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Understanding Routing and IP Addresses

This document provides an overview of routing and networking basics. It discusses that routing is the process of moving data packets from source to destination, which is usually performed by dedicated routers. Routing enables messages to pass between computers and reach their target. Routers use routing tables to determine the best path. The document also defines routers as devices that interconnect networks and exchange packet data. It describes routing protocols that routers use to communicate and find packet paths. Routing tables contain IP addresses and data to specify destination ranges for remote routers or gateways. The document provides brief explanations of IP addresses, IP address classes, MAC addresses, and how to find a device's IP address on a local area network.

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Sameera Ushantha
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57 views13 pages

Understanding Routing and IP Addresses

This document provides an overview of routing and networking basics. It discusses that routing is the process of moving data packets from source to destination, which is usually performed by dedicated routers. Routing enables messages to pass between computers and reach their target. Routers use routing tables to determine the best path. The document also defines routers as devices that interconnect networks and exchange packet data. It describes routing protocols that routers use to communicate and find packet paths. Routing tables contain IP addresses and data to specify destination ranges for remote routers or gateways. The document provides brief explanations of IP addresses, IP address classes, MAC addresses, and how to find a device's IP address on a local area network.

Uploaded by

Sameera Ushantha
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Routing & Basics

Presented by Group 1

Subject : Networks & the Internet (CNW201)


Routing
 The process of moving a packet of data from source to destination

 Routing is usually performed by a dedicated device called a router

 Routing is a key feature of the Internet because it enables


messages to pass from one computer to another and eventually
reach the target machine

 Part of this process involves analyzing a routing table to determine


the best path.
What is a Router
• A router is a device that interconnects two or
more computer networks, and selectively
interchanges packets of data between them.
Routing Protocols
• A routing protocol is a protocol that specifies
how routers communicate with each other

• Set of rules defining the way router machines


find the way that packets containing
information have to follow to reach intended
destination.
Routing Table
• A routing table is used by TCP/IP network routers to calculate the
destinations of messages it is responsible for forwarding. The table
is a small in-memory database managed by the router's built-in
hardware and software.

• Routing tables contain a list of IP addresses. Each IP address


identifies a remote router (or other network gateway) that the local
router is configured to recognize

• For each IP address, the routing table additionally stores a network


mask and other data that specifies the destination IP address ranges
that remote device will accept.
IP ADDRESS
• An Internet Protocol (IP) address is a numerical label that
is assigned to devices participating in a computer network,
that uses the Internet Protocol for communication between
its nodes.

• Two versions of the Internet Protocol (IP) are in use: IP


Version 4 and IP Version 6.

• IP addresses were originally organized into classes. The


address class determined the potential size of the network.
IP ADDRESSING
IP ADDRESS CLASSES
MAC ADDRESS
• A Media Access Control address or MAC address is a unique code assigned to every piece of
hardware that connects to the Internet.
Eg:- Internet capable phones, Network Interface Cards for desktop or notebook computers, Wireless
Access Cards, and even some memory cards are among the devices that are assigned MAC addresses.

• When a manufacturer creates a network capable piece of hardware they will assign the MAC
address which will usually begin with a code that is tied to the manufacturer. The MAC address
will be unique to every device, even two devices of the same type.

• A device’s MAC address is composed of six pairs of hexadecimal numbers. The numbers are
separated by colons as in the following example:
6E:51:F5:c1:11:00

• MAC addresses are used at the data link layer of the OSI hardware model to allow packets to be
passed directly between devices on a network. This helps to ensure that the data is sent to a
physical device before being decoded and/or manipulated by a device
MAC ADDRESS
FINDING THE IP ADDRESS ON THE LAN
THANK YOU

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