The

Internatio
nal
Phonetic
Alphabet
(IPA)

https://
www.cambridge.org/
features/IPAchart/
 /i:/ & /ɪ/
/i:/ /ɪ/
 /i:/
• /iː/ is usually spelled ee or ea. Listen and say these
words.
see agree meet eat seat

• The other words with /iː/.

ie field piece
e these secret evening equal museum
complete
ey key
i ski kilo litre pizza police machine
magazine
eo people
1.3.1. Listen to the conversation. Underline
words with /i:/ sounds

• A cheese sandwich, please, and a cup of green tea.

• An ice cream for me, please.

• A cup of green tea for me, please.

• A beef sandwich, please and tea.

• A cheese, one beef, three teas, and one ice cream.

1.3.1. Listen to the conversation. Underline
words with /i:/ sounds

• A cheese sandwich, please, and a cup of green tea.

/ə tʃiːz ˈsæn.wɪdʒ | pliːz | ənd ə kʌp əv ɡriːn tiː/
• An ice cream for me, please.
/æn aɪs kriːm fə miː | pliːz/
• A cup of green tea for me, please.
/ə kʌp əv ɡriːn tiː fə miː | pliːz/
• A beef sandwich, please and tea.
/ə biːf ˈsæn.wɪdʒ | pliːz ənd tiː/
• A cheese, one beef, three teas, and one ice cream.
/ə tʃiːz | wʌn biːf | θriː tiːz | ənd wʌn aɪs kriːm/
 /ɪ/
• /ɪ/ is usually spelled i. Listen and say these words.
misslisten swim if

• Listen and say these other words with /ɪ/.

busy business
/ˈbɪz.i/ /ˈbɪz.nɪs/
building
/ˈbɪl.dɪŋ/
system
/ˈsɪs.təm/
1.3.2. Listen and tick ✔ the sentences you hear:

Look at the Look at the ship.

sheep.
These are beans. These are bins.
Is this a meal? Is this a mill?
She likes high She likes high hills.
heels.
1.3.2. Listen and tick ✔ the sentences you hear:

Look at the
sheep.
These are bins.
Is this a mill?
She likes high
heels.
 /u:/ & /ʊ/
/u:/ /ʊ/
 /u:/
• /uː/ is often spelled oo, ou, oe, u, ue, ew.
food soup shoe true
/fuːd/ /suːp/ /ʃuː/ /truː/

• When the spelling is u or ew, there is often a /j/ sound before the /uː/.
music new
/ˈmjuː.zɪk/ /njuː/

• There are also other spellings of /uː/.

two fruit juice
/tuː/ /fruːt/ /dʒuːs/
 /ʊ/
• /ʊ/ is often spelled u, oo or ou.
full sugar book foot could
/fʊl/ /ˈʃʊɡ.ər/ /bʊk/ /fʊt/ /kʊd/

• Other word with /ʊ/.

woman
/ˈwʊm.ən/
2.3.1. Circle the words with /u:/ and practice
reading them
good four June look pool room school

soup spoon sugar town true two

2.3.2. Circle the words with /ʊ/ and practice

reading them
book put cough should good looking

lunch soon sugar thought through

2.3.1. Circle the words with /u:/ and practice
reading them
good four June look pool room school /
/ɡʊd/ /fɔːr/ /dʒuːn/ /lʊk/ /puːl/ /ruːm/ skuːl/
sugar
soup spoon town true two
/ˈʃʊɡə(r)
/suːp/ /spuːn/ /taʊn/ /truː/ /tuː/
/
2.3.2. Circle the words with /ʊ/ and practice
reading them
book put cough should good looking
/bʊk/ /pʊt/ /kɒf/ /ʃʊd/ /ɡʊd/ /ˈlʊkɪŋ/
sugar
lunch soon thought through
/ˈʃʊɡə(r)
/lʌntʃ/ /suːn/ /θɔːt/ /θruː/
/
2.3.3. Circle the words that have /u:/ or /ʊ/,
then put them in the correct column

• Is it really true? • I will be ready soon.

• Here’s your ticket – don’t lose

• You’re standing on my
it!
foot?

• Go through that door over

• Are you a good cook? there.

• My keys! Where did I put them?

• Where’s my toothbrush?
2.3.3. Circle the words that have /u:/ or /ʊ/,
then put them in the correct column

• Is it really true? • I will be ready soon.

