980.

Currents flowing through two conductors of

(F) Heating Effect of Current equal resistance produce 9 times more heat in
(Energy, Power) first conductor compared to the second one.
The ratio of currents flowing through the first
978. Two identical heater filaments are connected and second conductors is
first in parallel and then in series. At the same (a) 1 : 3 (b) 3 : 1
applied voltage, the ratio of heat produced in (c) 1 : 9 (d) 9 : 1
same time for parallel to series will be: AP EAMCET-11.07.2022, Shift-I
(a) 4 : 1 (b) 2 : 1 Ans. (a) : Given,
(c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 4 Heat produce in 2nd conductor = 9 × Heat produce in 1st
JEE Main-11.04.2023, Shift-I conductor
Ans. (a) : When heater filament are connected in Q2 = 9Q1
parallel, We know that,
Heat produced through conductor
V2 (Q) = I2R
HP = t
RP ∴ Q ∝ I2
V2 I1 Q1 Q1
HP = t Now, the ratio of current flowing = =
R I2 Q2 9Q1
2 I1 1
=
2V 2 I2 3
HP = t .....(i)
R 981.An electric bulb is connected to a 220V
When heater filament are connected in series, generator. The current drawn is 600mA. What
V2 is the power of the bulb?
HS = t (a) 132 W (b) 13٠2 W
RS
(c) 1320 W (d) 13200 W
V2 UPSC NDA-04.09.2022
HS = t .....(ii)
2R Ans. (a) : Given,
On dividing equation (i) by (ii), we get– Voltage (V) = 220 Volt
H P 2V 2 t × 2R Current (i) = 600 mA = 0.6 A
= We know that,
HS R × V 2 × t
Power (P) = Voltage × Current
HP 4 P = 220 × 0.6
= or 4 :1
HS 1 P = 132 W
979.Ratio of thermal energy released in two resistors 982. A heater of 9Ω resistance is connected to 30 V
R and 3R connected in parallel in an electric DC supply for 1 minute. Energy produced by
circuit is: the heater is
(a) 1 : 3 (b) 3 : 1 (a) 100 J (b) 270 J
(c) 600 J (d) 6000 J
(c) 1 : 1 (d) 1 : 27
Tripura-27.04.2022
JEE Main-29.01.2023, Shift-I
Ans. (d) : Given that,
Ans. (b) : Since, the potential difference are same and
R = 9Ω, V = 30 V, T = 60 sec
resistance are in parallel.
We know that, Ohm's law –
V2 V = IR
Q H= ×t
R V
2 2 I=
V V R
H1 = t & H2 = t
R 3R 30 10
I= = A]
Now, the ratio of thermal energy– 9 3
V t2 Using the formula,
H1 V 2 t × 3R H = I2RT
= R2 = 2 10 10
H2 V t V t×R H= × × 9 × 60
3R 3 3
H1 3 H = 100 × 60 = 6000 J
=
H2 1 983. The power of two electric bulbs age P1 and P2
respectively. If they are connected in series,
H1 : H2 = 3 : 1
then power of the combination will be
Current Electricity 250 YCT
 (a) P1 + P2 (b) P1P2 1 1 1
= +
2
P +P 2
P1P2 R eq R 1 R 2
(c) 1 2
(d) R 1R 2
P1P2 P1 + P2 R eq =
Tripura-27.04.2022 R1 + R 2
Ans. (d) : According to question, power of two electric On putting the value R2 in above equation,
bulb P1 and P2. 3
R eq = R 1
We know that, 4
V2 To produce same heat,
Power, (P) =
R V2 V2
Qo = × 20 = ×t
V2 V2 R1 3R 1
So, P1 = ⇒ R1 = 4
R1 P1
4
V2 V2 20 = t
Similarly, P1 = ⇒ R2 = 3
R2 P2 t = 15 min
These two bulb connected in series their resistance will 985.A direct current of 4 A and an alternating
be in series and power consumption, current of peak value flow through resistance
V2 of 3Ω and 2Ω respectively. The ratio of heat
P= produced in the two resistances in same
R1 + R 2 interval of time will be:
V2 (a) 3 : 2 (b) 3 : 1
P= (c) 3 : 4 (d) 4 : 3
1 1
V2  +  JEE Main-27.07.2022, Shift-I
 P1 P2  Ans. (b) : Given,
1 Current(i) = 4A
P= R1= 3Ω ,R2 = 2Ω
P1 + P2
P1P2
PP
P= 1 2 We know that,
P1 + P2
Heat produced (H) = i2Rt
984.Two coils require 20 minutes and 60 minutes For DC supply,
respectively to produce same amount of heat
energy when connected separately to the same H 1 = i12 R1 t
source. If they are connected in parallel H1 = (4)2 × 3 × t
arrangement to the same source; the time H1 = 48t
required to produce same amount of heat by For AC supply,
the combination of coils, will be –– min. H 2 = i rms
2
R2t
JEE Main-29.06.2022, Shift-I 2
Ans. (15) : Given,  io   io 
H2 =  R2t Q i rms = 
Time, t1= 20 minutes  2  2
t2 = 60 minutes 2
We know that,  4 
H2 =  × 2t
dQ 2  2
=i R H2 = 16t
dt
H1 48t 3
V2 ∴ = =
= H 2 16t 1
R
H1 : H2 = 3 : 1
⇒ In 't' time,
The ratio of heat produced in the two resistances in
 V2  same interval of time will be 3 :1.
∆Q =  × t
 R  986.A bulb of power 660 W radiates uniformly in all
According to questions, directions. The pressure exerted by the
radiation on the surface at a distance of 5 m is
V2 V2 (a) 5 × 10–8 Pa (b) 2 × 10–9 Pa
Qo = × 20 = × 60
R1 R2 3
(c) 7 × 10–9 Pa (d) × 10−8 Pa
R2 = 3R1 π
If they are connected in parallel then AP EAMCET-07.07.2022, Shift-I
Current Electricity 251 YCT
Ans. (c) : Given, 1 2
Power, P = 660W (a) I 2P R cos θ (b)IP R
2
Distance = 5m 4 2 1
By using formula- (c) IP R (d) I 2P R
π π
P
Pressure of radiation, Pr = AP EAMCET-25.09.2020, Shift-II
4πr 2 C
Ans. (b) :
660 Resistance = R
Pr =
4 × 3.14 × 25 × 3 × 108 m
Peak current (IP) = 2 I rms
= 7×10–9 Pa
987. Peak voltage (VP) = 2 Vrms
Power = Vrms × Irms
V I
= P× P
2 2
1
= ( I P )( I P ) R [ Q V P = I PR ]
2
In the above circuit, the heat produced in 5Ω
resistance is 10 calories per second. The heat 1
P = I 2P R
produced in 4Ω resistance is 2
(a) 1 cal/sec. (b) 2 cal/sec. 989. Two resistances A (24 Ω) and B ( 6Ω) are
(c) 3 cal/sec. (d) 4 cal/sec. connected in series to a d.c. supply. The ratio of
CG PET-2021 heat generated WA : WBWill be
Ans. (b) : (a) 1 : 16 (b) 16 : 1
(c) 4 : 1 (d) 1 : 4
Tripura-2020
SRMJEEE - 2009
Ans. (c) : We know that,
Heat generation = I2Rt
For resistance A,
We know that - Heat generation in A(WA) = I12 ×24 × t
H = I2 Rt For resistance B,
H 2 Heat generation in B(WB) = I22 × 6 × t
=I R ....(i) I1 = I2 because both are in series.
t
The ratios of WA and WB is–
For 5Ω
(H/t) = 10 cal/sec WA I12 × 24 × t
= 2
∴ From (i) - WB I2 × 6 × t
10 = I1 × 5
2
WA 4
=
I1 = 2A WB 1
Now, WA : WB = 4 : 1
V1 = V2 990. A bulb of 100 W rating is connected with 220 V
I1R1 = I2R2 supply. The resistance of bulb is _____.
5I1 = I2 (4 + 6) (a) 484 Ω (b) 484 Ω m-1
5I1 = 10 I2 (c) 2.2 Ω (d) 2.2 × 10-3 Ω m-1
I 2 1 GUJCET 18.04.2022
I2 = 1 = = A GUJCET 2020
2 2 2
VITEEE-2011
Hence, heat in 4Ω resistance per second - Ans. (a) : Given,
( H / t ) = I22 R P = 100 W
2 V = 220 V
 1 
=  × 4 The resistance of the bulb,
 2
V2
= 2 cal / second R=
P
988. The power dissipated by a resistance R,
carrying a sinusoidal AC current of peak value 220 × 220
= = 484Ω
IP is_____ 100
Current Electricity 252 YCT
991. An electric current of 2 A passes through a 994. A circular wire has current density
wire of resistance 25Ω. How much heat will be  A 
generated in 1 min? J =  2 ×1010 2  r 2 , where r is the radial
(a) 6×103 J (b) 3.6×103 J  m 
(c) 0.6×103 J 3
(d) 0.36×10 J distance, out of the wire radius is 2 mm. The
end-to-end potential applied to the wire is 50 V.
Manipal UGET -2020
How much energy (in joule) is converted to
CG PET- 2014 thermal energy in 100s?
Ans. (a) : Given, (a) 1200 π (b) 800 π
Current through the wire (I) = 2A
(c) 3200 π (d) 600 π
Resistance of the wire (R) = 25 Ω
TS-EAMCET-09.09.2020, Shift-1
Time = 1 min = 60 sec
We know that,  A 
Ans. (b) : Given, current density J =  2×1010 2  r 2
Joule's heating effect, heat developed across the wire,  m 
H = I2Rt Radius (R) = 2 mm = 2 × 10–3 m
H = ( 2 ) × 25 × 60
2
Wire voltage (V) = 50V
R
H = 4 × 25 × 60 So, H = ∫ V.t.J.2πrdr
0
H = 6000 J
R
H = 6 × 103 J H = ∫ 50 × 100 × 2 × 1010 r 2 × 2πr × dr
0
992. A resistor develops 400J of thermal energy in R
10 s when a current of 2 A is passed through it. R  r4 
The energy developed in 20 s, if the current is = ∫ 2π× 1014 r 3 dr = 2π× 1014  
increased to 4 A, is
0
 4 0
(a) 400 J (b) 1600 J π
= × 1014 × ( 2 × 10−3 )
4
(c) 3200 J (d) 6400 J 2
Assam CEE-2014
= 8 × π × 1014 × 10–12 = 800 πJ
Ans. (c) : Given,
995. The filament of an electric kettle is made up of
Heat (H) = 400 J
three sections of equal resistances. These
Current (I) = 2A
sections are connected in parallel and the water
Time = 10 s begins to boil in 9 minutes. If these resistance
Using the formula, are connected in series, then the time taken by
H = i 2 Rt the same mass of water in the kettle to bail is
400 = ( 2 ) × R × 10 (a) 1 minutes (b) 9 minutes
2

