GIFT or

THE WALTER -KRAUSE GERMAN SERIES

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

THE WALTER-KRAUSE GERMAN SERIES

BEGINNERS'

GERMAN

BY

MAX WALTER, Ph.D.

DIRECTOR OF THE MUSTERSCHULE (REALGYMNASIUM) FRANKFURT VISITING PROFESSOR, TEACHERS COLLEGE, COLUMBIA
,

AM MAIN

UNIVERSITY, IQII

AND

CARL

A.

KRAUSE,

Ph.D.

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MODERN LANGUAGES, JAMAICA HIGH SCHOOL, N.Y. LECTURER ON METHODS OF TEACHING MODERN LANGUAGES NEW YORK UNIVERSITY

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS NEW YORK CHICAGO BOSTON

Copyright, 1912, by

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS

m(r i

C.

TO

WILHELM VIETOR,

Ph.D.

PROFESSOR IN THE UNIVERSITY OF MARBUR*

Our Friend and Leader

THIS BOOK GRATEFULLY INSCRIBED

IS

232681

Digitized by the Internet Archive

in

2007 with funding from

IVIicrosoft

Corporation

http://www.archive.org/details/beginnersgermanOOwaltrich

PREFACE
mTlt^T greubc an ber

We."

Beginners' German

is

the basic book of the Walter-Krause

of this introductory

German

Series.

One purpose

book
life

is

to

initiate the learner into the

language of every-day

as well

as into the literary language, thereby insuring a realistic vocabulary.

pupil,
cess.

As we we have
At
all

start with the

immediate environment of the

the best of foundations for interest and for suc-

times

we

are taking cognizance of the living

adolescent and not of abstract pedantry.

The work

is

an outfor the

growth of actual class-room experience.

The

first lessons,

at least, are intended quite as

much

teacher as for the pupil.

hints as to

an effective although no teacher is expected to

ticular system:
(i) (2)

beg leave to give the following mode of using Beginners' German

tie

We

himself

down

to one par-

Develop the material

Ascertain

orally,

with books closed.

by questions and answers whether the pupils have the proper imderstanding of the oral work. Every answer
should be repeated by the
(3) Call for
class.

a continuous oral review of the whole (with

2t\t-

ftMe).
(4) (5) (6)

Have the assignment read, individually and in chorus. Let the matter covered be written or dictated.
Be
sure that definite grammatical facts are gained in
drill in

each lesson.

Let a thorough

ning lessons; never

let

sounds be connected with all begina wrong pronunciation pass muster.

it

Do

not assign a lesson unless

questions as laid

has been prepared in

class.

The

student,

book are intended for the to insure proper review at home. Such review may be
in our
vii

down

vni
oral or written.

BEGINNERS
Of

GERMAN

do not limit the any way and are merely suggestive. But they do outline the work of the learner definitely so that the matter in hand shall be thoroughly dealt with and mastered. Answers should always be given in complete
course, these questions

individual teacher in

sentences.

The Grammar
and
is

is

based directly upon the work of each lesson

learned inductively.

We

are not talking

and teaching

about

grammar but, better than that, we talk and teach grammar. The learner will formulate for himself, from his own
experience,
certain linguistic

laws and rules and this very

creative laboratory

work

will

be a pleasure to him.
^*

It will de-

velop his powers of observation and will cause him to use his

own judgment

rather than to accept that of an

authority."

Such botanizing work will be his mental property and will not be done in futuram oblivionem. Some of the later selections deal with German life and customs. We hope that the students will gain thereby an acquaintance with Germany and the Germans. The progress of each class with our book will depend, of For Lessons 36-41 course, upon a number of circumstances. we have furnished Supplementary Reading to illustrate more fully the use of Compound Verbs, of the Subjunctive, and of

Modal Auxiliaries. A number of Reproduction

purposes,
after

Exercises are added for review

Lesson

27.

Translation
the

and retranslation
foreign
of

may

be practised occasionally after

the
text,

language
the songs
ones,

has been essentially mastered.

given in
printed
as
well as
separately.

The melodies
two

additional

are

the absolute

The Grammatical Tables essentials of German Accidence

furnish only
in systematic

arrangement.

We

desire to express our hearty thanks to a

number

of our

colleagues both in

America and

in

Germany

for

many

valuable

PREFACE

IX

hints. We are also under great obligation to the Frankfurter Lesebuch-Kommission, to Karl HessePs Deutsche Lesebucher,

to Kameradschaft, Berlin, to Seringas Chorgesangbuch, and to N. G. Elwert, Marburg, for their kindness in permitting us to use some of their selections or publications. Especially do we acknowledge our gratitude to Dr. A. Busse, Associate Professor of German, Normal College of the City of New York, for his kind advice and assistance in reading both manuscript and proof. The Authors.
February jgi2.
y

CONTENTS
PAGE

Preface

vii

Map

of Germany

facing

Introductory: Alphabet

Table of German Sounds with Explanations

Lesson
I.

3
ttjar,

II.

III.

IV.

Days Conversation Days (Declension of Conversation Months (Declension Conversation Seasons (Declension
Conversation
(tft,

finb;

itjarcn;

h)irb,

n)erbcn fein)

7
btc SSod^c)
.

9
11

of

btti^

Sftftt)

of bcr ^crlbft;

V.

VI.
VII.
VIII.

word formation un-) Conversation on preceding work (Word-order; impersonal verbs; word formation -c) D ^annenBaum (Review; word formation -\)txi) .

13

16 18

IX.

X.
XI.
XII.
XIII.

Multiplication Tables (ber-words) Arithmetical Problems (Conjugation of pronouns of address) Conversation Family (Declension word formation Conversation Cardinal Numbers (Declension of a^onat) Conversation Parts of the Day (Conjugation of ordinal numbers) Conversation Time Day (Conjugation of
Conversation Conversation
\6)
.

20
22

bin;

of

citlC

iBod^e,

citt

3a]^r;

-tiftcn,

-Icin)

26
28

cttl

trff

i^abc;

30
32

of

t(^

ftierbe;

future tense; numerals continued)

Conversation
St|)^jcn, btc

Parts

...

of

Body

(Declension of bie

ginger, btc ^ai^nt)

of btc ^inbcr, bic
.

34
2>^

XIV. Conversation (Declension

XV.
XVI.
XVII.

^ngen) Conversation (Review of nouns; prepositions with

dative)

Conversation
pleted)

Date

39
(Ordinals and numerals com-

42
(^abcn and fcin in
xi

2)te Sotcici (i) (^cinc)

compound
43

tenses)

xii

beginners' German
PAGE

XVIII. ^te

Sorelei

(2)

and

(3)

(Drill

on nouns;
neuter;

word
45

XIX. Conversation

XX.

Class tense; imperative) Conversation Class

ives;
t(^

formation -ung)

(cttt-words,

present

47
(cm- words,
(ctn- words,

feminine;

reflex-

nc^mc)

XXI. Conversation

Class
id)

50
masculine; reflexixaqt; declension of personal

ives, completed; pronouns)

53
(i)

XXII. Unfcr Scftulsimmer

XXIII. Unfcr

(Compound nouns;
weak

preposi-

tions with dative or accusative)

57
verbs;

cfttttsimmcr (2) (Preterit of

-ifcft)

word
60
62
65

formation

XXIV.

Unfcr t^ul^aui^ (Prepositions with accusative; perfect

and pluperfect)

XXV.
XXVI.

Unfcrc Sd^utc (Comparison of adjectives and adverbs)

S3ci

Xm;

<Sttttc matijt

(i)

(Adverbial compounds;
indefinite

agreement

of

pronouns;
of

pronouns;

strong declension of adjectives)

66 69

XXVII. $Io^rcgcn
XXVIII.

(Preterit

strong verbs; coordinating

conjunctions)
$cibcnrdi^(ctn (octl^e) (Review; strong verbs)

...
'.

72

XXIX.

(Sbelmann unb drtncr (Interrogative and relative pronouns; word formation)

XXX.

Review

(Classification of strong verbs)

75 78

XXXI. ^a^

foftbarc ^rdntlcin

(Weak

declension of adjecplural;

tives,

feminine
S3rot

singular

and

irregular

strong verbs)

81

XXXII.

^ai^

tdgltdftc

(Weak

declension of adjectives,
.

neuter singular and plural; word formation)

84

XXXIII. ^ic

bctttfdftc

^aifcrfomiltc; ^cil bir

im icgcrfranj
.

(i)

(Weak
lar

declension of adjectives, masculine singuplural;

9ictcft
.

XXXIV. ^a

XXXV.
XXXVI.

word formation -ling, -It^) (Mixed declension of adjectives). ^ic SSac^t am Oi^icin (i) (Review; word formation
and
bcutfd^c
-tg, -bar)

87 90
93

@tn Sricf;
genitive)

SSanbcrfcftaft (i) (Inseparable

and separa95

ble verbs; verbs with dative;

prepositions with

XXXVII. ^cr

trcuc

^unb

(Inseparable and separable verbs

concluded)

98

CONTENTS
XXXVIII. ^er ^unb
mxt bcm
fJIcifd^C

XIU
PAGE

(Subjunctive of indirect 102

105

speech and question)

XXXIX.

a3ncf motit)t^ an critter (Subjunctive of ideal condition; possibility; wish)

irregular

XL. ^ie (Sc^ulcn (Modal auxiliaries) XLI. @tlc tnit SScilc (Modal auxiliaries;
verbs)

107

weak

no
114
117
.

XLII. ^rct Srcunbc (Passive voice) XLIII. ^ic f)dt)txcn c^fulcn ^cutfdftlanb^ (Passive voice) XLIV. ^ie ^cutWcn in 5tmettfa (Passive and substitutes
for passive voice)

120

XLV.

^Ctttfc^knb

itbcr

mc

(Review)

124 126
131

XL VI.

^cutfc^lanb^ tcttung in bcr SBcltltiirtWaft (Passive

voice concluded)

Supplementary Reading
Reproductions

138

Grammatical Tables

143

Abstract of German Grammar

Songs

174

-...

179 197

Vocabulary

Longitude

14

East

from

16

Greenwich

18^

BEGINNERS' GERMAN
INTRODUCTORY
/C
SMALL LETTERS
Print
Script

ALPHABET
CAPITAL LEITERS
Print
Script

Naue

a
b
c

b
c

^1^2^

^r^

A
B C

21

33

d
e
f

b
c

^
.^
.^^^

D
E
F

S
(g

^ ^ ^

ah-

bay
tsay

day

ay
eff

9
I)

,gay

H
I

hah

3
3f

ee

k
1

4 J
\.^/^
.^/^
^r

K
L
S

m m
n
n

M
N

2
91

w X
^

& ^

yot

kah
eU

emm
enn

oh

ST.

i:

:':

-REGinners
,

German

: :

5kaji:;i^TTERs: r, ?* * ''' Script'

capital letters
Print

'

p q
r
S t

p q r

j^
-^
y^e^

O
91

^ '^
^i^

Script

Name

pay
koo
err

R
S

f8
t

.^^^^

^
.^

%
U
SB

^
^
^^
/29 ^y^

ess

tay

u
to

U
V

oo

^
..^

fow

to

W
Y
Z

2B

vay
iks

XI
y
z
^
J

^
^?^

XX ^r
g)

,<V^

ipsilon

Print

^
\^

^ J
^?^
Script

3
Script

"^
Print

tset

COMPOUND CONSONANTS
Print
Script

ff

^M

^
^"^

MODIFIED VOWELS

(Umlttute)

beginners' GERMAN

D e ut sc he L au tt afel (System Vie tor)

VorderLippenkute Zahnlaute
Hinter-

Gaumenlaute

KeUkite

po
1

m
fv
( ( (

td
II

szJ5 ?j
r
1
ley) i(y> ece).

kg n xg

R
(U)

OJ)

(pj

ST
6ttroxnlo3

stimmhaft

nasal

TABLE OF GERMAN SOUNDS

.

