STORING DATA

WHAT IS STORAGE DEVICE

TYPES OF DIGITAL STORAGE DEVICES
DATA STORAGE MANAGEMENT
MEASURING AND IMPROVING DRIVE PERFORMANCE
STORAGE

• Storage is a process through which digital data is saved within a data storage
device by means of computing technology. Storage is a mechanism that enables a
computer to retain data, either temporarily or permanently.
• Storage devices such as flash drives and hard disks are a fundamental component
of most digital devices since they allow users to preserve all kinds of information
such as videos, documents, pictures and raw data.
• Storage may also be referred to as computer data storage or electronic data
storage.
TWO MAJOR TYPES:

• Volatile Memory Storage - Requires a continuous supply of electricity to

store/retain data. It acts as a computer’s primary storage for temporarily
storing data and handling application workloads.
• Non-Volatile Storage - A type of storage mechanism that retains digital data
even if it’s powered off or isn’t supplied with electrical power. This is often
referred to as a secondary storage mechanism, and is used for permanent data
storage requiring I/O operations.
STORAGE DEVICE

• is any type of computing hardware that is used for storing, porting or

extracting data files and objects. Storage devices can hold and store
information both temporarily and permanently.
• may also be known as a storage medium or storage media depending on
whether it is seen as discrete in nature
TWO TYPES OF STORAGE DEVICES
• Primary Storage Devices -
Generally smaller in size, primary
storage devices are designed to hold
data temporarily and are internal to
the computer. They have the fastest
data access speed. These types of
devices include RAM and cache
memory.
• Secondary Storage Devices -
Secondary storage devices usually
have larger storage capacity, and
they store data permanently. They
can be either internal or external to
the computer. These types of devices
include the hard disk, the optical
disk drive and USB storage device.
TYPES OF STORAGE DEVICES

• Primary Storage Devices

• Magnetic Storage Devices
• Flash Memory Devices
• Optical Storage Devices
• Cloud and Virtual Storage
PRIMARY STORAGE DEVICES

• is any storage device or component that can store nonvolatile data in

computers, servers and other computing devices. It is used to hold/store data
and applications temporarily or for a shorter period of time while the
computer is running.
• Primary storage is also known as main storage, main memory or internal
memory.
PRIMARY STORAGE DEVICES

• RAM means random access memory which is used to access any

temporary data and to get intermediate results for the usage of that
information. It is also known as temporary memory because the data will be
stored only till the computer system is on, if it’s turned off the data will be
lost.
• ROM means read-only memory. This is also known as non-volatile
memory as the information here is stored permanently until and unless it’s
deleted by the user.
MAGNETIC STORAGE DEVICES

• is a storage device that uses a magnetization process to write, rewrite and

access data. It is covered with a magnetic coating and stores data in the form
of tracks, spots and sectors.
MAGNETIC STORAGE DEVICES

• Floppy Disk - It is a type of storage device which is used in the personal

computer on a personal basis. Floppy disk is generally used with plastic and
is made secure by using protective cases.
MAGNETIC STORAGE DEVICES

• Hard disk - It’s a hard disc drive (HDD) that uses magnetic storage to store
and retrieve data. It’s a non-volatile device that stores data that could be
changed or deleted an infinite number of times.
MAGNETIC STORAGE DEVICES

• Magnetic tape - In magnetic tape only one side of the ribbon is used for
storing data. It is sequential memory which contains thin plastic ribbon to
store data and coated by magnetic oxide. Data read/write speed is slower
because of sequential access. It is highly reliable which requires magnetic
tape drive writing and reading data.
FLASH MEMORY

• also known as flash storage, is a type of nonvolatile memory that erases data
in units called blocks and rewrites data at the byte level. Flash memory is
widely used for storage and data transfer in consumer devices, enterprise
systems and industrial applications. Flash memory retains data for an
extended period regardless of whether a flash-equipped device is powered on
or off.
FLASH MEMORY

• Pen Drive - This is also called a USB drive since it has flash memory and a
built-in USB interface. These devices can be immediately connected to our
desktops and laptops, allowing us to read data into them even more quickly
and efficiently.
FLASH MEMORY