(c) 27 minutes (d) 81 minutes

R = 10Ω
UPSEE 2020
The thermal energy developed, when the current is 4A is,
Ans. (d) : Connected in parallel,
H = i 2 Rt
1 1 1 1 3
H = ( 4 ) × 10 × 20 = + + =
2
R eq R R R R
H = 3200J
R
993. Four 4Ω resistors are connected together along R eq = , t1 = 9 min.
the edges of a square. A 12 V battery with 3
internal resistance of 2Ω is connected across a For first coil in parallel,
pair of the diagonally opposite corners of the V 2 t1
square. The power dissipated in the circuit is H = .....(i)
R eq
(a) 36 W (b) 192 W
(c) 24 W (d) 48 W For second coil in series,
TS-EAMCET.11.09.2020, Shift-2 2
V t2
Ans. (c) : H= .....(ii)
R ′eq
From equation (i) & (ii), we get–
t1 t
= 2
R eq R ′eq
8×8 R ′eq
Req = 2 + = 2+4 t2 3R t
8+8 = ⇒ = 2
R eq t1 R / 3 t1
Req = 6Ω
12 t2
Current, I = = 2A 9=
6 9
Power dissipated in circuit = VI = 12 × 2 = 24 W t2 = 81 min
Current Electricity 253 YCT
996. Two metallic wires A and B are made using Case I,
copper. The radius of wire A is r while its V12
length is l. A dc voltage V is applied across the P1 =
wire A, causing power dissipation, P. The R1
radius of wire B is 2r and its length is 2l and 2002
the same dc voltage V is applied across it ∴ R1 =
500
causing power dissipation P1. Which one of the
R1 = 80Ω
following is the correct relationship between P
and P1? Case II,
(a) P = 2P1 (b) P = P1/2 V22 1602
P2 = =
(c) P = 4P1 (d) P = P1 R R
NDA (I) 2019 160 × 160
P2 =
Ans : (b) Given, 80
Length of wire A = l P2 = 320 W
Length of wire B = 2 l ∴ Now, heat produced in 20 minutes
Radius of wire, A = r and radius of wire, B = 2r dQ = P2 × time = 320 × 20 × 60
We know that, Q = 384 kJ
ρl 998. It takes 12 minutes to boil 1 litre of water in an
Resistance of wire, R =
A electric kettle. Due to some defect it becomes
ρl necessary to remove 20% turns of heating coil
Ro = 2 of the kettle. After repair, how much time will
πr it take to boil 1 litre of water?
If Ro is the resistance of first wire, and the resistance of (a) 9.6 minute (b) 14.4 minute
second wire is a (c) 16.8 minute (d) 18.2 minute
ρ× 2l ρ× 2l AIIMS-26.05.2019(M) Shift-1
R' = =
π ( 2r ) 4πr 2
2
Ans. (a) : Given,
If takes 12 minutes to boil 1 litre of water in an electric
R
R' = o kettle.
2 Let, Resistance = R
V2 n turns = R
Q P=
Ro R
∴ 1 turns =  
R  n
If resistance is half  0  ,
 2  20 R
So, 20% turns = ×n×
V 2
2V 2 100 n
P1 = = 20
 Ro  R0 = R
  100
 2 
P1 = 2P 20
Net remaining resistance = R − R
100
P
P= 1 80
2 = R = 0.80 R
997. A 500 W heater is designed to operate at 200 V 100
potential difference. If it is connected across 160 Heat is supplied,
V line, the heat it will produce in 20 minutes is V2 (IR)2
H= t= t = I 2 Rt
(a) 384 kJ (b) 483 kJ R R
(c) 843 kJ (d) 348 kJ Similarly,
AP EAMCET (22.04.2019) Shift-II V2 V2
Ans. (a) : Given, × t1 = × t2
R1 R2
Power P1 = 500 W
Voltage V1 = 200 V t1 t
= 2
Voltage V2 = 160 V R1 R 2
Time (t) = 20 min = 20 × 60 = 1200 sec Then,
We know that, 12 t
= 2
V2 R 0.8R
Power (P) = VI =
R t2 = 12 × 0.8
Now, t2 = 9.6 minutes

Current Electricity 254 YCT

999. The heat produced per unit time, on passing
electric current through a conductor at a given
temperature, is directly proportional to the
_____.
(a) Electric current
(b) Reciprocal of electric current
(c) Square of electric current
(d) Reciprocal of square of electric current
GUJCET 2019
Ans. (c): According to Joule's law of heating effect,
H = I2 Rt
Where, I = current
R = resistance of conductor
t = time
H = heat produced Manipal UGET-2019
H 2 Ans. (a) : Let, each resistance is R
=I R
t E2
P=
H R eq.
∝ I2
t According to options,
Hence, heat produced per unit time is directly In option (a) -
proportional to the square of electric current.
R×R R
1000. Two electric bulbs whose resistances are in the Req. = =
ratio 1 : 2 are connected in parallel to a R +R 2
constant voltage source. The power dissipated E 2 2E 2
in them have the ratio P1 = =
R R
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 :1
(c) 2 :1 (d) 1 : 4 2
In option (b)-
CG PET 2019
Req. = R + R = 2R
Ans. (c) : Given, R1 : R2 = 1 : 2
Let the resistance of bulb are R1 and R2 respectively. E 2 0.5E 2
P2 = =
In parallel connection, 2R R
V2 In option (c)-
Power, P = R 3R
R Req. = + R =
1 2 2
P∝ 2E 2
E2
R P3 = = 0.6
P1 R 2 2 3R R
= = In option (d)-
P2 R1 1
The power dissipated in them have the ratio = 2:1 2R × R 2R
Req. = =
1001. The starter motor of a car draw a current I = 2R + R 3
300 A from the battery of voltage 12 V. If the 3E 2 1.5E 2
car starts only after 2 minutes, what is the P4 = =
2R R
energy drawn from the battery?
So, P1 is maximum.
(a) 3 kJ (b) 30 kJ
(c) 7.2 kJ (d) 432 kJ 1003. The resistance of a device component
decreases as the current through it increases
Manipal UGET-2019
and it is described by the relation,
Ans. (d) : Given,
0.2 I
Current (I) = 300A, R= , where I is the current. Determined
Voltage (V) = 12 V, Time (t) = 2 min I -4
So, energy drawn from the battery (E) = VIt the minimum power deliver. (Assume, I > 4)
= 12 × 300 × 2 × 60 (a) 22.4 W (b) 18.6 W
= 432 × 103 J = 432 kJ (c) 19.8 W (d) 21.6 W
TS-EAMCET-06.05.2019, Shift-1
1002. Consider four circuits shown in the figure
below. In which circuit power dissipated is Ans. (d) : Given, resistance r of a device decreases as
greatest? current 1 increases by the relation.
(Neglect the internal resistance of the power 0.2I
R=
supply). I−4
Current Electricity 255 YCT
∴ Power of the electric device (P) = I2R Current required by a single lamp.
0.2I For 'n' lamps current = n × I = 6 Amp
= I2 ....(i) 6 × 220
I−4 ∴ n=
Power will be minimum if 60
dP n = 22
=0 So, total no of bulbs required is 22.
dI
1006. The resistor R1=3Ω and R2 =1Ω are
d  0.2I3  connected in parallel to a 20 V battery. Find
 =0 the heat developed in the resistor R1 in one
dI  I − 4 
minute
(I − 4) × 0.2 × 3I 2 − 0.2I3 (a) 600 J (b) 800 J
=0
(I − 4) 2 (c) 6000 J (d) 8000 J
0.6I3 – 2.4I2 – 0.2I3 = 0 (e) 7000 J
0.4I3 – 2.4I2 = 0 Kerala CEE-2019
0.4I2(I – 6) = 0 [Q I > 4] Ans. (d) : Given,
I–6=0 Resistance (R1) = 3Ω
I = 6A Resistance (R2) = 1Ω
0.2I 0.2 × 6 Voltage (V) = 20 V
Given, resistance (R) = = We know that,
I−4 6−4
1.2 V2
= = 0.6Ω Heat developed (Q) = ×t
2 R
2
2 = I Rt
Power, P = I R
The connection is parallel, so each branch of the circuit
= 62 × 0.6 = 21.6 W has potential drop of 20 V.
1004. Water is heated with a coil of resistance R V 20
connected to domestic supply. The rise of ∴ Current in R1 resistor, (I) = = A
temperature of water will depend on R1 3
1. Supply voltage. ∴ Q = I2R1 × t
2. Current passing through the coil.  20 
2

3. Time for which voltage is supplied. =   × 3 × 60

 3 
Select the correct answer from among the
following : 20 × 20 × 3 × 60
=
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2 only 3× 3
(c) 1 only (d) 2 and 3 only Q = 8000 J
NDA (II) 2019 1007. An electric bulb rated 100 W at 220 V is
Ans. (a) : Given, V = supply voltage, I = current operating at 110 V. What is the power
passing though the coil, t = time for which the voltage is consumed?
supplied (a) 50 W (b) 75 W
Hence, the rise of temperature of water depends directly (c) 100 W (d) 25 W
upon heat supplied and the heat directly depends on J&K CET- 2019, 2001
supply voltage current and time. Ans. (d) : Given,
1005. What will be the maximum number of 60 W Rated power, P = 100 W
bulbs in parallel that can be turned on when a Voltage, V = 220Volt
house wiring supplied with a 220 V supply line As we know,
is protected by a 6 ampere fuse? V2
(a) 11 (b) 22 Power (P) =
R
(c) 66 (d) 33
J&K-CET-2019 V2
∴ Resistance (R) =
Ans. (b) : Given, P
Power (P) = 60 W 2202 48400
= =
Fuse rating (I) = 6 ampere 100 100
Voltage (V) = 220 Volts = 484 Ohm
We know that, Now,
Power (P) = V × I Power at 110 voltage,
60 = 220 × I V 2 1102
∴ P= =
60 R 484
∴ I= amp P = 25 W
220