/ɪz ɪt ˈrɪə.li truː/ /aɪ wɪl bi ˈred.i suːn/

• Here’s your ticket – don’t lose it!
• You’re standing on my foot?
/hɪəz jə ˈtɪk.ɪt – dəʊnt luːz ɪt/
/jɔː ˈstæn.dɪŋ ɒn maɪ fʊt/
• Go through that door over
• Are you a good cook? there.
/ɑː juː ə ɡʊd kʊk/ /ɡəʊ θruː ðæt dɔːr ˈəʊ.və ðeə/
• Where’s my toothbrush? • My keys! Where did I put them?
/maɪ kiːz! weə dɪd aɪ pʊt ðəm/
/weəz maɪ ˈtuːθ.brʌʃ/
 /a:/ & /ʌ/
/a:/ /ʌ/
 /a:/
/ɑː/ is usually spelled a or ar. Listen and say these words.
a after afternoon father glass
ar bar car card far park star
 /ʌ/
/ʌ/ is usually spelled u, but sometimes ou or o.

u bus cup luck much number run study

sun
o come front London nothing
ou young
3.3.2. Complete the sentences with one /ɑː/
word and one /ʌ/ word.
butter carpet dark hard husband love Prague son

­ The __________'s too __________.

­ I’d __________ to buy that __________!
­ Their __________'s got __________ hair.
­ I first met my __________ in __________.
3.3.2. Complete the sentences with one /ɑː/
word and one /ʌ/ word.
butter carpet dark hard husband love Prague son

butter
­ The __________'s hard
too __________.
love
­ I’d __________ carpet
to buy that __________!
son
­ Their __________'s gotdark
__________ hair.
husban
­ I first met my Prague
__________ in __________.
d
3.3.2. Complete the sentences with one /ɑː/
word and one /ʌ/ word.
butter carpet dark hard husband love Prague son

• The butter's too hard. /ðə ˈbʌt.əz tuː hɑːd/

• I’d love to buy that carpet! /aɪd lʌv tə baɪ ðæt
ˈkɑː.pɪt/
• Their son's got dark hair. /ðeə sʌnz ɡɒt dɑːk
heə/
• I first met my husband in Prague. /aɪ fɜːst met maɪ
ˈhʌz.bənd ɪn
prɑːɡ/
 3.3.1. Listen and write down the words you
hear. Put them in the correct column
/ɑː/ /ʌ/

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
youn fathe comin farm start park
g r g
7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
much lucky umbrell hard calm star
a
 3.3.1. Listen and write down the words you
hear. Put them in the correct column
/ɑː/ /ʌ/

1. young 2. father 3. coming 4. farm 5. start 6. park

7. much 8. lucky 9. 10. 11. calm 12. star

umbrella hard
 /e/ & /æ/
/e/ /æ/
 /e/
/e/ is usually spelled e but sometimes ea, ie, a or ai.
e check leg letter red sentence
ea bread head
ie friend
a any many
ai again said
 /æ/
/æ/ is usually spelled a. Listen and repeat.
back /bæk/
camera /ˈkæm.rə/
factory /ˈfæk.tri/
manager /ˈmæn.ɪ.dʒər/
map /mæp/
plan /plæn/
traffic /ˈtræf.ɪk/
4.3.1. Listen to the sentences and repeat.
Underline every /æ/ sound.

• Max Andrew is very • Grandfather Andrew is

unhappy. wearing a hat.

• Karen Andrew is very • Patrick Andrew is looking at

happy. the cat.

• Sally Andrew is carrying a • The cat is sleeping on the

bag. mat.
4.3.1. Listen to the sentences and repeat.
Underline every /æ/ sound.

• Max Andrew is very • Grandfather Andrew is

unhappy. wearing a hat.
/ˌmæks ˈæn.druː ɪz ˌver.i ʌn /ˈɡrændˌfɑː.ðər ˈæn.druː ɪz
ˈhæp.i/ ˈweə.rɪŋ ə hæt/
• Karen Andrew is very • Patrick Andrew is looking
happy. at the cat.
/ˌkær.ən ˈæn.druː ɪz ˌver.i /ˈpæt.rɪk ˈæn.druː ɪz ˈlʊk.ɪŋ æt
ˈhæp.i/ ðə kæt/
• Sally Andrew is carrying a • The cat is sleeping on the
bag. mat.
/ˌsæl.i ˈæn.druː ɪz ˈkær.i.ɪŋ ə /ðə kæt ɪz ˈsliː.pɪŋ ɒn ðə mæt/
bæɡ/
4.3.2. Listen to the words. Put them in the
correct column
pen apple and second pan clever