• Solid State Drive - a type of mass storage technology similar to hard disc
drives. It is much more resilient than hard drives as it does not require visual
discs.
SD CARD

• A Contactless Smart Card is what it’s called. It is commonly used for storing
greater information on electronic devices such as phones, cameras, and so on.
MEMORY CARD

• It’s commonly found in digital cameras, printers, gaming consoles, and other
electronic devices. It may be used to carry lots of data and comes in a variety
of sizes. A memory card reader is required to use a storage device on a
computer.
OPTICAL STORAGE

• is any storage type in which data is written and read with a laser. Typically,
data is written to optical media such as compact discs (CDs) and digital
versatile discs (DVDs).
COMMON EXAMPLE OF OPTICAL STORAGE

• Compact Disk (CD) - The CD represents the first generation of commercial

optical storage. After its introduction, it quickly replaced both vinyl records
and cassette tapes as the audio medium of choice. Originally, CDs were
available only as prerecorded read-only disks, but it wasn't long before they
became available as recordable discs and rewritable discs that could be used
for data storage. The CD can hold up to up 700 megabytes (MBs) of data.
COMMON EXAMPLE OF OPTICAL STORAGE

• Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) - Also referred to as the digital video disc, the
DVD started out as a read-only medium similar to CDs but with the ability to
hold enough data to store a full-length movie. A single-layer DVD can hold
4.7 gigabytes (GB) of data, and a double-layer disc can hold 8.5 GB. Not
long after DVDs were introduced, recordable and rewritable discs became
available for data storage.
COMMON EXAMPLE OF OPTICAL STORAGE

• Blu-ray - has emerged as clear leader in today's optical storage market.

Unlike CDs and DVDs, which use a red laser to read and write data, a Blu-
ray disk uses a blue laser, which dramatically increases capacities and data
transfer rates over CDs and DVDs. Today's Blu-ray discs can store up to 128
GB of data and are available as read-only disks that can hold prerecorded
high-definition feature films as well as recordable and rewritable disks for
data storage.
CLOUD AND VIRTUAL STORAGE

• Cloud Storage - allows you to save data and files in an off-site location that you access either through
the public internet or a dedicated private network connection. Data that you transfer off-site for
storage becomes the responsibility of a third-party cloud provider. The provider hosts, secures,
manages, and maintains the servers and associated infrastructure and ensures you have access to the
data whenever you need it. Cloud storage services provide elasticity, which means you can scale
capacity as your data volumes increase or dial down capacity if necessary. By storing data in a cloud,
your organization save by paying for storage technology and capacity as a service, rather than
investing in the capital costs of building and maintaining in-house storage networks. You pay for only
exactly the capacity you use. While your costs might increase over time to account for higher data
volumes, you don’t have to overprovision storage networks in anticipation of increased data volume.
TYPES OF CLOUD STORAGE

• Private Cloud Storage - is also known as enterprise or internal cloud storage.

Data is stored on the company or organization’s intranet in this case. This data
is protected by the company’s own firewall. Private cloud storage is a great
option for companies with expensive data centers and can manage data privacy
in-house. A major advantage of saving data on a private cloud is that it offers
complete control to the user. On the other hand, one of the major drawbacks of
private cloud storage is the cost and effort of maintenance and updates. The
responsibility of managing private cloud storage lies with the host company.
TYPES OF CLOUD STORAGE

• Public Cloud Storage - requires few administrative controls and can be

accessed online by the user and anyone else who the user authorizes. With
public cloud storage, the user/company doesn’t need to maintain the system.
Public cloud storage is hosted by different solution providers, so there’s very
little opportunity for customizing the security fields, as they are common for
all users. Public cloud storage is easily scalable, affordable, reliable and
offers seamless monitoring and zero maintenance.
TYPES OF CLOUD STORAGE

• Hybrid Cloud Storage - is a combination of private and public cloud

storage. As the name suggests, hybrid cloud storage offers the best of both
worlds to the user – the security of a private cloud and the personalization of
a public cloud. In a hybrid cloud, data can be stored on the private cloud, and
information processing tasks can be assigned to the public cloud as well, with
the help of cloud computing services. Hybrid cloud storage is affordable and
offers easy customization and greater user control.
TYPES OF CLOUD STORAGE

