Accounting Basics: Key Concepts and Questions
Accounting Basics: Key Concepts and Questions
VERSION F
1. For accounting purposes, the business entity should be considered separate from its
owners if the business is organized as a:
A) proprietorship
B) corporation
C) partnership
D) all of the above
3. The economic resources of a business that are expected to produce a benefit in the
future are:
A) liabilities
B) assets
C) owners’ equity
D) expenses
4. Revenues are:
A) decreases in assets resulting from delivering goods or services to customers
B) increases in liabilities resulting from delivering goods or services to customers
C) increases in retained earnings resulting from delivering goods or services to
customers
D) decreases in retained earnings resulting from delivering goods or services to
customers
Questions 5-6
Use the following Balance Sheet and Income Statement to answer the question.
Jane Austin Bookstore
Balance Sheet
December 31, 2013
Liabilities and
Shareholders’
Assets Equity
Cash and equivalents €5,000 Accounts payable €10,000
Accounts Receivable 12,000 Taxes payable 4,500
Inventory 25,000 Other liabilities 2,500
Prepaid expenses 3,000 Mortgage payable 60,000
Land 54,000 Total liabilities 77,000
Building 63,000
Accumulated depreciation--
Building ???? 51,000 Capital 30,000
Trucks 20,000 Retained earnings ???
Accumulated depreciation--
Trucks 18,000 2,000 Total shareholders' equity ???
Total Assets €152,000 Total Liabilities and
Shareholders' Equity ????
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Accounting 1.2 ALL VERSIONS EBC1013-1014-1015
5. Based on the provided information, what amount should be reported for Retained
Earnings on the Balance Sheet for 2013?
A) €8,450
B) €45,000
C) €75,000
D) €77,000
6. If the truck is linearly depreciated over ten years with no residual value, how many
years has Jane Austin Bookstore already had this truck on its balance sheet?
A) 1 year
B) 6 years
C) 9 years
D) 8 years
7. The IASB:
A) is working towards a convergence of standards with the FASB
B) follows direct orders from the FASB
C) does not want US companies to adopt IFRS standards
D) feels that the global use of IFRS will significantly increase costs of doing
global business
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13. A company paid cash for an amount owed to a creditor. This transaction decreased
cash and:
A) decreased revenues
B) decreased liabilities
C) decreased expenses
D) increased expenses
16. A company started the year with €400 of supplies. During the year, the company
purchased an additional €1,200 of supplies. There are €700 of supplies on hand at the
end of the year. An adjusting entry prepared at the end of the accounting period
includes a:
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17. On January 1, 2010, total assets for Liftoff Technologies were €125,000; on
December 31, 2010, total assets were €145,000. On January 1, 2010, total liabilities
were €110,000; on December 31, 2010, total liabilities were €115,000.
What is the amount of the change and the direction of the change in Liftoff
Technologies' shareholders’ equity for 2010?
A) decrease of €15,000
B) increase of €15,000
C) increase of €30,000
D) decrease of €30,000
19. The book value of an asset that was purchased for €20,000 and has accumulated
depreciation of €6,000 is:
A) €20,000
B) € 6,000
C) €26,000
D) €14,000
20. On November 1, Phillips Tool and Die Company paid six months’ insurance in
advance totaling €9,000. An adjusted trial balance prepared on December 31 would
include a balance in the Prepaid Insurance account of:
A) €9,000
B) €6,000
C) €3,000
D) €0
21. Income taxes owed to the federal government would be classified as a(n):
A) expense on the Income Statement
B) financing activity on the Statement of Cash Flows
C) current asset on the Balance Sheet
D) current liability on the Balance Sheet
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Accounting 1.2 ALL VERSIONS EBC1013-1014-1015
A) I and II
B) I and III
C) I, II, and III
D) All of these answers are correct
23. On August 1 of the current year, Magic Carpet Entertainment received €4,800 for
services to be performed evenly over the next twelve months. Assuming that all
adjusting entries are made at the end of the accounting period, ending on December
31, 2014, the adjusting entry would include a:
A) debit to Cash for €4,800
B) credit to Service Revenue for €4,800
C) debit to Unearned Service Revenue for €2,000
D) debit to Unearned Service Revenue for €2,800
24. The journal entry to record performing a service on account would include a debit to:
A) Cash
B) Service Revenue Expense
C) Accounts Receivable
D) Retained Earnings
28. Christi Manufacturing provided the following information for last month:
Sales €10,000
Variable costs €3,000
Fixed costs €5,000
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30. The determination of a cost as either direct or indirect depends upon the:
A) accounting system
B) allocation system
C) cost tracing system
D) cost object chosen
31. _____________ is the collection of cost data in some organized way through an
accounting system.
