VMware vSphere
Agenda
Introduction to VMware Virtualization
VMware vCenter Server
Configure and Manage Virtual Networks
Virtual Machine Management
VMware Business Continuity
DRS
vSphere HA
Fault tolerance
Hypervisor
Hypervisor is computer software that enables you to host multiple (VMs).
Type 1 Hypervisor (Bare-Metal Hypervisor): Type 2 Hypervisor (Hosted Hypervisor):
VMware vSphere/ESXi, Oracle VirtualBox,
Microsoft Hyper-V VMware Workstation
Traditional Datacenter
Domain Organizational Unit Server Exchange
Organization
Site NTDS s ite settings Mailb ox Sto re IMAP Virtual Server
Windows Server 2019 Windows Server 2019 Redhat SUSE
Traditional Datacenter
Physical Servers
Virtual Servers
VM1 VM2 VM3 VM4 VM5 VM6 VM7 VM8
vSphere Distributed Switch
vSphere Host vSphere Host vSphere Host vSphere Host
Virtual Servers
Benefits of Using Virtual Machines
Physical Machines Virtual Machines
Physical Resource Sharing
Multiple virtual machines, running on a physical
host, share the compute, memory, network, and
storage resources of the host.
Virtual
Resources
vSphere
x64
Architecture
Physical
Resources
VMware Virtualization Technology Types
vSphere Components
The two core components of vSphere are VMware ESXi and VMware vCenter Server.
ESXi is the hypervisor on which you create and run virtual machines.
vCenter Server is a service that acts as a central administrator for ESXi hosts
With vCenter Server, you can pool and manage the resources of multiple hosts. vCenter Server allows
you to monitor and manage your physical and virtual infrastructure.
ESXI
vCenter Server
• vCenter is a software that allows you to:
• manage your VMware vSphere
infrastructure from a single location.
• It can help you to perform tasks such as
creating and managing virtual
machines, monitoring their
performance, and configuring high
availability and fault tolerance features.
vCenter Server
VMware Appliance Management Interface
https://192.168.100.110:5480
Datastores
• A datastore is a logical storage used to hold VM files,
VM templates, and ISO images.
o Local storage
o Shared storage provides the following features:
✓ vSphere vMotion
✓ vSphere HA
✓ vSphere DRS
Virtual Switches
• vSphere standard Switch default switch
• vSphere Distributed Switch provides centralized management
You set up a distributed switch on a vCenter Server system
Virtual Switch Connections Types
Types of vMkernel Services
From ESXI From vCenter
VM Cloning
VM Template
A template is a master copy of a virtual machine.
You use templates to create and provision new VMs.
VM Snapshots
For example, if problems occur during the patching or upgrading
process, you can stop the process and revert to the previous state
Managing Snapshots
you can view snapshots for the active VM and take edit, delete, and revert to actions.
VM Migration Type
Migration means moving a VM from one host, datastore, or vCenter Server instance to another
• Depending on the power state of the VM that you migrate, migration can be cold or hot:
• Cold migration involves moving a powered-off or suspended VM to a new host.
• Hot migration involves moving a powered-on VM to a new host.
VM Migration
vSphere vMotion
A vSphere vMotion migration moves a powered-on VM from one host to another.
Enabling vSphere vMotion
You must configure a VMkernel port with the vSphere vMotion service enabled on the source and
destination host
Hand on Lab
https://hol.vmware.com/
vSphere Cluster
• A Cluster is a Group of hosts
• You can create one or more clusters based
on the purpose each cluster must fulfil
VMware Business
Continuity
If your business relies on virtual infrastructure, it's important
to have a plan in place to minimize downtime and avoid data
loss. VMware offers several solutions, including High
Availability (HA), Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS), and
Fault Tolerance (FT).
vSphere HA
• HA monitors virtual machines and can automatically restart them on other hosts in case of host failure
vSphere HA Settings
Communication
vSphere HA Scenario: Datastore Accessibility Failures
vSphere HA can detect datastore accessibility failures and provide automated recovery for affected VMs.
•All paths down (APD):
• Recoverable.
•Permanent device loss (PDL):
• Unrecoverable loss of accessibility.
• datastore is no longer accessible by the host
Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS)
load balancing for virtual machines across a cluster of ESXi hosts.
DRS monitors resource usage (CPU, memory, storage) on each host
Automation Level
Recommendations
vSphere DRS Settings: VM Affinity
VMs be placed either on the same host
(affinity) or on separate hosts (anti-affinity):
vSphere Fault Tolerance ( FT )
• Zero downtime
• Zero data loss
• No loss of VM network connectivity
Fault Tolerance (FT)
Real-time replication Use cases
FT creates an exact copy of a VM FT is ideal for mission-critical
on a secondary host in real time, applications that cannot tolerate
providing continuous availability any downtime.
in case of a failure.
vSphere Fault Tolerance with vSphere HA
➢ vSphere HA
• Is required for vSphere Fault Tolerance
• Restarts failed VMs
➢ vSphere DRS:
• Selects which hosts run the primary and secondary VM, when a VM is powered on
Enabling vSphere Fault Tolerance on a VM
Difference between HA & DRS & FT
HA DRS FT
Level Host Host VM
Mission Protect VM Load Balance Protect VM
Configured from Cluster Cluster VM
Downtime Downtime No downtime Zero downtime
Migration only
