Scribd
Upload
254 views4 pages

Detailed Step-By-step Example Calculation Tailored

This document provides a detailed step-by-step calculation for designing a Pelton turbine based on specific parameters such as flow rate, net head, and desired runner speed. Key calculations include hydraulic power output, jet velocity, jet diameter, runner diameter, and number of buckets, resulting in a summary of design parameters. The design emphasizes the need for optimization and potential adjustments for efficiency.

Uploaded by

Jerald Lalman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
254 views4 pages

Detailed Step-By-step Example Calculation Tailored

This document provides a detailed step-by-step calculation for designing a Pelton turbine based on specific parameters such as flow rate, net head, and desired runner speed. Key calculations include hydraulic power output, jet velocity, jet diameter, runner diameter, and number of buckets, resulting in a summary of design parameters. The design emphasizes the need for optimization and potential adjustments for efficiency.

Uploaded by

Jerald Lalman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

detailed step-by-step example calculation

tailored to specific parameters like flow


rate, head, and desired speed.
Here is a detailed step-by-step example calculation for a Pelton turbine hydraulic design
based on specific parameters: flow rate, net head, and desired runner speed.

Given Parameters:

 Flow rate, $ Q = 0.5 , \mathrm{m}^3/\mathrm{s} $

 Net head, $ H = 80 , \mathrm{m} $

 Desired runner speed, $ N = 600 , \mathrm{rpm} $

 Overall efficiency, $ \eta = 0.85 $

 Velocity coefficient, $ C_v = 0.98 $ (typical)

Step 1: Calculate Hydraulic Power Output

P=η× ρ × g ×Q × H

Where:

 $ \rho = 1000 , \mathrm{kg/m}^3 $ (water density)

 $ g = 9.81 , \mathrm{m/s}^2 $

P=0.85× 1000 ×9.81 ×0.5 × 80=333 , 870 W =334 kW

Step 2: Calculate Jet Velocity

V j=C v × √ 2 g H
V j=0.98 × √ 2 ×9.81 ×80=0.98 ×39.6=38.8 m/s

Step 3: Calculate Jet Diameter

Using the continuity equation:

π
Q= d 2j V j ⟹ d j=
4 √
4Q
πV j

d j=
√ 4 × 0.5
π ×38.8
=
√ 2
121.8
=√ 0.0164=0.128 m

Step 4: Determine Runner Periphery Speed

Optimal peripheral speed $ u $ is about 46% of jet velocity for a Pelton turbine:

u=0.46 ×V j=0.46 ×38.8=17.85 m/s

Step 5: Calculate Runner Diameter

Using:

π DN 60u
u= ⟹ D=
60 πN

60 ×17.85 1071
D= = =0.57 m
π ×600 1885

Step 6: Calculate Jet Ratio $ m $

D 0.57
m= = =4.45
d j 0.128
(Note: Typical jet ratios are between 11 and 15. This suggests you may need to adjust
runner diameter or jet diameter for optimal efficiency or consider multiple jets.)

Step 7: Calculate Number of Buckets

Using the empirical formula:

D 0.57
Z=15+ =15+ =15+2.23=17.23 ≈17 buckets
2dj 2× 0.128

Step 8: Estimate Bucket Dimensions

 Bucket width $ b \approx 3 \times d_j = 3 \times 0.128 = 0.384 , \mathrm{m} $

 Bucket depth $ h \approx 1.2 \times d_j = 1.2 \times 0.128 = 0.154 , \mathrm{m} $

Summary Table

Parameter Value

Flow rate Q 0.5 m³/s

Net head H 80 m

Efficiency η 85%

Jet velocity Vj 38.8 m/s

Jet diameter dj 0.128 m

Runner speed N 600 rpm

Runner diameter D 0.57 m

Jet ratio m 4.45

Number of buckets Z 17
Bucket width b 0.384 m

Bucket depth h 0.154 m

Notes:

 The jet ratio is lower than typical recommendations, meaning to improve efficiency
you might consider increasing the runner diameter or splitting flow into multiple
jets.

 The design can be optimized further using hydraulic testing or computational fluid
dynamics (CFD).

 Detailed mechanical design (e.g., bucket shape, material) and structural


considerations should follow these hydraulic calculations.

This detailed calculation shows how to size a Pelton turbine runner and jet for specified
flow, head, and speed, balancing efficiency and practical design considerations. Let me
know if you'd like further assistance on any of these steps!

You might also like