• Community Cloud Storage - is a variation of the private cloud storage

model, which offers cloud solutions for specific businesses or communities.
In this model, cloud storage providers offer their cloud architecture, software
and other development tools to meet the community’s requirements. Any data
is stored on the community-owned private cloud storage to manage the
community’s security and compliance needs. Community cloud storage is a
great option for health, financial or legal companies with strict compliance
policies.
CLOUD STORAGE ADOPTION
BENEFITS
• Flexibility and Ease of Access - Cloud
storage means that your data is not tied
down to any one location. Various
stakeholders can access assets stored on
the cloud from a location and device of
their choice without any download or
installation hassles.
CHALLENGES
• Risk of Vendor Lock-in - If all your data
is stored in a single public cloud platform,
there’s a risk of vendor lock-in and
potential inflexibilities. Address this with
a hybrid or multi-cloud blueprint where
there is sufficient interoperability between
environments.
CLOUD STORAGE ADOPTION
BENEFITS
• Remote Management Support - Cloud
storage also paves the way for remote
management either by internal IT teams
or by managed service providers (MSPs).
They can troubleshoot without being
present on-site, speeding up issue
resolution.
CHALLENGES
• Security issues around multi-tenancy -
Public cloud environments are shared by
multiple tenants, which can multiply your
security vulnerabilities. You can prevent
this through cloud data protection and by
leveraging the private cloud for sensitive
data.
CLOUD STORAGE ADOPTION
BENEFITS
• Fast Scalability - A major benefit of
cloud storage is that you can provision
new resources with only a few clicks
without the need for any additional
infrastructure. When faced with an
unprecedented increase in data volumes,
this feature aids business continuity.
CHALLENGES
• Fragmentation of IT Landscape -
Unplanned cloud storage adoption can
cause your IT landscape to become
fragmented over time. That’s why you
need a detailed strategic blueprint
outlining your short, mid, and long-term
cloud roadmap.
CLOUD STORAGE ADOPTION
BENEFITS
• Redundancy for backup - Data
redundancy (i.e., replicating the same
data in multiple locations) is essential for
an effective backup mechanism. The
cloud ensures your data is kept secure in a
remote location in case of a natural
disaster, accident, or cyberattack.
CHALLENGES
• Outage and downtime risk - Cloud platforms
managed by external providers could suffer
from an outage, rendering the data and
applications stored in these environments
inaccessible. Service level agreements should
specify downtime metrics, and you need
additional redundancy for your most critical
data.
CLOUD STORAGE ADOPTION
BENEFITS
• Long-Term Cost Savings - In the long-
term, cloud storage can save you
significantly in the costs of hardware
equipment, storage facilities, power
supply, and personnel, which are sure to
multiply as your organization grows.
CHALLENGES
• Short-term Budget overruns - Cloud
cost worries are extremely common,
where data storage and storage processes
occupy more space than estimated.
A cloud resource management tool can
help address this, giving you visibility
and control.
SELECTING THE RIGHT CLOUD STORAGE
PROVIDER
• Security - If data is compromised, then cloud storage comes in handy as a useful backup.
There is no guarantee, however, that cloud storage providers are safe from security threats.
Understanding the security measures in place at the cloud storage provider is important.
Two main factors need to be considered for security: the physical security of the cloud
solution provider’s servers and the level of encryption applied to the data stored.
• Speed - The speed of downloads from the cloud has a major impact on businesses and their
ability to process critical data. If cloud storage providers place a cap on the download speed,
retrieving data and running applications will take longer. Therefore, organizations need to
gauge the cloud storage download speeds of a provider before buying any storage space.
VIRTUAL STORAGE

• refers to multiple physical storage devices pooled together into a single storage
device like a storage area network (SAN).
• Storage virtualization software is used to create virtual storage from
inexpensive commodity hardware while storage controllers are used to manage
the combined space from the different physical storage devices on the network.
This article discusses how virtual storage works, its advantages, and its
differences from cloud storage. It also details the role of virtual storage in edge
computing and how virtual storage solutions work
VIRTUAL STORAGE ADVANTAGE

