Direct and

Inverse
Variations
ADZU JHS MATH
 LEARNING TARGETS
At the end of the session, the
student can:

• illustrate situations that involve

direct and inverse variations.
• translate into variation statement
a relationship between two
quantities given by:

(a) a table of values; (b) a

mathematical equation; (c) a
 PRELECTION

Data Completion!
Lesson
1.1.1

Instructions:

Complete the data

in this table. 20
4
27
The price of a liter 2
34
of gasoline is given 0
as ₱68.00.

What do you notice about the price of

gasoline as the number of liters increases?
Lesson
1.1.1

As you have observed, as the

number of liters of gasoline
increases, the price also increases
or vice versa. In real life, the more
you consume, the more budget you
will need.

This is one situation where the

concepts of variations can be used.
Lesson
1.1.1

There are several relationships

of quantities that you will
encounter in the succeeding
sessions. You will learn how a
change in one quantity could
correspond to a predictable
change in the other.
Lesson
1.1.1 Direct Variation (TB pp. 116 - 117)

A Direct Variation is a relationship

between two variables in which one
is a constant multiple of the other. It
is a variation in which the quotient of
two variables is a constant. It is also
known as a direct linear variation or
a direct proportion.
Lesson
1.1.1
Direct Variation

If we let x and y denote two quantities, the statement

“y varies directly as x”
“y is directly proportional to x”
“y is proportional to x

maybe translated mathematically

as
where
Constant
of
variatio
n
Lesson
1.1.1
Direct Variation

Example
The amount of work done varies directly as
the number of men at work.
Given:
Lesson
1.1.1 Inverse Variation (TB pp. 117 - 118)

An Inverse Variation is when two

variables change in an inverse
proportion. It is a variation which
states that the product of two variables
is a constant. It is also known as
indirect variation.
Lesson
1.1.1
Inverse Variation

If we let x and y denote two quantities, the statement

“y varies inversely as x”
“y is inversely proportional to x”

maybe translated mathematically

as

Where
Constant
of
variatio
n
Lesson
1.1.1
Inverse Variation

Example
The time to complete a work varies inversely
with the number of workers.
Given:
Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY TIME

Answer the given items

found on the next slides.
Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY 1
The distance traveled is proportional to the
number of steps taken.

a. What is the variable?

b. What is the variable?
c. If the number of steps taken increases,
what will happen to the distance traveled?
d. If the number of steps taken decreases,
what will happen to the distance traveled?
Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY 1
The amount of traffic varies inversely as the
number of employees working from home.

a. What is the variable?

b. What is the variable?
c. If the number of employees working from
home increases, what will happen to the
amount of traffic?
d. If the number of employees working from
home decreases, what will happen to the
amount of traffic?
Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY TIME

Answer Scaffold 1.
Lesson
1.1.1 Power Direct Variation

A Power Direct Variation is a

variation where one quantity y
varies directly as the power of n of
the other quantity x which can be
written as
or , where .
Lesson
1.1.1 Power Direct Variation

The statements

“y varies directly as the square of x”

“y is directly proportional to the square
of x”
“y varies as the square of x

maybe translated mathematically

as
Where
Constant
of
variatio
Translating Variations
Lesson
1.1.1 Translating Direct Variations (TB pp. 126 - 127)
Lesson
1.1.1 Translating Direct Variations

Example
According to the Philippines
Environment Monitor of 2003, the
average consumption of water in
urban settings in the Philippines is
approximately 120 liters per capita
per day where the water supply is
piped individually into each
household and 80 percent would be 21
Lesson
1.1.1
Variation Statement:

The total average household consumption of water varies

directly as the number of household in an urban setting.

Mathematical Equation:

Let,

The equation of a direct variation is . Therefore, the

equation given by .
Total average household consumption of water
x
Lesson
1.1.1
Table:
Total Average 120 240 360 480 600
of household
consumption
(L)
No. of 1 2 3 4 5
Households

Note: The quotient of the two variables is constant ().

