Q...
2 Wrtte shor1 answers the fo owlng quesHons
I. GiveImportant choractedsflcs of compu
•rs. Answef
The following ore some of the main characteristics of computers:
[Link]
Speed is oneof the main characteristic of a computer.A computer can perform
billions of colcukltionsin a [Link] speed of a computer is measuredin Mego
Hertz !MHz) OJ Gega Hertz (GHz)
2. Accuracy
Computa<s con petform operations and JYOCOU doto foster but with
occuroteresults ond no e«ors Resutts con be wrong ontv if incorrect doto isled to the
computer or a bug moy be t he cause of on error
3. Storing Data
Storage capacity is another big chorocteristic at o computer.A computer con
store large amount of data. This data conbe used at any time and from any
[Link] storage capadty of o compute< s meOS\Jred in megabyte (MB). gego
byte (GB!.tero byte (TB).
4. Versati ity
Computer is o 'Versotae [Link] ae usedin various fields. They ore used
i.n schocls ooo colieges,at [Link] govemment orgor\izations and al heme lor
entertainment ond wak purposes
[Link]
Computers hovelhe ability to [Link] of couf"SS there needs some
sort of connection (either Wifed OJ Wretes.s connection}. Two computers con be
connected to send or'Ki rece ve dolo SpeciolsoftwOtes ate used for text ond video
[Link] ond fomity con connect over theInternet ond shore files. photos ond
videos Online
6. Muttftosldng
Multitaskingis olso o computer chorocteristic Computeis con perform
severaltosks ot o [Link] example you conlisten to songs download movies,and
prepareworddocuments all ot the some time
7. NoIntell gence
Computers do not hove onyintelligence of their [Link] follow o set of
instructions fedinto them by [Link]. The usec knows what to do and when
to perfO«l"I a specific tosk.
IJ. Compare microcomputer with mainframe
computer. Answ er
Compar .son of microcomputer wlth ma nframe computer:
Microcomputer Ma nframe computer
A mcrocomputer s o computer Mointrame computers ore
whose CPU is o microproce)'SO(.A designed to handle huge volumes
mictoprocessor is a processor or data [Link]$e con
whose all components are on support more than hundred users
singJe at some [Link] vety k:irgeond
integratedcircuit [Link] ore expensive computers hove great
normally single-microprocessor processing speeds ond very large
single· user systems designed ror storage copocity and memOf'Y as
performing basic op9'otions like compared to minicomputers.
educational [Link] These computers evenpossess
busineS'S applications, andwort. with more thanone
ployinggames etc. plocessor ot the same
[Link],one consay these ore
[Link]
For mcintrcme computers very sophis-
ticoled cpefoting systems ore
needed to control end svpervise the r
opecation.
iii. Give few opplicotlon oreos of
supercomputers. Answer
Applications ol supe..computers
1. Supe'fcompulets ae olso usedinnucl&Of feSOOfCh andweolhef
f0<ecosting,which requires hvgeomovntof colcvlotions to be performed of
high speed.
2. In [Link] are usedin many organizations,ike Alom c Energy
ReseOl'ch Centfe
Iv. Nome few orgonl10Kons of Pol<Jston where Supet"computers ore use<:!.
Answer
Folowing are the names of few orgonizotions of Pakistan where Supercomputers ore
used:
I. PakistanAtomic Energy
Commission [Link]'luto Reseorch
oborotories [Link]-e-A?om
Univooily
[Link] borcode system worksIn o shopp ng mall?
Ans·wer
In barcode system,borcodes contininformation about the product like nome
of the product, company, manufac turing date,expi'y dote,[Link] informolionis
provided lo the computer for further processing ke generating bills at checkouts in
shopping molls
vi. Differentiate between computer hardware ond software.
Answef
Difference between computer hardware and software:
Compu-ter Hardware Computer Software
Definition of Physical devices used set of instruct ons
to store and execute thot enable user to
various softwares. inleroct withthe
[Link] enoblas
the comi:>vter to
perform a specific
tosk.
Examples of [Link]. Microsoft word.
[Link]-ROM,Pen. Microsoft Excel
Drives. Printer. Acrobat Readers.
Scanners, Modem,etc. Window XP,
etc.
Types of Input devices, System softwofe.
output devices. Progrommingsoftware
staoge andapplication
devices,processing softwore.
devices and COf"lirot
devices.
Function of Hardware octs cs the Software is used
delivery system for to perform the
task.
software specific Although software is
sOlutions. Once generally not needed
installed, hardware to be amended on
isnot reQuired to be doy to day basis,but
changedon day doto is regulOtly feed
to day basis. for certain software.
New vers ons ore
released for
software withthe
passage time.
Rellabl ty of Hardware ore reliab!e Software need
and no bugs ore constant testing and
vsually noticed anv deficiencies I
initslife time. bugs noticed ore to
be fixed with the
POs:sC>Q0 of tirle.
Chance of FoUufe Hardware toi!ureis Softw0te failure s
[Link] the [Link] the
hardware possoge of time and
becomes older,the fixing of
chance of foi [Link] hove
reincreases lesser Chances of
foiture.
vii. Differentiate between system software and application
sottwore. Answef
Difference between system software and appllcoHon software :
