Graph Theory & its application
Presented by Jit Saha M.Tech CSE 1st year
03/05/12
jit saha-KGEC
Content
1. 2. 3. 4. History of graph theory Elementary concepts Applications Reference
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jit saha-KGEC
1.History of graph theory
Leonhard Euler's paper on Seven Bridges of Knigsberg , published in 1736.
walk about the city so ,cross each bridge once & return to the starting point.
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1.History of graph theory-contd
Cycles in Polyhedra
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1.History of graph theory-contd
Four Colors of Maps
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2.Elementary concepts
G(V,E) ,two sets of objects
Vertices (or nodes) ,set V Edges, set E
Represented with circles joined by lines |V|=order of graph |E|=size of graph
For the above simple directed graph, V={A,B,C,D} E={AB,BD,CD,AC,AD,BC} |V|=4 |E|=6 Content
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jit saha-KGEC
3.Applications
I. Computer Science II. Chemistry III. Operation Research IV. Biological science V. Other application
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I. Computer Science
Data structure & Algorithm design Operating system DBMS Compiler design Computer networking & network security
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Application
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Data structure & Algorithm design
Serve as data structure Foundation of different algorithm Performance measurement
Time complexity Space complexity
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Application
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Operating system
Modeling operating system Defining file structure Deadlock handling Defining storage structure Process scheduling
Content Application
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operating system-contd
Content Application
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DBMS
Defining relation model ER diagram designing SQL Query optimization Transaction processing
Precedence graph
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Application
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Compiler design
Syntax tree construction Semantic checking Code optimization
By DAG
Graph coloring in register optimization
Content Application
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Compiler design-contd
d=a+b f=b/c g=a+b f=c+d d=f+c
DAG representation
Graph coloring in register allocation
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Application
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computer networking & network securuty
Defining n/w topology path costs computation
Routing protocols use shortest path algorithms
In multicast routing protocol
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Application
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computer networking & network securutycontd
simulate propagation of worms
vertices are routing servers edges are the links Basec on minimum vertex cover property
finding the worm propagation
vertex Set g={2,4,5} covers all the vertices in G Content
Application
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Other Computer Science application
Search engine optimization Parallel algorithm solving software Engineering FSM model Computer architecture
content
application
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II. Chemistry
Structural representation of molecule Enumeration Chemical Isomers acyclic compounds are trees
Content application
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III. Operation research
Solving LPP by graphical method Estimating project activity
PERT & CPM
In Game Theory
Using tree
content application
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III. Operation research-contd
content Game tree structure
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Pert &CPM
application
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IV. Biological Science
statistical theory of biological networks In DNA Sequencing
ATC TCG CAT GCA GGC GGC AGG GAA CGA GAC
Example -ATCGACTATAAGGC ATCGAA
ACT
CTA
TAT
ATA TAA AAG
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application
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IV. Biological Science-contd
Spread and Control of Disease through Social Networks
Social Network = Graph Vertices = People Edges = contact
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application
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V. Other application
Utilities problem Electrical network problem Bus-trail network Pedigree(family tree) Telephone network systems
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application
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4. Reference
Books
Graph Theory with Applications to Engineering and Computer Science by Narsingh Deo Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications by Kenneth H. Rose
URL
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_theory http://mathworld.wolfram.com/GraphTheory.html http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/242012/graph-theory
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