Solutions to RMT/Set-1 ® . (a) - L (@) id) . (b) - (a) (c) 2 and (-3) are zeroes of the polynomial it means when x = 2 or -3 then y Therefore point on the x-axis is (2, 0) System of equations 2 ~ ky = 14 and 3x + y = 10 has unique solution, b, Ot (for aye + by Therefore + > y=, and ax + by 2 2 > kee Secant intersects the circle at more than two points. 5, Bn (y-3x 15-2 5, = QP -3x2=2 Therefore a, = S, 2-2) >a, O and a, Common difference = 0 = (2) = 2 Volume of cone = 4 x area of base x height x 156 x8 3 = 416 cm 3 We have see 0 = 3 => cos = 2 3 443 Now, decut 775 2 Fost 43 7 ZOPT = 900 (Radius is perpendicular to tangent at the point of contact) and Z0P0 = ZTPO ~ ZoPT 00° — 90° = 10° We have, pls) =x? = 3x dete a 4)+ 16-4) =e- He +1) For zeroes pix) =0 = x-d=0orrt1=05x Hence zeroes are 4, Mathematics—10. 09. @) 1. @) 1. © 2. 13. () 4 18.) 16. () The highest frequency is of class 40-60. Therefore modal class is 40-60, Hence, upper limit of modal class is 60 PTO =90° (Radius is perpendicular to tangent at the point of contact) In PTO, —_ZPTO + ZTPO =x (Exterior angle property of triangle) > 90" + 2 We have, vad Discriminant, D =" ~ dac yr 4 YA) 6 > 0 Therefore, roots are real and distinct. By putting @ = 60° in tan*® + cot®9, we get tant or + co? 60" = (V3(E) asi 3° 3 Volume of a solid sphere is 616 cm’. > P= 147 em? 0 = P(E) < 1, where P(E) is the probability of an event E. Here 12 > 1 te Therefore +2 cannot be the probability of an event Let the points be P(-4, 0), Q(4, 0) and R(O, 3) PO? = (4-4)? + (0-07 (sing distance formula) PQ? = 64 or PQ = 8 units RO? =(4- 0) + 0-3)" (Using distance formula) Re = ot RQ = 5 units and RP? =(4-0)' + (0-3)? (Using distance formula) RP? =25 or RP = 5 units, Since, RQ =RP Hence, the given points are vertices of an isosceles triangle. Using empirical formula: mode = 3 median ~ 2 mean > 12 =3 Median 2 x 24 = 3 Median = 60 >= Median = 20 Mathematics—10, @17. 19. 20, 21. 2. 23, © @ © (@) @ CG @ (by) Centre is the mid-point of diameter. Therefore coordinates of centre are Total cards = 52 Face cards 2 Not face cards = 52-12 = 40 40 _ 10 P(getting not a face card) = 22 = 2 “getting » 2° Smallest composite numbers are 4 and 6, 4=2x2 6=2%3 Therefore HCF = 2, Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false 1 Area of sector = 4 x radius x length of ate z at Area of sector = 4 7 x 4 = 14 em? Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A). 48 =2x 2x 2x2%3 =2K2KIK3x3 HOF =2.x2x2%3= 24 LOM =2x2x2x2%3x3= 144 OR M = p'giP and N = p'g'r Therefore HCF (M, N) = p°q’r LCM (M, N) = pg? Number of days in a leap year = 366 52 7x52 Number of weeks in a yé Total days in $2 weeks 64 Remaining days = 2 Sample space for remaining days = {(S.M), (MT), (TW), (W, TH), (TH, F), (B 8), (S. S)) Favourable outcomes = {(S, S), (S.M)} Pein $8 Sto) = 2 on Sap pss = (45,6 2,8 9,11, 1215 1 5,851 38 18,20, Fou oso = (68 10121416 18 20) Poowatiscuomet _ 9 _ 1 \Gewing Total outcomes 1 2 1 y—tan?60" eos 60" °24, Let the point on the x-axis be P(r, 0). According to question, PA = 10 Or (PA)? = 100 = (&- 1)? + @ + 8)? =100 (Using distance formula) = (= 1)? = 100 ~ 64 = (= 11)? =36 = @-I)=26 ither x= 11 =6ore-11 > xalorr=5 Therefore points on the x-axis are (17, 0) or (5, 0). 