men better grandfather man ten cap

/e/ /æ/

pen, second, clever, men, better, ten apple, and, pan, grandfather, man, cap
 /ɔ:/ & /ɒ/
/ɔ:/ / ɒ/
 /ɔ : /
/ɔ:/ has different spellings.
 /ɒ /
/ɒ/ is usually spelled o, and sometimes a.
5.3.1. Look at the pairs of sentences. Listen
and tick ✔ the sentences you hear:

Is your name Don? Is your name Dawn?

That’s a very big pot. That’s a very big port.

We don’t want the fox We don’t want the

in here. forks in here.

What a lot of spots! What a lot of sports!

/ɜ:/ & /ə/
 /3:/
/3:/ is usually spelled ir, or, ur, our, ear or er.
6.3.1. Listen to the conversation. Every time
you hear /ə/, write /ə/

• What’s the time, Peter?

• It’s twelve o’clock.

• Oh and Peter, have you got a ruler?

• Yes, I have. Here you are, Anna.

• Thanks. Have you got a calculator, too?

• No, I haven’t Anna. Ask Emma.

6.3.1. Listen to the conversation. Every time
you hear /ə/, write /ə/

• What’s the time, Peter? /wɒts ðə taɪm ˈpiː.tər/

• It’s twelve o’clock. /ɪts twelv əˈklɒk/
• Oh, and Peter, have you got a ruler?
/əʊ ənd ˈpiː.tər həv ju ɡɒt ə ˈruː.lər/
• Yes, I have. Here you are, Anna./jes aɪ hæv ˈhɪə ju ɑː
ˈæn.ə/
• Thanks. Have you got a calculator, too?
/θæŋks həv ju ɡɒt ə ˈkæl.kju:.leɪ.tər tuː/
• No, I haven’t Anna. Ask Emma.
/nəʊ aɪ ˈhæ.vnt ˈæn.ə ɑːsk ˈem.ə/
6.3.1. Listen to the conversation. Every time
you hear /ə/, write /ə/

• Pearl gets up early to go to work.

• Pearl’s thirsty in the morning.

• She puts on a shirt and a long skirt.

• She walks to work at seven thirty.

• Pearl arrives at work at eight thirty.

• She is the first person at work.

 6.3.1. Listen to the conversation. Every time
you hear /ə/, write /ə/

• Pearl gets up early to go to work. /pɜːl ɡets ʌp ˈɜː.li tə ɡəʊ tə wɜːk/

• Pearl’s thirsty in the morning. /pɜːlz ˈθɜː.sti ɪn ðə ˈmɔː.nɪŋ/

• She puts on a shirt and a long skirt. /ʃi pʊts ɒn ə ʃɜːt ənd ə lɒŋ skɜːt/

• She walks to work at seven thirty. /ʃi wɔːks tə wɜːk ət ˈsev.ən ˈθɜː.ti/

• Pearl arrives at work at eight thirty. /pɜːl əˈraɪvz ət wɜːk ət eɪt ˈθɜː.ti/

• She is the first person at work. /ʃi ɪz ðə fɜːst ˈpɜː.sən ət wɜːk/

 /ɪə/
• /ɪə/ is spelled in different ways.
 /eə/
• /eə/ is spelled in different ways.
7.3.2. Listen and tick ✔ the sentences you hear:

Three cheers! Three chairs.

That’s a big pier. That’s a big pear.
It’s here – on the floor. It’s hair – on the floor.
Your name isn’t clear. Your name
7.3.3. Read this note and find four /ɪə/ words
and four /eə/ words.
Dear Mary,
/dɪə ˈmeəri/
I'm really pleased you can come to the theatre with us
tonight.
/aɪm ˈrɪəli pliːzd ju: kən kʌm tə ðə ˈθɪətə wɪð ʌs təˈnaɪt/
We've got seats upstairs, near the front.
/wiːv ɡɒt siːts ˌʌpˈsteəz nɪə ðə frʌnt/
See you there!
/siː ju: ðeə/
Sarah
/ˈseərə/
 /ɔɪ/
• /ɔɪ/ is usually spelled oi or oy.
 /aɪ/
• /aɪ/ is spelled in different ways.
 /eɪ/
• /eɪ/ is spelled in different ways.
8.4.1. All the following words have /aɪ/ and /eɪ/.
Write down the IPA and practice reading them

