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Anterior Muscles
Sartorius
O
ASIS
Can palpate of ASIS but difficult to palpate in medium to heavy legged persons
I
Proximal anteromedial aspect of tibial condyle
N
Femoral
F
Hip FLx, ABD, ER Knee Flx & medial rotation
Rectus Femoris
O Any place over anterior thigh I
Tibial tuberosity AIIS Groove above acetabular rim
N
Femoral
F
Knee EXT & Hip FLX
I
IT band and then into the knee via Gerdys tubercle
N
Superior Gluteal
F
Hip Flx, ABD, IR Assist with knee Flx
Psoas Major
O
Transverse processes T12L5 Sides of bodies T12-L5 Intervertebral Disks T12-L5
I
Lesser trochanter of femur
N
Lumbar Plexus (L1-L4)
F
Hip Flex & ER May assist with hip ADD Trunk flex when insertion is fixed (increasing lordosis)
Iliacus
O
Superior 2/3 of iliac fossa Internal lip of iliac crest Ililumbar and sacroiliac ligaments
I
Lesser trochanter
N
Femoral
F
Hip Flx & ER Assist with Hip ADD
Lateral Muscles
Gluteus Medius
O Slightly in front and above the greater trochanter
External surface of ilium between anterior & posterior gluteal lines
I
greater trochanter
N
Superior Gluteal
F
Hip ABD, Anterior fibers IR & Flx Posterior fibers -- ER and EXT
Gluteus Minimus
O Cannot be palpated
External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior lines Margins of greater sciatic notch
I
Greater trochanter
N
Superior Gluteal
F
Hip ABD, IR & Flx
Posterior Muscles
Gluteus Maximus
O Wide area on posterior pelvis
Posterior gluteal line of ilium Posterior surface of lower sacrum Coccyx Sacrotuberous ligament
I
IT band and gluteal tuberosity
N
Inferior Gluteal
F
Hip EXT & ER Upper fibers Hip ABD Lower Fibers Hip ADD
Semitendinosus
Near the knee on posteromedial side O
Ishial Tuberosity
I
Proximal medial surface of tibia
N
Sciatic (tibial)
F
Knee flexion IR of tibia Assists with hip EXT
Semimembranosus
O Largely covered by other muscles, can palpate tendon on posteromedial aspect of tibia
Ishial tuberosity
I
Posteromedial apsect of medial tibial condyle Medial meniscus
N
Sciatic (tibial branch)
F
Knee FLX IR of tibia at knee Assists with hip EXT
Biceps Femoris
O
Long Head
Ishial tuberosity Distal part of sacrotuberous lig
Short Head
Lower half of linea asperas lateral lip
I
Lateral aspect of fibular head Lateral tibial condyle
N
Long Head Sciatic (tibial) Short Head Sciatic (Peroneal)
F
Knee FLX & ER, Hip EXT
Piriformis
O
Anterior sacrum Posterior portions of ishium Obturator foramen
I
Superior and poster portions of greater trochanter
N
Sacral (L5-S2)
F
Hip ER
Gemellus Superior
O
Anterior sacrum Posterior portions of ishium Obturator foramen
I
Superior and poster portions of greater trochanter
N
Sacral (L5-S2)
F
Hip ER
Obturator Internus
O
Anterior sacrum Posterior portions of ishium Obturator foramen
I
Superior and poster portions of greater trochanter
N
Sacral (L4-L5, S1-S2)
F
Hip ER
Gemellus Inferior
O
Anterior sacrum Posterior portions of ishium Obturator foramen
I
Superior and poster portions of greater trochanter
N
Sacral (L4-L5, S1-S2)
F
Hip ER
Obturator Externus
O
Anterior sacrum Posterior portions of ishium Obturator foramen
I
Superior and poster portions of greater trochanter
N
Obturator
F
Hip ER
Quadratus Femoris
O
Anterior sacrum Posterior portions of ishium Obturator foramen
I
Superior and poster portions of greater trochanter
N
Sacral (L4 -S1)
F
Hip ER
Medial Muscles
Pectineus
Angle between the pubic bone and femur
O
Superior ramus of pubis
I
Pectineal line of femur
N
Femoral
F
Hip ADD
Adductor Brevis
Cannot be palpated O
Body & Inferior pubic ramus
I
Distal 2/3 of pectineal line Proximal of medial lip of linea aspera
N
Obturator
F
Hip ADD
Adductor Longus
Just below pubic bone on medial side O
Anterior pubis just below its crest
I
Middle 1/3 of medial lip of linea aspera
N
Obturator
F
Hip ADD
Adductor Magnus
O Posteromedial surface of thigh
Inferior pubic ramus Ishium ramus Ishial tuberosity
I
Line aspera Adductor tubercle Medial supracondylar line
N
Anterior Portion --Obturator Posterior Portion Sciatic (Tibial)
F
Hip ADD Anterior Portion Hip Flx Posterior Portion Hip EXT
Gracilis
O Medial side of thigh 2-3 inches below pubic bone
Inferior pubic symphysis Medial margin of inferior pubic ramus
I
Medial surface of proximal tibia
N
Obturator
F
Hip ADD Assist knee Flx & IR