TECHNICAL

FEASIBILITY
DR. URUJ FATIMA
MBA 2nd SEM
 MEANING
• Technical feasibility in project management refers to whether a project can
be successfully completed from a technical standpoint. It involves assessing
whether the necessary technology, tools, resources, and expertise are
available or can be acquired to carry out the project. In simpler words, it's
about determining if we have the capability to make the project happen with
the tools and skills we have or can obtain. This evaluation helps project
managers understand if the project's goals can be achieved within the
constraints of available technology and resources. If technical feasibility is
not achievable, it may mean the project needs to be revised or abandoned
altogether.
 PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

• Production technology refers to the methods, techniques, tools,

and processes used to manufacture goods or provide services. It
encompasses all aspects of production, from the design and
planning stages to the actual manufacturing or service delivery.
Production technology aims to optimize efficiency, quality, and
cost-effectiveness in the production process.
 PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

• In manufacturing, production technology includes various

processes such as casting, molding, machining, welding, assembly,
and finishing. It also involves the use of advanced technologies
such as robotics, automation, computer-aided design (CAD),
computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), and additive
manufacturing (3D printing).
 PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

• In service industries, production technology involves

developing efficient processes for delivering services,
managing resources effectively, and enhancing customer
satisfaction. This may include techniques such as
optimization, scheduling, and quality control.
 MATERIALS AND INPUTS

• Materials and inputs refer to the resources required to

carry out a particular process or activity. In project
management and manufacturing, materials and inputs
can include various tangible {machinery, building, land}
and intangible items {goodwill, brand recognition,
intellectual property} necessary to produce goods or
deliver services.
MATERIALS AND INPUT
 MATERIALS AND INPUT
• Tangible Materials: These are physical items used in the production process.
They can include raw materials, components, parts, and supplies. For
example, in manufacturing, tangible materials might include metals, plastics,
chemicals, electronic components, and packaging materials.

• Information and Data: Inputs can also include information and data needed
to complete a task or make decisions. This can include customer
requirements, specifications, instructions, reports, and data from various
sources such as databases, sensors, or surveys.
 MATERIALS AND INPUT
• Human Resources: People are essential inputs in almost every process.
Human resources include the skills, knowledge, expertise, and labour
required to perform tasks. This encompasses employees, contractors,
consultants, and anyone else contributing to the project or process.

• Equipment and Tools: Equipment and tools are necessary inputs for many
processes, particularly in manufacturing and construction. This can include
machinery, tools, vehicles, computers, software, and any other equipment
needed to perform tasks efficiently.
 MATERIALS AND INPUT
• Facilities and Infrastructure: Facilities and infrastructure refer to the physical
spaces and structures required to carry out the process. This can include
factories, offices, laboratories, warehouses, transportation networks, and
utilities such as electricity, water, and internet connectivity.

• Financial Resources: Financial resources are required to fund activities,

purchase materials, pay salaries, and cover other expenses associated with
the project or process. This includes capital, funding, budgets, and financial
instruments such as loans, grants, or investments.
 PLANT CAPACITY
• Plant capacity refers to the maximum amount of goods or services that a
production facility or plant can produce within a given period under normal
operating conditions. It represents the production capability of the plant and is
typically expressed in terms of units produced per time period (e.g., number of
units per day, week, month, or year).

• Understanding plant capacity is essential for production planning, resource

allocation, and meeting customer demand. It helps businesses determine their
capability to fulfil orders, optimize production schedules, and make informed
decisions about expanding or scaling back operations.
 FACTORS AFFECTING PLANT
CAPACITY
• Physical Space: The size and layout of the facility determine the maximum
amount of equipment, machinery, and production lines that can be
accommodated.

• Equipment and Machinery: The type, capacity, and efficiency of equipment

and machinery used in the production process affect the plant's overall
output capability.
• Labour Availability: The availability of skilled labour and workforce capacity
influence the plant's production capacity. Adequate staffing levels and
workforce skills are necessary to operate machinery and carry out
production tasks efficiently.

• Process Efficiency: The efficiency of production processes, including setup

times, changeover times, and downtime, impacts the plant's ability to
produce goods or services within a given timeframe.