bye day dry eight flight great miles

night right time way white wine slide

8.4.2. Find every word with /aɪ/, /ɔɪ/ and /eɪ/
sound.
Aidan was a member of the royal family, but he was not
spoiled. He had the latest iPhone but never showed off.
Aidan was annoyed by the city noise so he decided to escape
to his house on the lake for a short vacation.
His childhood friend, Maya, came along because she too
enjoyed the great outdoors. She baked a potato pie and
drank wine. Maya had a wonderful voice and Aidan played
the guitar, so they played and sang all day long.
Once it was time for them to go back home, they felt
sad but promised to come back soon.
8.4.2. Find every word with /aɪ/, /ɔɪ/ and /eɪ/
sound.
Aidan was a member of the royal family, but he
was not spoiled.
/ˈeɪdən wəz ə ˈmembə əv ðə ˈrɔɪəl ˈfæməli | bət hi wəz
nɒt spɔɪld/
He had the latest iPhone but never showed off.
/hi hæd ðə ˈleɪtɪst ˈaɪfəʊn | bət ˈnevə ʃəʊd ɒf/
Aidan was annoyed by the city noise so he decided
to escape to his house on the lake for a short
vacation.
/ˈeɪdən wəz əˈnɔɪd baɪ ðə ˈsɪti nɔɪz | səʊ hi dɪˈsaɪdɪd tu ɪ
ˈskeɪp tə hɪz haʊs ɒn ðə leɪk fə ə ʃɔːt veɪˈkeɪʃən/
8.4.2. Find every word with /aɪ/, /ɔɪ/ and /eɪ/
sound.
His childhood friend, Maya, came along because
she too enjoyed the great outdoors.
/hɪz ˈʧaɪldhʊd frend ˈmaɪə keɪm əˈlɒŋ | bɪˈkəz ʃi tuː ɪn
ˈʤɔɪd ðə ɡreɪt ˌaʊtˈdɔːz/
She baked a potato pie and drank wine.
/ʃi beɪkt ə pəˈteɪtəʊ paɪ | ənd dræŋk waɪn/
Maya had a wonderful voice and Aidan played the
guitar, so they played and sang all day long.
/ˈmaɪə hæd ə ˈwʌndəfəl vɔɪs | ənd ˈeɪdən pleɪd ðə ɡɪˈtɑː
| səʊ ðeɪ pleɪd ənd sæŋ ɔːl deɪ lɒŋ/
8.4.2. Find every word with /aɪ/, /ɔɪ/ and /eɪ/
sound.
Once it was time for them to go back home, they
felt sad but promised to come back soon.
/wʌns ɪt wəz taɪm fə ðəm tə ɡəʊ bæk həʊm | ðeɪ felt
sæd bət ˈprɒmɪst tə kʌm bæk suːn/
8.4.2. Find every word with /aɪ/, /ɔɪ/ and /eɪ/
sound.

/aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /eɪ/

iPhone spoiled Aidan
decided noise latest
childhood royal escape
Maya enjoyed baked
pie voice potato
wine played
time vacation
came
day
lake
 /aʊ/
• /aʊ/ is usually spelled ow or ou.
 /əʊ/
• /əʊ/ is spelled in different ways.
 /ʊə/
• /ʊə/ is spelled in different ways.
oor poor
ou tour
ure sure
9.4.1. Listen and tick ✔ the sentences you hear:

That’s my Bert. That’s my boat.

There are two Pearls There are two poles

here. here.
What a fantastic girl! What a fantastic goal!

That skirt is very nice. That coat is very nice.

9.4.1. Listen and tick ✔ the sentences you hear:

That’s my Bert. That’s my boat.

/ðæts maɪ bɜːt/ /ðæts maɪ bəʊt/
There are two Pearls There are two poles
here. here.
/ðeər ɑː tuː pɜːlz hɪə/ /ðeər ɑː tuː pəʊlz hɪə/
What a fantastic girl! What a fantastic goal!
/wɒt ə fænˈtæstɪk ɡɜːl/ /wɒt ə fænˈtæstɪk ɡəʊl/
That skirt is very nice. That coat is very nice.
/ðæt skɜːt ɪz ˈveri naɪs/ /ðæt kəʊt ɪz ˈveri naɪs/
9.4.2. Listen and tick ✔ the sentences you hear:

Do you like sawing? Do you like sewing?