Current Electricity 256 YCT

1008. Two bulbs of 500W and 200W are 1010. In the circuit shown in figure, power
manufactured to operate on 220 V line. The developed across 1 Ω, 2 Ω and 3 Ω resistances
ratio of heat produced in 500W and 200 W, in are in the ratio
two cases, when firstly they are connected in
parallel and secondary in series will be
5 2 5 5
(a) : (b) :
2 5 2 2
2 5 2 2
(c) : (d) : (a) 1 : 2 : 3 (b) 4 : 2 : 27
5 2 5 5
AIIMS-26.05.2018(E) (c) 6 : 4 : 9 (d) 2 : 1 27
AP EAMCET (23.04.2018) Shift-2
Ans. (a) : Given,
P1 = 500W Ans. (b) : Current distribution is as show in figure
P2 = 200W
Firstly, two bulbs connected in parallel.
H1 P1 t P1 500 5
= = = =
H 2 P2 t P2 200 2
Secondary, two bulbs connected in series.
The current in parallel divides in inverse ratio of
H1 I 2 R 1 t R 1 resistance is.
= =
H2 I2 R 2 t R 2
 2 
I1 =  i
V2  1+ 2 
H1 1
= P2 2
H2 V I1 = i
3
P2
1
H1 P2 200 2 I2 = i
= = = ( 2)
1 +
H 2 P1 500 5
1
Therefore, the ratio of heat generated in parallel to I2 = i
5 2 3
series is : . I3 = i
2 5
We know that, P = I2R
1009. A resistor develops 800 J of thermal energy is
20 s when a current of 4 A is passed through it. P1 = I12 R
If the current is increased to 8A, the energy 2 2
2

developed in 20 s is P1 =   i × 1
(a) 800 J (b) 1600 J 3
(c) 3200 J (d) 400 J 4
Assam CEE-2018 P1 = i 2
9
Ans. (c) : Given, Similarly,
Q1 = 800 J, Q2 = ? P2 = I 22 R
t1 = 20 sec, t2 = 20 sec 2
i1 = 4A, i2 = 8A 1 
P2 =  i  × 2
R1 = R2 = R 3 
We know that,
1
Q1 = i12 Rt1 P2 = i 2 × 2
9
800 = (4)2 × R × 20
2
800 5 P2 = i 2
R= = Ω 9
320 2 Similarly,
The thermal energy developed (Q2), when the current is
P3 = I32 R
8A, is
P3 = i2 ×3
Q2 = i 22 Rt 2
P3 = 3i2
5 The ratio of the three powers are,
Q2 = (8)2 × × 20
2 4 2
P 1: P 2: P 3 = : : 3
Q2 = 64 × 50 9 9
Q2 = 3200 J P1: P2: P3 = 4: 2: 27
Current Electricity 257 YCT
1011. The bulb which glows with maximum intensity Assuming g = 10 m/s2, the speed at which the
in the given circuit is piston will move upward, due to heat dissipated
by the resistor, so that the temperature of the
gas remains unchanged is

(a) 4 Ω bulb (b) 2 Ω bulb

(c) 3 Ω bulb (d) 6 Ω bulb
AP EAMCET (23.04.2018) Shift-2
Ans. (a) :