A) cost allocation
B) cost pool
C) cost accumulation
D) cost assignment
33. Within the relevant range, if there is a change in the level of the cost driver, then
A) total fixed costs will remain the same and total variable costs will change
B) fixed costs per unit will change and variable costs per unit will remain the
same
C) fixed costs per unit will remain the same and variable costs per unit will
change
D) both A and B
34. When 10,000 units are produced, variable costs are €6 per unit. Therefore, when
20,000 units are produced:
A) variable costs will total €120,000
B) variable unit costs will decrease to €3 per unit
C) variable unit costs will remain €6 per unit
D) both A and C
35. Axle and Wheel Manufacturing currently produces 1,000 axles per month. The
following per unit data apply for sales to regular customers:
Direct materials €30
Direct manufacturing labor 5
Variable manufacturing overhead 10
Fixed manufacturing overhead 40
Total manufacturing costs €85
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The plant has capacity for 2,000 axles and is considering expanding production to 1,500
axles.
36. Process costing should be used to assign costs to products when the:
A) units produced are similar
B) units produced are dissimilar
C) calculation of unit costs requires the averaging of unit costs over all units
produced
D) units produced are similar and calculation of unit costs requires the
averaging of unit costs over all units produced
Questions 37-38
Injection Molding, Inc., manufactures plastic moldings for car seats. Its costing system
utilizes two cost categories, direct materials and conversion costs. Each product must pass
through Department A and Department B. Direct materials are added at the beginning of
production. Assume that Injection Molding, Inc., is applying the weighed average process
costing method.
37. How many units were completed and transferred out of Department A during the
accounting period?
A) 100 units
B) 600 units
C) 700 units
D) 800 units
38. What were the equivalent units of direct materials and conversion costs, respectively,
at the end of February?
A) 800; 730
B) 600; 660
C) 800; 760
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D) 600; 540
40. In the end of the period you have products on stock and you know that input prices
will rise from the next period onwards. Therefore, in the next period:
A) operating income will be lower under the weighted average method than under
the FIFO method
B) COGS will be higher under the FIFO process costing method as compared to
the weighted average method
C) WIP closing stock will be lower under the weighted average method than
under the FIFO method
D) both A and C are correct
Questions 41-42
Jake’s Battery Company has two service departments, Maintenance and Personnel.
Maintenance Department costs of €160,000 are allocated on the basis of budgeted
maintenance-hours. Personnel Department costs of €40,000 are allocated based on the
number of employees. The costs of operating departments A and B are €80,000 and
€120,000, respectively. Data on budgeted maintenance-hours and number of employees
are as follows:
41. Using the direct method, what amount of Personnel Department costs will be
allocated to Department A?
A) €10,000
B) €16,000
C) €24,000
D) €30,000
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42. Using the step-down method, what amount of Maintenance Department cost will be
allocated to Department B if the service department with the highest percentage of
interdepartmental support service is allocated first?
A) €32,000
B) €42,667
C) €57,334
D) €64,000
Questions 43-44
Alfred, owner of Hi-Tech Fiberglass Fabricators, Inc., is interested in using the reciprocal
allocation method. The following data from operations were collected for analysis:
Services furnished:
By Plant Maintenance (budgeted labor-hours):
to Data Processing 3,500
to Machining 5,000
to Capping 8,200
By Data Processing (budgeted computer time):
to Plant Maintenance 600
to Machining 3,500
to Capping 600
43. Which of the following linear equations represents the complete reciprocated cost of
the Data Processing Department?
A) DP= €75,000 + (600/4,700) PM
B) DP= €75,000 + (3,500/16,700) PM
C) DP= €75,000 x (600/4,700) + €350,000 x (3,340/16,700)
D) DP= €350,000 + (600/16,700) DP
44. What is the complete reciprocated cost of the Plant Maintenance Department?
A) close to €389,500
B) close to €369,500
C) close to €359,500
D) close to €379,500
46. The only difference between variable and absorption costing is the expensing of:
A) variable manufacturing costs
B) variable marketing costs
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Questions 48-49
Marie’s Decorating produces and sells a mantel clock for €100 per unit. In 20X5, 100,000
clocks were produced and 80,000 were sold. Other information for the year includes:
48. What is the inventoriable cost per unit using variable costing?
A) €32
B) €35
C) €40
D) €60
49. What is the inventoriable cost per unit using absorption costing?
A) €35
B) €75
C) €60
D) €80
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Questions 52-54
Northenscold Company sells several products. Information of average revenue and costs is as
follows:
53. The number of units that Northenscold's must sell each year to break even is:
A) 8,000 units
B) 12,000 units
C) 16,000 units
D) indeterminable
54. The number of units that Northenscold's must sell annually to make a profit of
€144,000 is:
A) 12,000 units
B) 18,000 units
C) 20,000 units
D) 30,000 units
55. Martha Manufacturing produces a single product that sells for €80. Variable costs per
unit equal €32. The company expects total fixed costs to be €72,000 for the next
month at the projected sales level of 2,000 units. In an attempt to improve
performance, management is considering a number of alternative actions.