It’s a large court. It’s a large coat.

It snores all night. It snows all night.

I like all doctors. I like old doctors.

9.4.1. Listen and tick ✔ the sentences you hear:

Do you like sawing? Do you like sewing?

/duː juː laɪk ˈsɔːɪŋ/ /duː juː laɪk ˈsəʊɪŋ/
It’s a small court. It’s a small coat.
/ɪts ə smɔːl kɔːt/ /ɪts ə smɔːl kəʊt/
It snores all night. It snows all night.
/ɪt snɔːz ɔːl naɪt/ /ɪt snəʊz ɔːl naɪt/
I like all doctors. I like old doctors.
/aɪ laɪk ɔːl ˈdɒktəz/ /aɪ laɪk əʊld ˈdɒktəz/
 /p/ & /b/
/p/ /b/
 /p/
• /p/ is usually spelled p or pp.
 /b/
• /b/ is usually spelled b or bb.
10.3.1. Listen to the conversation and fill in the
blanks.

Bruce: Penny, what do I need for the biology exam?

black pen
Penny: You need a ___________________, blue pen
a ___________________, some
pencils
___________________, and a rubber.
biology
Bruce: Can I bring my book
___________________ to the exam?
books
Penny: No Bruce, no ___________________.
bag
Bruce: Can I bring my ___________________?
books bags
Penny: No ___________________ and no ___________________, remember?
10.3.1. Listen to the conversation and fill in the
blanks.
Bruce: Penny, what do I need for the biology exam?
/ˈpen.i | wɒt də aɪ niːd fə ðə baɪˈɒl.ə.dʒi ɪɡˈzæm/
Penny: You need a black pen, a blue pen, some pencils
and a rubber.
/juː niːd ə blæk pen | ə bluː pen | səm ˈpen.səlz | ənd ə ˈrʌb.ə/
Bruce: Can I bring my biology book to the exam?
/kæn aɪ brɪŋ maɪ baɪˈɒl.ə.dʒi bʊk tə ði ɪɡˈzæm/
Penny: No Bruce, no books.
/nəʊ bruːs | nəʊ bʊks/
Bruce: Can I bring my bag?
/kæn aɪ brɪŋ maɪ bæɡ/
Penny: No books and no bags, remember?
/nəʊ bʊks ənd nəʊ bæɡz | rɪˈmem.bə/
 /t/ & /d/
/t/ /d/
 /t/
• /t/ is usually spelled t or tt.

• /t/ is sometimes spelled ed in the past tenses.

• /t/ is spelled th in a few names.

 /d/
• /d/ is usually spelled d or dd.

• /d/ is sometimes spelled ed in the past tenses.

played spoiled
11.3.1. Listen and tick ✔ the sentences you
hear:

Do you like tennis? Do you like Dennis?

/də juː laɪk ˈten.ɪs/ /də juː laɪk ˈden.ɪs/
He can write well. He can ride well.
/hi kən raɪt wel/ /hi kən raɪd wel/
That’s a nice cart. That’s a nice card.
/ðæts ə naɪs kɑːt/ /ðæts ə naɪs kɑːd/
That shirt is white. That shirt is wide.
/ðæt ʃɜːt ɪz waɪt/ /ðæt ʃɜːt ɪz waɪd/
 /k/ & /g/
/k/ /g/
 /k/
• /k/ is usually spelled k, c, or ck, and sometimes ch.

• /kw/ is often spelled qu.

• /ks/ is often spelled x.

 /g/
• /g/ is usually spelled g or gg.

• /gz/ is usually spelled x.

12.3.2. Listen and tick ✔ the sentences you
hear:

That’s a very small class. That’s a very small glass.