(VIETOR SYSTEM)

EXPLANATIONS AND EXAMPLES

(The phonetic spelling used
is

that of the Association Phonetique Internationale)

In the Table the German sounds are represented

(i)

in the vertical columns

according

to the place of

articulation, in natural order, viz., lips, teeth,

(front), soft palate (back), throat;
(2) in

hard palate

the horizontal columns

according
(a)

to the

form

of articulation, the breath passage being

completely

4
closed, or (b)

beginners' GERMAN
considerably narrowed, or
(c)

left

compara-

tively open, in the place of articulation.

Characters representing voiced sounds are printed in

red,

characters

representing
all

nasal

sounds are

printed

in green.

In German

nasal sounds are at the

same

time voiced.

A.

SOUNDS WITH CLOSURE OR NARROWING OF BREATH PASSAGE CONSONANTS

I.

WITH CLOSURE STOPPED CONSONANTS

I.

Lip Consonants (Lip and Lip)

Jgein, JRau^c, a6.

p, voiceless

b,

voiced

JBctn, rauBen.

m, nasal tnein,nel)men,um.
2.
t,

Teeth Consonants (Tongue and Teeth)

voiceless

Xkx,

leiten, leib.

d, voiced
n, nasal

bit, Iciben.

nciti, h)of)tten,

3.

Back Consonants (Tongue and Soft Palate)

k, voiceless

Kartc, qualen

g,

voiced
fien,

(3Bcg, Jagi).
I),

arten nasal
tragenO.

(fd^n)ei'

ftngen, lang.

4.
?,

Throat Consonant (Vocal Chords)

voiceless

('*)alt.

II.

WITH NARROWING NARROW CONSONANTS

Lip Consonants (Lower Lip and Upper Teeth)

I.

f,

voiceless
auf.

f af)ren,

lauf en,

v, voiced

SSarcn,

cUiig.

* In North and Middle German pronunciation finally and medially the narrow consonants g and x, j and g are generally used: see II, 3, 4.

BEGINNERS GERMAN
2.

Teeth Consonants (Tongue and Teeth)

Thin {Thin Breath Passage)
reiften,

s,

voiceless *fisse/

z,

voiced

See,

reifeu*

Broad {Broad Breath Passage)

J,

voiceless
gifc^.

Stein, iDaf^en,

*3, voiced

*goumat,
rauf), (Sf)re, toal^t^

*Sogi^,
Trilled {Vibration of

Tongue Point)
voiced

r,

Divided {Passage on Both Sides of Tongue Point)

I,

voiced

iau,

fef)Ien,

Xdl.

3.

Front Consonants (Tongue and Hard Palate)

9, voiceless

*6^einie,

rcid^en,

j,

voiced

ja

(fd^tDeigen).

(SBcg).
4.

Back Consonants (Tongue and Soft Palate)

X, voiceless

fud^cn (Jag)

g,

voiced

(tragen)*

Trilled {Vibration of Uvula)

R,

voiced

(rauf),

gj^re^

tt)af)r),

5.

h, voiceless

^alt*

Throat Consonant (Vocal Chords)

.

B.

SOUNDS WITH OPENING OF BREATH PASSAGE VOWELS

The opening
with
lip
is

All voiced.

between the tongue and the palate.

Sounds

rounding are indicated in the Table by ().

I.

Front Vowels
i,

1:,

long

e:,

long
^

i^n, ?tcbc, tDtc.

@]^re, Qcben,

short

in, ?ippe,

c^nce.
words or sounds not originally German.

An

asterisk indicates

6
e:,

BEGINNERS
long

GERMAN
e,

Sl^rc, gabcn, *^alat,

short

*e:,^

long, nasal

effcn, finbc*

Saffiti, terrain.

Rounded
y:,
g:,

long

long

*,

Ofcn, long, nasal 3Serbun,

iibel,

^uit.

y, short

iJt)ne,

S^rente*

short

iippig,

uttc.

ijffncn, SWiJnd^^

Ct^Utt,

2.

Mixed Vowels (Intermediate between Front and

Back)
8,

short gcnug,

S3ittc,

a:,

long

3{al, Iaf)Tn, ba.

a,

short

all,

gamnt.

*a:, long,

nasal

Stoucn, Sf)ancc.
3.

Back Vowels
All Rounded
u, short

u:,
o:,

long long

Ufcr, 9Kut, bu.

ul^nc, tDO^I, fo,

unten, abutter,

offen, SBDrt,

*o;,

long, nasal

SaHon,
ai:,

o,

short

Dephthgngs
eicf, tictu, aJJat^

au:, Stugc, ?auf, blau.

oy:, cuer, ISuten,
*

cu.
Baffin =

Nasal vowels in North German pronunciation are usually replaced by

the corresponding non-nasal short vowels followed

by

ji, e.g.

^affcng, ^crbtttt=3$crbdng, ^oueii=9?ouanfi, 58allo=atlong.

V
rfte 2Iuf gabe
Stc^tung!
,

ie

ftebcn

%^^t

bcr SBod^c ftnb:

bcr SD^ontag,

ten^ta^g,

9Kittood^,

onner^tag,
ber

greitag^

onnabcnb ober am^tag unb

^iejjrage
ift:

onntag^

SBeld^cr

Jag

i[t

^eute?

2Ba^

ift

f)cutc?

SStt!^ ift bie

^cute

ift

9)Jontag

(or respective

day

of the

Slnthiort?

week).

(2)ai^)

2Ba^
3t.!

ift

morgcn?
ien^tag*

^tctulcin

2)ie3tnt^
ttiart ift:

aWorgen

ift

(2)er)

SBa^

tt)irb

ilbermorgcn fcin?

2)ie 2lnt*

llbcrmorgen n)irb

9)Jittn)0($ fein^

niort

ift:

gg^^
SBa^ 2Ba^ SBa^

^i^.^ iiberiibermorgen fein?

SBeld^c SSagc tDerben

tDar geftern?

morgcn unb iibermorgen

fetn?

tDar Dorgcftem? n)ar t)ori)orgeftem?

SBelc^e S^age tDaren geftern

unb borgeftem?
nid^t

3ft

Iieute

ien^tag?
f)eute
ift

9lein,

mein ^err,

ien^tag, fon*

bern 9Jfontag,

SBar

geftern aWittlDod^?

SBirb morgen 35ien^tag fein?

3a, mein err, morgen

7

toirb S)ien^tag fein*

8
Slaffc!
Slttc

BEGINNERS GERMAN
aSa^
ift

Iieutc?

su-

fammen!

agcn

Sic:

aSann

tear

onntag?
ift:

etc.

Slc^tung!

S)a^ prid^tDort
9}Jorgen,

Seffer f)cutc al^ morgen.

nid^t f)eutc,

Scrncn:

morgen, nur

pred^en
S)a^
ift

alte faulen Scute.

aud^ etn prid^n)ort.

9icin,

ie

finb nid^t faulc geute.

ie

finb fleifeig!

aSeffer f)cute al^ rrtorgen.

famtncn!
tJtcrficn

ie miiffen taut nub

^arl
gri^
fprid^t laut, fprid^t lauter,

nid^t leife fpred^en!

ie taut!

^einrid^ fprid^t

am

lauteften.

glifabetf) fprid^t leife,

Slnna fprid^t

leifer,

ajtargarete fprid^t

am

leifeften*

NOTE
PRETERIT
geftem, etc.
tDar

PRESENT
f)eute
ift

FUTURE
morgeti, etc.

maren
etc.

finb

tDirb, tDerben

fein

onntag,

SKontag
FEMININE
bic 2lufgabe

ien^tag, etc.

MASCULINE
bcr Tlontaq, etc.

NEUTER

ha^ graulein
prid^iDort

err

Sld^tung

grage
SlnttDort

Slaffc

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

^mette 2lufgabe
utctt

Xaql ^\t

bic^ Slufgabc ein^?

^ft bie^ Scftion cin^?

ift

yidn, mein ^err, bic^

ntd^t Slufgabe ein^, fon-

bcm
Sltaffe!

Slufgabc itdtl
l^at fteben

^tc SBod^c

Sage.

SBclci^e^ [tub bie [teben

Sage

bet SBod^e?

5iJc^

ie

fteben

Sage

ber SBod^e finb: ber 9Wontag, etc.

einmal!

@ieben Sage finb in ber SBod^e. ieben Sage bilben (mac^en)

bie SBod^e^

Stc^tung!

9Wontag

ift

ein

Sag,
jtijei

SKontag unb S)ien6tag finb

9Kontag, ien^tag unb
aWontag,

Sage, Sage,

9Kitttt)0(^ finb brei

ien^tag,

99?ittn)0(^

unb onner^tag
!Donner^tag unb

finb bier

Sage,
9Witttt)od^,

SDZontag,

ien^tag,
fiinf

greitag finb

Sage,

aWontag, ien^tag, Mttmod^, onner^tag, grei^

tag

unb onnabenb

finb fed^6 Sage,

aWontag, ien^tag,
tag,

9}Jittn)0(^,

onner^tag, grei^
finb fieben Sage*

onnabenb unb onntag

ift

S)er aWontag

Sag ber SBo($e, ien^tag ift ber jlDeite Sag ber SBod^e, 2)?itttD0(^ ift ber britte Sag ber SBoc^e, onner^tag ift ber Dierte Sag ber SBod^e, greitag ift ber fiinfte Sag ber SBod^e, onnabenb ift ber fed^fte Sag ber SBod^e, onntag ift ber fiebte unb lefete Sag
ber erfte

ber

2Bo(^e.

lO

beginners' GERMAN
SBcId^c^
ift

bcr crftc

Jag

bcr SBod^cpi etc.

erftc
[citi,

etnmal!

cftcrn tdax 9Kontag, bcr

Jag

bcr SBod^c,

9Worgcn

iDirb ajJittmoc^

bcr brittc

Jag

bcr

SBod^c, etc.
Slrfitutig!

!J)a^

t[t

bk

crftc 5tci{)C
9Jcif)C

obcr bic

crftc

ruppc,

a^ ift bic jtDcitc

S)a^ finb
2, 4,

obcr bic jtDcitc ruppc, etc. obcr ruppcn.

jtDci, brci, etc., 9Jcif)cn

finb gcrabc 3^^^^^^

1, 3, 5,

finb ungcrabc

S^W^*
picL

9(uStt)enbtg

(Snbc gut, altc^ gut.

(Srft bic Slrbcit,

Icrncn:

bann ba^

J)a6 finb
tlaffc!

stDci

prid^toortcr.

ic ic

finb gut,

ic

finb nic^t fd^Icd^t!

f)3iclcn nid^t!

arbcitcn gut

unb

SBann fommt
5(u!gtoettbtg

bic Strbcit?

Unb bann?
auf

yiimm bcnn

frifd^ bic Slrbcit

(ernen:

2tn ben SBcrfcItagcn,

Unb bu
grol^cn
Jld^tung!
5lIIc

tDirft, id^ n)cttc

brauf (I bet

on

it),

onntag
aufecr

l^abcn.

Jagc

onntag
finb frot) finb frifd^

finb SBcrftagc obcr SBer^

fcltagc.

ic

lad^cn:

ic

unb unb

nid^t traurig; nid^t nttibc!

ic
Declension:

bic SBod^e, in

the Singular.

Nominative
bic SBod^e

Accusative
Genitive
bcr SBod^e
bcr SBod^c

Dative
^

as to

Let the individual pupils repeat the questions of the teacher so become accustomed to asking questions.

beginners' GERMAN

II

Decline: bie Slufgabc, bie gragc, bic SlnttDort, bic Sld^tung, bic
Piaffe, bie SReifie, bie

ruppe,

bie Slrbcit,

E.g.