(a) 10 cm/s (b) 15 cm/s

(c) 20 cm/s (d) 30 cm/s
TS-EAMCET-05.05.2018, Shift-2
Ans. (c) :
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
∴ = + + = +
R eq1 2 3 6 R eq 2 4 5
1 9 + 6 + 3 18 1 9
= = =
R eq1 18 18 R eq 2 20
R eq1 = 1 R eq2 = 2.2 Ω
2
V
Power, P =
R
Resistance of V2 side in high so the power will be least As temperature of gas remains constant, heat supplied
in side B. by resistance.
So, 4Ω bulb will glow with maximum intensity. Piston work-
1012. Consider the following two circuits I2Rt = P × ∆V
[A] 20 bulbs are connected in series to a power F
supply line. I2Rt = × A × ∆x
A
[B] 20 bulbs identical to [A] are connected in a
parallel circuit to an identical power supply line. I 2 R ∆x
= = velocity of piston
Identify which of the following is not true? F t
(a) If one bulb in [A] blows out, all others will
stop glowing Vpiston =
( 200 ×10 )
−3 2
× 500
(b) Bulbs in [A] glow brighter, since the current 10 × 10
flowing in [A] is higher −2
4 × 10 × 5 × 102
(c) If one bulb in [B] blows, other bulbs will still Vpiston =
glow 102
(d) Bulbs in [B] have the highest voltage across Vpiston = 20 × 10–2 ms–1 = 20 cms–1
each bulb 1014. The power dissipated in the circuit shown in
TS-EAMCET-04.05.2018, Shift-1 the figure is 30 Watts. The value of R is
Ans. (b) : According to statement B is not true because
Reff = 20 R (heater assume R is resistance of one bulb)
V V
So, I = = which will be minimum
R eff 20R
1013. A 500Ω resistor connected to an external
battery is placed inside a thermally insulated
cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston. The
cylinder contains an ideal gas. A current i of (a) 20Ω (b) 15Ω
200 mA flows through the resistor as shown in (c) 10Ω (d) 30Ω
the figure. The mass of the piston is 10 kg. VITEEE-2017
Current Electricity 258 YCT
Ans. (c) : Given, 1016. You are given resistance wire of length 50 cm
Power dissipated (P) = 30W and a battery of negligible resistance. In which
We know that, of the following cases is largest amount of heat
V2 generated?
Power dissipated (P) = (a) When the wire is connected to the battery
R eq
directly
Now, resistance R and 5Ω are in parallel, (b) When the wire is divided into two parts and
∴ Equivalent = Req both the parts are connected to the battery in
1 1 1 parallel.
∴ = +
R eq R 5 (c) When the wire is divided into four parts and
1 5+R all the four parts are connected to the battery
= in parallel.
R eq 5R
(d) When only half of the wire is connected to the
5R battery.
∴ R eq =
R +5 JIPMER-2017
V2 Ans. (c) : Given,
Now, P=
R eq Length of wire (l) = 50 cm
Formula for heating effect of current is
102
30 = H = I2Rt
 5R 
  V2
 R +5 Q H∝
100 R
30 = According to options–
5R
R +5 Option (a): When the wire is connected to the battery
5R 10 directly
= If connected directly, then resistance is R.
R +5 3
3R = 2R + 10 Option (b): When the wire is divided into two parts and
R = 10Ω both the parts are connected to the battery in parallel.
1015. In the circuit shown, the heat produced in 5Ω If the wire is divided into two equal parts, then
resistor is 10 cal/s. The heat produced per R
resistance becomes
second in 4Ω resistor will be 4
Option (c): When the wire is divided into four parts and
all the four parts are connected to the battery in parallel.
If the wire is divided into four equal parts, then
(a) 1 cal (b) 2 cal R
(c) 3 cal (d) 4 cal resistance becomes
16
BITSAT-2017
Hence, to get the largest amount of heat generated in 50
Ans. (b) : Given,
cm long wire it has to be cut in equal four parts are
Heat produced in 5Ω resistance = 10 cal/s
connected in parallel to the battery since, in parallel
We know that,
combination voltage across each part will be same.
Heat produced (P) = VI
From Ohm's Law, 1017. Three identical resistors each of resistance R
V = IR are connected to an ideal cell of voltage V as
V2 shown. Total power dissipated in all three
∴ Heat produced P = resistors is
R
V = PR = 10 × 5 = 5 2 Volts
We know that in parallel condition voltage are same
Now, voltage across 4 Ohm resistor
4 4
V' = × V = ×5 2
4+6 10 3V 2 3V 2
(a) (b)
= 2 2 Volts 2R R
∴Heat produced per sec in 4 Ohm resistor V2 2V 2
(c) (d)
(V ')2 8 3R 3R
P' = = = 2 Cal
R 4 UPSEE - 2017
Current Electricity 259 YCT
Ans. (d) : Voltage (V) = 30 Volt
Power (P) = 90 Watt
We know that,
V2
Power (P) =
R0
V2
From the circuit diagram, R0 =
Equivalent resistance of circuit, P
R×R 302
R eq = R + R0 =
R+R 90
900
R2 R0 = = 10 Ω
Req = R + 90
2R
V 30
2R + R 2 3R 2 3R
2
Therefore, current in the lamp (I) = = = 3A
R eq = = = R 0 10
2R 2R 2
Now, the lamp is operated on 120V DC,
We know that,
Applying KVL in loop,
V2 V2 120 – 3 × 10 – 3R = 0
Power (P) = =
Req 3R 3R = 90
2 R = 30Ω
2V 2 1020. There are a 25W-220 V bulb and a 100W-
P= 220V line. Which electric bulb will glow more
3R
brightly?
1018. In the given circuit, cell E has internal (a) 25W bulb
resistance of r = 2Ω. What is the value of (b) 100W bulb
resistance R so that power delivered to resistor (c) Both will have equal incadescene
R is maximum?
(d) Neither 25W nor 100W bulb will give light
VITEEE-2010
CG PET- 2005
UPSEE - 2008
BCECE-2005
(a) 2Ω (b) 3Ω
Ans. (a) : Given,
(c) 5Ω (d) 1Ω
For 1st bulb –
UPSEE - 2017 Power (P1) = 25 W
Ans. (c) : Voltage (V1) = 220 V
Now,
V12 2202
Resistance of 25 W bulb (R 25 ) = = = 1936Ω
P1 25
Since, equivalent internal resistance of equivalent cell For bulb 2nd –
across the external resistor R is 2 + 3 = 5Ω . Power (P2) = 100 W
Hence power delivered to R will be maximum if R = Voltage (V2) = 220 V
5Ω V22 2202
(according to maximum power transfer theorem). Resistance of 100 W bulb (R100) = = = 484Ω
P2 100
1019. A30V-90W lamp is operated on a 120V DC
Therefore, both the bulb are connected in series, current
line. A resistor is connected in series with the
through then will be the same.
lamp in order to glow it properly. The value of
resistance is Now,
(a) 10Ω (b) 30Ω Power, P = I2R
(c) 20Ω (d) 40Ω ∴ Current same but resistance of 25 W bulb is more
VITEEE-2015 than 100 W bulb.
So, 25 W bulb will glow more brightly.
Ans. (b) : Given,
1021. Two resistances R and 2R are connected in
parallel in an electric circuit. The thermal
energy developed in R and 2R in the ratio of
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 : 1
(c) 1 : 4 (d) 4 : 1
UPSEE - 2008
Current Electricity 260 YCT
Ans. (b) : Given, Ans. (b) : Given,
Resistance of 1st resistor = R Voltage of electric heater (V) = 220 V
Resistance of 2nd resistor = 2R Power (P) = 550 W
We know that, We know that,
Power = Voltage × Current
V2 t
Thermal energy (P) = P 550
R I= = = 2.5 A
V 220
1 1024. Two electric bulbs A and b are rated as 60 W
Therefore, H∝
R and 100 W. They are connected in parallel to
H1R1 = H2R2 the same source. Then :
H1 R 2 (a) B draws more current than A
= (b) current drawn are in the ratio of their
H 2 R1 resistances
H1 2R (c) both draw the same current
= (d) A draws more current than B.
H2 R
Karnataka CET-2004
H1 2 Ans. (a) : Given,
=
H2 1 Power of electric bulb, A = 60 W
So, H1 : H 2 = 2 : 1 Power of electric bulb, B = 100 W
We know that,
1022. What will happen when a 40 W, 220 V lamp
and 100 W, 220 V lamp are connected in series V2
Power, P =
across 440 V supply? R
(a) 40 W lamp will fuse. Now, the resistance of 60 W bulb has more resistance as
(b) 100 W lamp will fuse. 1
compared to a 100 W bulb as P ∝ .
(c) Both the lamp will fuse. R
Therefore, when bulbs are connected in parallel to the
(d) Neither lamp will fuse. same source, the bulb B(100 W) draws more current
SCRA-2012 than A.
Ans. (a) : Case of lamp (I), 1025. A fuse wire with radius 1 mm blows at 1.5
P1 = 40 W ampere. The radius of the fuse wire of the same
V1 = 220 V material to blow at 3 A will be :
Current, I = ? (a) 31/4 mm (b) 41/3 mm
1/2
(c) 3 mm (d) 21/3 mm
P 40
Current (I1) = = = 0.18 A Karnataka CET-2003
V 220 Ans. (b) : Given, r1 = 1 mm, I1 = 1.5 A, I2 = 3 A
V 2 (220) 2 We know that,
R1 = = = 1210Ω
P 40 For fusing current,
Case of lamp (II), The relation of current with radius,
P2 = 100 W, V2 = 220 V I2 ∝ r3
100 I12 I 22
I2 = = 0.45 A =
220 r13 r23
2 3
(220) 2  I2   r2 
R2 =
100
= 484Ω  I  = r 
 1  1
Both are connected in series 440 V supply total current, 2/3
I 
440 440 440 r2 = r1  2 
I= = = = 0.26A  I1 
R 1 + R 2 1210 + 484 1694 2/ 3
This current is more than the rated current of lamp 40  3 
r2 = 1 
W. So, 40 W lamp will fuse.  1.5 
r2 = 2 = 41/3 mm
2/3
1023. An electric heater rated 220V and 550 W is
connected to AC mains. The current drawn by 1026. n identical bulbs, each designated to draw a
power P from a certain voltage supply. The
it is : total power which they will draw is :
(a) 0.8 A (b) 2.5 A (a) P/n (b) P/n2
(c) 0.4 A (d) 1.25 A (c) nP (d) P
Karnataka CET-2009 Karnataka CET-2002
Current Electricity 261 YCT
Ans. (a): Ans. (b) : V1 = 220 V, P1 = 200 W, V2 = 110 V
Resistance of each bulb = R We know that,
Voltage of source = V V2
We know that, P = VI =
R
V2 V2
Power of each bulb, P = R=
R P
V2 V 2 (220)2
or R= Q R1 = 1 = = 242Ω
P P1 200
Now, n bulbs are in series so total resistance,
When, V2 = 110 V
Rt = nR
V V V22
∴ Current (I) = = P2 =
R t nR R2
Therefore, (110) 2
= = 50W
Total power drawn, Pt = I2Rt 242
V2 1029. A railway compartment is lit up by thirteen
Pt = 2 2 (nR) lamps each taking 2.1 amp at 15 volts. The heat
n R generated per second in each lamp will be
V2 P (a) 4.35 cal (b) 5.73 cal
Pt = =
nR n (c) 7.5 cal (d) 2.5 cal
1027. An electric bulb is designed to draw power P0 J&K CET- 2005
at voltage V0. If the voltage is V, it draws a Ans. (c) : Given,
power P. Then : Current of each lamp (I) = 2.1 amp
2 2 Voltage (V) = 15 Volts
V  V
(a) P =  0  P0 (b) P =   P0 We know that,
V  V0  The heat generated is given by,
V V  H=I×V×t
(c) P =   P0 (d) P =  0  P0 = 2.1 × 15 × 1
 V0  V H = 31.5 J
Karnataka CET-2001 31.5
Ans. (b) : We know that, Now, H =
4.2
V2 H = 7.5 cal
Power in resistor, P =
R 1030. A 200 W and a 100 W bulb, both meant for
V 2 operation at 220 V are connected in series.
So, R= When connected to a 220 V supply the power
P consumed by the combination is
Now since the bulb is operating initially at power P0 and (a) 33.3 W (b) 66.7 W
voltage V0. (c) 300 W (d) 100 W
V2 J&K CET- 2003
So, P0 = 0
R Ans. (b) : Given,
V02 Power of bulb 1st = 200 W
Resistance of bulb (R) = .....(i) Power of bulb 2nd = 100 W
P0
We know that,
Now the bulb is attached to voltage V and it consumes
power P. V2
Power consumed by a resistance is given by, P =
R
V 2 V 2 P0
So, P= = 2 V 2
R V0 ∴ R=
2
P
V Now,
P =   P0
 V0  The resistance are connected in series,
∴ Req = R1 + R2
1028. An electric bulb is rated at 220 V, 200 W.
Power consumed by it when operated at 110 V V2 V2
= +
is P1 P2
(a) 25 W (b) 50 W
(c) 75 W (d) 90 W 2202 2202
= +
J&K CET- 2006 100 200
Current Electricity 262 YCT
 2202 (3) 1033. A 100W 200V bulb is connected to a 160 V power
∴ Req = Ω supply. The power consumption would be
200
(a) 125 W (b) 100 W
V2 (c) 80 W (d) 64 W
Net power consumed will be P =
R eq AIPMT-1997
2202 × 200 Ans. (d) : Given,
∴ P= Power (P) = 100 W
2202 × 3
200 Bulb voltage (V) = 200 Volt
P= W Supply power (V1) = 160 Volt
3
P = 66.7 W We know that,
1031. Two electric bulbs, one of 200 V, 40 W and V2
Resistance of the bulb (R) =
other 200 V, 100 W are connected in a domestic P
circuit Then
(a) the resistance of 40 W bulb is more than the 2002
∴ R= = 400Ω
100 W bulb 100
(b) the resistance of 100 W bulb is more than the Now,
40 W bulb V12
(c) they have equal current through them Actual power consumption (P) =
(d) they have equal resistance R
J&K CET- 1999 1602
∴ P′ = = 64 W
Ans. (a) : Given, 400
Power of 1st electric bulb = 40 W 1034. A heating coil is labelled 100 W, 220 V. The coil
Voltage = 200 V is cut in two equal halves and the two pieces are
Power of 2nd electric bulb = 100 W joined in parallel to the same source. The
We know that, energy now liberated per second is
V2 (a) 25 J (b) 50 J
Power, P =
R (c) 200 J (d) 400 J
∴ For (I) electric bulb, AIPMT-1995
V2 2002 40000 Ans. (d) : Given,
Resistance (R) = = = = 1000Ω
P 40 40 Power (P) = 100 W
For (II) bulb, Voltage (V) = 220 V
V 2 2002 40000 Let resistance of heating coil = R
Resistance (R) = = =
P 100 100 (220)2
R= = 484
R = 400Ω 100
∴ The resistance of 40W bulb is more than the 100 W We know that,
bulb. The resistance of each part is R/2 and connect parallel.
1032. A battery is charged at a potential of 15 V for 8 ∴ Equivalent resistance = Req
h when the current flowing is 10 A. The battery 1 1 1
on discharge supplies a current of 5 A for 15 h. = +
R eq R / 2 R / 2
The mean terminal voltage during discharge is
14 V. The watt-hour efficiency of the battery is R/2+R/2
(a) 82.5% (b) 80% =
(R / 2)(R / 2)
(c) 90% (d) 87.5%
(R / 2)(R / 2) R
AIPMT-2004 ∴ Req = =
Ans. (d) : Given, (R / 2) + (R / 2) 4
A charged battery = 15 V V 2 (220) 2
Current (I) = 10 A ∴ Dissipated power, P = =
R eq R/4
Time taken = 8 h
A discharged battery = 14 V (220)2
= = 400 J
Current (I′) = 5 A 484
Time taken = 15 h 4
We know that, 1035. A 4µF conductor is charged to 400 V and then
Output power its plates are joined through a resistance of
% efficiency = ×100
Input power 1kΩ. The heat produced in the resistance is
14 × 5 ×15 (a) 0.16 J (b) 1.28 J
= × 100 = 87.5% (c) 0.64 J (d) 0.32 J
15 × 10 × 8
APIMT-1994
Current Electricity 263 YCT
Ans. (d) : Given, ∴ Req = R1 + R2 + R3
Capacitance of capacitor (C) = 4µF = 4 × 10–6 F Req = 3R
Voltage applied (V) = 400 Volt 3 × 200 × 200
We know that, =
60
Energy stored = Heat energy produced through Req = 2000 Ω
resistance Now,
1 1
U = CV 2 = × 4 × 10−6 × 4002 V 2 200 × 200
2 2 Power (P′) = =
= 32 × 10–2 Joule R 2000
∴ P′ = 20 W
∴ U = 0.32 Joule
1036. 40 electric bulbs are connected in series across 1038. Two 220 V, 100Wbulbs are connected first in
a 220 V supply. After one bulb is fused the series and then in parallel. Each time the
remaining 39 are connected again in series across combination is connected to a 220 V AC supply
the same supply. The illumination will be line. The power drawn by the combination in
(a) more with 40 bulbs than with 39 each case respectively will be
(b) more with 39 bulbs than with 40 (a) 200 W, 150 W (b) 50 W, 200 W
(c) equal in both the cases (c) 50 W, 100 W (d) 100 W, 50 W
(d) in the ratio 402 : 392 AIPMT-2003
AIPMT-1989 Ans. (b) : Given,
Ans. (b) : Power of each bulb (P) = 100 W
Case -I: Total resistance of 40 bulbs = 40 R Voltage (V) = 220 Volt
220 We know that,
Circuit current (I1 ) = V2
40R Resistance of a single bulb (R) =
Power dissipated by 40 bulbs, P
2
 220  (220) 2
P1 = 40  I12 R  = 40   ×R ∴ R= = 484Ω
 40R  100
Now,
(220) 2
P1 = W .....(i) Initially two bulbs are connected in series, then
40R equivalent resistance.
Case-II: Total resistance of 39 bulbs = 39R ∴ Requivalent = R + R = 2 × 484 = 968Ω
220 Now,
Circuit current (I 2 ) =
39R V 2 220 2
Power dissipated by 39 bulbs, Power (P) = =
2 R eq 968
 220 
P2 = 39  I 22 R  = 39   ×R ∴ P = 50 W
 39R  Now, if the two bulbs are connected in parallel then
(220) 2 equivalent resistance.
P2 = W .....(ii)
39R 1 1 1
A look at equation (i) and (ii) shows that P2 > P1. = +
R equivalent R R
So, illumination of 39 bulbs more than 40 bulbs .
1 2
1037. When three identical bulbs of 60 W, 200 V =
rating are connected in series to a 200 V R eq R
supply, the power drawn by them will be R 484
(a) 60 W (b) 180 W ∴ Req = =
(c) 10 W (d) 20 W 2 2
AIPMT- 2004 ∴ Req = 242 Ω
Ans. (d) : Given, Therefore, power (P′) for parallel combination,
Power of each bulb (P) = 60 W V 2 2202
(P′) = =
Voltage (V) = 220 V R eq 242
We know that,
P′ = 200 W
The bulb are connected in series.
1039. An electric kettle has two heating coils. When
V2 one of the coils is connected to an AC source,
The resistance of each bulb =
P the water in the kettle boils in 10 min. When
200 × 200 the other coil is used the water boils in 40 min.
R= If both the coils are connected in parallel, the
60 time taken by the same quantity of water to
∴ Equivalent resistance = Req boil will be
Current Electricity 264 YCT
 (a) 25 min (b) 15 min 1041. A 5 A fuse wire can withstand a maximum
(c) 8 min (d) 4 min power of 1 W in circuit. The resistance of the
AIPMT-2003 fuse wire is
Ans. (c) : Given, (a) 0.2Ω (b) 5 Ω
Number of coils in electric kettle = 2 (c) 0.4Ω (d) 0.04Ω
Time taken to boils water in kettle by one of the coils = AIPMT-2005
10 min Ans. (d) : Given,
Time taken to boils water in kettle by other of the coils Power (P) = 1W, current (I) = 5A, resistance = ?
= 40 min We know that,
We know that, P = I 2R
When both the coils are connected in parallel,
P 1
Therefore, R= 2 = = 0.04Ω
2 2 2 I 25
V V V
Power ( P ) = ×t = × t1 = × t2 1042. A current of 3 A flows through the 2Ω resistor
R R1 R2 shown in the circuit. The power dissipated in
1 1 1 the 5Ω resistor is
Now, = + [ QFor parallel combination]
R eq R1 R 2
P P P
⇒ = 2 + 2
V × t V × t1 V × t 2
2

