100 SQL Queries with Examples

1. CREATE DATABASE school;

2. CREATE TABLE students (id INT, name VARCHAR(50), age INT);

3. ALTER TABLE students ADD grade CHAR(1);

4. ALTER TABLE students DROP COLUMN grade;

5. DROP TABLE students;

6. TRUNCATE TABLE students;

7. RENAME TABLE students TO pupils;

8. CREATE TABLE courses (course_id INT PRIMARY KEY, title VARCHAR(100));

9. ALTER TABLE courses MODIFY title VARCHAR(200);

10. CREATE TABLE enrollments (student_id INT, course_id INT, PRIMARY KEY(student_id, course_id));

11. INSERT INTO students (id, name, age) VALUES (1, 'Alice', 20);

12. INSERT INTO students (id, name, age) VALUES (2, 'Bob', 22);

13. UPDATE students SET age = 21 WHERE id = 1;

14. DELETE FROM students WHERE id = 2;

15. INSERT INTO courses VALUES (101, 'Mathematics');

16. INSERT INTO enrollments VALUES (1, 101);

17. UPDATE courses SET title = 'Advanced Mathematics' WHERE course_id = 101;

18. DELETE FROM enrollments WHERE student_id = 1;

19. INSERT INTO students VALUES (3, 'Charlie', 23);

20. UPDATE students SET name = 'Alice Smith' WHERE id = 1;

21. SELECT * FROM students;

22. SELECT name FROM students;

23. SELECT id, name FROM students WHERE age > 20;

24. SELECT COUNT(*) FROM students;

25. SELECT AVG(age) FROM students;

27. SELECT MIN(age) FROM students;

28. SELECT DISTINCT age FROM students;

29. SELECT * FROM students ORDER BY age DESC;

30. SELECT * FROM students WHERE name LIKE 'A%';

31. SELECT s.name, c.title FROM students s JOIN enrollments e ON s.id = e.student_id JOIN courses c ON

e.course_id = c.course_id;

32. SELECT s.name, c.title FROM students s LEFT JOIN enrollments e ON s.id = e.student_id LEFT JOIN courses c

ON e.course_id = c.course_id;

33. SELECT s.name FROM students s WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM enrollments e WHERE s.id =

e.student_id);

34. SELECT s.name FROM students s, enrollments e WHERE s.id = e.student_id;

35. SELECT s.name, c.title FROM students s RIGHT JOIN enrollments e ON s.id = e.student_id RIGHT JOIN courses c

ON e.course_id = c.course_id;

36. SELECT age, COUNT(*) FROM students GROUP BY age;

37. SELECT age, COUNT(*) FROM students GROUP BY age HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;

38. SELECT course_id, COUNT(student_id) FROM enrollments GROUP BY course_id;

39. SELECT course_id, COUNT(*) AS enrollments FROM enrollments GROUP BY course_id HAVING enrollments > 0;

40. SELECT name, age FROM students WHERE age IN (SELECT age FROM students GROUP BY age HAVING

COUNT(*) > 1);

41. SELECT name FROM students WHERE age = (SELECT MAX(age) FROM students);

42. SELECT name FROM students WHERE id IN (SELECT student_id FROM enrollments);

43. SELECT * FROM students WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM enrollments WHERE students.id =

enrollments.student_id);

44. SELECT course_id FROM enrollments WHERE student_id = (SELECT id FROM students WHERE name = 'Alice');

45. SELECT name FROM students WHERE age > ALL (SELECT age FROM students WHERE age < 22);

46. SELECT name FROM students UNION SELECT title FROM courses;
47. SELECT name FROM students INTERSECT SELECT title FROM courses;

48. SELECT name FROM students EXCEPT SELECT title FROM courses;

49. SELECT id FROM students UNION ALL SELECT student_id FROM enrollments;

50. SELECT name FROM students WHERE age > 21 UNION SELECT name FROM students WHERE age < 19;

51. CREATE VIEW young_students AS SELECT * FROM students WHERE age < 22;

52. SELECT * FROM young_students;

53. DROP VIEW young_students;

54. CREATE VIEW course_summary AS SELECT course_id, COUNT(*) AS total FROM enrollments GROUP BY

course_id;

55. SELECT * FROM course_summary;

56. CREATE INDEX idx_age ON students(age);

57. DROP INDEX idx_age;

58. CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx_name ON students(name);

59. SHOW INDEX FROM students;

60. CREATE INDEX idx_course_id ON enrollments(course_id);

61. CREATE TABLE teachers (id INT PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(50), subject VARCHAR(50));

62. ALTER TABLE teachers ADD CONSTRAINT unique_name UNIQUE(name);

63. ALTER TABLE students ADD CONSTRAINT fk_id FOREIGN KEY(id) REFERENCES teachers(id);

64. ALTER TABLE teachers DROP CONSTRAINT unique_name;

65. CREATE TABLE admins (id INT CHECK (id > 0), name VARCHAR(100));

66. START TRANSACTION;

67. UPDATE students SET age = age + 1;

68. SAVEPOINT before_update;

69. ROLLBACK TO before_update;

70. COMMIT;

71. SELECT UPPER(name) FROM students;

72. SELECT LOWER(name) FROM students;

74. SELECT CONCAT(name, ' - Student') FROM students;

75. SELECT SUBSTRING(name, 1, 3) FROM students;

76. SELECT CURRENT_DATE;

77. SELECT CURRENT_TIME;

78. SELECT NOW();

79. SELECT DATEDIFF(NOW(), '2023-01-01');

80. SELECT DATE_FORMAT(NOW(), '%Y-%m-%d');

81. SELECT SUM(age) FROM students;

82. SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT age) FROM students;

83. SELECT ROUND(AVG(age), 2) FROM students;

84. SELECT VARIANCE(age) FROM students;

85. SELECT STDDEV(age) FROM students;

86. SELECT name, CASE WHEN age < 21 THEN 'Teen' ELSE 'Adult' END AS category FROM students;

87. SELECT name, IF(age > 22, 'Senior', 'Junior') AS status FROM students;

88. SELECT name, COALESCE(NULL, 'Unknown', name) FROM students;

89. SELECT name FROM students WHERE age BETWEEN 20 AND 25;

90. SELECT name FROM students WHERE age IS NOT NULL;

91. SELECT * FROM students LIMIT 5;

92. SELECT * FROM students OFFSET 3;

93. SELECT * FROM students LIMIT 3 OFFSET 2;

94. SELECT * FROM students WHERE age IN (20, 21, 22);

95. SELECT * FROM students WHERE name NOT LIKE '%a%';

96. GRANT SELECT ON students TO 'user1';

97. REVOKE SELECT ON students FROM 'user1';

98. SELECT name AS student_name FROM students;

99. SELECT s.name, c.title FROM students s JOIN enrollments e ON s.id = e.student_id JOIN courses c ON
e.course_id = c.course_id;

100. SELECT COUNT(*) AS total_students FROM students;