ME-306 Industrial Engineering

Topic-2

Productivity: Productivity is analogous to the efficiency of a

machine. As it is desired to increase the efficiency of the machine same is the case with the productivity.
It is a ratio between output to the input. Output

means the amount produced or the number of items produced and input means various resources employed like land and building, man, machine and material.

Calculation of productivity:Plant A No of Workers 200 Plant B 300

No of items produced 10 per unit time Productivity 20/300

=1/20

20

10/200

=1/15

The purpose of Increased productivity: For Management: a) To produce good earnings b) To clear debts c) To stand better in the market For Worker: a) Higher wages b) Better working conditions c) Job security and satisfaction For customers:a) Reduced price of articles

Increasing Productivity: Material:By reducing scrap. By little changing in the design of the product. By using Correct process, good material handling etc.
Labour:-

By efficient use of labour or man hours.

Plant , Equipment and machinery:-

use efficient tools or attachment and by reducing the setup time on the machine
Land and Building:-

Good conditions in the building improves the productivity

There are two types of industries making two types of spark plugs. The standard time per piece is 1.5 minutes. The output from these two industries is 300 and 200 respectively per shift of 8 hours. Calculate the productivity of each industry per shift of 8 hours.

P1=(300*1.5)/(8*60) P2=(200*1.5)/(8*60)

The Concept of Lean Manufacturing:Lean manufacturing concepts were developed over the last five to six decades, primarily in Japan, particularly for the Toyota production system. These manufacturing techniques are conceptually different from the traditional process. For an example, traditional manufacturing works based on inventory. But lean manufacturing questions the role of inventory