25, Let the y-axis divides line segment joining the points (5, ~6) and (-1, ~4) in the ratio k : 1. ‘Therefore point (0, y) divides line joining the points (5, -6) and (-1, ~4) in the ratio k : 1. Using section formula: mya tmh = ow RCH = k ‘Therefore the y-axis divides line segment joining the points (5, ~6) and (-1, -4) in the ratio 5 = 1. 26, (a) (i) In AABC and AAMP ZABC = ZAMP (90° Each) ZCAB = ZMAP (Common) Therefore AABC ~ AAMP (AA Criterion) (Since AABC ~ AMP CA _ BC a. (Corresponding sides of similar triangles) OR (®) In ABE, DF || AE, BD _ BE ee (Basie proportionality theorem)...@) In ABC, DE || AC, BD 2 (Basie proportionality theorem)..(ii) Using ( and (i), we get BE = Hence proved 27, Let length and breadth of the rectangular field be x m and y m respective ‘According to the first condition, 2 +y) =82 = xty=dl > yaa-x “ ‘According to the second condition, ay = 400 i) Using equations (i) and (ji), we get x(41 x) = xP diy + 400 = Mathematics—10, “> xf — 25x — 16r + 400 =0 = x(x ~ 25) ~ 16( ~ 25) =0 = (&- 25)(e ~ 16) 16 or 25, ifx = 16 theny = ify = 25 theny = 16 Therefore dimensions are 25 m and 16 m. oe 1-16 = 25 28, Let a and fare zeroes of the polynomial P(x) = a2 +x +5 Therefore, a + B = -1 and of Ai) Now, zeroes are % and & Sum of zeroes Product of zeroes = Therefore required polynomial = k{x’ ~ (sum of zeroes)x + product of zeroes), where k = constant = Heed +1) P+ % +S 29, ‘r= sec x + sec - secs =secks (sec ~1) (Using identity seer = 1 + tan’) = (1 + tans) tan’x = tan’ + tan'e = RHS 30, (a) Let radius of circular playground be rm. According to the question, 27? = 22176 = 2p a 2176 7 5 2 — B21T6xT 2 = P= 7056 > r=84m For fencing we have to calculate circumference of the circle. Therefore circumference, C Cost of fencing = rate x circumference =F 50 x 528 26400 6oR () Given: = 21 em, contra angle = 60° Area of sector = 0? © 36" 2 xara x 7 = 231 em? We know that area of sector = 1xIxr = aa = 2x tat = 1=22.m 31. Let V5 be a rational number, Therefore /5 = ~ where x, y are co-prime and y is not equal to zero, Squaring on both Sides and rearranging, we get ‘Therefore, § divides x’. > 5 divides x. So, we can write x = Se for some integer Substituting for x, we get 55 4, ‘This means that 5 divides y*, and so 5 divides y. Therefore, x and y have at least § as a common factor. But this contradicts the fact that x and y have no common factors other than 1 ‘This contradiction has arisen because of our incorrect asumption that ¥5 is rational Hence V5 is an irrational number. 32. (a) Bir + 43y =123 4a + Sy =117 Adding equations ()) and (i), we get 80 + 80y = 240 or xty=3 Subtracting equation (ji) from equation (), we get ox + =6 Or -xty=l Adding equations (ii) and (jv), we get y =2 Putting y = 2 in equation (jv), we get -r+2=15x=1 Hence, = Ly oR (b) Let present age of father be x years and sum of present ages of two children be y years. “According to the question, x = 2y Alter 20 years age of father be (x + 20) years After 20 years sum of ages of two children be (y + 40) years yr 40 According to the condition, x + 20 or xy 0 Putting the value of x from equation (i) in equation (i), we get Wy —y = Wy = 20 years age of father = 2 x 20 = 40 years Mathematics—10, 6 Ai) (i) (it) wv) Ai) (ii)33. a4. Given: A circle with centre ©, a point P lying outside the circle and two tangents PQ and PR are drawn on the circle from point P 2 Pp. PR. Construction: Join OP, OQ and OR. Proof: In AOQP and AORP Z00P = ZORP (Radius is perpendicular to tangent at point of contact) 00 =OR (Radii of the same circle) op =oP (Common) ‘Therefore, AOQP = AORP (RHS) Po T) Henee proved Now, in given figure, TP = TC ..