N.
G.
Z).

^ie

SIrbeit

ift

gut.

35ie 3:age bcr Slrbeit finb SBerftage*

S3ei bcr Slrbeit lernen

ie

fleifeig.

A,

3)ie Seute fc^reiben bie Slrbeit frifc^

unb

fro^*

Of what gender are these nouns?

Do they change in the singular? How can you tell nouns in German?

Dritte 2lufgabe
Seien ie
aufmetlfftttt!

S)a^

ift

ba^felbe

tt)ie

^^Hc^tung."
fein, nid^t

(gi^ miiffen

aufmerffam

unaufmerffam,

tkffe!

2)a^

3a^r ^at imi\ momtt.

9Wonate
be;^

SDie gtnolf

^df)xt^ finb:
Slpril, 9)?ai, 3funi,

ber

^anuar, gebruar, Mixvi,

^xili, Sluguft,

September, Oftober, S^obember,

ejember.

3n

bem ^af)r

finb jtDoIf 9Wonate

3tt)oIf a)?onate bilben

ba^ ^ai)v.

er ^ctnuar ift ein Tlonat er 3<Jnuar unb ber gebruar

etc.

finb glDci 2)tonate,

8 =
S)er

ad^t,
elf,

11 =

9 = neun, 10 = 12 = itobll
ift ift

gel^n,

^anuar
gebruar
Sluguft

ber erfte

9Konat be^ ^ai)xt^,

ber gtDeite 9Konat be^ ^al^re^, etc.

ift

ber ac^te 2Konat be^ 3txt)re^^

12

BEGINNERS' GERMAN
cptcmber
Oftober
ift
ift

bcr neuntc Tlonat bc6 3cif)rc^,

ber gcl^nte 9Konat be^ 3af)re^,

ift

Jiobember

bcr elfte 9Wonat be^ 3^a^re^, ber jlDoIfte 2Wonat be^ ^cifire^,

ejember
SBeld^e^
ift

ift

ber erfte 9Konat be^ 3ctf)re^? ber Dierte

aSie

t)iete

2)?onate

Ifiat

ba^ 3af)r?

S)a^
ber

S'^^t: ift
ift

lang,

Sag

furj^

reifeig

Icmcn:

Slpril,

lage f)at 9^ot)ember, 3uni unb eptember*

l^at

J^ebruar

biermal fieben*

2lHe, bie nod^ iibrig blieben (still

remain),

aben
SBtcber*

einunbbreifeig^

!Da^

ift

ba^felbe tDie ,,no(^ einrtiaL"

f^oUn Sic

ba^!
2(uf^?affeii!

3(^

fd^reibe e6

an

bie Jafel*

Siftiercn!

3^^t

biftiere ic^ e^S'finen, ober id^ gebe 3f)tten ein

S)iftat!

Piaffe!

SIpril!

aprit!
n)a^ er
h)ill*

Semen!

S)er

tDeife nid^t,

S'c^ tDcife: e^

ift l^eute

Tlitttdod).

SBeld^e SKonate ^abeti

aSelc^e arjonate ^aben

30 Sage? 31 Jage?

Declension: bae

3a{)r, in the Singular.

Nominative
Accusative
Genitive
be^ S(tf)n^

Dative

bem

3a]^r(e)

beginners' GERMAN
Decline: ba^ graulcin,
i>a^

I3

prid^mort, ba^ @nbc, ba^ picl,

ba^

2)iftat*

E.g.

N.
G,
Z).

2)a^ piel

tft

taut*
tft

3)ie Slufgabe be;^ ptel(c)^

btc^,

3n bcm
(Sic

picl ftnb prt(|n3drter entfialten (contained).

gut*

A.

lemen ba^ piel

Of what gender are these nouns? Are the natural and the grammatical gender
identical in

of

nouns

German?

Illustrate.

Dterte 2Iufgabc
Sluf^jaffctt!

J)a^ ^af)x ^at bier Qaf)xt^dttn.

3)ie
t)ier

^ai)xt^dttn finb ober

l^ei^en:

ber gruf)Iing, ber ber ^erbft

ommer,

unb ber SBinter*

SBie
9Bie
fSxttCf

l^eifeen bie tiier

^a^vt^txUn?

tieifeen

ie?
unb genau
fpred^en, nid^t fo

ie

mil[feti beutlid^

beutac^ au^^
f^jtedjen.

uubeutlic^

unb ungenau!
auf englifd^ fall (harvest).

^,^

^^.^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^ englifc^?

tieifet

^erbft
2)anfe!

S)a6

ift

red^t,

ba^

ift ift

rid^tig, nid^t falfd^*

SBeld^e ^a^re^jeit

je^t?

Sefet

ift

e^ er6ft.

Sft e^
9^ein,

iefet

aSinter?
iefet ift

mein err,

e6 nid^t SBinter, fonbern

erbft*
2BeId^e S'cifire^seit

mar

t)orf)er?

14

beginners' GERMAN
SBelc^c ^af)xt^idt tdivb

na^^tv fein?

2Bie

t)iele

^ai)xt^idtm gibt e^?

SBie Dielc 3^af)re^seiten f)a6en tDir?

^n

n)eld^er

^ai)xt^dt leben tDir?

SBtr leben

im

(in
ift

bem) erbft
bie erfte ^'aJire^aeit,

3)er gruf)Img
ber

ommer
Slpril

ift

bie jiDcite

Qai)xt^dt, etc.
bie brei

SWftrs,

unb max

finb

grii^Iinge-

monate,

^uni, 3uli unb Sluguft finb

monate,

bie

brei

ommer^
bie brei

eptember, Oftober nnb 5yiot)ember finb

^erbftmonate,

ejember, -3anuar unb

3Bintermonate
3lod^
2)er erbft
<T)ic
ift

gebruar finb

bie

brei

bie britte 3ctf)re^jeit

t)on

einmal!

^eit be^ ^txh\tt^ bauert

(September bi^

9lot)ember*

SBir finb

iefet

im

(in

bem) erbft*
9Jot)ember
bilben

September, Oftober unb

erbft.

im

Semen ie
bie^ au^=
^*

gnil^Iing,

ommer,

^erbft unb SBinter

inb

be^ guten otte^ ^inber,

biel:

SBringen un^ be^ uten

S3Iumen,

^Jriid^te, frof)e^

pieL

St^tung!

SBir

alte finb bie

^inber otte^, be^ SSater^.

Slumen unb J^tiic^te finb im arten* @^ gibt t)iele S3Iumen unb griic^te im arten; mad^fen im arten*
ie
Stofe
ift

fie

eine S3Iume; bie

Suipe

ift

aud^ eine

beginners' GERMAN
SBtc
l^eifet

alfo
tft

S3Iumc auf englifd^?

S)er Slpfel

einc grud^t; bie

Mdont

ift

aud^ cine

grud^t
SBie
fieifet

alfo

grud^t auf englifd^?

9?ennen ie mir 33Iumen unb griid^tc!

So

iff ^

Saffen ie e^ gut fetn!

rec^t!

Declension: bcr ^erbft, in the Singular.

Nominative
Genitive
bcr crbft

bc^ ^crbftc^

Dative
Accusative

bcm

crbft(c)

ben erbft
etc., bcr SBcrftag,

Decline: bcr Sag, bcr 9Kontag,

bcr 9Wonat, bcr 3anuar, etc., bcr griil)Ung; etc.,

bcr ott, bcr 3Satcr, bcr @artcn

E.g.

N.
G.

S)cr. crftc

Jag

bcr SBod^c

fiei^t

9Wontag*

S)ic 2lrbcit be^

Sagc^

ift

grofe.

D. A.

2ln

bem

(ant) 2:agc fd^Iafcn bie flcincn Sinbcr^

SBir ncnncn ben crftcn SBod^cntag 9Wontag*

Of what gender are the names months, and the seasons?

of the days, of the

WORD FORMATION
What
is

the force of the prefix un-?

Ungcnau
unbcutUd^

ift: tft:

nid^t gcnan, nid^t bcutlid^,

ift:

unaufmcrffant

nid^t

aufmcrffam*

Do we

have the same

prefix in English?

i6

beginners' GERMAN

^tinfte 2lufgabe
Stc^tung!
(g^
talt

tft

im SBinter,
tft

&

[riert,

unb

e6 fcfineit oft.

5)cr SBinter

ein

armcr 9Wann @r bringt feme

griid^te, er bringt aber frobe^

33Iumen unb feme

piel 2)er aSmter ift ba^ @nbe be^ 3abre^, 3tn grilbling tft e^ mtlb. ift im grilblittg f(i^6ner al^ im aBittter* 3?m ommer ift e^ toavm, oft fefir b^ife* ^t:

&

ommer

ift reid^^

(Sr brittgt utt^ Diele

Slumeti

uttb grild^te,

(^ bli^t

unb bonnert
ift

oft*

3m

^erbft

ift

e^

fiibl.

3)ie guft
fd^eint.

tilbL

(S^

ift

fd^on, tDenn bie

toenn bie
aSetter

onne Sonne nid&t

bann
ift

@^

regnet oft,
ift

fd^eint,

J)ann

ba^

fd^Ied^t;

e^ fd&Ied^te^ SBetter.

2lnfangcn (Scginnen): aSa^ bringt ber SBinter?

3n

^eld^er ^af)xt^dt gibt e^ feine

53Iumen?

SBann
SBie
ift

ift

e^ fait?

ber aSinter?
friert e^

aSann

unb

fd^neit

e^?

aSarum
fjortfal^rett

friert

e^?
griifiling? etc.

aSie

ift

e^

im

(3Beitcr):

Semen te
au^ttienbig:

^m aSinter, 3^ aSinter,
S)ann
ift

tomn

e6 frieret,

toenn e^ fd^neit,

ber aSeg gur d^ule

gurtt)a{)r no(^

'mal

fo toeit (fiirtoafir,

indeed).

Unb

tDenn ber ^udfudE rufet,

ift
ift

ann cmn

ber grill^Iing ba,

ber aSeg gur d^ule

gllrn)af)r nod^

^md

fo naf).

beginners' GERMAN
3Ber a6cr gernc lemet,

em

ift

fein

SBeg iu fern;

^m

SStnter tok

im

grlifiling

ef)t er ^ur d&ule gem*

Hoffmann
au^tnenbig
lernen:

tjon

galler^Icbcn,

9?ebcn

ift

ilber,
ift

c^tDeigen
9teben

oIb.
f)eifet:

fieifet

fprcd^en; fd^tDcigen

nid^t reben^

NOTE
Are predicative adjectives declined? Do the names of the days, months, and seasons require the definite article in English? In German?

IMPERSONAL VERBS
6^
friert,

c^ fd^ncit, e^ Uii^t, c^ bonncrt, c6 regnct.

What do

these five impersonal verbs express?

ORDER OF WORDS
I.

@^

ift

fait

im

SBintcr.
ift

(Normal.)
(Inverted.)
l^eH fd^cint.

II.

3m

grilf)Iing
ift

III.^

e^ milb,
bic

fd^on,

menu

onne

(Dependent.)
II.

Interchange the normal and the inverted order in I and

What

kind of clauses or sentences are they?

Change III into two independent clauses of I. Combine I and II into a sentence of type III by using the
subordinating conjunction
Notice: SBcnn bic
tDttl^renb (while).
c fd^aneS SScttcr.

onnc

fcftcint, ift

(ad^cint bic

onnc,

fo ift c fci^dneg SSettcr.

Note that the German uses a comma before and

clause.

after

a dependent

8
1

beginners' GERMAN

WORD FORMATION
Kalt 0i6t bic mUt, tdavm Gibt bic SBiirmc,
ntilb gibt bic SKilbc,
fu{)I

gibt bic tii^lc.