• Raw Materials and Inputs: The availability and supply of raw materials,
components, and inputs necessary for production can limit or enable the
plant's capacity to produce goods.
 SITE SELECTION
Site selection is the process of choosing the best location for a new
facility or project. Whether it's a manufacturing plant, a retail store,
an office building, or a distribution centre, selecting the right site is
crucial for the success of the venture. Site selection is the process
of examining multiple options and assessing their relative
advantages and disadvantages. Site selection comes after the needs
assessment is completed. If you select a site before the needs
assessment, you may compromise on key design aspects due to site
limitations.
 IMPORTANCE OF SITE SELECTION

• Impact on Costs: The location of a facility can significantly impact operating

costs. Factors such as land prices, labour costs, taxes, and utility expenses
vary from one location to another. Choosing the right site can help
minimize costs and improve profitability.

• Access to Markets: Proximity to customers and suppliers is essential for

businesses. Selecting a site that provides easy access to target markets and
transportation networks can reduce shipping costs, lead times, and logistical
complexities.
• Labour Availability and Skills: Access to a skilled workforce is vital for many
businesses. Choosing a site with a large pool of qualified workers or proximity to
educational institutions can help ensure a steady supply of talent.

• Regulatory and Legal Considerations: Different regions may have varying

regulatory requirements, zoning laws, and environmental regulations. Selecting a
site that complies with relevant laws and regulations can minimize legal risks and
ensure smooth operations.

• Infrastructure and Utilities: Availability of infrastructure such as roads, ports,

railways, and utilities like electricity, water, and telecommunications is crucial for
business operations. Choosing a site with reliable infrastructure can prevent
disruptions and support business growth.
PLANT LAYOUT
 PLANT LAYOUT

Plant layout is a business structure in which the

resources such as materials, equipment and
workforce are properly placed and organized within
the selected site. It is the planning to ensure that the
available space is utilized to the maximum capacity.
 PLANT LAYOUT

• The goal of plant layout is to create a safe, efficient,

and effective workspace that maximizes
productivity and minimizes waste. Here are some
important aspects of plant layout: Flow of
Materials: The flow of materials is a key
consideration in plant layout.
 IMPORTANCE OF PLANT LAYOUT
• Optimized Workflow: An efficient plant layout ensures that materials, components,
and products flow smoothly through the production process. By minimizing
material handling, reducing transportation distances, and eliminating bottlenecks,
plant layout optimization can enhance workflow efficiency and productivity.

• Maximized Space Utilization: Effective plant layout design makes the best use of
available space within the facility. By organizing machinery, equipment, and
workstations strategically, it allows for optimal space utilization, which can reduce
congestion, improve accessibility, and accommodate future expansions or
modifications.
• Improved Productivity: A well-designed plant layout can lead to increased productivity
by minimizing downtime, reducing cycle times, and optimizing resource utilization. By
streamlining processes and minimizing wasted effort, time, and resources, plant layout
optimization can enhance overall productivity and output.

• Enhanced Safety: Safety is paramount in manufacturing environments, and plant layout

plays a critical role in ensuring a safe working environment for employees. By
incorporating proper spacing, clear pathways, ergonomic workstations, and safety zones,
plant layout design can minimize workplace accidents, injuries, and hazards.

• Reduced Costs: Plant layout optimization can help reduce operating costs by
minimizing material handling expenses, improving energy efficiency, and reducing
labour costs. By streamlining processes, eliminating inefficiencies, and maximizing
resource utilization, plant layout design can contribute to cost savings and improved
profitability.
SITE PREPARATION
 SITE PREPARATION

• Site preparation refers to the process of getting a

piece of land ready for construction or
development. It involves several steps to ensure
that the site is suitable for the intended use and
that construction can proceed smoothly.
 STEPS IN SITE PREPARATION
• 1. Site Assessment
The first step is to assess the site thoroughly. This includes evaluating the soil
composition, drainage patterns, existing structures or vegetation, and potential
environmental impacts. Understanding these factors is essential for making informed
decisions throughout the construction process.