• Faster data migration - Software mirroring works best with storage

virtualization. Thus, data migration is not only faster in virtual storage, but
downtime is also minimal, if not non-existent.
• Easier management - Since all management is done via a central console, it
is possible for a single person to manage virtual storage, even on the
enterprise level. Thus, the simplicity of virtual storage translates to lower
labor costs.
VIRTUAL STORAGE ADVANTAGE

• Flexible storage array options - While a wider array of storage options is

available with a virtual SAN, these are transparent to the SAN, meaning it
sees and treats these different options as the same. This further adds to the
ease of managing a virtual SAN.
• Cheaper Costs - A virtual SAN requires less hardware and requires far fewer
resources to operate compared to other storage types. You can also scale your
virtual storage as your requirements grow.
VIRTUAL STORAGE ADVANTAGE

• Predictable costs - Virtual SANs cost less than other storage options. Even if
your requirements change, adding more space later will not cost more than
the alternatives.
• Better data access - Since you manage all your devices from a central
location, your users do not lose easy access to your data. If they do lose
access, they need only to move to a new Virtual Machine (VM) to keep
accessing your data. You can also use any endpoint to access your data.
VIRTUAL STORAGE ADVANTAGE

• Minimal Network disruption - When hit with an issue, only that part of
your virtual SAN that is having problems needs to be taken down, with the
rest of your shared storage still able to operate.
• Wider access - Virtual storage is available to anyone with the required
resources. You also do not need to maintain expensive equipment. Instead,
you get an available vendor to provide what you need.
DIFFERENCE OF CLOUD COMPUTING AND
VIRTUALIZATION
CLOUD COMPUTING
• Cloud computing is used to provide
pools and automated resources that
can be accessed on-demand.
• Cloud computing setup is tedious,
complicated.
VIRTUALIZATION
• While It is used to make various
simulated environments through a
physical hardware system.
• While virtualization setup is simple
as compared to cloud computing.
DIFFERENCE OF CLOUD COMPUTING AND
VIRTUALIZATION

CLOUD COMPUTING VIRTUALIZATION

• Cloud computing is high scalable.
• Cloud computing is Very flexible.
• In the condition of disaster
recovery, cloud computing relies on
multiple machines.
• While virtualization is low scalable
compared to cloud computing.
• While virtualization is less flexible
than cloud computing
• While it relies on single peripheral
device.
DIFFERENCE OF CLOUD COMPUTING AND
VIRTUALIZATION
CLOUD COMPUTING
• In cloud computing, the workload is
stateless.
• The total cost of cloud computing is
higher than virtualization.
• Cloud computing requires many
dedicated hardware.
VIRTUALIZATION
• In virtualization, the workload is
stateful.
• The total cost of virtualization is lower
than Cloud Computing.
• While single dedicated hardware can
do a great job in it.
DIFFERENCE OF CLOUD COMPUTING AND
VIRTUALIZATION

CLOUD COMPUTING VIRTUALIZATION

• Cloud computing provides unlimited • While storage space depends on physical
storage space. server capacity in virtualization.

• Cloud computing is of two types : • Virtualization is of two types : Hardware

virtualization and Application virtualization.
Public cloud and Private cloud.
• In Virtualization, Configuration is template
• In Cloud Computing, Configuration is based.
image based.
DIFFERENCE OF CLOUD COMPUTING AND
VIRTUALIZATION
CLOUD COMPUTING
• In cloud computing, we utilize the
entire server capacity and the entire
servers are consolidated.
• In cloud computing, the pricing pay as
you go model, and consumption is the
metric on which billing is done.
VIRTUALIZATION
• In Virtualization, the entire servers
are on-demand.
• In Virtualization, the pricing is
totally dependent on infrastructure
costs.
DATA STORAGE MANAGEMENT

