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Invers and Rank of Matrix

The document discusses the concepts of inverse matrices, singular and non-singular matrices, and the row and column ranks of matrices. It provides definitions, examples, and theorems related to these topics, including proofs of properties of adjoint matrices. Additionally, it includes questions for finding inverse matrices and reducing matrices to echelon form, along with determining their ranks.

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MD Innal Ali
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93 views2 pages

Invers and Rank of Matrix

The document discusses the concepts of inverse matrices, singular and non-singular matrices, and the row and column ranks of matrices. It provides definitions, examples, and theorems related to these topics, including proofs of properties of adjoint matrices. Additionally, it includes questions for finding inverse matrices and reducing matrices to echelon form, along with determining their ranks.

Uploaded by

MD Innal Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Invers Matrix and Rank of Matrix

Invers Matrix:
Let A and B is two square matrix such that AB  BA  I n ,then B is said to be the inverse of
A and we write B  A1 .Here the matrix B has A as its inverse and we write A  B 1 .
Example:
4 3 1 3 1 0
A and B   AB  BA   I 2 so A  B 1 and B  A1.
1 1 1 4 0 1
Singular Matrix:Let A be any square matrix and if A  0 then A is called singular matrix.
Example:
1 2 
A  is sin gular Matrix .i.t A  0.
2 4
Non-Singular Matrix:Let A be any square matrix and if A  0 then A is called singular
matrix.
Example:
1 5 
A  is non  sin gular Matrix .i.t A  0.
 2 12
Row Rank of matrix: The number of non-zero rows of row-echelon matrix is called row
rank.
1 2 3 
Example: A  0 1 2  ; Row rank  2
 
0 0 0 
Column Rank of matrix: The number of non-zero column of column -echelon matrix is
called column rank.
1 0 0 
Example: A   2 1 0 ; Column rank  2
 
 3 2 0
Rank of Matrix: Row rank and column rank of every matrix be equal. Row rank or
column rank of a matrix is called rank of the matrix.
1 0 0 
Example: A   2 1 0 ; rank  2
 
 3 2 0
Theorem:
1. Proof that adj AB  adjA.adjB. .
n2
2. Proof that adj (adjA)  A A where A is n order square matrix and A  0.
1 1 1
3. Show that ( AB)  B A where Aand B are non sin gular matrix.
4. If A is orthogonal matrix, then show that At and A1 are orthogonal.
Question: Find the inverse matrix following the matrix.
 1 0 1  2 3 4  1 3 4  1 2 4
1 2
(1) A    (2) A   1 1 1  (3) A  4 3 1  (4) A   3 1 6  (5) A   1 1 5 
     
3 4   0 1 0 1 2 4  1 5 1   2 7 3
1 1 1  1 0 2  1 2 3  4 3 3
(6) A   2 1 0  (7) A  2 1 3  (8) A  2 3 4  (9) A   1 0 1
     
1 0 0  4 1 8  1 5 7   4 4 3
Question: Reduce echelon form of following matrix also find out the rank of matrix.
 1 3 5 6  1 2 1 0  1 2 1 2 1
(1) A   4 1 2 4 (2) A   0 2 8 8  (3) A  2 4 1 2 3
   
 2 0 3 1   4 5 9 9  3 6 2 6 5
 2 1 3 4 0 0   1 3 2 
(4) A   1 1 0  (5) A  1 3 1 (6) A   1 2 0 
   
 0 3 3  2 2 5   6 9 3
0 1 3 1  2 2 1 0 1
1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1  
 (9) A   1 1 2 3 1 
(7) A   2 6 3 3 (8) A  
3 1 0 2   1 1 2 0 1
 3 10 6 5    
1 1 2 0  0 0 1 1 1
 3 2 0 1 1 2 3 2 3 
1 2 3 0 2 2 1  
 (12) A  1 3 2 0 4 
(10) A   2 3 4  (11) 
1 2 3 2   3 8 7 2 11
 0 7 10     
0 1 2 1   2 1 9 10 3 
1 2 1 2
2 1 3 2 0 2 0 1 3 2 3 
1 
2
 1 2 2 6 5 2 4 3 1 3 2 0 4 
(13) A   3 2 3 2  (14) A   (15) A  
  8 0 5 10 0 15  3 8 7 2 11
3 3 3 3    
2 6 0 8 4 18  2 1 9 10 3 
 5 3 5 3 

Md.Nurul Alam
Lecturer(Mathematics)
Barishal Engineering College, Barishal

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