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Cysts

A cyst is a fluid-filled sac that can be classified as true or false based on its epithelial lining. Cysts can be congenital or acquired, with various types including retention, implantation, and neoplastic cysts, and they may lead to complications such as torsion, hemorrhage, and infection. Treatment options include excision, marsupialization, and drainage.

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9 views1 page

Cysts

A cyst is a fluid-filled sac that can be classified as true or false based on its epithelial lining. Cysts can be congenital or acquired, with various types including retention, implantation, and neoplastic cysts, and they may lead to complications such as torsion, hemorrhage, and infection. Treatment options include excision, marsupialization, and drainage.

Uploaded by

Kaung Khant
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

General Surgery Eindra

CYSTS
Definition

 A cyst is a pthological fluid-filled sac bounded by a wall


 A true cyst is one in which the sac is lined with cells of epithelial origin
 A false cyst is a walled-off collection not lined by epithelium
It is usually result of exudation or degeneration ( eg: Pseudocyst of Pancreas, cystic
degeneration of tumor )

CLASSIFICATION
Congenital
1. Persistence of normal vestigial remnants ( eg: Thyroglossal, brachial & urachal cyst )
2. Ectopia of various tissues ( eg: sequestration dermoid, angular dermoid )
3. Failure of connection of tubular elements ( eg: Polycystic kidney )
4. Hamartomas ( eg: Cystic hygroma, lymphatic cysts )

Acquired
1. Retension cysts Eg : mucous cysts of mouth
2. Implantation cysts Eg : implanation of dermoid
3. Hyperplastic cysts Eg : mammary dysplasia
4. Degenerative cysts Eg : uterine leiomyoma
5. Traumatic cysts Eg : haematogenous cysts
6. Neoplastic cysts Eg : cyst adenoma & cystic teratoma
7. Parasitic cysts Eg : Hydatid cyst, Trichiniasis

COMPLICATIONS
T - Torsion
H - Hemorrhage
I - Infection
N - Necrosis
R - Rupture
I - Impaction
M - Malignant transformation

CLINICAL FEATURES
 Swelling with smooth & spherical appearance
 Pain ( when infection, rupture, hemorrhage + )
 Fluctuant test & Transillmination test positive ( if containts clear fluid )
 Deeper cysts – require USG, CT, MRI for Dx

TREATMENT
 Excision
 Marsupialization ( Deroofing & suture )
 Drainage

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