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Abg Analysis: Presented by Anuja Nair Sy MSC Nursing

This document provides information about arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis. It defines ABG as the sampling of oxygen and carbon dioxide levels from arteries. An ABG test measures pH, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels to evaluate lung and respiratory function. It lists the normal ranges for pH, pO2, pCO2, HCO3, and other values. Common acid-base disorders like respiratory acidosis and alkalosis and their effects on pH, pCO2 and HCO3 are outlined. Steps for ABG analysis and potential complications are also discussed.

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Anuja Nair
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2K views15 pages

Abg Analysis: Presented by Anuja Nair Sy MSC Nursing

This document provides information about arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis. It defines ABG as the sampling of oxygen and carbon dioxide levels from arteries. An ABG test measures pH, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels to evaluate lung and respiratory function. It lists the normal ranges for pH, pO2, pCO2, HCO3, and other values. Common acid-base disorders like respiratory acidosis and alkalosis and their effects on pH, pCO2 and HCO3 are outlined. Steps for ABG analysis and potential complications are also discussed.

Uploaded by

Anuja Nair
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Title Page
  • Introduction
  • Definition
  • Components of Blood Gas
  • Indications
  • Normal ABG Parameter Normal Value
  • 6 Steps to ABG Analysis
  • Acid-Base Disorders
  • Acid-Base Disorders Chart
  • Partially Compensated Acid-Base Disorders
  • Complications
  • ABG Report Example
  • Metabolic Alkalosis Compensated Respiratory Acidosis
  • Second ABG Report Example

ABG ANALYSIS

PRESENTED BY
ANUJA NAIR
SY MSC NURSING
INTRODUCTION
A blood gas test measures the amount of oxygen and
carbon dioxide in the blood. It may also be used to
determine the pH of the blood Analysis of arterial blood
gases (ABG) is useful for patients with suspected
respiratory or metabolic diseases
DEFINITION
• Arterial blood gas (ABG): The sampling of the blood levels of oxygen
and carbon dioxide within the arteries, as opposed to the levels of
oxygen and carbon dioxide in venous blood. Typically the acidity, or
pH, of the blood is measured simultaneously with the gas levels in
ABG
• An Arterial Blood gas test measures the acidity (pH) and the level of
oxygen and carbon-di-oxide in the blood from the artery. • This is used
to check how well the lungs are able to move oxygen into the blood
and remove carbon-di-oxide from the blood.
1.COMPONENTS OF BLOOD GAS
• Oxygen- pao2, sao2,
• ventilator- pco2
• acid-base- pH, HCO3
2.COMMON TERMS
• PCO2 (ventilation): partial carbon di oxide
• PaO2 (Oxygenation): partial Oxygen
• HCO3 (metabolism): Bicarbonate
• O2 sat : Oxygen saturation
• pH : Acid-base balance
• BE : Base excess
INDICATIONS
• Sepsis.
• Respiratory failure • Burns.
• Cardiac failure. • Poisons/toxins.
• Liver failure. • Ventilated patients.
• Renal failure. • Sleep studies.
• Hyperglycaemic. • Severely unwell patients from
• Multiorgan failure. any cause affects prognosis.
NORMAL ABG PARAMETER NORMAL
VALUE
• pH 7.35-7.45
• PaCO2 35-45 mg/dl
• PO2 70-100 mg/dl
• SaO2 ≥ 93%
• HCO3 22-26 mEq/l
• BE -2 to +2 mEq/l
6 STEPS TO ABG ANALYSIS
• Is the pH normal?
• Is the co2 normal?
• Is the HCO3 normal?
• Match the co2 or HCO3 with the pH
• Does the co2 or HCO3 go the opposite direction?
• Are the pO2 and O2 sat. normal?
ACID-BASE DISORDERS:
Primary acid base disorder
• Respiratory acidosis
• Respiratory alkalosis
• Metabolic acidosis
• Metabolic alkalosis
• Compensation
• Mixed acid base disorder
• ACID-BASE DISORDERS:
Ph PaCO2 HCO3
• Respiratory acidosis ↓ ↑ Normal
• Respiratory alkalosis ↑ ↓ Normal
• Metabolic acidosis ↓ Normal ↓
• Metabolic alkalosis ↑ Normal ↑
PARTIALLY COMPENSATED ACID- BASE DISORDERS
PH PaCO2 HCO3
• Respiratory acidosis ↓ ↑ ↑
• Respiratory alkalosis ↑ ↓ ↓
• Metabolic acidosis ↓ ↓ ↓
• Metabolic alkalosis ↑ ↑ ↑
COMPLICATIONS
• Hematoma
• Thrombosis and embolism
• Infection
• Inaccurate blood gas result
• Excessive heparin may result in a false pH and paco2
• Air bubbles may falsely elevate the pao2 and falsely lower the paco2
• METABOLIC ALKALOSIS COMPENSATED RESPIRATORY
ACIDOSIS

ABG ANALYSIS PRESENTED BY ANUJA NAIR SY MSC NURSING
INTRODUCTION A blood gas test measures the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. It may also be used to determi
DEFINITION • Arterial blood gas (ABG): The sampling of the blood levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the arteries, as
1.COMPONENTS OF BLOOD GAS • Oxygen- pao2, sao2, • ventilator- pco2 • acid-base- pH, HCO3 2.COMMON TERMS • PCO2 (ventilat
INDICATIONS • Respiratory failure • Cardiac failure. • Liver failure. • Renal failure. • Hyperglycaemic. • Multiorgan fa
NORMAL ABG PARAMETER NORMAL VALUE • pH 7.35-7.45 • PaCO2 35-45 mg/dl • PO2 70-100 mg/dl • SaO2 ≥ 93% • HCO3
6 STEPS TO ABG ANALYSIS • Is the pH normal? • Is the co2 normal? • Is the HCO3 normal? • Match the co2 or HCO3 with the pH
ACID-BASE DISORDERS: Primary acid base disorder • Respiratory acidosis • Respiratory alkalosis • Metabolic acidosis • Met
• ACID-BASE DISORDERS: Ph PaCO2 HCO3 • Respiratory acidos
PARTIALLY COMPENSATED ACID- BASE DISORDERS PH PaCO2 HCO3 • Respiratory

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