• is the process of preserving information in a digital form with the use of hard
drives or other data storage systems compatible with computer interfaces. Data
storage management is the act of keeping stored data properly archived,
cataloged, and secure.
• Proper data storage management makes sure your data will be available
whenever someone needs access to it. Be it for your customers or your
employees, having your data organized is the best way to always have it within
reach at a moment’s notice.
ADVANTAGES OF DATA STORAGE
MANAGEMENT

• It saves time - Storage management strategies make it easier for employees

to get the information they need quickly. As a result, professionals can not
only organize their data but also improves transfer speeds, allowing data to
be downloaded and uploaded quickly, saving a considerable amount of time
that can be invested in other business-critical activities. This becomes
increasingly critical as data sets grow larger and large files take a long time
to transfer.
ADVANTAGES OF DATA STORAGE
MANAGEMENT

• It reduces costs - The more storage space a company needs, the more money
it will spend on it in the long run. Organizations can dramatically minimize
the amount of storage space they use by employing appropriate business
storage management methods. If these strategies are implemented,
companies can better understand their storage requirements, allowing them to
spend just what is necessary on storage.
ADVANTAGES OF DATA STORAGE
MANAGEMENT

• It enhances security - These systems ensure data security by safeguarding

against both unauthorized invasions and data losses. Organizations can
guarantee that sensitive data is stored in the right locations and is protected
from external parties by implementing a storage management strategy.
Furthermore, data storage management frequently entails creating a recovery
plan that safeguards data in the case of unfortunate incidents, such as a
computer failure.
ADVANTAGES OF DATA STORAGE
MANAGEMENT

• It encourages adaptability - Storage requirements can alter as enterprises

expand and change. Regularly monitoring storage demands and ensuring you
have the right equipment and tools to store data are part of effective storage
management practices. As storage capacity develops as per needs, companies
become more adaptive to changes if they employ the right management
system.
CHALLENGES IN DATA STORAGE
MANAGEMENT

• Infrastructure - Data, like objects, requires a shelf to rest on; it must take up
space. So, if you want to store a lot of data, you'll need the right infrastructure,
which usually involves investing in high-tech servers that take up a lot of room
in your office or building.
• Scalability - Finding a solution to meet your current requirements is easy, but
what if those requirements change? How will you account for your
requirements in five years? Therefore, your data storage system must be
scalable.
CHALLENGES IN DATA STORAGE
MANAGEMENT

• Reliability - If you intend to use your data in numerous systems or

applications, be sure they're all compatible. You'll need to select a data
storage partner with an open and clean transition system.
• Security - Many levels of protection, such as encryption and reliance on
third-party suppliers, can help you avoid unauthorized access, but they only
go so far. You'll need to run a tight ship, selecting the best partners and
ensuring that your staff follows best practices.
CHALLENGES IN DATA STORAGE
MANAGEMENT

• Cost - It is expensive to own a data center. You'll have to spend money on the
initial setup, continuous maintenance, and the charges of the employees who
will be responsible for it. So, outsourcing the task is the best option.
3 THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT DATA
STORAGE MANAGEMENT

• Learn what storage management technique best fits your needs

• Data storage in the cloud
• Understanding the rules and regulations of your industry
LEARN WHAT STORAGE MANAGEMENT
TECHNIQUE BEST FITS YOUR NEEDS

• A very important choice to make when looking to integrate data storage

management solutions in your business is choosing how data is going to be
accessed, operated, and transferred. More often than not, a storage
management strategy will rely on the use of one of the following methods:
• Direct Attached Storage (DAS)
• Network Attached Storage (NAS)
• Storage Area Networks (SAN)
DIRECTLY ATTACHED STORAGE (DAS)

• A DAS is a data storage device that is connected directly to the user’s computer
through the use of bus cables and other similar connection methods. These are the
most common storage technology solutions available to consumers.
• Everyday examples of DAS devices one can find at their local computer store are
External Hard Drives (HDDs) or Serial AT Attachments (SATA) discs. By using a
DAS solution, users benefit from a high-performance user experience. On the
downside, working with a DAS device requires a direct connection to it, and
can’t be accessed over a network.
NETWORK ATTACHED STORAGE (NAS)