Of what gender are these nouns ending

rived from adjectives?

in -e,

which are de-

Sed?fte 2tufgabc
(Review)
53affen

ic cutc Icrncn

tDir cin bcutfd^c^ Sicb, cin

SSoIMicb*

^t^

aan

ftngt cin Sicb,

l^cifet:

S)a^ Sicb

S:anticnbam.

2:anncnbaum, o Zanncnbaum,

SBic trcu finb bcinc iBIattcr!

'^u

griinft nid^t

nur jur omntcrgcit,

9^cin, aud^

O
yiitilt

im SBintcr, tDcnn c^ fd^ncit^ Sanncnbaum, o Slanncnbaum,

2Bic trcu finb bcinc flatter!

faut
S)cr

lanncnbaum

t)cifet

auf cnglifd^ the fir-tree,

fcin!

mm
(dn!

trage

Xrcu
(gin

^cifet ,,ni(^t falf(^.''

ficifet

SBcId^c^ anbcrc SBort

auc^: nid^t falfd^?

33aum t)at SBIctttcr, Dicic 33Iattcr, bic griin finb. inb fie blau obcr rot? ic 33Iattcr finb nid^t blau, fonbcm griin. 3)a6 ra6 ift griin. inb bic 33Iattcr bc6 Sanncnbaunt^ griin? 3^atnot)I, bic SBIcittcr bc6 Sanncnbaum^ finb griin.

beginners' GERMAN
3ft ber S^annenbaum
S)ie S3I(itter ht^
grofe ober ficin?
l^eifecn

Sannenbaunt^

9labcln*

riint ber 3:annenbaum nur gur (ju ber)

mergeit?

om^

tm SBtnter? tm ommer? griert e^ oft tm ommer? 3^ft bte guft im SBtnter Mt ober tDarm?
d^neit e^
d^neit e^ aud^
SBetfte^cn

SBtr

berftet)en

ba^ 8teb*

Sie ba^
2icb?
Sefen Sie t^ je^t!

SBtr lefen e^

jefet*

Sc^t
ttiit

fingctt

S)te 9KeIobte

ift letd^t,

ntc^t fd^toer^

bai^

ieb.

Semen Sie
ej^

2lCe milffett ba^ Steb ftttgen!

au)^'

Hjenbig
JBu(^= ftabieren!

Qd) buc^ftabtere (spell)

S3aum
treu
tttein

n
t

S3 a r e
e
t

u u n

How many
Slufvaffen!

diphthongs are there in German?

ba^
f)od^fte

efunbt)ett

ift

ut

Semen:

efunbf)eit

ift

beffer al^ ^ranfl^eit (sickness).

WORD FORMATION
efunbl^eit beifet gefunb fein*

9Ba^

betfet

tranfbeit?

bie

gautbeit?

What What

is

the force of the noun-suffix -l^eit?

the gender of nouns ending in -beit?

is

20

beginners' GERMAN

Stebte 2lufgabe
Seien Sie
aufmer!=

SBir ftnb aufmcrffam.

j

^[^^

g^^. 2

t[t

aud^ cine 3^I/ ^tne anbere

3,

4 unb 5

ftnb brei
sttJdIf

S^W^*

Sa^Ien Sic
@<jrcrf|Ctt

t)tm cin^

W^

Sic laut unb

gafite

bcutlid^!

5Paffcn

Sic 3c^

meiter Don 13 bi^ 30:

^^^*

breijcl^n, t)ierse{)n, fiinfjel^n, fed^jel)n, [tebsel^n,

ad^tjefin,

nennjef)n, gtDanjtg, etnunbjtDan*

gig, stDciunbstDanjig, etc.,

nennnnbjh)anjig,

breifeig.

9lo(^ cin*

a^

ift

genng*

mal,

6ittc!

^j^^^en

ie

fc^nell, ni($t

langfam.

Slc^tung

granlein %.

ift

cin Sl^abd^en.

max
Stt^Icn Sic bic

58. ift cin

^nabe.
bic SSJlSb^cn!

Snabcn unb

3)ie

^naben

ftnb

meine (filler;

fie

gel^en in bic

d^ule,
S)ie aJJctbd^en finb

meine d^itlerinnen.

SBie

t)iele

d^iiler f)abe id) t)ier?

. . .

ie
SBie

l^aben
t)iele

f)ier.

ci^ulerinnen finb bort?

Sefircr,

3(^ bin ber

Sef)rerin.

unb graulein mitf)

ift

eine

3^c^ le^re

ie

S)entfd^.
tt)ir

SBir finb greunbe;

t)alten grennbfd^aft.

BEGINNERS GERMAN
Staffe!

21

a^

tft

ba^

mi).
tft

tefe^ iBud^

rot, bic

garbe jenc^ SBud^e^

ift

blau*

3ebe^ Suc^
3eilcn*

f)at

citcn, unb auf jeber cite finb

SBeld^e^ S3u(^ l^abcn

ie?
te

^[t c^ rot, grttn ober

blau?
28tc
t)iele
ift

Siid^er l^abcn

l^icr?

!Da^

eine leic^tc Stufgabe; iefet aber cine fd^toerc

Slufgabc, fcine cinfad^e*

SBcId^er SOJonat ^at icbc^ t)ierte

3a^r 29 Sage?

3d&

Scil^Ie

nun

bic

3^^ncr:
fed^iig

jefin

itoanm
breifetg

ftebjig

ad^tjig

Dicrsig
filnf jig

neungig
l^unbcrt [tanfenb]
l^cr!

Sagen Sie ba^ inmalcim^

3*

(aunt SeifpicI):

= 8 einntd ad^t ift ail)t, 2 X 8 = 16 jh)cimal ad^t ift fed^gcl^n, 3 X 8 = 24 breimal ad^t ift DicmnbjiDanjig, 10 X 8 =p 80 gefinntal ad^t ift ad^tjig;
unb
Declension:
fo toeiter (uftoO*

1x8

etc.,

biefer, jener, jcber, tDcId^er (manc()er)*

Singular
.

Ace,

lebe
""

cite

bicfe^ 33ud^ ^
'

^ ^!^ tDcId^en
tDcIdfte^

^ 9Wonat

Gen.
Da/.

iebcr cite iebcr cite

biefe^

Sud^eg

9)?onat(c)^

biefent 93ud^(c)

tDcId^cm 9Wonat(c)

Decline: biefcr driller, jene d^iilerin, jebe^ 2W(lbc^cn.

22
E.g.

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

N.
G.

S)tcfc^ ud^ tft rot. tc garbc bicfe;^ SSud^e^

tft

rot.

D. ^.

3n

biefcm 93u(^ finb

bicfei^

t)telc

citcn.

SBir Icfcn

S3ud^

Snbc.

How

are

bicfcr,

iencr, iebcr,

tocld^cr

declined?

Like what?

What do you

call

them?

2ldjte 2lufgabe

^d^tnnq !

@ic milffcn
^Sitter

aufpaffen;
tft

ic

totxbtn nic cttoa^ lemen.

Semen:

Slnfang

\^tdtv."

Sa^g

tft

ctn

tteue^

prtd^tDort
tft

fiir

un^, fein alte^.

er

Slttfattg

ba^felbc h)ie ha^ ^Seginncn.

ftttb

^ert (SA

9Bte alt

te?
fittt

agen tc: i^

13

S'al^re

unb 5 SRottate alt

alt;

Secret sum bu 6tft 13 3<if)t:e uttb 5 aWottatc c^uler: i^^ i^t iung uttb tttc^t alt. Center unb
^t<ff^^

er
fte

tft

13 ^al^rc

uttb
.

5 2)?onate
.

alt;

(5martf)a)

tft

t {ha^ Smabd&en)

tft

eien te
fe^r auf
tttet!fattt!

SSir

fittb fel^r

auftnerffatn*

Secret jut
Slaffe:
Cei^ter

t^t feib

fcl^r

aufnterffam*

unb

fte

ftnb aufmcrffant*

Klaffe:

aCe

3c^ 6tn auftrterffartt, Sufammen! ^^ jjjft auftnerffam uftt).

BEGINNERS GERMAN
2Btc alt ftnb ie SBic alt fcib
iSf)x

2$

unb ic?

jufammcn?

2Btc alt h)aren ie le^tc^ 3ctf)r? SBie alt tDcrben ic ncic^ftc^ 3^af)r fcin?

Snm

S3cifpiel: id^

bin 15 ^ai)xt alt,

tDarft

bu

14 3al)rc 15

alt,

er tDirb

16

3^al)re alt fcin,

h)ir [inb beibc

if)x

3cil)rc alt,

toaxt

14

S'alirc alt,
3fcil)re alt fein

fie

n)erben 16

ie ie ie ie
SBie

finb fo alt n)ie er.

ftnb nic^t fo alt n)ie er.

finb alter al^ er. finb ber altefte t)on il^nen.

923ie t)iele (filler finb f)ier

t)iele

ober finb annjefenb?

driller finb nid^t i)kx ober abniefenb?

Slmerifa

{)at ie^t

48 taaten,
f)aben Slmerifa

entfd^lanb ^at 26 taaten.

2Sie
t)iele

taaten

nnb S)entfd^lanb

jnfanxmen?
3^tt
ift

elb;" fo fagt man.

t)iel

3c^

l)abe biel 3^it, alfo ):)abt id^ and^

elb

5id^t toa^r?

Stimmt

J)a^

ift

ba^felbe tt)k:

ift

ba^

rid^tig (red^t)?

3fefet tDollen toir

red^nen

nnb ^Red^enanfgaben
unb

lofen*

2Bir nel^men bie Slbbition jnerft, bann bie

traftion, baranf bie aWnltiplifation
bie 2)it)ifion.

nb^
jnlefet

mbition an
ber Safel:

38

+26 ""64

24

BEGINNERS GERMAN
6 unb 8
inn;
1
ift

14;

tc^ fd^reibe 4[ l^in

unb be^dte

1 int

unb 2

ift

3 unb 3
abbicren.

tft

6.

Cie rntoort

ift

64.

!Da8

l^etfet

Slbbtercn

13
ie

btefe S<^^^t^'

4
6 8

6 5 4 9

5 9 7 3 4
21

7 8 2 5
3

9
.

4
1

2
5

3um
<Bubixat' an bet Safel:

S3etft)tel:

8+6+4+2 + 1
974
-518
tion

==

uftt).

456

my

8 t)on 4 gel^t nic^t; td^ borge ein^ (S^^^^r); 8 don 14 ift 6; 1 don 6 ift 5; 5 don 9 ift 4, ie 2Inttt)ort ift 456.
J)a^
l^eifet

fubtral^iercn.

S)ie 9?fuItipIifation fennen toir.

SBir fiaben ba^

ntultipligieren.

Sinmdein^ gelemt unb fonnen

3)tt>tfiott

an
5 t^ 8 ge^t
l^erunter.

8470

-^

5 = 1694 3
iibrig.

bcr 2:afcl:

cinntal; e^ bleiben

3c^ 3d^

t)oIe

4
7

in

34

gebt fed^^mal;

bleiben ilbrig.

f)ole

l^erunter.

5 5

in

47 20

gel^t

9 mal;

e^ bleiben 2.

^(^

f)oIe

5uII

Iierunter.

in

gef)t

4 mal.
ift

S)ie SlnttDort

1694.

J)a^

fieifet

bidibieren.

beginners' GERMAN
SBietiicI
ift:

2$
?