/ðæts ə ˈver.i smɔːl klɑːs/ /ðæts ə ˈver.i smɔːl ɡlɑːs/
I have got a white coat. I have got a white goat.
/aɪ həv ɡɒt ə waɪt kəʊt/ /aɪ həv ɡɒt ə waɪt ɡəʊt/
What a lovely little curl! What a lovely little girl!
/wɒt ə ˈlʌv.li ˈlɪt.əl kɜːl/ /wɒt ə ˈlʌv.li ˈlɪt.əl ɡɜːl/
There’s something on There’s something on
your back. your bag.
/ðeəz ˈsʌm.θɪŋ ɒn jɔː bæk/ /ðeəz ˈsʌm.θɪŋ ɒn jɔː bæɡ/
 /f/ & /v/
/f/ /v/
 /f/
• /f/ is usually spelled f or ff, and sometimes ph or gh.
 /v/
• /v/ is usually spelled v.
13.3.1. Complete the
fine view Five voices
titles of the pictures
using these words.

Driving fast few vegetable

s

Knives forks lift seventh floor

13.3.1. Complete the titles of the pictures
using these words.

1. A fine view – /ə ˈfaɪn vjuː/

2. Driving too fast – /ˈdraɪ.vɪŋ tuː fɑːst/

3. Knives and forks – /naɪvz ənd fɔːks/

4. Five voices – /faɪv ˈvɔɪ.sɪz/

5. A few vegetables – /ə fjuː ˈvedʒ.tə.bəlz/

6. The lift to the seventh floor – /ðə lɪft tuː ðə ˈsev.ənθ flɔː/
 /θ/ & /ð/
/θ/ /ð/
 /θ/
• /θ/ is usually spelled th.
 /ð/
• /ð/ is usually spelled th.
14.3. Listen and complete the sentences,
then put these word in the correct column:

1. The __weather__ will be fine forthe three

_________ next Then
___________ days.
Thursd There
__________, on ________. _______'ll be somenorth south The
rain in the _____________.
ay
thirtee
____________ will be dry and sunny, but only about ____________ degrees.
n
theatre
2. A: I'm thinking of going to the ______________ tonight.

both
B: Me too! Let's _____________ gotogeth
___________!
er
3. A: Are you thirsty
____________?

thanks
B: No, ___________.
14.3. Listen and complete the sentences,
then put these word in the correct column:
1.
The weather will be fine for the next three days.
/ðə ˈwɛðər wɪl bi faɪn fər ðə nɛkst θriː deɪz/
Then, on Thursday.
/ðɛn ɒn ˈθɜːrzdeɪ/
There'll be some rain in the north.
/ðɛrəl bi sʌm reɪn ɪn ðə nɔːrθ/
The south will be dry and sunny, but only about
thirteen degrees.
/ðə saʊθ wɪl bi draɪ ənd ˈsʌni bʌt ˈəʊnli əˈbaʊt ˌθɜːrˈtiːn dɪ
ˈɡriːz/
14.3. Listen and complete the sentences,
then put these word in the correct column:
2.
A: I'm thinking of going to the theatre tonight.
/aɪm ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əv ˈɡəʊɪŋ tuː ðə ˈθɪətər təˈnaɪt/
B: Me too! Let's both go together!
/miː tuː lɛts bəʊθ ɡəʊ təˈɡɛðər/

3.
A: Are you thirsty?
/ɑːr juː ˈθɜːrsti/
• B: No, thanks.
/nəʊ θæŋks/
 /s/ & /z/
/s/ /z/
 /s/
• /s/ is usually spelled s, ss, or c, and sometimes sc.
 /z/
• /z/ is usually spelled s or z, and sometimes ss or zz.
15.3.2. Listen and tick ✔ the sentences you
hear:

Look at that Sue! Look at that zoo!

Listen to that bus. Listen to that buzz!
Can I have a sip, please? Can I have a zip, please?
It’s a good price. It’s a good prize.
 /ʃ/ & /ʒ/
/ʃ/ /ʒ/
 /ʃ/
• /ʃ/ is usually spelled sh.

• /ʃ/ is sometimes spelled in different ways.

 /ʒ/
• There are not many words with /ʒ/. /ʒ/ is often spelled s or
si.
16.3.1. Listen and complete the text:

shop
fresh fish
fresh mushroom
s
Wash
short
dish

Shout deliciou
s
16.3.1. Listen and complete the text:

Take your cash. Wash them.

/teɪk jɔːr kæʃ/ /wɒʃ ðəm/
Go to the shop. Cook them for a short time.
/ɡəʊ tuː ðə ʃɒp/ /kʊk ðəm fər ə ʃɔːt taɪm/
Buy some fresh fish Put them in a dish.
/baɪ sʌm freʃ fɪʃ/ /pʊt ðəm ɪn ə dɪʃ/
and some fresh
Eat them.
mushrooms.
/ənd sʌm freʃ ˈmʌʃruːmz/
/iːt ðəm/
Take them home. Shout, “delicious”!
/teɪk ðəm həʊm/ /ʃaʊt dɪˈlɪʃəs/
16.3.2. Listen and tick ✔ the sentences you
hear:

Sea’s very quiet today. She’s very quiet today.