• Users of a NAS have access to storage management solutions over a network, on

which they can connect several computers to have joint viewing and editing privileges
of shared folders. Network access of a NAS can be tiered, thereby giving businesses
the possibility of providing access control to employees depending on seniority or for
any other purpose.
• Built using several hard disks that are connected via storage management software,
working over a network is the main advantage, as well as the main disadvantage, of
using a NAS. While it is a great cost-effective solution for connecting several
computers, a NAS will have trouble working when there are network or latency issues.
STORAGE AREA NETWORKS (SAN)

• A SAN works by transferring data between servers and several storage devices. Not
being reliant on LAN for connections, a SAN uses a fiber channel to connect to DAS
devices, RAID arrays, and other devices to a server. Using a SAN allows users to
transfer large amounts of data, and it is great for bandwidth-intensive purposes.
• Due to the high costs of designing, developing, and deploying this storage management
strategy, the use of a SAN is currently restricted to enterprise environments where the
costs can be justified. Nonetheless, a SAN is reliable all the time, and cloud services,
virtual environments, transaction processing, and other modern technological marvels
wouldn’t be possible without them.
DATA STORAGE IN THE CLOUD

• Today’s work environments differ from those of the past in part due to being
mobile. Employees work remotely at home on their laptops and smartphones,
and virtual platforms are on the rise as the main way people in many
professions interact with the work they do. As cloud storage becomes the
norm, cloud storage management solutions provide the groundwork upon
which your business can smoothly transition into the future.
UNDERSTANDING THE RULES AND
REGULATIONS OF YOUR INDUSTRY

• Your compliance and security needs will be largely dependent on the

regulations of the industry you work in. Businesses in highly regulated
industries such as healthcare and financial services, or publicly traded
companies, will require an extra layer of consideration when searching for
storage management solutions.
WAYS IN MEASURING DRIVE PERFORMANCE

• Access Time
• Seek Time
• Short Stroking
• Rotational Latency
• Power Consumption
ACCESS TIME

• The access time or response time of a rotating drive is a measure of the time
it takes before the drive can actually transfer data. The factors that control
this time on a rotating drive are mostly related to the mechanical nature of
the rotating disks and moving heads.
SEEK TIME

• With rotating drives, the seek time measures the time it takes the head
assembly on the actuator arm to travel to the track of the disk where the data
will be read or written.
SHORT STROKING

• Short stroking is a term used in enterprise storage environments to describe

an HDD that is purposely restricted in total capacity so that the actuator only
has to move the heads across a smaller number of total tracks.
ROTATIONAL LATENCY

• Rotational latency (sometimes called rotational delay or just latency) is the

delay waiting for the rotation of the disk to bring the required disk sector
under the read-write. It depends on the rotational speed of a disk (or spindle
motor), measured in revolutions per minute (RPM).
POWER CONSUMPTION

• Power consumption has become increasingly important, not only in mobile

devices such as laptops but also in server and desktop markets. Increasing
data center machine density has led to problems delivering sufficient power
to devices (especially for spin-up), and getting rid of the waste heat
subsequently produced, as well as environmental and electrical cost concerns
WHAT CAUSES HARD DRIVE SPEED SLOW
DOWN?

• Bad sectors are one of the major reasons for depreciating hard drive speed. The
more bad sectors you have on your hard drive, the slower it will get.
• Storage of several versions of the same file on the hard drive.
• Viruses and malicious software on the hard drive are also a major reason for
slowing down of hard drive speed.
• File fragmentation causes a drop in hard drive speed since fragments of a single
file are scattered throughout the hard drive and can't be accessed quickly.
HOW TO INCREASE HARD DRIVE SPEED?

• Solution 1: Delete Temporary Files

• Solution 2: Scan Hard Drive
• Solution 3: Defrag Your Hard Drive
• Solution 4: Enable Write Caching
• Solution 5: Partition Your Hard Drive
• Solution 6: Upgrade
DELETE TEMPORARY FILES

• The internet browsers used for accessing the internet have a habit of storing a
lot of temporary internet files on your hard drive. These files take up a lot of
space and can slow down your hard drive's speed. By deleting these
temporary files, you can instantly boost up the speed of your hard drive.
DELETE TEMPORARY FILES

1.Enter the Computer folder after clicking the Windows button.