1 1 1
⇒ = +
t t1 t 2
t ×t 10 × 40 (a) 4 W (b) 2 W
∴ t= 1 2 = = 8 min (c) 1 W (d) 5 W
t1 + t 2 10 + 40
AIPMT-2008
1040. Power dissipated across the 8 Ω resistor in the Ans. (d) : Given,
circuit shown here is 2W. The power dissipated
in watt units across the 3 Ω resistor is

(a) 2.0 (b) 1.0 A current of 3A flows through the 2Ω

(c) 0.5 (d) 3.0 The power dissipated in the 5Ω resistor is-
AIPMT-2006 Voltage drops across 2Ω = 2 × 3 = 6 V
Ans. (d) : This voltage will across (1 + 5)Ω = 6 volt
V 6
I3 = = = 1A
6 6
Power dissipated in 5Ω resistor, P = I32 R = 12 × 5 = 5W
1043. Two cities are 150 km apart. Electric power is
Resistances 1Ω and 3Ω are connected in series, sent from one city to another city through
So effective resistance (R′) = 1 + 3 = 4Ω copper wires. The fall of potential per km is 8
Now, R′ and 8Ω are in parallel. We know that potential V and the average resistance per km is 0.5Ω.
difference across resistances in parallel is same. The power loss in the wire is
Hence, R′ × i1 = 8 × i2 (a) 19.2 W (b) 19.2 kW
4 × i1 = 8i2 (c) 19.2 J (d) 12.2 kW
8 AIPMT-2014
i1 = i 2 = 2i 2 .....(i) Ans. (b) : Given, total voltage drop for 150 km is
4
(8V/km) = 150 × 8 = 1200 V
Power dissipated across 8Ω resistance,
Average resistance (R) = 0.5 × 150 = 75Ω
i 22 (8)t = 2W From Ohm's law-
2 V 1200
i 22 t =
= 0.25W .....(ii) I= = = 16A
8 R 75
Power dissipated across 3Ω resistance, Power lost during transfer is-
H = i12 (3)t = (2i 2 ) 2 (3)t = 12i 22 t P = I 2R
H = 12 × 0.25 = 3 W (Q i 22 t = 0.25W ) P = (16)2 × 75 = 19.2 kW

Current Electricity 265 YCT

1044. If voltage across a bulb rated 220 V-100 W 1047. 3 lamps of 250 W, 500 W, 1000 W are
drops by 2.5% of its rated value, the connected in series across the mains. The one
percentage of the rated value by which the which will light the brightest is
power would decrease is (a) 250 W
(a) 20% (b) 2.5% (b) 500 W
(c) 5% (d) 10% (c) 1000 W
AIPMT-2012 (d) all three will light with equal brightness
Ans. (c) : Given, [EAMCET 1993]
Bulb rating 220V – 100W Ans. (a) : When (n) lamps are connected is series across
the mains. Which power is lowest in all it will light the
∆V
= 2.5% brightest.
V 1
V2 P∝
Power (P) = R
R So, 250W, 500W and 1000W are
For small variation- Hence, 250W is brightest in all.
∆P 2 × ∆V 1048. Four 2 Ω resistors are connected together along
×100 = × 100
P V the edges of a square. A 10 V battery of
negligible internal resistance is connected
∆P
×100 = 2 × 2.5 = 5% across a pair of the diagonally opposite corners
P of the square. The power dissipated in the
1045. A heater coil working on mains produces 100 circuit is
cal of heat in a certain time. Now the heater (a) 500 W (b) 50 W
coil is cut into three equal parts and one part is (c) 5 W (d) 10 W
only used for heating. The quantity of heat [EAMCET 1992]
produced (in calories) in the same time is Ans. (b) :
(a) 300 (b) 200
(c) 100/3 (d) 200/3
AP EMCET(Medical)-2008
Ans. (a) : We know that,
V2 4× 4
Heat, H = for the same potential difference, the heat R eq = = 2Ω
R 4+4
1 Power dissipated in circuit,
produced per second H ∝ one part of the heater coil
R V2 (10) 2
H 2 R1 R Power, P = = = 50W
Hence, = = R eq 2
H1 R 2 R / 3
1049. A house, served by a 220 V supply line, is
H 2 3R protected by a 9 A fuse. What is the maximum
= number of 60 watt bulbs that can be turned on
100 R
in parallel?
H2 = 3 × 100
(a) 11 (b) 22
H2 = 300 calories
(c) 33 (d) 44
1046. Four bulbs each marked 40 W, 250 V are NDA (II) 2009
connected in series with 250 V source. The total
power output is Ans. (c) : Total power,
(a) 10 W (b) 40 W P = V × I = 200 × 9
(c) 160 W (d) 320 W Number of 60W bulb required,
[EAMCET 1995] 220 × 9
n= = 33
Ans. (a) : Four bulbs each marked 40W, 250V are 60
connected in series. 1050. How many sixty watt (60 W) bulbs may be safely
Voltage (V) = 250 V used in a 240-V supply with 4-ampere fuse?
2 2 (a) 4 (b) 8
V (250)
R= = Ω (c) 12 (d) 16
P 40
NDA (I) 2010
(250) 2 (250) 2 Ans. (d) : Given, P = 60W, V = 240V, I = 4A
R eq = R + R + R + R = 4R = 4 × = Ω
40 10 Total power, P = VI = 240 × 4 = 960 W
V 2 (250) 2 ×10 960
∴ Poutput = = = 10W Number of 60 W bulb required n = = 16
R eq (250) 2 60
Current Electricity 266 YCT
1051. If a heater coil is cut into two equal parts and Ans. (b) : Resistance R is connected to a ideal battery.
only one part is used in the heater, the heat Internal resistance of an ideal battery is zero. So it
generated will be : provides constant difference between two terminals.
(a) doubled (b) four times Power dissipated by the resistor is given by.
(c) one-fourth (d) halved V2
NDA (II) 2010 Power (P) =
R
Ans. (a) : Total heat generated,
If the battery is ideal then V remain constant.
V2 1
H= t P∝
R R
After cutting equal length of heater coil will become So,
half.
On increasing resistance (R), power (P) decreases.
R∝l
1056. Which of the following quantities do not
R change when a resistor connected to a battery
Resistance of half the coil =
2 is heated due to the current?
2
V t (a) Drift speed (b) Resistivity
H′ = = 2H (c) Resistance (d) Number of free electrons
R
CG PET- 2013
2
Hence, R reduces to half then H will be doubled. Ans. (d) : Number of free electrons - As the resistor
connected to the battery is heated, the thermal energy of
1052. Kilowatt-hour is the unit of the electrons increases, Thus, the relaxation time of the
(a) potential difference (b) electric power electrons will decrease and so will the drift velocity
(c) electric energy (d) electric potential Resistivity is inversely will increase with decrease in
NDA (II) 2011 relaxation time.
Ans. (c) : Kilowatt-hour is unit of electric energy. Therefore, resistance will also change. The number of
1053. An electric heater is rated 1500 watt. If electrons in a resistor will remain same.
electric power costs Rs. 2 per kilo-watt hour, 1057. 1 kWh is equal to
then the cost of power for 10 hours running of (a) 3.6×106 J (b) 3.6×104 J
the heater is (c) 3.6×10 J3
(d) 6×10-4 J
(a) ` 30 (b) ` 15 CG PET- 2011, 2006
(c) ` 150 (d) ` 25 Ans. (a) : Kilo-watt hour is a unit of energy used to denote
NDA (II) 2013 the energy consumption of large machinery and the
Ans. (a) : Given, P = 1500W, Rs. = 2 per kilo-watt, electricity consumption in homes and industries. It is also a
time = 10 hours common unit representation in electrical power engineering.
Energy consume = P × t = 1500 × 10 One kilo watt Mean 1000 watts of power and 1 hour
H = 15 kilo-watt-hour contains 3600 second in it. So, if we try to express one
Total cost = 2 × 15 = 30 rupees kilo-watt hour is terms of joules we get,
1054. An electric heater rated 220 V and 550 W is I kW h = (1000 W) × (3600 sec)
connected to AC mains. The current drawn by 1 kW h = 3.6 × 106 J
it is 1058. Three identical resistance A,B and C are
(a) 0.8 A (b) 2.5 A connected as shown in figure.
(c) 0.4 A (d) 1.25 A
Manipal UGET-2009
Ans. (b) : Given,
Voltage = 220V
Power = 550 W
Current (I) = ? The heat produced will be maximum
Power = Voltage × Current (a) in B (b) in B and C
550 = 220 × I (c) in A (d) same for A,B and C
550 CG PET- 2008, 2006
I= Ans. (c) : Let resistors A, B and C have equal resistance R.
220
I = 2.5 A
The current drawn (I) = 2.5 A
1055. A resistor of resistance R is connected to an A
ideal battery. If the value of R is increased the
power dissipated in the resistor will Let I be the total current then the current in resistor A is
(a) increase (b) decrease
I
(c) no change (d) None of the above I and in resistor B and C are
CG PET- 2013 2
Current Electricity 267 YCT
So, Ans. (b) : Given,
Heat produced in resistor A is, R = 6Ω
HA = I 2 R …(i) T = 10 min = 10 × 60 = 600 sec
Heat produced in resistor B is V = 120V
2
I I2R V2
HB =   R = …(ii) Energy liberated, H = .t
2 4 R
Heat produced in resistor C is,
(120 )
2