• 2. Clearing and Demolition

If there are existing structures, trees, or debris on the site, they must be either
removed or properly protected. Demolition and clearing activities should be carried
out safely and responsibly, taking care to dispose of materials properly.
• 3. Excavation and Grading
Excavation involves digging and removing soil to achieve the desired site elevation
and shape. Grading ensures a level surface and proper drainage. These processes
often require heavy equipment and skilled operators.

• 4. Soil Stabilization
Depending on the soil type, it may be necessary to stabilize it using techniques such
as compaction, soil reinforcement, or geotechnical engineering methods. This step
ensures that the soil can support the planned structure.

• 5. Utilities and Infrastructure

Utilities such as water, sewer, electricity, and gas need to be installed or connected to
the site. Additionally, access roads and temporary infrastructure may be required for
construction activities.
• 6.Erosion Control and Environmental Compliance
Preventing erosion and sediment runoff is crucial for environmental
protection and regulatory compliance. Installing erosion control measures, like
silt fences and sediment basins, helps mitigate these risks.

• 7. Site Security
Securing the construction site is essential to prevent unauthorized access and
protect equipment and materials from theft and vandalism.
 MANAGERIAL FEASIBILITY

• Managerial feasibility refers to the assessment of whether

a proposed project or business venture can be effectively
managed and operated to achieve its objectives. It
focuses on evaluating the ability of management to
execute the project efficiently, allocate resources
effectively, and overcome potential challenges.
 PROJECT ORGANISATION AND
RESPONSIBILITIES
• Project organization and responsibilities refer to the
structure and allocation of roles and duties within a
project team to ensure effective coordination,
communication, and execution of tasks. Establishing
clear roles and responsibilities helps clarify expectations,
minimize confusion, and maximize productivity
throughout the project lifecycle.
 FRAMEWORK FOR PROJECT
ORGANISATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES
• Project Sponsor: The project sponsor is typically a senior executive or
stakeholder who champions the project and provides overall strategic direction
and support.
• Project Manager: The project manager is responsible for overseeing the planning,
execution, and completion of the project within scope, schedule, and budget
constraints.
• Project Team Members: The project team consists of individuals with specific
skills and expertise required to execute various aspects of the project.
• Stakeholders: Stakeholders are individuals or groups who have a vested interest
in the project's outcome and may be impacted by its success or failure.
 DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRAMME EVALUATION
& REVIEW TECHNIQUE
(PERT)
• The Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) was
developed in the late 1950s by the U.S. Navy as part of the Polaris
missile submarine program. PERT was created to address the unique
challenges of managing complex, large-scale projects with uncertain
durations and interdependent activities. Program Evaluation and
Review Technique (PERT) is a method used to examine the tasks in a
schedule and determine a Critical Path Method variation (CPM). It
analyses the time required to complete each task and its associated
dependencies to determine the minimum time to complete a project.
 BENEFITS OF PERT
• Improved Planning Accuracy: PERT allows project managers to account for
uncertainty by using probabilistic estimates of activity durations. By considering
optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely scenarios, PERT provides a more realistic
assessment of project timelines, leading to improved planning accuracy.

• Risk Identification and Mitigation: Through the analysis of activity durations

and probabilities, PERT helps identify potential risks and uncertainties that may
impact project schedules. This enables project managers to proactively mitigate
risks by allocating resources, adjusting priorities, or developing contingency plans.
• Optimized Resource Allocation: PERT facilitates the identification of critical activities and the
determination of the critical path—the longest sequence of dependent activities that determines the
minimum duration of the project. By focusing resources on critical tasks, project managers can
optimize resource allocation and minimize delays.

• Enhanced Communication and Coordination: PERT uses network diagrams to visually

represent the sequence of activities and their dependencies in a project. These diagrams facilitate
communication and coordination among project team members by providing a clear overview of
the project structure and timeline.

• Flexible Scheduling: PERT allows for flexibility in scheduling by accommodating changes and
uncertainties in project timelines. Project managers can adjust activity durations, priorities, and
resource allocations based on evolving project requirements and constraints without compromising
overall project objectives.