Graph:
Note:
The graph of a direct variation is a straight
line. Refer to the next slide to see the graph
of the given table of values above.
Lesson
1.1.1
Total Average of household consumption (L) 120 240 360 480 600
No. of Households 1 2 3 4 5

Graph:

As seen in
the graph, as
the number
of household
increases,
the total
average of
consumption
of water
increases
and vice
versa.
Lesson
1.1.1 Translating Inverse Variations (TB pp. 127 - 128)
Lesson
1.1.1 Translating Inverse Variations

Example
Marie lives 40 km away from her work.
Driving a car, the time it takes her to reach
work depends on her average speed.
Table:
Time (h) 1 0.8 0.67 0.57 0.5
Speed 40 50 60 70 80

Note: The product of the two variables is constant ().

Variation Statement:
The time it takes Marie to reach work varies
26
inversely as the speed of the car.
Lesson
1.1.1
Variation Statement
Mathematical :
Equation:

Let,

Inverse variation equation:

Therefore, the equation is given by ;

or
Lesson
1.1.1
Variation
Graph: Statement : graph of an inverse variation is a curved line.
Note: The

As seen in the graph, as the speed increases, the time it takes her to
reach work decreases. As the speed decreases, the time increases.
Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY TIME

Activity 2
Read, analyze, and
answer the given
problems on the
next slide.
Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY 2
Translate the following variation statements
into direct variation equations.

1. varies directly to .
𝒎= 𝒌𝒏
2. varies directly to the square of .
𝟐
𝒚 =𝒌 𝒙
3. The amount of gasoline G varies directly
to the distance d traveled.
𝑮= 𝒌𝒅
Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY 2
Translate the following variation statements
into inverse variation equations.
𝒌
1. varies inversely to 𝒄
. =
𝒅

2. is inversely proportional to the cube of .

𝒌
𝒚= 𝟑
𝒙
3. Ocean water temperature varies
inversely to its depth . 𝒌
𝒕=
𝒅
Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY 2
Milkfish cost ₱200.00 per kilo at a public market.

Variation Statement:
The cost of milkfish varies directly as the number of
kilo.
Mathematical Equation:
Let,
Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY 2
The school outreach program with volunteers work for
hours to produce 10 meal packs for donation.

Variation Statement:
The number of volunteers varies inversely as the
number of hours to produce 10 meal packs.
Mathematical Equation:
Let,
Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY 2
Translate the given mathematical equation to variation
statement.

Mathematical Equation:

𝒚 =𝟐𝟎 𝒙
Variation Statement:

varies directly as where

Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY 2
Translate the given mathematical equation to variation
statement.

Mathematical Equation:

𝟏𝟎
𝒙 =
𝒚
Variation Statement:

varies inversely as where

Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY 2
Determine whether the given table represents a direct or
an inverse variation.

Table:
9 12 18 24
8 6 4 3

Variation:
Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY 2
Determine whether the given table represents a direct or
an inverse variation.

Table:
3 5 7 8
9 15 21 24

Variation:
Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY 2
The graph below shows the relationship between the
number of mangoes and the cost of mangoes.

Graph:
Lesson
1.1.1 ACTIVITY 2
What is the equation of the graph?

Mathematical Equation:
Let,

What happens to the cost of

mangoes as the number of
mangoes increases?
Processing Questions
How do you differentiate direct
variation from inverse variation?
Can you give a real-life
application of direct and inverse
variations?
Why are there many types of
variation?
CLOSURE/
SYNTHESIS
“My Summary”
My Summary
You have noticed that in direct variation, as
one variable increases, the other variable also
increases. In the same manner, as we
increase our good doings, our chance to
achieve success also increases. In inverse
variations, you have noticed that if two
variables are related inversely, an increase in
one quantity causes a decrease in the other.
In real life, sharing may decrease what you
have, but it will increase your number of
friends, and everything changes. You should
always be flexible and open to changes!