I2 R = × 600
HC = …(iii) 6
4
Hence, it is clear that the heat produced will be 120 × 120 × 600
= = 144 × 104 J
maximum in A. 6
1059. 100 W-220 V bulb is connected to 110 V source = 14.4 × 105 J
then power consumed is 1062. The resistor having equal resistance are joined
(a) 25 W (b) 50 W in series and a current is passed through the
(c) 100 W (d) 200 W combination. Neglect any variation in
CG PET- 2007 resistance as the temperature change in a given
Ans. (a) : Given, time interval
(a) equal amounts of thermal energy must be
V = 220V, V′ = 110V, P = 100W
produced in the resistors
V2 (b) unequal amounts of thermal energy may be
The resistance of the bulb, R =
P produced
220 × 220 (c) the temperature must rise equally in the
R= resistors
100 (d) the temperature must rise unequally in the
R = 484 Ω resistors
∴ Power consumed by the bulb. CG PET- 2005
V′ 2 Ans. (a) : Heat produce in a resistance is given by,
P=
R H = I2 R t
110 × 110 Where, R = Resistance,
P= I = Current
484
t = time
P = 25 W
As the resistors are in series, the current through them
Therefore, the power consumed when the electric bulb will be same. Thus, the amount of thermal energy
operates at 110V is 25W . produced in the resistors is same. The rise in the
1060. Ratio of resistance of two bulbs 40 W and 60 temperature of the resistor will depend on the shape and
W connected across 220 V source is size of the resistor. Thus, the rise in the temperature of
(a) 3 : 2 (b) 3 : 8 the two resistances may be equal.
(c) 4 : 3 (d) 9 : 4 1063. A constant voltage is applied between the two
CG PET- 2007 ends of a metallic wire. If both the length and
Ans. (a) : Given, the radius of the wire are doubled, the rate of
P1 = 40W heat developed in the wire
P2 = 60W (a) will be doubled
V = 220V (b) will be halved
(c) will be remain the same
V2
Power of a bulb, P = (d) will be quadrupled
R CG PET- 2004
V2 Ans. (a) : The heat produced in the metallic wire is
∴ R=
P given using,
R1 P2 60 3 V2 × t
∴ = = = H=
R 2 P1 40 2 R
The ratio of resistance of two bulbs = 3 : 2 ρ× L
As, R=
1061. An electric heater of resistance 6Ω is run for 10 A
min on 120 V line. The energy liberated in this
period of time is V2 × t × π × r2
or H=
(a) 7.2×103 J (b) 14.4×105 J ρ× L
4
(c) 43.2×10 J (d) 28.8×104 J Therefore, heat produced will be doubled if both length
CG PET- 2006, 2004 and the radius of the wire are doubled.
Current Electricity 268 YCT
1064. Two heater wires, similar in all respects, are Power dissipated in the given circuit is,
first connected in series and then in parallel. If V2
the rate of heat produced in the two cases is P=
respectively H1 and H2, then the value of H1/ H2 R eq
will be
(10 ) 100 ( 5 + R )
2
(a) 2 (b) 1/2 30 = =
(c) 4 (d) 1/4  5R  5R
 
CG PET- 2004  5+ R 
Ans. (d) : Rate of heat produced in a wire 150 R = 500 + 100 R
150 R – 100 R = 500
V2
H= 50 R = 500
R 500
The amount of heat generated on series combination, R= = 10Ω
2 50
V
H1 = 1066. An 1800 W toaster, a 1.3 kW electric fan and
( + R)
R 100W lamp are plugged in the same 120V
2 circuit i.e., all the three devices are in parallel.
V What is the approximate value of the total
H1 =
2R current (i.e. sum of the current drawn by the
The amount of heat generated on the parallel three devices) through circuit?
combination, (a) 40 A (b) 120 A
V 2 (c) 18 A (d) 27A
H2 = UPSEE - 2016
( R / 2) Ans. (d) : Given,
2V 2 P1 = 1800W
H2 = P2 = 1.3 kW = 1.3 × 1000 = 1300 W
R
The ratio of the amount of heat generated b/w parallel P3 = 100 W
and series combination. V = 120 V
2
Power consume,
V P = P1 + P2 + P3 …(i)
H1 2R Power, P = V × I
=
H 2 2V 2 From equation (i), we get
R VI = P1 + P2 + P3
H1 V 2
R 120 × I = 1800 + 1300 +100
= × 2 120 × I = 3200
H 2 2R 2V
3200
H1 1 I= = 26.66 A = 27 A
= 120
H2 4 1067. A current of 3 A flows through the 2Ω resistor
1065. The power dissipated in the circuit shown in shown in the circuit. The power dissipated in
the figure is 30 Watts. The value of R is the 5 Ω resistor is

(a) 20Ω (b) 15Ω (a) 4 W (b) 2 W

(c) 1 W (d) 5 W
(c) 10Ω (d) 30Ω
UPSEE - 2014
CG PET-2007
Ans. (d) : Given, current, I = 3 A
Ans. (c) : Given,
Voltage across 2Ω resistance
V = 10V
V=2×3
P = 30W V = 6V
Voltage across 4Ω and (5Ω + 1Ω) resister is same,
6  V
So, current across 5Ω = = 1A Q I = 
1+ 5  R
Thus, power across 5Ω
The equivalent resistance of the given circuit is, P = I 2R
5R P = (1)2 × 5
R eq =
5+ R P = 5W
Current Electricity 269 YCT
1068. Cause of heat production in a current carrying Ans. (b) : We know that,
conductor is : P = VI
(a) collisions of free electrons with one another P
(b) high drift speed of free electrons I=
(c) collisions of free electrons with atoms or ions V
of the conductor Loss in transmission = I2r
2
(d) high resistance value P  P2  1
UPSEE - 2006 =   r =  2  r ⇒ Loss ∝ 2
V V  V
Ans. (c) : The cause of heat production is due to So, loss in transmission is inversely proportional to V2.
collision of free electrons with the ions or atoms
conductor while drifting towards the positive end of the 1072. Three identical bulbs connected in series across
conductor losing the gained kinetic energy. an accumulator consumes 20 W power. If the
bulbs are connected in parallel to the same
1069. A 4 µF condenser is charged to 400 V and then source, the power consumed is
its plates are joined through a resistance. The (a) 20 W (b) 60 W
heat produced in the resistance is :
(c) 90 W (d) 120 W
(a) 0.16 J (b) 0.32 J
(e) 180 W
(c) 0.64 J (d) 1.28 J
UPSEE - 2004 Kerala CEE 2012
–6 Ans. (e): 'N' bulbs are identical then the total power is
Ans. (b): Given, C = 4µF = 4 × 10 F, V = 400V
We know that, P
Ptotal =
Heat produced = energy stored. N
1 Then in series the total power
U = H = CV 2 P
2 20 =
1 3
= × 4 × 10−6 × ( 400 )
2
P = 20×3 = 60W
2
Each bulb has power of 60W.
1
= × 4 × 10−6 ×160000 In parallel combination
2 P = P1+P2+P3
= 2 × 10−6 × 160000 = 0.32 J = 60+60+60 = 180 W
1070. Two bulbs of equal power are connected in 1073. An electric bulb rated 500 W at 100 V is used
parallel and they totally consume 110 W at 220 in a circuit having a 200 V supply. The
V. The resistances of each bulb is resistance R that must be put in series with the
(a) 550 Ω (b) 440 Ω bulb, so that the bulb draws 500 W is
(c) 330 Ω (d) 880 Ω (a) 10 Ω (b) 15 Ω
(e) 660 Ω (c) 2.5 Ω (d) 25 Ω
Kerala CEE - 2016
(e) 20 Ω
Ans. (d): Given, Kerala CEE - 2010
We know that,
Ans. (e): We know that,
V = 220 V
Bulbs are connected in parallel and they totally
consume 110 W to 220 V
Pnet = P1+P2
P + P = 110 W
P = 55 W {QP1 = P2 = P}
2
V V2
Q P= Power, P =
R R
V2 V2
R= Resistance of bulb, R =
P P
220 × 220 100 × 100
R= = 880Ω = = 20Ω
55 500
1071. The power dissipated in the transmission cables From maximum power transfer theorem,
carrying current I and voltage V is inversely Maximum power will be transfer when,
proportional to
R = Rinternal
(a) V (b) V2
R = 20Ω
(c) V (d) I
1074. A heater of 220 V heats a volume of water in 5
(e) I
min. The same heater when connected to 110 V
Kerala CEE- 2014 heats the same volume of water in (minute)
Current Electricity 270 YCT
 (a) 5 (b) 20 4.2
(c) 10 (d) 2.5 (e)
I 2 Rt
(e) 1.25 Kerala CEE 2004
Kerala CEE - 2009
Ans. (a): The heat generation across a resister of
Ans. (b) : We know that, resistance R, a wire in time t.
Heat produced the heater I is given current.
V2 H = I2 Rt Joules
H= ×t
R 1 cal = 4.2J
220 V heat produced, I 2 Rt
H= Calories
( 220 )
2
4.2
H1 = ×5
R 1078. In the adjoining figure, if 10 calorie heat is
110 V heat produced produced per second in 5Ω resister due to the
flow of current through it, then the heat
(110 )
2