12

12

-^

15

-2 =

S)ie 2lntoort

ift

8.
ift

^tDoIftnal jtDoIf

f)unbert bierunbDicrjig,
ift

144 unb

(plu^) fec^^

{)unbert fiinf jig,

ift gel^ti,

150
10

(bidibiert) burc^ fiinfje^n

h)cniger

(minu^) itod

ift

ac^t^

Sine beutfc^e
(Sin

mart

dollar

f)at

100 pfennig. ungefctfir 4 2JJarL

\)at

2Bic bide 2)?arf

unb pfennig

finb

$42.30?

^anbc ^0^,

ttjcr cj tticife!

Conjugate the present

opposites.

of id^ 6in, using adjectives

and

their

E.g.
td^

bin

fleifeig,

totr finb fro^,

Ji^rfeibtraurig; fi^r

bubiftfaul;
er
fie
ift

\ii finb ic
fie

grofe,

gut,
finb !Iein
ift

(e^)

fc^Ied^t;

Where

is

the accent in most foreign nouns,

e.g. 2Ibbition?

933o l^aben mir faut .unb fro^ gelernt?

Note that

t>n is

used when addressing a child (a relative, a friend)

i^r is the plural of bu;

Sic

is

used when speaking to young people and adults,

singular

and

plural.

26

beginners' GERMAN

rieunte 2lufgabe
SBic Dieic

Sage

f)at cine

SBod^c?

(Sine 9Bo(f)e l^at [ieben

Xa^t.

2Kfo, n)iebielc 9lDd^

Jage

bilbcn cine SSod^e?

cine 2Bo(^e*

icben 2^age bilben

einmaU

sseld^e^ finb bie 9Berftage ciner SBod^e?

J)ie SBerftage einer SBod^e ftnb
S33ie t)iele
. . .

getertage finb in einet SBod^e?

ift

3ti einer SBod^e

ein geiertag*

Declension:

eine SBod^e,
1 r
,

Feminine Singular.
.m
^r

Nominative
.

Accusattve
Genitive
Z>a/iz;e

^^^^ SBod^e

einer SBod^e einer SBod^e

eine ontmergeit, etc., eine

Decline: cine 93Innte, eine gmd^t,

3)ieIobie, eine

B^W^

eine d^nle, eine d^illerin, eine Sef)rerin, eine

garbe, eine cite, eine ^txlt, eine $Red^enanfgabe, eine 2lbbition, etc.,
eine

Mart,
ift

eine

anb.

!Die^

ein SBeifpiel:
ittc
!J)ie

Slume

ift

fd^on,

33Iatter einer

3)er driller gibt ciner

Slume finb griin. Stume 9Baffer

!ie ?e{)rerin l^at cine SBIume^

Is there

any

difference in the declension of cine

t)iele

and

btc?

SBie

9Wonate

l^at ein

^al^r?

gin

^'al^r l&at s^olf 2)?onate

SBie biele 9Konate bilben bafier ein ^'al^r?

beginners' GERMAN
StDoIf 9Konate bilben ein ^a^x.

2^

SSeld^e^ [tub bie brei erbftmonatc ctnej^ ^cil^re^?

(ober: SBte l^eifeen
.

)
3<it)rc^ ftnb (f)cifeen):

ic
SBie

brei

^erbftmonate eine^

eptember, Oftober unb 9lot)embcr.

t)iele

^al^re^jeiten gibt e^ in einem

^a%x^

(g^ gibt Dier -3af)re^seiten in

einem

^(x1)x.

Declension:

ein 3af)r,
1
,

Neuter Singular.
^^
y

Nominative
Accusattve
Genitive
Z>a/zz;e

eine^ 3af)re^

einem 3al)r
S3Iatt, ein 9Wabc^en,

Decline: ein ^inb, ein ?ieb, ein SBort, ein

ein grdulein, ein 93nd^, ein SeifpieU

All

nouns
ift

in d^en
ift

and

letn

(diminutives) are of

what gender?

S)a^ Slattd&en

ein fleine^ 33Iatt.

SBa^

ein Siid^Iein? ein

^inbd^en?

What
^icr

difference

is

there between ha^

and

etn

in

the

declension?
ift

ein S3eifpiet:

@in Sinb

ift

inng

5)ie (gitern
3?(^ gebe

dnt SinbeS
ein

finb alt*

einem ^tnb ba^ ^ud).

3c^
Slufge^jafet!

t)erftef)e

Ktnb
bie

fe{)r

gnt.

S)er SSater

nnb

SKntter finb bie (SItern eine^

^inbe^,
S)ie SItern

nnb
ift

(bie)

^inber bilben eine gamilie*

bie

S)er SSater
i^ran,

ein

aWann, aber

9Wntter

ift

eine

er 58mber

ift

ein

^nabe, aber

bie c^tDefter ift

ein aWcibd&en.

28

beginners' GERMAN
Sin ^inb
ift

cntrt)ebcr cin

^nabc, bcr ol^n; obcr

cin 9Kdbd^en, bie

Xo^ttx.

2Bte biele S3ruber unb (^tt)cftern l^aben

iBriibcr

ie?
5D?uttcr

unb d^lDeftern

[tub cfd^tDifter.

!Ser
ift

ruber meinc^ 2?atcr^ obcr meincr

mein OnfeL
mcinc 2^antc.
etc., is

ie

(^tDcfter mcine^ SSater^ obcr meincr 9Kutter

ift

Observe that the article, gender or in number.

repeated

when

the nouns differ in

Semen Ste
au^tuenbig:

(Sf)rc j[c^t bic Stitcn,

T)u

bleibft ni(f)t ctDig

^inb;

ic

n)arcn, toa^
tx)irft,

bu

bift,
ftc finb*

Unb bu

toa^

geljnte 2lufgabe
9Bic Dieic

Sage
f)at

f)at

cin 9D?onat?

in aKonat

30 obcr 31 Sage.

9^cnnc ben Xiamen etne^ 9Konat^

Sluguft
ift

bcr

9lame eine^ 9Wonat(e)^.

t)ox

SBo tDaren ie

einem 3)Jonat (ago)?

id^

S?or einem 9Konat tdav

in bcr d^ule.

28ie Diele Jage bitben etnen 9Wonat?

30

obcr 31

Sage

bilben cinen 9Wonat.

Declension:

ein Wflonat,

Masculine Singular.

Nominative
Genitive

ein 9}?onat

cine^ 9Wonat(c)^

Dative
Accusative

einem 9)Jonat(e)
einen 9Wonat

beginners' GERMAN
Decline: cin 2^anncnbaunt,
tin taat, cin pfennig, cin

29
2t\)xtv, cin Slnfang,

cm

d^iiler,

cm

gcicrtag, cin

S3atcr, cin 5D?ann, cin

S3ruber, cin

DnfcL

Sum

SBcifpicl:

yietd 2)orf

ift cttt

Staai
ctncig

S)ic

Scute

(i8ch)of)ncr)

Staate^

l&ci^cn

SSiirgcr*

^n

cincm ^iaait gibt c6 bide d^ulcn^

S)ie iBiirger bilben ctncn

Staat

2)a^
23rat> fcin!

bcrftcl^cn

ie bod^?
fein, b. ^.

ie miiffen brad

(ha^

^eifet)
is

gut

fcin^

What

difference in the declension

there between

ber unb cin?

aSeitcr!

Jie ganse
*tittffc.

SBie bide SBod^cn l^at ba^ ^a^r? T)^^ cv^^^ ^^^ 52 SBoc^en. gg.^ ^.^^^ 2:age ^at cin
(gin ^at)V f)at

^a^r? 365 Sage.

1912
cin

9Bie bide S^age finb aber in cincm d^altjal^r?

3n

cincm d^altiaf)r finb 366 Sage.

ift

d^altjal^r.

SBie bide

tunben 24 tunben.

l^at

cin

lag?

(Sin 2^ag l^at

28ir l^aben ie^t cine beutfd^e tunbe bon 10-11 Ul^r.

f)at cine tunbe? tunbe l^at 60 2)?inuten. 25on 1-2 (bi^ jtt)ei) ift cine tunbe. S?on 2-3 ift hjieber cine tunbe, unb

SSie bide SKinuten

(Sine

fo tDcitcr.

@ine

fialbc

tunbe
f)at

l^at
]f)at

30

9JJinuten.

(Sine $8iertdftunbe
(Sine

15 9Kinuten.

aWinute

60 efunben,

3lbieu!

2(uf 3Btcbcrfc^cn!

30

beginners' GERMAN

lfte 2lufgabe

uten
SWorgcn!

3fefet ift e^
l^ctl

Ufir.

S)ie

onnc

fc^cint.
j[e^t

(g^

ift

(g^

ift friif),

2Bir f)aben
3)?orgen
ift

ben

friil^en

aWorgen^
mittag.

9^ad^

bem

fommt

ber S5or=

Urn 12
(2^

Uf)r

e^ a^ittag.

l^abcn h)ir ben 9Zad^tnittag,

arauf unb bann fommt

fiell,

ber Slbenb.
bunfel,

ift

abenb^ nid^t
friil^,

fonbem
S)ie

unb

e^

ift

nid^t

fonbem

fpat

yia(i)t folgt,

unb bann

tDirb e^ SKittemad^t*

S)er 9)Jorgen
SBeften,

ift

ber Often,

unb

ber Slbenb

ift

ber
bie

S)er 9Wittag
ift

ift

ber ilben,

unb

aWittemac^t

ber 5yiorben
fo an:

Tlan

rebet feine

greunbe

uten aorgen! ute ma^tl

uten Jag!
tDiinfd^e

uten

lbenb!

a^

ift fitrjer

aU: i^

^l^nen guten Tlox-

gen

ufrt)

aben ie ^opfmel^ (headache)? @6 tut mir fef)r leib, ba^ ie ^opfmel^

^offentlid^ tDerben

fiaben*

ie balb

h)ieber gefunb^

^errS.!

fatten ie

tior gtt)ei

^af)xtn eutfd^?

9iein, t)or gtDei 3^abren fiatte id^ fein eutfd&

^aben ie

fett jtDei

aWonaten eutfd^?
l^abe id^ S)eutfd^.

3?an)of)I, feit gtDei

aWonaten

Scorer

5um bu
er

l^aft feit gtDei

a)Zonaten eutfd^.

chiller:

Scorer unb
tlaffe:

(fie,

e6) f)ai feit gtDei

aWonaten eutfd^*

aScitct!

h)ir l^aben feit gtt)ei

aWonaten eutfd^.

Piaffe!

beginners' GERMAN
Stirrer sur
il^r

^abi

fcit

gmei 9Wonaten S)cutf(i^*

Slaffe:

@{e
unb
fie

i^aben feit jtrei

SWonaten eutfd^^
!Deutfc^^

Sci^rer
filaffe:

l^abcn feit itod

Tlonakn

Conjugate the present

E.g.
id) f)abt

of

id^ ijaic

in complete sentences.

bic crftc Slufgabc,

lt)ir

l^abcn bie

ferf)ftc

Slufgabe,

if)r f)abt

bie fiebte Slufgabe,

bu

f)aft bie gttieite

Slufgabe,

ie

{)aben bie

a^U

Slufgabe,

er ^at bie britte Slufgabe,

fie f)at

bie t)ierte SlufQabe,

fie

l^aben bie neunte (stDanjigfte)

e^ (ba^ 5D?abd^en) ^at bie

fiinfte Slufgabe,

Slufgabe*

Use

similarly:
bie i^rage, bie 2lnth3ort, bie ?eftion, etc.

ba6 piel, ba^ SBort, ba6 Sud^, etc.

einen 2ef)rer, einen 25ater, einen geiertag, etc.

Is there a special progressive or

emphatic verbal form in

German? Does the present

times?

replace the future

and the perfect at

fottbettt?

What is the diffierence in the use of abet and Does fonbern mean "but on the contrary''?
E.g.

