Performance Study on Private and Public Sector
Banks
A Comparative Study of HDFC, ICICI, Axis, SBI, PNB and BOB in the Pre and Post COVID-19 Era
Submitted for Winter Internship Project (BBA Semester VI)
Format: PDF
Chapter 1: Introduction
The banking sector plays a vital role in the economic development of India. Banks act as financial
intermediaries by mobilizing savings and channeling them into productive investments.
This study focuses on the comparative performance of selected private and public sector banks
before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
COVID-19 created unprecedented challenges for banks due to loan defaults, reduced economic
activity, and liquidity pressure.
Chapter 2: Overview of Indian Banking Sector
The Indian banking system consists of public sector banks, private sector banks, regional rural
banks and cooperative banks.
Private sector banks are known for efficiency and technology adoption, while public sector banks
focus on financial inclusion.
Chapter 3: Literature Review
Various studies have analyzed bank performance using ratio analysis. Most studies indicate that
private banks outperform public banks in profitability, while public banks face higher NPAs.
Post-COVID studies show gradual recovery in asset quality and profitability.
Chapter 4: Research Methodology
Objectives of the Study:
1. To analyze the financial performance of selected banks.
2. To compare pre and post COVID-19 performance.
3. To evaluate asset quality, profitability and efficiency.
Period of Study: Pre-COVID (2017-2019), Post-COVID (2020-2023).
Sample Banks: HDFC, ICICI, Axis, SBI, PNB, BOB.
Tools Used: Ratio Analysis.
Capital Adequacy Ratio
This ratio measures the financial strength and stability of banks.
Comparative analysis shows that private sector banks perform better in this ratio compared to
public sector banks, especially in the post-COVID period.
Gross NPA Ratio
This ratio indicates the quality of loan assets of banks.
Comparative analysis shows that private sector banks perform better in this ratio compared to
public sector banks, especially in the post-COVID period.
Net NPA Ratio
This ratio reflects the actual credit risk after provisions.
Comparative analysis shows that private sector banks perform better in this ratio compared to
public sector banks, especially in the post-COVID period.
Credit Deposit Ratio
This ratio measures how efficiently banks utilize deposits.
Comparative analysis shows that private sector banks perform better in this ratio compared to
public sector banks, especially in the post-COVID period.
Return on Assets (ROA)
This ratio indicates overall profitability of banks.
Comparative analysis shows that private sector banks perform better in this ratio compared to
public sector banks, especially in the post-COVID period.
Net Interest Margin (NIM)
This ratio shows core interest-based profitability.
Comparative analysis shows that private sector banks perform better in this ratio compared to
public sector banks, especially in the post-COVID period.
Chapter 6: Findings
Private sector banks showed better capital adequacy and profitability.
Public sector banks faced higher NPAs during COVID-19.
Post-COVID recovery is visible across all banks.
Chapter 7: Conclusion and Suggestions
The study concludes that private sector banks performed better overall compared to public sector
banks.
Public sector banks should focus on improving asset quality and operational efficiency.
Both sectors showed recovery after COVID-19.
Bibliography
1. RBI Annual Reports
2. Bank Annual Reports
3. Moneycontrol Website
