Page 1: Introduction
Personal finance revolves around saving, budgeting, and investing to achieve one’s financial goals. Mastering these basics provides security
and freedom to pursue life ambitions.
Page 2: Budgeting
1.
Income vs. Expenses
Track monthly cash flow: salary or freelance earnings vs. bills, groceries, etc.
2.
The 50/30/20 Rule
50% on needs, 30% on wants, 20% on savings/debt repayment.
3.
Emergency Funds
Aim for 3–6 months’ expenses to cover unexpected events.
Page 3: Saving and Debt Management
High-Interest Debts
Pay these off first to reduce overall interest costs.
Automated Savings
Schedule automatic transfers to a separate savings account.
Credit Card Discipline
Responsible usage avoids mounting balances and interest fees.
Page 4: Introduction to Investing
Stocks
Shares in companies; higher risk, potentially higher returns.
Bonds
Fixed-income securities, typically safer but lower yields.
Mutual Funds / ETFs
Pool money from many investors to hold a basket of assets. Good for diversification.
Real Estate
Can generate rental income or appreciate in value, but requires substantial capital.
Page 5: Long-Term Planning
1.
Retirement Accounts
401(k) or IRA in the U.S. (or equivalents in other countries). Employer matches can be a huge perk.
2.
Insurance
Health, life, disability insurance can safeguard against catastrophic costs.
3.
Estate Planning
Wills, trusts, or designated beneficiaries ensure assets are distributed as intended.
4.
Continual Learning
Evolving financial markets call for periodic review of your portfolio and budget.
Conclusion:
Managing personal finance involves setting realistic goals, consistently following a budget, and carefully choosing investments. While
challenges may arise, a disciplined approach can lead to financial stability and the freedom to enjoy life’s opportunities.