Landscape Analysis of Public Health

Jobs in India to Develop an Evidence-

Based Public Health Curriculum
Submitted By :
Era Pagar
Intern

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• Title : Landscape Analysis of Public Health Jobs in India to Develop an
Evidence-Based Public Health Cirriculum.
• Authors - Ashish Joshi, Ashruti Bhatt, Mahima Kaur and Ashoo Grover.
• Published In - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
Health Publication Year – 2021
• DOI - https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph192315724

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INTRODUCTIION
The Indian public health education landscape has evolved, with specialized institutions and
multidisciplinary universities offering Master of Public Health (MPH) programs. However, the
current curriculum lacks practical skills for real-world employment.
The research paper aims to bridge the gap between academic training provided through Master
of Public Health (MPH) programs and the actual requirements of employers in India's evolving
public health sector.
This study is relevant for curriculum developers, academic institutions, public health educators,
students, and policymakers.

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OBJECTIVES

• To identify and categorize data on publicly available public health jobs in India using popular
job portals.
• To analyze the educational qualifications, skills, and competencies required for these job
postings
• To provide evidence to reform and update the MPH curriculum in India so that it is better
aligned with the actual needs of the job market.

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METHODOLOGY

• STUDY DESIGN:
The study was a cross-sectional observational study conducted over a two-month period—June to
July 2021.Its main goal was to map publicly posted public health jobs in India and analyze the
required qualifications, competencies, and skills, to inform curriculum development in MPH
programs.

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• Target Population :
Although there were no human participants in the traditional sense, the “participants” in this
study were 382 unique job postings related to public health and allied fields across 11 Indian job
portals. These postings:
Represent publicly accessible job advertisements.
Reflect the demand for skills, qualifications, and competencies.
Serve as data for workforce trends in Indian public health employment.

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• Data Collection ( Job portal):
Data was collected from 11 commonly used job portals in India : Naukri LinkedIn Glassdoor
Monster India Indeed Times Jobs Freshers World ,DevNet , Jooble Ambition Box ,Ngo Box.

• Search Strategy :
Keywords used: “Public Health”, “Epidemiology”, “Biostatistics”, “Global Health”, “Health
Informatics”, “Health Administration”, “Health Policy”, “Environmental Health”.

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• Inclusion Criteria :
Job postings located in India.
Jobs relevant to public health or allied fields .
Jobs posted within a 7-day window of the search date .
Publicly available jobs on the selected portals.
• Exclusion Criteria :
Jobs lacking educational qualification details.
Jobs irrelevant to public health despite keyword match (e.g., IT, marketing).
Clinical-only roles like MBBS, BDS, nursing without public health relevance.
International jobs.

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• Variables :
Job Characterstics :
Job title.
Organization type (NGO, academia, pharma, consulting, etc.).
Location (state-wise)Job type: full-time, part-time, contract, temporary, internship.
Experience required (in years)Salary details (if mentioned).
Educational Requirements :
Required qualification (Bachelor’s, Master’s, PhD/MD)
Preferred qualification (if specified)

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• Skills Requirement :
Data analysis/statistics IT and software tools (e.g., R, Python, SPSS, SQL)
Communication (written, spoken, presentation)
Behavioral attributes: leadership, teamwork, adaptability
Domain-specific knowledge: e.g., MNCH, policy, nutrition

• Language Requirements:
English, Hindi, regional languages

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• Analysis Used :
Descriptive Analysis
Frequency & percentage distributions for all variables (e.g., education level, job role).
Conducted using Microsoft Excel 2016 and SPSS v24.
• Content Analysis
Job descriptions were qualitatively analyzed to extract :
Required competencies
Desirable personal qualities
Sector-specific knowledge

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• Cross Tabulations :
Used to explore relationships between :
Job roles and education level
Job titles and required software skills
Organization type and job location

• Bias :
Sampling Bias : The study only includes publicly posted jobs, excluding internal, referral-based,
or government jobs not posted online and subscription-based portal jobs, potentially excluding
higher-level or specialized postings.

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• Temporal Bias :The job postings were reviewed between June and July 2021, which may not
accurately reflect seasonal or long-term hiring trends.
• Interpretation Bias : Despite the thoroughness of the content analysis, subjectivity may still
exist in the categorization of qualitative data, such as organizational roles or behavioral
abilities.

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RESULTS
• Key Findings :
Top job titles: Manager (18%), Officer/Lead (16%), Analyst (13%).
Delhi had highest postings (24%).
47% required Master’s or above .
64% jobs demanded statistical/data analysis skills.

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Percentage distribution of the educational qualification in various jobs.

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DISCUSSION
• Interpretation of Findings :
As specialization increases, there is a high need for positions such as Manager, Analyst, and Consultant.
concentration of urban jobs in Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Delhi.
Nearly half of the positions require a Master's degree; higher education is crucial.
More than half of the positions require five or more years of experience, indicating that employers favor
seasoned workers.
Long-term employment trends are indicated by the preponderance of full-time positions (95%).
86% of jobs don't specify salary—this is a lack of transparency.
Data abilities are highly valued; SPSS, R, Python, SQL, and MS Office are frequently needed.
Communication, collaboration, and stakeholder engagement are considered soft skills.
The curriculum and industry mismatch is obvious; MPH programs need to adapt to the changing
demands of the labor market .

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• Limitations :
Government jobs & informal hiring excluded
Time-bound data: Jobs posted only over 1 week
Excluded international or non-degree based jobs.

• Public Health Education Implications :

Curriculum needs urgent revision to include :
Digital/data literacy.
Programming & statistical tools.
Behavioral and managerial competencies.

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