Illustrate.

m
e^

ift
ift

frub, abet e^

ift

bunfel
ift

nid^t frUb, f onbetn e^

fpat*

32

beginners' GERMAN

giDoIfte
Sluf^jaffen!

^ufgabc
S)ie Uf)r
ift

S)a^

ift

einc Uf)r.

runb,

fie ift

nic^t

Seigen Sic

alien bie

U^r

in ber Slaffe!

!Die ^Iaffenuf)r f)at st^ei 3^i9^^

filr bie

Sin 3^tger
9Kinuten

ift

tunben, ber anbere

ift

filr bie

aSiediel Uf)r
(g6
ift

e^ jefet?

gegen

jel^n Uf)r

3ft e^

frlll^

ober fpcit?
nad^ 10.

Qn filnf 9Kinuten ift e^ fiinf $minuten 3n 15 aWinuten ift e^ ein S3iertel nad^ 3n 30 aWinuten ift e6 ^alb elf. 3n 45 aWinuten ift e^ ein SSiertel t)or
S'n 50 90?innten
^iPnnft f)alb brei
ift ift

10 (Jll).
11 (f 11).

e^ iei)n SKinuten t)or 11, etc.

nnfere (^ule au^.

Urn
Q(i)

h)iet)iel

U^r

gel^en

ie abenb^ jn S3ett?

9Bann

ftel^en

ie morgen^ auf ?
fieben Uf)r anf.
gef)en

ftel^e

nm

Um

tDiebiel ]Xi)V

ie

am onntag

in bie

^irc^e?

aben ie jn ^aufe eine Ul^r? f t)on 100? = 20, 1 Don 100 = 40, | Don 100 = 60. i Don 100 i Don 120 = 20, 20 X 6 = 120. f (gloei rittel) Don 1800 = 1200; -| Don 1800 =
SBiet)ieI ift

600, 1 finb 1200;

nfto.

Semen Sie
bie^ aui^s
hjenbig:

^^

fann

ftel^en,

i^en,

gel^en.

SBenn
Sege

ic^

miibe bin,
f)in.

i($

mid^

beginners' GERMAN
inb ic milbe unb
3)a6
ift

33

nid^t frifd^?

fc^abc.

@^

tut

mir

Icib,

ba^ ic

tnilbc

finb!

Piaffe!

ic miiffcn gcrabc
erabe
ift

fi^cn, nic

frumtn!

fo

bid

lx)ic

aufrcd^t^

^onncn ic

nid)t

gcrabc [i^cn?
9lcl^tncn

ic 3l^rc Xa\<i)mu()v, unb' fagcn ic

bide S^^Q^^ ^i^^ Safd^cnul^r
l^at!

mir,

iDic

iffiofiir ift

bcr brittc cS^tgcr?

9Ba^
aSic

gcigt bicfcr

S^W^
bidf

(^^)?
obcr bllnn?

3ft cine 3:afd^cnul^r

ift

cine

SBanbu^r?
ift

Unfcrc ^laffenul^r
bcr

cine 2Banbuf)r, tocil fie

an

SBanb

f)angt.
ift

Sine 2af(f)enuf)r

cine Vit)v filr bic Safd^c*

Take a

railroad time-table

and have the pupils read the

various trains as to their leaving and arriving!

Railroad
l^cifet

ficifet

auf beutfd^ bic Sifcnbal^n; train

auf bcutfc^ bcr

^^fte

SM^^^
Srooflijn
gcl^t

3-^* ^^
Vii)V

Sm

urn 6
^cid^

bon

yim

2)orf ab; bcr jtbcitc

S^i
an?

93rooflt)n gcf)t urn

6:15 bon

9^eh) 2)orf ab, etc.

SBann fommt
aWit tDcId^cm

bcr erfte

Sm tn
ic

9lctt)

2)orf

etc.

Sm tbcrben

fal^rcn?
ftxfircn,

^d)

tDcrbe

mit bem Ic^tcn

Sm

(g^

ift

ntir cinerlei (c6 ntad^t

td^

mir

nid^t^ au^), tDcnn

fpdt nad^

^aufc fommc.

^a^

tut

SBa^

l^cifet

ba^ auf cnglifd^?

ttit^t^!

@^^

i^g (gnglifd^c!

SBortc

Ubcrfc^en ic ben
bilbcn cincn afe.

34
Piaffe!
Sefircr:

BEGINNERS GERMAN

Q^
bu

toctbe

morgen

hm ^ug

nefimcn;

toirft

Secret unb
tiaffe:
'

er toxxi

morgen ben S^Q nefimen; morgen ben 3ug nel^men; morgen ben S^Q nefimen;

iDir tt^erben
il^r

morgen btn 3ug nefimen; ie tocrben morgen ben S^^ nef)men; fie toerbctt morgen btn 3ug nef)men
njerbct
id^ loerbe

ba^ Sieb ftngen,

ben afe fpred^en,
Slnfgabe lemen,

ren Sic:

id^ h)erbe

id^ tDerbe bte

id^ h)erbe

in bie ^ird^e gel^en,

id^ tDerbe
id^ tDerbe

einen frol^en

onntag

l^aben,

baranf toetten.

233o l^aben totr barouf njettcn

nnb

froi^cn

Sonntag

gel^abt?

Drd3cljnte 2lufgabe
Slaffe!

SBie diele gippen f)aben toir?

2Bir f)aben
Oberlippe.

jtrei

Sippen, bie Unterlippe unb bie

inb
S)ie

bie

Sippen rot ober blau ober griln?

2\pptn finb rot,

ift

SBeld^e^
S)ie

bie

garbe ber ?ippen?

ift

garbe ber Stppen

tviv

rot,

SBa^ tun

mit ben ?ippen?

n)ir.

9Kit ben Sippen pfeifen

aSeiterl

2Bie biete ginger f)aben toir?

SBir t)aben

sei^n fjinger

jufammen.

J)a^

ift

ber

Heine ginger!

beginners' GERMAN
inb
2)ie

35

bie

ginger bid ober bilnn?

Singer finb bilnn*

ift

SBeld^e^
S)ie

bie

gorm

ber ginger?
edtg*

2Sa^ tnt
ajJit

gorm ber finger ift mnb, nid^t man mit ben gingem?
ben fjtngem
t)iele

filfiU

man*
S)er ^al^n
ift

Slc^tung!

SBie

^al^ne f)aben ie?

nic^t ftnmpf*

fpi^

nnb

\(i)ax\,

9Bir l^aben jn)eiunbbrei6ig SS^ne*

SBie finb bie 38^^^/ f^^^f *>^^^ ftnmpf?

SBa^
;j)ie

ift

bie Slufgabe ber

3^^)^^?
ift

Slufgabe ber Sft^ne

jn beifeen unb gu fauen*

233a^ tnn mir

mit htn 3af)nen?

beifeen

9Kit ben
?tufgejaf|t!
Sllfe

3S^^^

nnb fanen

h)ir*

9K(inner,

granen unb ^inber

SBir

l^aben

glDei

Slugen*

Tlit ben Slugen

gtDei

fel^en tt)iv.

atte tiaben

aud^

Ofiren*

ajtit

ben O^ren f)6ren ^ir*

finb nil^Iid^*

a6

Singe

unb ha^

O^r

SBir l^aben eine 92afe*

S)ie SStugen, bie Ol^ren
fic^t*

9)Jit ber 5yjafe ried^t

unb

bie 9iafe finb

man* im t^
fill^Ien

SDtit

btn

jefin

gingem an ben

itod ^cinben

tDir*

ie^

ift

bie red^te

anb, unb ba^

ift

bie

linfe

anb*
9}Jit

ber

^anb

fd^reiben h)ir*
gllfee*

SBir l^aben aud^ gmei 93eine unb itdd

9Kit ben 58einen unb glifeen gel^en

h)ir*

J)a6

ift

ba^

red^te S3ein,

unb

bie6

ift

ber linfe gufe*

36

beginners' GERMAN
SBir leden bic Sippen mit bcr S^^i^* bem 9)?unbc (mit ber titnme) fprec^en
jtDci

9Wit

n^ir*

2Bir l^aben ami)

Slrme.

S)cr 5lrm

ift

ba^

lieb ober ein lieb,

S)ic Slrme
Sllle

unb

bie

33eme fxnb licben

lieber bilben ben .Sorper*

2luf

SBir l^aben aud^ eineu ^opf.

k)iclc

bem ^opf

[tub

^aare,
l^at t)ielc

S)a^ ^aav
Sluf

garben*
lr)ir

bem ^opfe tragen

ift

eitien

^ut

3ln ben giifeen tragen tDir triimpfe

unb
ift

d^uf)C*
biinn*

S)er d^uf)

bid, aber ber

trumpf

Declension

in the Plural (bie Sippe, ber ginger, ber B^fin).

Nom.
Gen.
Dat. Ace,

bie

Sippen

bie

ginger

bie

3^^ne

ber ?ippen

ber ginger

ber cS^^^e

ben ?ippen
bie

itn gingem
bie

ben ^Ci\)ntn
bie 3til^ne

?ippen

ginger

Decline in the plural like

bie Hufgabe, bie

bie

Sippe in complete sentences:

U^r,

gran,

bie Sefirerin, bie d^iilerin, bie 2Bo(f)e, bie

Slume,
3unge.

bie d^ule, bie ^ird^e, bie garbe, bie

bie 5Hafe, bie

Of what gender are these nouns? Are their stem-vowels a, o, u ever modified (Umlaut)
the plural?

in

How
^nabe.

are masculine nouns ending in -e inflected?

E.g. ber

The
noims.

-(e)n declension

is

called

the weak declension of

All other

nouns that do not take the ending -(e)n in the

plural (or in the genitive singular) are said to follow the

strong declension.

BEGINNERS' GERMAN
Decline in the plural like ber finger:
(a)

37

ber

^orpcr, bcr aSintcr, ber

ommcr,

ber driller, ber

?ef)rer, ber

Onfcl; ba^ 9Wabd^en,

(a, o, il):

ba;^ graulein;

(b)

with Umlaut

ber 33ater, ber ruber, ber arten;

bie abutter

and

bie Jod^ter,

Do

these nouns take an additional ending to form the

plural?

What
1^.

did you notice about the dative plural of

all

nouns?
these

How many
What
nouns?

feminine nouns are in this class?

all

are the nominative singular endings of

Decline in the plural like ber S^il^*

(a)

without Umlaut:
ber 2lrm, ber c^ul^, (ber gt^eunb), ber

Xaq;

ia^

Sdi)x; ba6 piel, ba^ 33ein.

(bie B^i^ne):

1^

(b)

with Umlaut

K^ H^
|p
Most

ber ol^n, ber gufe, ber

bie

^opl

ber ut, ber trutnpf;

bie Suft,

anb,

bie

^a^t,

bie

SBanb,

nound that take the ending -e in the nominawhat gender? Are the nominative, genitive, and accusative plural always the same with any noun? Do English nouns ever form the plural by Umlaut? Illusof the
tive plural are of
trate.

Give the principal parts of nouns as follows:

bie ?ippe, ber

?ippe, bie Sippen; ber ginger, be^ ginger^, bie ginger, etc.

38

beginners' GERMAN

t)ter3ctjnte

5Iufgabc
^tnber?
gri^^

Slttftjaffen!

5E3te l^etfeen biefe beiben

2)te

Stnbcr

Iieifeen

^an6 unb

SBeld^e^ finb bie

9^amen bcr ^inbcr?

ie 9laTnen
2Ber
ftef)t

bet ^inbcr finb

$an6 unb

grUj

bei

ben

^inbem?
ben ^nbern^

2)er Sefirer

ftel)t

bei

SBer
SBir

fiel^t

unb

l^ort bie

^inber?

fel^en

unb

f)oren bie

^nber*

Declension of ia^ ^inb in the Plural.

