VERB TO BE
EL VERBO "TO BE" EN INGLÉS SIGNIFICA "SER" O "ESTAR" Y ES UNO DE LOS
VERBOS MÁS IMPORTANTES PORQUE SE USA EN MUCHAS ESTRUCTURAS
GRAMATICALES.
FORMAS DEL VERBO "TO BE" EN PRESENTE
PRONOMBR INTERROGAT
AFIRMATIVA NEGATIVA
E IVA
I I AM (YO SOY/ESTOY) I AM NOT AM I?
YOU YOU ARE (TÚ ERES/ESTÁS) YOU ARE NOT (AREN'T) ARE YOU?
HE/SHE/IT HE IS (ÉL ES/ESTÁ) HE IS NOT (ISN'T) IS HE?
WE ARE (NOSOTROS
WE WE ARE NOT (AREN'T) ARE WE?
SOMOS/ESTAMOS)
THEY THEY ARE (ELLOS SON/ESTÁN) THEY ARE NOT (AREN'T) ARE THEY?
USOS DEL VERBO "TO BE"
1. PARA DESCRIBIR CARACTERÍSTICAS O ESTADOS
o SHE IS TALL. (ELLA ES ALTA.)
o THEY ARE HAPPY. (ELLOS ESTÁN FELICES.)
2. PARA INDICAR NACIONALIDAD U ORIGEN
o I AM FROM MEXICO. (SOY DE MÉXICO.)
o HE IS AMERICAN. (ÉL ES ESTADOUNIDENSE.)
3. PARA HABLAR DE LA EDAD
o SHE IS 26 YEARS OLD. (ELLA TIENE 26 AÑOS.)
4. PARA LA HORA Y EL CLIMA
o IT IS 5 O’CLOCK. (SON LAS 5 EN PUNTO.)
o IT IS COLD TODAY. (HOY ESTÁ FRÍO.)
5. PARA PROFESIONES
o MY FATHER IS A DOCTOR. (MI PADRE ES DOCTOR.)
6. PARA UBICAR PERSONAS O COSAS
o THE BOOK IS ON THE TABLE. (EL LIBRO ESTÁ SOBRE LA MESA.)
7. PARA FORMAR TIEMPOS PROGRESIVOS (ACCIONES EN PROGRESO)
o SHE IS STUDYING ENGLISH. (ELLA ESTÁ ESTUDIANDO INGLÉS.
EJEMPLOS
AFIRMATIVA:
I AM A TEACHER. (SOY MAESTRA.)
THEY ARE AT HOME. (ELLOS ESTÁN EN CASA.)
HE IS MY BROTHER. (ÉL ES MI HERMANO.)
NEGATIVA:
I AM NOT TIRED. (NO ESTOY CANSADA.)
SHE IS NOT HERE. / SHE ISN'T HERE. (ELLA NO ESTÁ AQUÍ.)
WE ARE NOT FRIENDS. / WE AREN'T FRIENDS. (NO SOMOS AMIGOS.)
INTERROGATIVA:
AM I LATE? (¿ESTOY TARDE?)
IS SHE YOUR SISTER? (¿ES ELLA TU HERMANA?)
ARE THEY AT SCHOOL? (¿ESTÁN ELLOS EN LA ESCUELA?)
REGLA PARA RESPONDER PREGUNTAS CON "TO BE"
EN RESPUESTAS AFIRMATIVAS: USA YES + PRONOMBRE + "TO BE" EN LA FORMA
CORRECTA.
EN RESPUESTAS NEGATIVAS: USA NO + PRONOMBRE + "TO BE" EN NEGATIVO (IS
NOT / ISN'T / ARE NOT / AREN'T / AM NOT).
IS THE BOOK ON THE TABLE? (¿ESTÁ EL LIBRO SOBRE LA MESA?)
YES, IT IS. (SÍ, LO ESTÁ.)
NO, IT IS NOT / ISN'T. (NO, NO LO ESTÁ.)
IS SHE 26 YEARS OLD? (¿TIENE ELLA 26 AÑOS?)
YES, SHE IS. (SÍ, ELLA TIENE.)
NO, SHE IS NOT / ISN'T. (NO, ELLA NO TIENE.)
ACTIVITY 1: READ THE TEXT AND UNDERLINE THE VERB "TO BE"
SARAH IS A 12-YEAR-OLD GIRL. SHE IS VERY INTELLIGENT AND KIND. HER FAVORITE
SUBJECT IS MATHEMATICS, AND SHE WANTS TO BE A SCIENTIST IN THE FUTURE. HER
PARENTS ARE TEACHERS, AND THEY ARE VERY PROUD OF HER. SARAH’S BEST FRIEND
IS EMMA, AND THEY ARE ALWAYS TOGETHER AT SCHOOL. TODAY, SARAH IS AT THE
LIBRARY BECAUSE SHE HAS AN IMPORTANT PROJECT TO FINISH. THE WEATHER IS
COLD, SO SHE IS WEARING A WARM SWEATER.
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS USING THE VERB "TO BE"
1. HOW OLD IS SARAH?
2. WHAT IS HER FAVORITE SUBJECT?
3. WHAT DO HER PARENTS DO?
4. WHERE IS SARAH TODAY?
5. WHO IS SARAH’S BEST FRIEND?
6. WHY IS SARAH AT THE LIBRARY?
7. HOW IS THE WEATHER TODAY?
8. WHAT IS SARAH WEARING?
9. ARE SARAH AND EMMA ALWAYS TOGETHER?
10. IS SARAH’S PROJECT IMPORTANT?
ACTIVITY 2: PUT THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER
1. NOT / I / AM / TIRED.
2. TEACHER / A / SHE / IS.
3. ARE / LATE / WE / NOT.
4. YOUR / IS / FRIEND / HE / ?
5. COLD / IT / IS / TODAY / ?
6. AT / ARE / THEY / SCHOOL / ?
7. MY / HAPPY / IS / DOG.
8. FROM / ARE / WE / SPAIN.
9. THE / ON / BOOK / IS / TABLE / THE.
10. PLAYING / THEY / NOT / ARE.
ACTIVITY 3: COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE CORRECT FORM OF THE
VERB "TO BE"
1. MY NAME ____ ANNA. (AFFIRMATIVE)
2. THEY ____ AT THE PARK. (NEGATIVE)
3. ____ SHE YOUR SISTER? (QUESTION)
4. WE ____ NOT READY FOR THE EXAM. (NEGATIVE)
5. THE WEATHER ____ SUNNY TODAY. (AFFIRMATIVE)
6. ____ YOU TIRED? (QUESTION)
7. HE ____ A GOOD STUDENT. (AFFIRMATIVE)
8. SHE ____ NOT AT HOME. (NEGATIVE)
9. ____ THEY FROM BRAZIL? (QUESTION)
10. THE BOOKS ____ ON THE SHELF. (AFFIRMATIVE)
ACTIVITY 4: FIND THE MISTAKE AND CORRECT IT
1. SHE ARE MY BEST FRIEND.
2. THEY IS NOT AT SCHOOL TODAY.
3. I AM NOT A DOCTOR?
4. IS THEY YOUR NEIGHBORS?
5. THE CAT ARE UNDER THE CHAIR.
6. WE IS VERY HAPPY TODAY.
7. HE AM A MUSICIAN.
8. IT ARE RAINING OUTSIDE.
9. YOU IS MY COUSIN.
10. THE FLOWERS IS BEAUTIFUL.
ACTIVITY 5: WRITING EXERCISE
WRITE FIVE SENTENCES ABOUT YOURSELF USING THE VERB "TO BE". EXAMPLE: "I AM
A STUDENT."
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