H2 = ×t produced in 6Ω resistor is
R
H1 = H2
110 × 110 220 × 220 × 5
t=
R R
t = 2×2×5
(a) 1 cal/s (b) 2 cal/s
t = 20 min
(c) 3 cal/s (d) 4 cal/s
1075. If R1 and R2 be the resistance of the filaments
of 200 W and 100 W electric bulbs operating at JCECE-2013
Ans. (c): We know that,
R 
220 V, then  1  is
 R2 
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 0.5 (d) 4
(e) 0.25
Kerala CEE 2007
Ans. (c) : Given,
P1 = 200 W, P2 = 100 W H
= 10cal / s
We know that, t
V2 For 5Ω
Power, P = Heat produced (H) = I2 Rt
R
P2 R1 H 2
Q = =I R
P1 R 2 t
10 = I12 R
R1 100 1
= = = 0.5 10
R 2 200 2 I12 = =2
5
1076. A 10 Ω electric heater operates on a 110 V line.
The rate at which heat is developed in watts is: I1 = 2A
(a) 1310 W (b) 670 W Voltage develop in 5Ω resistance = Voltage across (6 +
(c) 810 W (d) 1210 W 4)Ω registance
(e) 1100 W I15 = I2 (4 + 6)
Kerala CEE 2005
5I1 5 × 2 1
Ans. (d): Given, V = 110 V, R = 10Ω I2 = = = A
10 10 2
V 2 110 × 110
Power, P = = H 2
R 10 = I 2 R Heat produced in 6Ω resistance
P = 1210 W t
2
1077. Heat produced (cals) in a resistance R when H  1  1
= × 6 = × 6 = 3 cal / s
a current I amperes flows through it for t t  2  2
seconds is given by the expression:
1079. An electric heater boils 1 kg of water in a time
I 2 Rt IR 2 t t1. Another heater boils the same amount of
(a) (b)
4.2 4.2 water in a time t2. When the two heater are
connected in parallel, the time required by
4.2It IRt 2 them together to boil the same amount of water
(c) 2
(d)
t 4.2 is:
Current Electricity 271 YCT
 (a) t1 + t2 (b) t1 t2 Ans. (a) : We know that,
t +t t1t 2 Resistance of all four series connected (RS) = 4R
(c) 1 2 (d)
2 t1 + t 2 Power dissipated in all the four resistance,
JCECE-2005 V2 V2
PS = =
UPSEE – 2009 R S 4R
J & K CET-2009
V2
Ans. (d): We know that, 5=
R1, R2 be the resistance of two heaters of H the required 4R
1 kg of water if V is the voltage applied. V2
= 20 ....(i)
V2 V2 R
H= t1 = t2 For parallel,
R1 R2
R
t1 t RP =
= 2 4
R1 R 2
V2 V2
R 1 t1 Then, PP = =4
= R R
R2 t2
4
When two heaters are in parallel and t is time taken to PP = 4 × 20 = 80 W
boil the given water
1082. Two identical batteries, each of emf 2 V and
 V2 V2  V2 internal resistance 1Ω pass a current through
H= + t = t1
R R R external resistance R = 0.5Ω. The maximum
 1 2  1
power that can be developed across R using
−1
t1  1 1  these batteries is :
t=  + 
R1  R1 R 2 
t1
t=
R
1+ 1
R2
t1 tt
t= = 12
t1 t1 + t 2
1+ (a) 3.2 W (b) 8.2 W
t2
(c) 4 W (d) 2 W
1080. An electric bulb is marked 100 W, 230 V. If the JCECE-2003
supply voltage drops to 115 V, what is the total
energy produced by the bulb in 10 min? Ans. (d) :
(a) 30 kJ (b) 20 kJ
(c) 15 kJ (d) 10 kJ
JCECE-2005
Ans. (c) : We have that,
Power of the bulb, P = 100 W
V = 230 V
R be the resistance of the bulb
V2  V2  E r + E 2 r1
P= Q R =  Eeq = 1 2
R  P  r1 + r2
230 × 230 2 ×1 + 2 ×1
R= =529Ω = = 2V
100 1+1
Changed supply voltage V = 115 V
Heat and light energy produced by the bulb in 10 min
V 2 t 115 × 115 ×10 × 60
H= = = 15 kJ
R 529
1081. Four identical resistors when connected in series
dissipate 5W power. If they are connected in By maximum power transfer theorem,
parallel, the power dissipated will be: V2 (2)2
(a) 80 W (b) 60 W Pmax = th =
4R L 4 × 0.5
(c) 40 W (d) 20 W
JCECE-2004 P max = 2 W
Current Electricity 272 YCT
1083. Which of the following is a correct statement? Case II :
(a) Heat producted in a conductor varies directly The wire is cut into two equal pieces. Therefore the
as the current flowing. resistance of the individual wire is R/2. These are
(b) Heat produced in a conductor varies inversely connected in parallel,
as the current flowing. R
(c) Heat produced in a conductor varies directly Q R eq =
4
as the square of the current flowing.
(d) Heat produced in a conductor varies inversely
as the square of the circuit flowing.
COMEDK 2014
Ans. (c): According to Joule's law of heating heat
produced in a conductor.
H = 12Rt
Heat produced in a conductor varies directly as the V2  V2  P2
Q P2 = = 4  = 4P1 ⇒ = 4
square of the current flowing. R  R  P1
1084. Several lamps of 50 W and 100 V rating are 4
available. How many of them can be connected ∴ Ratio of P2 : P1 = 4 : 1
in parallel across a battery of a 120 V of
internal resistance 10Ω, so that all bulbs glow 1086. Assertion: Long distance power transmission is
in full power? done at high voltage.
(a) 2 (b) 4 Reason: At high voltage supply power losses are
less.
(c) 6 (d) 8
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
COMEDK 2015
reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Ans. (b) : Resistance of bulb, (b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
V 2 100 × 100 Reason is not the correct explanation of
R= = = 200Ω Assertion
P 5
'n' lamps connected is parallel, (c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
200 (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are
∴ Total resistance of n lamps = incorrect.
n AIIMS-2014
P 50 1
Current through each lamp = = = A Ans. (a) : As to transmit power over long distance the
V 100 2 transmission is done high voltages supply power losses
n are less.
Current through n lamp = 2
2 P
200 Ploss = I 2 R =   R
Total resistance of circuit = 10 + V
n Power loss is inversely proportional to the square of the
emf voltage.
Q Current, I =
Total resistance 1087. Assertion: When current through a bulb decreases
n 120 n 120n by 0.5%, the glow of bulb decreases by 1%.
= ⇒ = Reason: Glow (Power) which is directly
2 10 + 200 2 10n + 200 proportional to square of current.
n (a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and
10n + 200 = 240 ⇒ 10n = 40 reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
n=4 (b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
1085. A wire when connected to 220 V mains supply Reason is not the correct explanation of
has power dissipation P1. Now the wire is cut Assertion
into two equal pieces which are connected in (c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
parallel to the same supply. Power dissipation (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
in this case is P2. Then P2:P1 is AIIMS-2015
(a) 1 (b) 4 Ans. (a) : We know that,
(c) 2 (d) 3 Power, P = I2R
COMEDK 2016
dP dI
Ans. (b): Case I : =2
P I
= 2 × 0.5 % = 1 %
V2 Glow (Power) is directly proportional to square of
P1 = current. That is why glow of bulb decreases by 1%
R when current through the bulb decreases by 0.5% .
Current Electricity 273 YCT
1088. Assertion: An electric bulb becomes dim, when the 1090. In the circuit shown in figure, the 5Ω
electric heater in parallel circuit is switched on. resistance develops 20.00 cal/s due to the
Reason: Dimness decreases after sometime. current flowing through it. The heat developed
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and in 2Ω resistance (in cal/s) is
the Reason is a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but
Reason in not a correct explanation of the (a) 23.8 (b) 14.2
Assertion. (c) 11.9 (d) 7.1
(c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is AIIMS-2012
incorrect. Ans. (b) : Given,
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are
incorrect.
(e) If the Assertion is incorrect but the Reason is
correct.
AIIMS-2008
Ans. (b) : After some time, when heater coil becomes Heat, H = I2Rt
hot its resistance increases. As a result, current through
the heater coil decreases and the current through the H
= I2 R
bulb filament increases and thus dimness of the bulb t
decreases. H
Therefore, if both Assertion and Reason are correct but For R = 5Ω, and = 20.00 cal / s
t
reason in not a correct explanation of the assertion.
∴ 20 = I12 × 5
1089. A constant voltage is applied between the two
I1 = 2A
ends of a uniform metallic wire. Some heat is
developed in it. The heat developed is double if Voltage across 5Ω = Voltage across (6 + 9)Ω
(a) both the length and radius of wire are halved Now, V = I1 × 5 = I2 × (6 + 9)
(b) both length and radius of wire are doubled 5I1 = 15I2
(c) the radius of wire is doubled 5I
∴ I2 = 1
(d) the length of the wire is doubled. 15
AIIMS-2012 5× 2
Ans. (b) : The heat produced is given by, I2 =
15
V2 2
H= t .....(i) I2 = A
R 3
We know that, Hence, heat in 2Ω resistor per second,
ρl H
R= 2 = ( I1 + I 2 ) × 2
2
πr t
Where, Length of wire = l 2
Radius of wire = r H  2
= 2 +  ×2
ρ = resistivity t  3
On putting the value R in equation (i), We get - H 8
2

2 =   ×2
V t 3
Then, H = t
ρl H
= 14.2 cal / s
πr 2 t
 πr 2  1091. The voltage of clouds is 4 × 106 volt with
H = V2  t .....(ii) respect to round. In a lighting strike lasting 100
 ρl  m sec a charge of 4 coulombs is delivered to the
When, l and r are doubled. ground. The power of lightening strike is
V π ( 2r )
2   (a) 160MW (b) 80MW
2

Then, H ' =   t (c) 20MW (d) 500KW

ρ  2l  AIIMS-2006
V  πr 
2 2 Ans. (a) Given,
H' =  t×2 Voltage of clouds (V) = 4 × 106 V
ρ  l  Time (t) = 100 m second = 100 × 10–3 sec
H' = 2H Charge (Q) = 4 coulombs
So, heat produced will be doubled when both the length Work done (W) = V × Q
and radius of the wire are doubled. W = 4 × 4 × 106 = 16 × 106 J
Current Electricity 274 YCT
We know that, H1 2R
W =
Power (P) = H2 R
t 2
16 × 106 H1 4
P= =
100 × 10 −3 H2 1
P = 16 × 107
P = 160 × 106 ∴ H1 : H2 = 4 : 1
P = 160 MW 1094. The value of current I in the circuit as shown in
1092. An electric bulb marked 40W and 200V, is figure is:
used in a circuit of supply voltage 100V. Now
its power is .
(a) 10W (b) 20W
(c) 40W (d) 100W
AIIMS-2002
Ans. (a) : Given,
Power (P1) = 40W (a) 1.8 A (b) 0.8 A
Voltage (V1) = 200V (c) 0.2 A (d) 1.6 A
Supply voltage (V2) = 100V AIIMS-1998
Let, Resistance of bulb = R
Ans. (b) : Given,
V2
∴ P1 = 1
R
V12 (200) 2
R= =
P1 40
R = 1000Ω
Q R2, R3 and R4 are connected in series.
V2
Now, Power (P2 ) = 2 Total Resistance (R') = R2 + R3 + R4
R R' = 5 + 5 + 5
(100 )
2
R' = 15Ω
P2 =
1000 Now, R1 and R' are connected in parallel.
P2 = 10W  1  1 1
1093. Same length of two identical wires are first So, total resistance   = +
 R ′′  R1 R ′
connected is series and then parallel, then the
amount of heat produced in both the conditions 1 1 1
= +
are in the ratio: R " 5 15
(a) 1 : 4 (b) 4 : 1
15
(c) 3 : 1 (d) 1 : 2 R" = Ω
AIIMS-2000 4
Ans. (b) : Given, V
∴ Current (I) =
Same length of two identical wires. R"
length of wire = l 3 12
Let the resistance be R and current be I for each wire. I= , I=
15 15
If the wire are first connected in series the equivalent
resistance is, R1 = R + R 4
R1 = 2R I = 0.8 A
If connected in parallel, the equivalent resistance is, 1095. Which of the following are the properties of
1 1 1 fuse wire?
= + (a) Made of alloy of tin
R2 R R
(b) Has a low melting point
R (c) Connected in series with main supply
R2 =
2 (d) All of the above
The ratio of heat generated in two cases, BCECE-2014
H1 I 2 R 1 t Ans. (d) : The fuse wire is generally on alloy of lead
=
H2 I2 R 2 t and tin. It has low melting point so its breaks the circuit
H1 R 1 when the current exceeds its maximum value.
= It is connected in series with main supply.
H2 R 2