Nominative
Genitive
bie

f inber
^inbem
^inber

ber ^inber

Dative
Accusative

ben
bie

Decline in the plural like ba^ ^inb in complete sentences:

ba6 Sieb, ba^ Iieb; ba^ S3ud^, ba^
SSiid^er, etc.);

S3Iatt,

ba^ prid^toort

(bie

bet 2)?ann.

What

is

the gender of most nouns taking -er in the

nom-

inative plural?

of these

Are the stem-vowels nouns?

a, 0,

u always modified in the plural

NOTE
S)iefe^

^inb

ift

ein

^nabe.

er Snabe
3d^ gebe
SBir
S)iefe

fieifet

^arl.

35er 9lame be^

Snaben ift tarl bem Snaben ein 93ud^. feF)en ben Snaben oft.
Snaben
finb nteine driller.

beginners' GERMAN
In what
sion differ

39

way do the masculine nouns of the weak declenfrom the feminine nouns?
S)ie 9)?anncr einc^ (Biaatt^ ftnb btc SBiirger,
3)ie Staatctt 9^ett) 2)orf

3f(^tung!
I

unb

9ten) ^erfeij Itcgcn

im

Often

t)on lmerifa
be;^

Sic garbe
^ic

3tugc^

t[t

oft blau^

Stttgen ftnb

im

eftd^t.
ift

S)tc Slufgabc be;^

O^rc^

gu I)6ren*

SBir l^aben

gtDei Di^ren,

Why
called

should these three nouns be said to follow the so-

mixed declension?

^flnfjcl^nte Zlufgabe

(Review)

\
B.
C.

Classify

all

nouns into:

The -n
(1)

class

(Weak

declension.

No

Umlaut).
1

the iV<7-ending class

,^,

(2)the
(3)

-e
-cr

class
class (always

the

Umlaut)

declension).
J

-(c)^ genitive singular; -(e)n nominative plural (Mixed

declension).
SBicbcrtjolung ber ganjen S)eHination ber
tDorter mlinblid^

^anpt^

nnb

fc^riftlid^!

SSamm
c3*

l^eifeen

Nouns

anf beutfc^ ^anpttDorter?

^*

it^ f)tibe gtDei 8ip|)cn,

bn

fiaft gefin

ginger,

er f)at

32

S^^xit,

40

beginners' GERMAN
ftc

(c^) fiat t)ter Sild^cr;

n}ir f)abcn fiinf

tl^r

Sd^rcrinncn,

^aht fcc^6

?e]^rer,

tc
ftc

l^aben jtDct S^fe^^

ftarfc Iicbcr

^ahtn

SScrtDanbeln

ic (Change) ben ingular

in htn in
bie

plural in bicfcn

a^en

(bic (Singal^l

id& f)abc

einc S^afe,

bu

l^aft

einen SBruber,

cr l^at cinen 2op\,

fie

(e6) f)at ein Sieb*

S* S* SBir

fiaben (gtDei 5Rafen) 9?afen

uftt).

ibt e^ einen ^Inrd

t)on ein, eine, ein"?

SJJan fann folgenben *ipinral gebrand^en:

Nominative
Genitive
Z>a/iz;e

einige

einiger

einigen
einige

Accusative
SBeanttDorten

ie

bie folgenben

gragen:

SBomit SBomit
SBomit

fefien n)ir?

l^oren irir?

ried^en n)ir?
tx)ir?

SBontit fnt)Ien

SBomit fc^meden SBomit SBomit

iDir?

gel^en tdxx?

fpred^en toir?

SBontit beifeen n)ir?

aiBomit fd^reiben njir?

beginners' GERMAN
SBeld^c^
ift

4I
obcr bic 3<J^I

bie

garbc obcr

bie

gorm

bcr Sippen?

ber i5to9^i^? ber

3^^^^?

berS3ll(^er?

Semen ie
bie^ au^^
tt>enbifl:

9Kit ben
gjjit

Hugen tann

id^ fel^en,
id^ gef)en, ic^ greifen, i(| pfeifen;

ben glifeen fann

^^.^ ^^^

anben fann

9Kit bent 9Kunbe fann

9)}it

ben Ot)ren fann

id^ f)oren

nte

prlid^e, treife Setiren*

l^eifet fiil^Ien,
ift

reifen
S)er

l^alten.

aWnnb

S)er Bpvud)

mnb, trenn man pfeift* fommt t)on fpred^en.

Supply the missing endings or words in: ^txi^nabe l^at ein- runben ^opf mit ein- furjen

^aU
S3ein

(ber al^, neck),

(gr l^at ein- red^ten

2lmt nnb ein- linfen 2lmi, and^

mit

jel^n
,

nnb
.

red^te^

linfe^ S3ein

(Sr fiat gt^ei

(gr l^at gtoei blane

O
What

ein- fleine 91

nnb
bet,

fd^one

S
,

anbe
gnte

glDei

case

do

these

prepositions

always

govern
ntit,

na^,

Don, su,
feit

aui^,

nnb

aufter?

Illustrate.

E.g.

SBir gel&en

na^ bem

SBeften ju nnferen grennben*

42

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

5ed?3eljnte 2lufgabe

utcn

SBcId^er

Jag

ift

^eute?

t S^ncn? aSie ficpn-

>^iitc ift

S)onner^tag, bcr 23 JZoDember 191

!Der

n)iet)ieltc ift t)cute?

ben Sie ft^?

Vte^cn
Sie

!5)cr

breiunbjlDangigfte 9?ot)etnbcr*

ieutHc(|:gfjennen

ie ba^

fieutige

atxtm nod^ einmal!

fein?

SBeld^e^
SBeld^e^

Saturn Saturn
Saturn
Saturn

iDar geftem?
iDirb

morgen

SBeld^e^

l^aben iDtr l^eute?

cute

l^aben tDir ben breiunbjlDanjigften 9Jot),

l^atten
rt)tr

1911

SBcId^e^ SBeld^e^

geftem

(gel^abt) ?

Saturn

tDerben h)ir

morgen

f)aben? etc.

SBann
9)?ein

ift

^^r eburt^tag?
ift

eburt^tag

am

jel^nten 3<itiuar

Sin treld^em

Sage

l^aben

ie ^l^ren eburt^tag?

SBann ift SBaf^ington^ eburt^tag? SBann ift gincoto eburt^tag? eben ie bie rid^tige 3lnttt)ort in (ber, ben, am)
SJBann beginnt ber SBinter?

brei

a^en

SBann beginnt ber griil^Iing? uftD* SBann ift 2Seif)nad&ten? 2ln tDeld^em Sage ift Sleuial^r? 9Kan tDllnfd^t feinen greunben lMli^e^ 9?eu^ ober ^rofit ^tniai)x" unb ,,grof)li(^e ial^r''
SBeif)nad^ten,"

SBeld^er SSeld^er

Sag Sag

ift ift

ber 9?ationaIfeiertag in Slmerifa?

ber 9?ationaIfeiertag in Seutfc^^

lanb?

beginners' GERMAN
SJBann ^abtn ie
frci,

43

obcr tt)ann ^dbtn te gcrien?

eben ic,

bitte,

ha^ genaue !S)atum an!

NOTE
PRETERIT

PRESENT
l^cute
ift

FUTURE

gcftem
ti3ar

morgen
n)trb
(
)

fein

WitttdOii),

S)onner^tag,
bcr 23. 5Rot).

S^^itag,

ber 22, 5ot),

191L

191L

bcr 24, 9lot),

[fein],

eftern
l^attcn h)ir
(
)

eute
[gel^abt]

SKorgen
n)crbenn)ir(

f)aben

tt)ir

)^aben

9Kittlt)od^,

2)onner^tag,

S^^itag,
ben24,5ot).[{)a6en].

ben22,9lot)a911[ge^a6t], bcn23.5ot),

191L

in

Where are German?

infinitives
Illustrate.

and (perfect) past participles placed Are they inflected as verbal nouns?

Steb3et^nte 2lufgabe
Stufgevafft!

2Btr tooUtn cin ncue^ ebtd^t lemen:

^tc 2onUx

@tn
^d^

ebt(3^t,

ba^

man

ftngcn fann,

l^etfet

cin ?teb*

h)erbe bie erftc tropl^c be^ Stebe^

langfam
fonncn:

tjorfprec^en, fo

ha^ ie mid^

berftel^en

3c^
S)a6

^eife ntd^t, tt)a^

id^ fo

foC e^ bebeuten,

traurig bin;

(Sin 5D?ftrd^en

an^ alten 3^tten,

S)a6 fontnxt ntir nid^t an^ bem inn*

ic guft

ift

m% nnb e^ bunfett,

Unb cr

rul^ig flicfet ber SJl^ein;

ipfel be^ S3ergc^ fnnfelt

5lbenbfonncnfd^cin

^m

44

beginners' GERMAN
SBcId^e SBorter fcnncn tc,

unb

n)o ftnb

fie

bor*

gcfommen?
SBeld^e SSorter fennen
S)ie SBorter:

ic nid^t?

bcbeuten, ba^ 2)?ar(^en, vnt)iQ, bcr

ipfel, ber S3erg, funfelt^

iBebcuten

fieifet

fo

t)iel tt)te:

fagen,

l^eifeen*

9Kan
ba^

fagt:

2Ba^

foil

ba^ bebeuten, ober tDa^

tDolIen

foil

l&eifeen?
ift

SSa^

ic

bantit fagcn?

(Sin SKard^en

eine efd^id^te, eine Segenbc*

9?ur)ig bebeutet

ftill.

S)ic gorclei

fi^t

auf cinem SBerg

(cf.

English:

ice- J^g)

!Dcr ipfel be6 93erge^ S)cr gufe be^ S3erge^

(g^ funfelt
l^eifet:

ift: f)0(^

oben auf bem S3erge

ift:

unten

am

(an bem) SBerge*

e^ fd^eint, e^ glifeert*

9Ba^

ift

ba^ egenteil Don: traurig?

SBo

l^aben

ie

e^ gelemt?
fiir

28a6 fonnen ie
2)er 9Jf)ein

e^ bunfelt" fagen?
(gr
ift

fliefet

mf)ig*

ein

glufe, ein

trom*
S)er aWiffiffippi
f(^nelt.
ift

aud^ ein glufe, aber er

fliefet

SSerftel^en

ie

je^t

aKe^?

e^en ie
ben

bie

le^ten glDei

3^W^^

^^^ Sorelei in

"ipiural!

3fefet iDoIten h)ir

ha^ Sieb,

bie Sorelei, ober bie erfte

tropl^e be^ Siebe6 ftngen!

2Bie biele Sieber l^aben
tt)ir

fd^on au^menbig

ge^^

lemt?

ingen ie
entail

SEannenBoum nod^ einmal!

bie erfte tropfie be^

3d^ ^erbe ^f)nen

be^ biftieren!

neuen gie^

BEGINNERS GERMAN
%d^imqlA

45

^cinrtc^ ^cine ^at ha^ fci^onc ?icb, btc Sorelet,

gcfc^rieben ober gebid^tet.
(gr
ift

bcr tester

be6 fd^onen ebtd^te^.

^einrid^ ^einc tDurbe

ift

im

^al^re

1797 geboren unb

(Sr lebte alfo t)on

im

^af)re

1856
ein^
ift

gcftorben.

1797

bi^

1856 unb
ift

tDurbe faft
fciticr

59

^afire alt,

S)ie Sorelei

fd^onften

unb

bcften

ebic^tc,

@^

fd^oner

unb

bcffer al^ Diele feiner Sieber*

ffrarjen

unb Wxttooxtcn

S* S*

SSBer f)at bic Sorelei gebid^tet? ufto*

NOTE
er f)at ba^ ebid^t gcbid^tet, aber
cr ift inx ^ai)xt

1856

geftorben.

