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Flame Photometer

This document discusses flame photometry and atomic absorption spectrophotometry techniques. Flame photometry involves exciting atoms with flame heat energy, which causes them to emit specific spectra when returning to ground state. Absorbance is directly proportional to concentration. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry uses a hollow cathode lamp to produce monochromatic light, which is passed through a flame and sample. Most atoms remain in ground state and absorb their resonance lines, allowing transmitted light to be detected and concentrations measured. Both techniques are used to estimate electrolytes and trace metals in biological samples.

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Kuzhandai Velu
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2K views18 pages

Flame Photometer

This document discusses flame photometry and atomic absorption spectrophotometry techniques. Flame photometry involves exciting atoms with flame heat energy, which causes them to emit specific spectra when returning to ground state. Absorbance is directly proportional to concentration. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry uses a hollow cathode lamp to produce monochromatic light, which is passed through a flame and sample. Most atoms remain in ground state and absorb their resonance lines, allowing transmitted light to be detected and concentrations measured. Both techniques are used to estimate electrolytes and trace metals in biological samples.

Uploaded by

Kuzhandai Velu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

FLAME PHOTOMETRY

N. SWETHA FINAL YEAR, M.Sc (MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY) DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY SRM MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL AND RESEARCH CENTRE

FLAME PHOTOMETRY
Flame photometry is a technique used for estimation of electrolytes such as sodium, potassium and lithium Involves the excitation of electrons in an atom by the heat energy of the flame.

The electrons are unstable in excited state and give up their excess energy to the environment and emits specific spectra Absorbance is directly proportional to the concentration of element

COMPONENTS OF FLAME PHOTOMETER


 Aspirator Burner and flame Monochromator or a filter Detector Galvanometer

FLAME PHOTOMETER

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATOMIC ABSORPTION AND FLAME EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY

Flame Emission
 It measures the radiation

Atomic Absorption
It measures the radiation

emitted by the excited atoms that is related to concentration.


 Being dependent upon the

number of excited atoms, is greatly influenced by temperature variations.

absorbed by the unexcited atoms that are determined Depends only upon the number of unexcited atoms, the absorption intensity is not directly affected by the temperature of the flame

EMISSION FLAME PHOTOMETRY


Heat energy is supplied Atoms of alkali metals become excited Electrons attain a high energy state Emit photons of light when they return back to their original ground state

Emitted light passes through a suitable filter Detected by a photocell Measured by galvanometer Assay 20 elements in biological samples

ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY


Hollow Cathode lamp monochromatic light Consists of 2 electrodes anode and cathode Lamp is filled with argon High voltage is applied

Electrons migrate towards anode Colloid with gas atoms Excite metal ions Emit light at the characteristic wavelength

(Resonance lines)

ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

PRINCIPLE
Monochromatic light is produced Beamed through a flame into which the solution is aspirated Heat energy ionizes the atoms

Most atoms remain in the ground state Absorb their own resonance lines Monochromator passes only wavelength close to the resonance lines Transmitted light is detected

ADVANTAGES
Very sensitive Highly specific

DISADVANTAGES
Limited to metals only

Need for a separate lamp source

APPLICATIONS
Simple Less time consuming Determination of trace metals in body fluids

Aid in diagnosis Monitor the therapeutic use of lithium salts in treatment of psychiatric disorders

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