2.Please search for your hard drive icon and then right-click on it after selecting it.
3.In the menu that appears, select the Properties option.
4.Press the Disk Cleanup button in the Properties dialog box of your chosen hard
drive.
5.Select the option of Files from all users on this computer.
6.Check the boxes of the files to be deleted and then click the OK button.
SCAN HARD DRIVE

• Scanning your hard drive for possible bad sectors is another great way of
increasing your hard drive speed. You can use the Check Disk tool for this
purpose and find out if your hard disk has bad sectors or not. These simple
steps need to be performed for scanning your hard drive.
SCAN HARD DRIVE

1.Enter the Computer folder after clicking the Windows button.

2.Please search for your hard drive icon and then right-click on it after selecting it.
3.In the menu that appears, select the Properties option.
4.Enter the Tools tab in the Properties dialog box of your chosen hard drive.
5.Press the button labeled, Check Now.
6.Check the boxes of options 'Automatically fix file system errors' and 'Scan for and
attempt recovery of bad sectors' and then click the Start button.
DEFRAG YOUR HARD DRIVE

• Since fragmented hard disks can slow down the performance of a hard disk,
it is best to defrag the hard drive to boost its speed and performance.
Defragmentation is the process through which the scattered bits of a file are
pieced together in a single block to be accessed more quickly by the hard
drive.
DEFRAG YOUR HARD DRIVE

1.Enter the Computer folder after clicking the Windows button.

2.Please search for your hard drive icon and then right-click on it after selecting it.
3.In the menu that appears, select the Properties option.
4.Enter the Tools tab in the Properties dialog box of your chosen hard drive.
5.Press the button labeled, Defragment Now.
6.Click the Defragment button in the menu that appears to start the defragmentation
process.
ENABLE WRITE CACHING

• Write caching is a feature included in the Vista and Windows 7 versions,

enabling you to write information in a cache before it can be written on the
hard drive. This helps increase the hard drive's performance as the cache is
faster, and the information can be written on it much more quickly than on
the hard drive itself. There is a drawback to this measure, though. You can
lose the data in this temporary cache if the computer shuts down suddenly.
ENABLE WRITE CACHING

1.Click the Start button.

2.In the Windows Search bar, type Device Manager.
3.Select your hard drive from the Disk Drives option in the Device Manager.
4.Right-click on the hard drive and then click the Properties button.
5.In the Properties menu, click on the Policies tab.
6.Check the box of enabling write caching on the device and click OK.
PARTITION YOUR HARD DRIVE

• Distributing your hard drive into multiple partitions can also go a long way in
increasing your hard drive speed. The more partitions you have on your hard
disk, the more organized your hard disk becomes, and ultimately, its speed
gets boosted too since the short stroking technology reduces the delays
caused by head repositioning.
PARTITION YOUR HARD DRIVE
1.Click the Start button.
2.In the Windows Search bar, type Computer Management.
3.Choose the Disk Management option.
4.Right-click on one of the existing partitions and click the Shrink Volume option.
5.Enter the size by which the partition is to be shrunk and then click the Shrink button.
6.Right-click on the unpartitioned disk space and choose the New Simple Volume option.
7.Please enter the amount of memory to be assigned to the new partition and select a drive
letter for it.
8.Choose the file system for the new partition and then format it.
9.Click the Finish button to finish creating the new partition.
UPGRADE

• If the above-mentioned tips fail to bring about a significant change in your hard
drive's speed, then it is highly likely that a hardware issue is causing the hard disk
to slow down. In such cases, it is best to replace the aging hard disk with an
upgraded version, which will enhance your computer speed.
• Hard disk speed is crucial for the performance of a computer system. If the hard
drive speed is low, accessing programs and files will take a great deal of time and
slow down your PC's speed. There are several reasons why your hard drive might
be slowing down. You can use various methods to increase your hard disk speed.
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