There are two Sues here. There are two shoes here.
It’s a clean seat. It’s a clean sheet.
What a dirty sack! What a dirty shack!
16.3.1. Listen and complete the text:

Sea’s very quiet today. She’s very quiet today.

/siːz ˈveri ˈkwaɪət təˈdeɪ/ /ʃiːz ˈveri ˈkwaɪət təˈdeɪ/
There are two Sues here. There are two shoes here.
/ðeər ə tuː suːz hɪə(r)/ /ðeər ə tuː ʃuːz hɪə(r)/
It’s a clean seat. It’s a clean sheet.
/ɪts ə kliːn siːt/ /ɪts ə kliːn ʃiːt/
What a dirty sack! What a dirty shack!
/wɒt ə ˈdɜːti sæk/ /wɒt ə ˈdɜːti ʃæk/
 /tʃ/ & /dʒ/
/tʃ/ /dʒ/
 /tʃ/
• /tʃ/ is usually spelled ch, t or tch.
 /dʒ/
• /dʒ/ is often spelled j, g, ge or dge.
16.3.2. Listen and tick ✔ the sentences you
hear:

Is your name Cherry? Is your name Jerry?

I want a cheap type of car. I want a jeep type of car.
I’m choking. I’m joking.
That crowd is cheering. That crowd is jeering.
16.3.1. Listen and complete the text:

Is your name Cherry? Is your name Jerry?

/ɪz jɔː ˈneɪm ˈtʃeri/ /ɪz jɔː ˈneɪm ˈdʒeri/
I want a cheap type of
I want a jeep type of car.
car.
/aɪ wɒnt ə dʒiːp taɪp əv kɑː/
/aɪ wɒnt ə tʃiːp taɪp əv kɑː/
I’m choking. I’m joking.
/aɪm ˈtʃəʊkɪŋ/ /aɪm ˈdʒəʊkɪŋ/
That crowd is cheering. That crowd is jeering.
/ðæt kraʊd ɪz ˈtʃɪərɪŋ/ /ðæt kraʊd ɪz ˈdʒɪərɪŋ/
 /m/, /n/ & /ŋ/

/m/ /n/ /ŋ/

 /m/
• /m/ is usually spelled m or mm, but sometimes mn,
mb.
 /n/
• /n/ is usually spelled n, but sometimes nn or kn.
 /ŋ/
• /ŋ/ is usually spelled ng.
- The letter n is pronounced /ŋ/ if there is a /k/ or /g/ after
it.
- ng is sometimes /ŋ/ (e.g. singer) and sometimes /ŋg/
(e.g. finger).
- nk is always pronounced /ŋk/.
 /h/ & /l/ & /r/

/h/ /l/ /r/

 /h/
• /h/ is usually spelled h, but it is spelled wh in a few
words.
 /l/
• /l/ is usually spelled l or ll.
 /r/
• /r/ is usually spelled r, rr or sometimes wr.
16.3.2. Listen and tick ✔ the sentences you
hear:

It’s a long sum. It’s a wrong sum.

It’s light. It’s right.
Mary likes jelly. Mary likes Jerry.
There’s a flower in There’s a flower in
the glass. the grass.
 /w/ & /j/
/w/ /j/
 /w/
• /w/ is usually spelled w, or sometime wh.
 /j/
The /j/ sound can be spelled several ways in English.
• y — most common (yes, yellow)
• i — in some words before vowels, especially in the middle
(onion /ˈʌn.jən/, opinion /əˈpɪn.jən/, million /ˈmɪl.jən/)
• u — after certain consonants
(music (/ˈmjuː.zɪk/), cute (/kjuːt/))
• ew, eu, ui — clusters that sometimes produce /j/ + vowel
sounds (new (/njuː/ in British English), Europe (/ˈjʊərəp/))
20.3.1. Listen and tick ✔ the sentences you
hear:

He’s a vet student. He’s a wet student.

There’s a little vine There’s a little wine

here. here.

That’s a veil. That’s a whale.