Current Electricity 275 YCT

1096. An electric bulb is made of tungsten filament of 1098. The current through a bulb is increased by 1%.
resistance R Ω. It is marked 100W and 230V. Assuming that the resistance of the filament
Then, the value of R is- remains unchanged the power of the bulb will –
(a) increase by 1% (b) decrease by 1%
(a) 300Ω (b) 529Ω
(c) increase by 2% (d) decrease by 2%
(c) 739Ω (d) 100Ω BCECE-2009
BCECE-2014 Ans. (c) : Let, Current = I
Ans. (b) : Given, Resistance = R
Resistance = R Ω We know that,
Power (P) = 100 W Power (P) = I2R
Voltage (V) = 230 volt ∴ P ∝ I2
As we know that the power in terms of voltage and P1 (I1 )2
resistance is, Then, =
P2 (I2 ) 2
V2 Q The current through a bulb is increased by 1%
Power, P =
R P1 (I1 )2
V 2 =
Resistance, R = P2  101  2 2
P   I
2
 100 
(230) P1  100 
2
R= = 529Ω =
100  
P2  101 
1097. An electric kettle takes 4A current at 220 V. 2
How much time will it take to boil 1 kg of water P2  101 
=  
from room temperature 200C? (the P1  100 
temperature of boiling water is 1000C) Percentage increase in power
(a) 12.6 min (b) 12.8 min  P2   101  2 
(c) 6.3 min (d) 6.4 min  − 1 % =   − 1 % = 2.01%
BCECE-2013  P1   100  
Ans. (c) : Given, Therefore, the power of the bulb will increase by 2%
Current (I) = 4A 1099. The power dissipated across resistance R which
is connected across a battery of potential V is P.
Voltage (V) = 220 volt If resistance is doubled, then the power
Mass of water (M) = 1 kg = 1000 g becomes–
Temperature (T1) = 20ºC (a) 1/2 (b) 2
Temperature (T2) = 100ºC (c) 1/4 (d) 4
∴ ∆T = T2 – T1 = 100 – 20 = 80ºC BCECE-2008
Specific heat capacity of water (S) = 1 cal/g– Cº Ans. (a) : Power is inversely proportional to resistance
provided potential difference remains constant.
∴ Heat required (Q) = M.S.∆t
We know that,
Q = 1000 × 1 × 80 Power (P) = Vi
Q = 1000 × 80 cal ......(i)
V  V
Now applying joule's law, heat generated by the P = V  Qi = 
conductor, R  R
H= V×I×t V2
P= .....(i)
H = 220 × 4 × t R
H = 880t Joule If resistance is doubled (2R).
880t Then,
H= cal .....(ii)
4.18 V2
P' =
Heat is evolved due to Joule's effect is used up in 2R
boiling water such as V2
2P ' = ......(ii)
Q=H R
880 t On comparing equation (i) and equation (ii)
1000 × 80 = cal P = 2P'
4.18
P
1000 × 80 × 4.18 P' =
t= 2
880
1
t = 380 sec So, Power becomes of initial value.
t = 6.3 min 2

Current Electricity 276 YCT

1100. The electric current passes through a metallic 1102. The heat produced by a 100W heater in 2 min
wire produces heat because of– will be equal to :
(a) collisions of conduction electrons with each (a) 12×103J (b) 10×103J
other (c) 6×10 J 3
(d) 3×103J
(b) collisions of the atoms of the metal with each
BCECE-2004
other
(c) the energy released in the ionization of the Ans. (a) : Given,
atoms of the metal Power (P) = 100W
(d) collisions of the conduction electrons with the Time (t) = 2 min = 2 × 60 = 120 sec
atoms of the metallic wire We know that,
BCECE-2008 W
Ans. (d) : When a current passes through a wire, a part P=
t
of the electrical energy is converted into heat energy as
a result of some resistance experienced by it and as a W=P×t
result the wire gets heated. This is known as heating W = 100 × 120
effect of electric current. The electric current passes W = 12000 J
through a metallic wire produces heat because of W = 12 × 103 J
collisions of the conduction electrons with the atoms of 1103. Two identical heaters of 220V, 1000W are
the metallic wire. placed in parallel with each other across 220V
1001. Two wires have resistances R and 2R. When line, then the combined power is:
both are joining in series and in parallel, then (a) 1000W (b) 2000W
ratio of heats generated in these situations on (c) 500W (d) 4000W
applying the same voltage, is :
(a) 2 : 1 (b) 1 : 2 BCECE-2003
(c) 2 : 9 (d) 9 : 2 Ans. (b) : When two identical heater are connected
BCECE-2004 across a given voltage then,
Ans. (c) : Given, Equivalent power P = P1 + P2
Resistance (R1) = R P = 1000 + 1000 = 2000 W
R2 = 2R 1104. An electric bulb marked as 50 W-200 V is
When two wires are joining in series. connected across a 100 V supply. The present
The net resistance (R') = R1 + R2 power of the bulb is
R' = R + 2R (a) 37.5 W (b) 25 W
R' = 3R (c) 12.5 W (d) 10 W
Heat produced in R', WB JEE 2012
V2 V2 J&K CET- 2010
HS = = .....(i) Ans. (c) : Given,
R ' 3R
When two wires are joining in parallel. P1 = 50 W
V1 = 200 V
 1  1 1
The net resistance  = + V2 = 100 V
 R "  R 2R Let, Resistance of the bulb = R
2R We know that,
R" =
3 V2
Heat produced in R", Power, P1 = 1
R
V2 V2 V 2
H" = , H" = R= 1
R" 2R P1
3
(200) 2
3 V2 R=
H" = .....(ii) 50
2 R
On dividing equation (i) by equation (ii) R = 800Ω
Then,
V2
V22
H' Power, P2 =
= 3R R
H" 3V 2
2R (100) 2
P2 =
H' 2 800
= P2 = 12.5 W
H" 9
∴ H' : H" = 2 : 9 Therefore, the present power of the bulb is 12.5 W.

Current Electricity 277 YCT

1105. An electrical cable having a resistance of 0.2Ω V 2 (110) 2
∴ P' = 2 =
delivers 10 kW at 200 V D.C. to a factory. R ' 302.50
What is the efficiency of transmission? P' = 40W
(a) 65% (b) 75% Then the power generated in each resistor is
(c) 85% (d) 95% 40
WB JEE 2009 P" =
2
Ans. (d) : Given, P" = 20 W
P = 10 kW = 10 × 103 1107. The resistors of 6 Ω and 9 Ω are connected in
V = 200 V series to a 120V source. The power consumed
Power, P = VI by 6 Ω resistor is :
P (a) 384 W (b) 606 W
I=
V (c) 1500 W (d) 1800 W
MP PMT-2013
10 ×103
I= = 50A Ans. (a) : Given,
200
R1 = 6Ω
Power loss = I2R
R2 = 9Ω
= (50)2 × (0.2) V = 120 volts
= 500 W ∴ R' = R1 + R2 = 6 + 9
Q efficiency of transmission R' = 15Ω
10000 According to Ohm's law,
= × 100 = 95%
(10000 + 500 ) V
=R
I
1106. Two electric resistors have equal values of
V 120
resistance R. Each can be operated with a I= =
power of 320 watts (W) at 220 volts. If the two R 15
resistors are connected in series to a 110 volts I = 8A
electric supply, then the power generated in Power consumed in 6Ω resistance,
each resistor is Power (P) = I2 R
(a) 90 watts (b) 81 watts P = (8)2 × 6 [∴ R = 6Ω]
(c) 60 watts (d) 20 watts P = 64 × 6
TS EAMCET (Engg.)-2016 P = 384 W
1108. A heater is marked 500 watt, 200 volts. The
Ans. (d) : Given,
cost of using the heater for four hours at 15
Two electric resistor have equal values of resistance R
paisa per unit is :
Power (P) = 320 W (a) 90 paisa (b) 60 paisa
V1 = 220 volts (c) 30 paisa (d) 15 paisa
V2 = 110 volts MP PET -2013
We know that, Ans. (c) : Given,
V12 P = 500 watt
Power, P =
R V = 200 volts
V12 (220) 2 Time (t) = 4 hours
R= = We know that,
P 320
Energy = power × time
Resistance, R = 151.25Ω
= 500 × 4
If the two resistors are connected in series.
= 2000
Then, Total resistance (R') = R + R = 2 kWh
R' = 2R
As 1 kWh is considered as 1 unit
R' = 2 × 151.25
So, cost = 2 unit × 15 paisa/unit
R' = 302.50Ω
= 30 paisa

Current Electricity 278 YCT

1109. Two bulbs consume the same power when
Req =
( R / 2) × ( R / 2) = R
operated at 200 V and 300 V respectively. R R 4
+
When these bulbs are connected in series 2 2
across a D.C. source of 500 V then the ratio of
V2 V2
potential difference across them is P2 = =4 = 4P1
R/4 R
2 4
(a) (b) P2
3 9 =4
P1
6 8
(c) (d)
27 24 1111. On a heater coil it is written that, 250 V, 500
AMU-2016 W. What is the resistance of this coil?
Ans. (b) : According to question, (a) 62.5Ω (b) 100 Ω
P1 = P2 (c) 200 Ω (d) 125 Ω
2
V CG PET- 2015
Power, P =
R Ans. (d) : Suppose that,
2 2
V V V = 250 volt
∴ =1 2
[Q P1 = P2 ]
R1 R 2 P = 500 W
2
R 1 V1 V2
= 2 Power, P =
R 2 V2 R
V2
R 1 ( 200 )
2
4 Resistance, R =
= = P
R 2 ( 300 ) 2
9
250 × 250
Now, bulbs are connected in series then current will be R=
500
same in both bulbs.
R = 125Ω
1112. A constant potential difference is applied
across the ends of a wire. Which one of the
following operations will reduce the rate of
Or I1 = I2 heat generation to half?
V1 V2 (a) Both length and diameter are halved.
=
R1 R 2 (b) Both length and diameter are doubled.
The ratio of potential difference (c) Diameter is halved and length is doubled.
V1 R 1 4 (d) Diameter is doubled and length is halved.
= =
V2 R 2 9 SCRA-2012
1110. A wire when connected to 220 V mains supply Ans. (a): Heat produced by metallic wire.
has power dissipation P1. Now the wire is cut
V2
into two equal pieces which are connected in Q= t
R
parallel to the same supply. Power dissipation
Where,
in this case is P2. Then P2: P1 is
(a) 1 (b) 4 ρL
Resistance, R =
(c) 2 (d) 3 A
2
AMU-2015 V t
Heat, H =
Ans. (b) : We know that,  ρL 
 
 A 
V2
Power, P1 =
R V 2 tA
H=
When connected in parallel ρL

Current Electricity 279 YCT

 V 2 tπd 2 V2 V2
H= Req = +
4ρL P1 P2
d2 V 2 V 2 2V 2 V 2
H∝ Req = + = =
L 60 60 60 30
When, d1 = d, d2 = d/2
V2
L1 = L, L2 = L/2 Put the value of Req = in equation (i),
30
d2
H1 = V2
L Peq =
V2
(d / 2)
2

H2 = 30
( L / 2) Peq = 30 W
d2
2 1114. One filament takes 10 min to heat a kettle and
H2 = ×
4 L another takes 15 min if connected in parallel.
1 d2 They combindly take…… minute to heat the
H2 = same kettle.
2 L
H1 (a) 6 (b) 12.5
H2 = (c) 25 (d) 7.5
2
1113. Two bulbs when connected in parallel to a UP CPMT-2003
source take 60 W each, the total power Ans. (a) : We know that,
consumed, when they are connected in series V2 V2
with the same source is Heat, H = t ⇒ R = t
R H
(a) 15 W (b) 30 W In first filament
(c) 60 W (d) 120 W
V2
UP CPMT-2012 R1 = t1 ….(i)
H
Ans. (b) : Given,
In second filament
Two bulb of Power, P1 = P2 = 60 W
V2
R2 = t2 ….(ii)
H
When filament in parallel
V2
H= t eq
R eq
We know that,
V2
V2 Req = t eq ….(iii)
Peq = ......(i) H
R eq
From equation (i), (ii) and (iii), we get–
V2
So, R1 = 1 1 1
P1 = +
R eq R 1 R 2
V2
and R2 = H H H
P2 = +
V 2 t eq V 2 t1 V 2 t 2
Now, when both bulb connected in series,
1 1 1 3+ 2 5
= + = =
t eq 10 15 30 30

30
t eq =
5

Req= R1 + R2 teq = 6 mm

Current Electricity 280 YCT