() (The lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are equal) TO = TC ..Gi) (The lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are equal) From (@ and (i), TP = TO, ie. T is mid-point of PO. Hence, the common tangent to the citeles at C, bisects the common tangent at P and Q. Let A and B be the positions of two ships and PC is lighthouse, angle of depression of two ships are 30° and 45°. a a ae Let BP be x m. Then AP = (100-1) m Now, in triangle BPC, Batam 45° BP = eisn “ o . In triangle APC, SF tan 0 5 h o0-% = W8 w ”From equations (i) and (ii), we get ni = Af3 +h > a(/3 +1) = 100 > n= Bu 5 100_ V3-1 Wu vant 100 > n= x re-1 z a ) = fh =50 x 0.732 = fh = 36.600 m Heence, height of the lighthouse is 366 m. 35, (@) Let A = 35, here h = 10 Class intervals | Frequency (f) * Sit 10-20 5 15 30 2030 10 25 1 10 3040 2 35 0 @ 17 5 1 4 55 2 8 Ef =58 fia, =15 fu, A+ ixh, we get From formula, y 7 = C15) Fo 5120 38 ¥ =35 -259 = 3241 Hence, mean = 3241 Modal class = 40-50 Here, = 40, f, = 17. = 4, fy = 12 Mode xh Mode } 10 2xiT-12-4) Hence, mode 42.78 Mathematics—10, @)© Class intervals Fre o 010 3 3 10-20 5 20.30 1 19 30-40 10 28 40-50 x 24% 50-60 3 Rex 60-70 2 Mex Median class 30.40 Here, 1 = 30, of = 19,f = 10,4 = 10, = 34 +x Median 36, (i) Radius of sphere = 30 em Volume of spherical part = 4xr° = 11314286 em* (i) ‘The height and the diameter of the conical section of the tent are equal. Therefore r = Volume of conical part(ii) (@ The height of eyindrical part hyh3 Volume of eylinder = xxx tx 22 3h = ant 3 Volume of conical part _ Volume of evlindrical part aah 5 Volume of conical part : Volume of eylindrical part = 29 OR (iii) (b) ‘There are two horizontal planks (top and bottom). Length of horizontal plank = 105 em Width of horizontal plank = 45 em Height of horizontal plank = 2 em Volume of planks = 2 x length x width x height Volume of planks = 2 x 105 x 45 x 2 = 18900 em? 37.) According to the question 3 and n For AR a 0 Using formula a,=4 + (n= Ud, we get a,=5 + (0-1) x3 =5407 =32 Hence, there are 32 trees in the 10th row. (i) Reverse AP 2, 185 Hore a = 32,d = 3 andn =3 Using formula a, = a + (wn - 1)d, we get Sond wt ww = 32 + B- 13) =32-6=26 Hence, there are 26 trees in the second last row. (i) (@) Using formula Z(a+a,) = 16, = 5 +32) Hence, there are 185 trees in the 10 rows of the orchord. Mathematics—10, (10)oR (ii) ©) Using formula a, =a + (n ~ 1d =5 + (6-18) +2=17 a, =5 + 6-8) 5415 =20 Total = 17 trees + 20 trees = 37 trees 38 (i) AA iiterion (@ Distance travelled in 2 see, = 2x 1.2 m= 24m (iii) (@) Distance travelled in 2 see, = 12 x 2 = 24m, In AABE and ACDE ZABE = ZCDE =e Therefore AABE ~ ACI AB ® 5 36 = cD = 25 metres = 1.06 metres ha oR (iii) (b) Distance travelled in 4 sec, = 12 x 4 = 48m In ABE and ACDE, ZABE = CDE =a Therefore ABE ~ ACDE AB ra) . 36 _ 484 DE 106 ~~ DE > 36 DE = 5.088 + 1.06 DE = 254 DE =5.088 = DE =2.0 m (approx) Hence, the length of her shadow after 4 seconds is 2.0 m (approx) ay (00° each) (Common) (AA criterion) (90° each) (Common) (AA criterion)