Suppose that management believes that a 10% reduction in the selling price will result
in a 10% increase in sales. If this proposed reduction in selling price is implemented:
A) operating income will decrease by €8,000
B) operating income will increase by €8,000
C) operating income will decrease by €16,000
D) operating income will increase by €16,000
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58. Assume there is a reduction in the selling price and all other CVP parameters remain
constant. This change will:
A) increase contribution margin
B) reduce fixed costs
C) increase variable costs
D) reduce operating income
59. Which of the following costs always differ among future alternatives?
A) fixed costs
B) historical costs
C) relevant costs
D) variable costs
60. The incremental costs of producing one more unit of product include all of the
following EXCEPT:
A) direct materials
B) direct labor
C) variable overhead costs
D) fixed overhead costs
Questions 61-63
Helmer’s Rockers manufactures two models, Standard and Premium. Weekly demand is
estimated to be 100 units of the Standard Model and 70 units of the Premium Model. The
following per unit data apply:
Standard Premium
Contribution margin per unit €18 €20
Number of machine-hours required 3 4
62. If there are 600 machine-hours available per week, how many rockers of each model
should Jim Helmer produce to maximize profits?
A) 100 units of Standard and 49 units of Premium
B) 72 units of Standard and 70 units of Premium
C) 100 units of Standard and 70 units of Premium
D) 85 units of Standard and 60 units of Premium
63. If there are 496 machine-hours available per week, how many rockers of each model
should Jim Helmer produce to maximize profits?
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Accounting 1.2 ALL VERSIONS EBC1013-1014-1015
Questions 64-66
Welch Manufacturing is approached by a European customer to fulfill a one-time-only
special order for a product similar to one offered to domestic customers. Welch
Manufacturing has excess capacity. The following per unit data apply for sales to regular
customers:
Variable costs:
Direct materials €40
Direct labor €30
Manufacturing support €35
Packaging costs €5
Fixed costs:
Manufacturing support €45
Marketing costs €15
Total costs €170
Markup (50%) €85
Targeted selling price €255
64. What is the contribution margin per unit for sales to regular customers?
A) €85
B) €110
C) €145
D) €255
65. What is the lowest price per unit Welch Manufacturing should ask for this special
order?
A) €170
B) €145
C) €110
D) €255
66. What is the change in operating profits if the one-time-only special order for 1,000
units is accepted for €180 a unit by Welch?
A) €70,000 increase in operating profits
B) €10,000 increase in operating profits
C) €10,000 decrease in operating profits
D) €75,000 decrease in operating profits
Questions 67-68
Barnes Corporation manufactures two models of office chairs, a standard and a deluxe model.
The following activity and cost information has been compiled:
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Accounting 1.2 ALL VERSIONS EBC1013-1014-1015
67. Assume a traditional costing system allocates the €60,000 of overhead costs based on
direct labor hours. What is the total amount of overhead costs assigned to the standard
model?
A) €24,800
B) €35,200
C) €37,500
D) €22,500
68. Number of setups and number of components are identified as activity-cost drivers for
overhead. Assuming an activity-based costing system is used, what is the total amount
of overhead costs allocated to the standard model?
A) €24,800
B) €35,200
C) €37,500
D) €22,500
Questions 72-73
The Gangwere Company has assembled the following data pertaining to certain costs that
cannot be easily identified as either fixed or variable. Gangwere Company has heard about a
method of measuring cost functions called the high-low method and has decided to use it in
this situation.
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73. What is the estimated total cost at an operating level of 2,850 units?
A) €25,692
B) €33,240
C) €32,016
D) €34,736
Questions 74-75
Marguerite, In(C), expects to sell 20,000 pool cues for €12.00 each. Direct materials costs are
€2.00, direct manufacturing labor is €4.00, and manufacturing overhead is €0.80 per pool
cue. The following inventory levels are expected in 2014:
75. What are the 2015 budgeted costs for direct materials, direct manufacturing labor, and
manufacturing overhead, respectively?
A) €0; €96,000; €19,200
B) €39,000; €78,000; €15,600
C) €80,000; €40,000; €16,000
D) €41,000; €82,000; €16,400
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Questions 77-78
JJ White planned to use €82 of material per unit but actually used €80 of material per unit,
and planned to make 1,200 units but actually made 1,000 units.
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PRELIMINARY Answer Key First Sit 2014 Accounting 1.2