Introduction to Machine
Learning
Pawan Kumar Verma
Pawan Kr. Verma 1
Agenda
• Why Machine Learning ?
• Biggest Confusion: AI Vs ML Vs Deep Learning
• What is Machine Learning ?
• Machine Learning Terminology .
• How does Machine Learning work ?
• Applications of Machine Learning.
• Types of Machine Learning Algorithm.
Pawan Kr. Verma 2
Why Machine Learning
Pawan Kr. Verma 3
Why Machine Learning
Pawan Kr. Verma 4
Why Machine Learning
Pawan Kr. Verma 5
Biggest Confusion: AI Vs ML Vs Deep
Learning
Pawan Kr. Verma, Asst. Professor 6
What is Machine Learning
• Arthur Samuel (1959) : Machine
learning is a subset of Artificial
Intelligence (AI) which provides
machines the ability to learn
automatically & improve from
experience without being
explicitly programmed to do so.
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Cont.…
• Tom M. Mitchell (1998): A
computer program is said to
learn from experience E with
respect to some class of tasks T
and performance measure P if
its performance at tasks in T, as
measured by P, improves with
experience E.
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Cont.…
• For the checkers playing example:
• E: the experience of having the program play 10,000 of games against itself
• T: the task of playing checkers
• P: the probability to win the game
• Suppose your email program watches which emails you do or do not
mark as spam, and based on that learns how to better filter spam. What
is the task T in this setting?
a) Classifying emails as spam or not spam
b) Watching you label emails as spam or not spam
c) The number of emails correctly classified as spam/not spam
d) None of the above- this is not a machine learning problem
Pawan Kr. Verma 9
Cont.…
• Suppose your email program watches which emails you do or do not
mark as spam, and based on that learns how to better filter spam.
What is the task T in this setting?
a) Classifying emails as spam or not spam (Answer) T
b) Watching you label emails as spam or not spam E
c) The number of emails correctly classified as spam/not spam P
d) None of the above- this is not a machine learning problem
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Machine Learning Terminology
• Algorithm: A Machine Learning algorithm is a set of rules and statistical
techniques used to learn patterns from data and draw significant information
from it.
• Model: A model is trained by using a Machine Learning Algorithm.
• Predictor Variable: It is a feature(s) of the data that can be used to predict
the output.
• Response Variable: It is the feature or the output variable that needs to be
predicted by using the predictor variable(s).
• Training Data: The Machine Learning model is built using the training data.
The training data helps the model to identify key trends and patterns
essential to predict the output.
• Testing Data: After the model is trained, it must be tested to evaluate how
accurately it can predict an outcome. This is done by the testing data set.
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How does Machine Learning work?
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Applications of Machine Learning work?
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Types of Machine Learning Algorithm (3
Types)
• Supervised Learning: Supervised learning is a technique in which we
teach or train the machine using data which is well labeled.
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Cont.…
• Unsupervised Learning : Unsupervised learning involves training by
using unlabeled data and allowing the model to act on that
information without guidance.
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Cont.…
• Reinforcement Learning is a
part of Machine learning
where an agent is put in an
environment and he learns to
behave in this environment by
performing certain actions
and observing the rewards
which it gets from those
actions.
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End of Machine Learning Basics…
Keep Learning
Pawan Kr. Verma 17
