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Background Subtraction Techniques Explained

This document discusses background subtraction, which is a technique used in image processing and computer vision to extract foreground objects for further analysis. It involves detecting moving objects by taking the difference between the current video frame and a reference frame, based on the assumption that the background is static. The document outlines some basic background subtraction methods, such as frame differencing and thresholding, and discusses applications like video surveillance, motion capture, and human-computer interaction. Example MATLAB code is provided to demonstrate background subtraction using frame differencing and thresholding.

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juairiya jahan
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119 views14 pages

Background Subtraction Techniques Explained

This document discusses background subtraction, which is a technique used in image processing and computer vision to extract foreground objects for further analysis. It involves detecting moving objects by taking the difference between the current video frame and a reference frame, based on the assumption that the background is static. The document outlines some basic background subtraction methods, such as frame differencing and thresholding, and discusses applications like video surveillance, motion capture, and human-computer interaction. Example MATLAB code is provided to demonstrate background subtraction using frame differencing and thresholding.

Uploaded by

juairiya jahan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

BACKGROUND

SUBTRACTION
Iftekharul Islam (C133014)
Amanat Ullah Juwel (C133008)

1
Background subtraction, also known as foreground detection
is a technique in the fields of image processing and computer vision
wherein an image's foreground is extracted for further processing
(object recognition etc.)

Background subtraction is a widely used approach for detecting


moving objects in videos from static cameras.
detecting the moving objects from the difference between the current
frame and a reference frame
based on a static background hypothesis(often not applicable in real
environments)

WHAT IS BACKGROUND
SUBTRACTION?
2
Moving object tracking by using PTZ camera

BACKGROUND SUBTRACTION
3
Surveillance tracking or human poses estimation
Video Surveillance
Optical Motion Capture
Human Computer Interaction
Content based Video Coding
Trafc monitoring
Real-time Motion Gesture Recognition

APPLICATIONS

4
Detecting moving objects:

Current Frame Reference Frame Background Image

Difference

FRAME DIFFERENCE METHOD

5
Image at time t: Background at time t:
I (x, y, t) B(x, y, t)

> Th

1. Estimate the background for time t.


2. Subtract the estimated background from the input frame.
3. Apply a threshold, Th, to the absolute difference to get the
foreground mask.

SIMPLE APPROACH
6
Frame difference:
| frameiframesi-1| > Th
The estimated background is just the previous frame
It evidently works only in particular conditions of objects speed
and frame rate
Very sensitive to the threshold Th

THE BASIC METHODS


7
Background is estimated to be the previous frame. Background
subtraction equation then becomes:
B(x ,y ,t) = I (x ,y ,t-1)

I (x, y, t) - I (x, y, t 1) > Th

FRAME DIFFERENCING
8
TH = 50 TH = 150

TH = 100 TH = 130

9
THRESHOLDING
Delay

Video Background Foreground Data Foreground


Preprocessing
Frame Modeling Detection Validation Masks

Flow diagram of a generic background subtraction algorithm

BACKGROUND SUBTRACTION
ALGORITHMS
10
Coding: Applying basic methods

Using Frame Difference and


Thresholding

Applying on images

BACKGROUND SUBTRACTION USING


MATLAB 11
12
OUTPUT IMAGES
13
OUTPUT IMAGES
THANK YOU

14

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