involving stakeholders, alliances,
and strategic management knowledge to
facilitate the integration of research
results into the wider environment.
Example:
This study will be going to conduct in the
CED students of Jose Rizal Memorial State
University (JRMSU) main campus. This
institution for higher learning is the premier
State University in the province of
Zamboanga del Norte. This campus located
at Gov. Guading Adasa St., Sta. Cruz,
Dapitan City.
RESEARCH SAMPLES
AND SAMPLING
PROCEDURE
Sampling
-refers to the method or process of selecting
participants or people to participate in the
discussion to yield data for a research study.
The bigger group from where you choose the
sample is called population (Paris, 2013).
Types of Sampling Procedure/
Technique
1. Convenience Sampling
-also known as accidental
sampling.
This involves selecting people for
your research who are available
(convenient) for study.
2. Snowball Sampling
-also known as chain referral sampling.
A core group of participants is initially
sampled for the research project. These
participants are then asked to identify
others who might be eligible to
participate.
3. Purposive Sampling
- also known as judgmental sampling.
It is the deliberate choice of respondents
due to the qualities the respondents
possess. It is a non-random technique that
does not need underlying theories or a set
number of participants.
Population – the universe of people to which the
study could be generalized.
Sample – finite number of participants selected
from the population, that is, a subset or part of the
population.
Sampling – The process of selecting the sample or
the study units from a previously defined
population.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS
In qualitative research, research instruments
are used to collect non-numerical data that
help researchers understand people's
experiences, behaviors, thoughts, or social
phenomena.
Here are some common research
instruments used in qualitative research:
-Observation
-focus group discussion
-interview guide
-audio/video recorders and cameras.
RESEARCH GATHERING
PROCEDURE
Analysis- is the process of breaking complex
concept into its understandable parts.
Qualitative data analysis goes the same way.
Transcription- is the process of putting into
writing word by word the audio or video
recorded interview