What kind of verb is bid^tcn? And ftcrbctt? Are they both transitive verbs? Note auxiliaries.
Where
is

the negative nid^t placed?

2ld?t3eljnte

2tufgabe
ba6 Sieb,
bie ?oreIei,

Sctcn Sic
aufmcrfs

cute toerben

tt)ir

becnben

^^^^ beenbigen!

^d)

h)erbe

Qf)nm ha^

2)?ctrd^en

bon ber Sorelei

Seenbiguttg

cr^

gal^Ien*

iBeenbigen

fommt bon @nbc.

fommt
t)on

fieifet

tttda^ beenbigen,
((Sr)jaf)Ien

3<i^I

rjcil&Iung

l^eifet

ettda^ erjcifilen,

SBa^
2{Ifo:

ift

bie

SBieber^oIung?
ift

ie

Sorelei

nad^ ber Segenbe ein fd^one^

"ifflab^

d^en

mit golbnem ^aar,

ie

fifet

oben auf

46
"^

beginners' GERMAN
cinetn
[ef)r

Serge ant dt^dn.

Unten

flie^t ber ^^Ii^fe

ftarf jtDifc^en l^of)en gelfen

(rocks).
l^at eitien
if)r

3)ie

Sorelei f)at bli^enbe S'utDelen

unb

gol-

benen

^amm

in ber

anb,
ie

iDonttt fie

golb^

ne^

^aar

fdmntt^

fingt ein tDnnberbotle^

Sieb mit ntcid^tiger 3)?eIobie*

@in c^iffer in
l^ort

feinem fleinen (^iffe, in einent c^iffc^en,

ba^ 8ieb nnb

(l^inanf)*

\itf)t

iu ber [c^onen Sorelei entpor

(r fief)t

nnr

fie

altein an,

nnb

fo ger^

fd^ellt (jerbrid^t) fein

S3oot an

bem

gelfen*

ftirbt ber c^iffer in

Slttftttcrfs

ben SBelten be6 dt^tin^.

!J>ie

Sie

glDeite

tropl^e t)on

Soreici lantet:

iatn fein!
S)ie fc^onfte

^ungfran

fi^et

Sort oben tDnnberbar,

Q^v

golbne^ efd^nteibe bli^et,

if)r

ie fcimmt ie fammt

golbene^ ^aar.

e^

mit golbenem

^amme

Unb

fingt ein Sieb babei,

]^at eine

a^

tDnnberfame,

elDaltige SKelobei^

2Ba^ fonnen ie
SBa^ fonnenie 2Ba^ fonnen ie

ftatt bte f^i)nfte

ftatt t^r

Su9ftau fagen?

goIbne)^@efd|meibe fagen?

ftatt bli^et

fagen?

2Ba^ fonnen ie

ftatt gettjalttge

SWebbei fagen?

ingen ie
ad^ttttig!

bie jttieite tropl^e!

S)ie britte

nnb

le^te tropf)e lantet fo:

en
@r @r

d^iffer

im

fleinen d^iffe
2Bel^;

(grgreift e^

mit n)ilbem

fd^ant nid^t bie gelfenriffe, fd^ant

nnr

f)inanf in bie o]&

beginners' GERMAN

47

^^

gtaubc, bic SBellen t)erf(^nn9cn

Unb ba6

Sim Snbe d^iffer unb ^a{)n; f)at mit i{)rem ingcn

S)ie Sorelet gctan.

S)er d^iffer
(gr frfiaut
tft

l^at alfo

el^nfud^t (longing).

[o

t)iel

h)ie?
fageti anftatt: bie SBellen \)tx^

2Ba^ fonnen ie
fd^Iingen

am @nbe

d^iffer

unb ^af)n?

SBe^Iialb [tirbt ber c^iffer?

ingen ie
^teffc!

bie lefete tropt)c ber gorelei!

fllr

Unfere Slufgabe

morgen

ift:

te gorelei gans au^tDenbig gu lernen

gu fijunen*

unb

fd^reiben

Heun3eljnte 2lufgabe
Stt^tung!

9Ba^
2)a6

I)aben
tft

te ha liegen?
93u(^?
33ud^.

etn Sud^.

^[t e^

3^r

Sa,

e^,ift

mein

3ft e^ ein eft?

SJldn, e^
ift

fein eft,

fonbem

ein 33ud^*

3d^

fe^e l^ier

au^

ein iBilb,

unb bort

finb fed^^

genfter.
!J)a6

papier barf aber nid^t l^erumliegen!

^etr

XA

tefien ie auf

agen ie:
ie

id^ ftel^e

auf*

finb grofe, be^l^alb fage id^: tel&cn

id&:

ie auf!

Sn einem ^inbe fage 3u ^inbem fage id&:

fteK^) (^^U
ftel&t

auf!

48

beginners' GERMAN
yitf)mtn ic, bittc,

^^v

55ud^!

^6) ncl^mc mcin

$8uci&.

^ffnen ic Q\)v Sud^, ober madden Sic 3i&r S8u^

auf!

3(^

offnc

mein 93ud^ ober mad^e mcin Sud^

Sie
icijt 3i&t^

auf,
3fltr

d^Iicfeen

Sud^, ober mad&en@ie

uc^
^d^

Su!

fd^Iiefee ieijt

mein 58ud^ ober mad^e mein $8ud&

ober tDcg!

in.

Scgcn ic 3f)r S8ud^

f)in

3d^

lege

mein iBud^

f)in.

el^n ie ftd^! (33Ieiben ie ftel^en!) ie tnuffen fagen: id^ felje mid^*

^anfe
fd^on!

5)a^ iDar nid^t

iibel,

ba^

tt>av

gut!

3d^ mufe ie

loben (praise)!

I^tduletn

3ft

3^r ud^
ift ift

griln, blau ober rot.

rot?

3!

aWein 35ud^
SBeld^e^
J)ie

bie

garbe 3^re^ SBud^e^?

ift

garbe meine6 iBud^e^

diele

rot.

inb

eiten in 3f)rem S8ud^(e)?

t)iele

meinem 58ud^ finb 3eigen ie mir ^i)v iBud^! 3^ geige ^i^neti mein Sud^
3^an)of)I, in

eiten.

fjraulein
21*'

ie

l^aben ein fd^one^ ^leib an.

SSeld^e garbe f)at

S^r^Ieib?

2)a toar
ntd^t^!

^n
n)ie

ein paar

tunben mufe

e^ beffer gefien!

Q^

ift

nid^t

unaufmerffam ie

fein fonnen!

5U glauben,
8tuf|iaf|en!
id^

offne

mein

35ud&,

BEGINNERS GERMAN
Scorer:
Scl^rer

49

bu
unb
'

offncft bcin S3ud^,

cr offnct fcin ^Vi6),

ftc

Iaffc:
.

offnet

if)r

33u(^,

c^ offnet fein 53u(^;

n)ir offnctt unfere SBiic^cr,

'

t^r offnet eure Silc^cr,

ie offnen 3^re
fie

Slicker,

offnen

if)re SBiic^er,

id^ JlonjuQte^ ren Sie afic {^

fd^Iiefee

mein

genfter;

Sufammen:

^^^^ ^ein ^eft nic^t anf^ Sege ic^ mein papier f)in?
\)aht

^i)

mein ^leib an;

\6) ftelle

mein

S3ilb nid^t toeg (ftellen

biefe

l^eifet

legen).

d^reiben ie

^onjngationen gn ^anfe!
l^in!

3c^
einmal!

lege ie^t

mein i8nd^
^in?

SBer legt je^t fein SBuc^

f)in?

SBa^

legft

bn

jefet

SSol^in legt

if)r jefet

enre SBiid^er?

SBann

legen

ie

^\)xt S3iid^er f)in?

SJSie n3erben fein

unb mein,

bein, fein, unfer, euer,

i^t befliniert?

SBarum nennt man

fie

@in=9Borter?

aSeld^e^ finb bie (Snbungen be^ ^rdfen^?

NOTE
Can an adverb separate the from its subject in German?
Is it possible in English?

inflected

form

of the predicate

Illustrate

your assertion.

50

beginners' GERMAN

Hufgcjiafet!

2Ba^
3)a^

fef)en

ie ba?

^\t e^ einc Jafcl ober tint ^arte?

ift

eine 2afel, fcinc ^axtt.

ftc

J)ic lafel i)ti^t aud^ bie SBanbtafel, tDcil

an bcr

SBanb
5)ic

ift.

^artc

l^etfet

aud^ bie SBanbfartc,

SBarum
ffraulein

ficifet fie

fo?

tel^en ie auf!

3d&
taffe:

ftel^e

auf.

3)u

ftef)ft

auf uflD.

el^en ie fc^nelt an bie 2^afel!

^^
aiaffe:

Qt^t fd^netl
gel^ft fd^nelt

an
an

bie
bie

SafeL
Safel uftD.

2)u

9fef)men ie bie ^reibe ober ein tiid ^reibe in

bie

anb!
fd^netl bie

^c^ nel^me
SBie
ift

^reibe in bie anb

bie

treibe?

3^ ft fie h)eife ober fd^toarj?

^it ^reibe
fc^tuara.

ift

toeife,

aber

bie

Sinte (ink)

ift

3ft

bie

Safe!

n^eife?
ift

9iein, bie lafel

nid^t toeife,

fonbem

fc^h)arg.

d^reiben ie an bie Safel bie Xux (door)

^i)
Slaffe! SBeiter

fd^reibe

an

bie

Jafel bie Xnt.

3)u

fd^reibft ufto.

fpttfa^ren!

?efen ie, toa^ an ber lafel

ilBir lefen, h)a^

ftel^t!
ftel^t*

an ber Safel

beginners' GERMAN
gcgcn @ic bic ^rctbc tDicbcr
Qii) lege bic
l^in!

SI

^rcibc tDiebcr ^n.

tiaffc!

bu

Icgft uftD*

Scenbigcn!
cl^en ic in ^l^re Sanf!
^'(^ gel^c in

mcine Sdant

Slaffe:

bu geMt in beinc S3ant,

cr gcl^t in feinc 93anf,
fie gcf)t
.

in

itirc

58anf,

e^ gef)t in fcine 58anf

n)ir gcl^en in unfere S3(infc,

'

if)r gcf)t

in cure 93(infe,

ie

gcl^cn in 3ff)tc SSanfe,

fie gcl^cn

in

if)re SBfinfe^

9((^tung!

cf)cn ie bort bic tange?

!Die

tange
t)icle

ftc^t in eincr (gdfe biefer

I)at bic

tube.

SSic
IJrttuleitt

(gden
fid^!

tube?

e^en ie

9i.!

3f(^ feljc mid).

Sei^rer irab

bu

fefe(ef)t

Wdj,

Piaffe;

cr fe^t

m,

fie feijt ft.^,

i

eg

fefet ft(^,

tt)ir
^"
'

fe^en uttS,
fc^t

il^r
J \

md),
flci^,

r
'

te fe^en

fie fet^en fid).

^enr .!

SBie befinben ie

fid^ l^cute,

gut ober fd^Ied&t?

^^

befinbe mid^ n)ol)l

unb

gut*

52
Slaffc! Sertig

BEGINNERS GERMAN
bu
bcftnbcft bid^ ufm*

5iif)Ien

ic

ftd^ ftarf

obcr fd^n)ac|?

mac^en!
Slaffe! SBeitcr!

Qd)

fiifile

tnid^ ftarf;

bxi fuf)Ift bid^ ftarf uftD.

a6

ift

bic Jlir.
ift

5)ic Jilr

ie^t

p.
te
bie Xixv auf,

^err.!

tcl^en ic auf, unb madden

bic 8uft
ift fd^Icd^t.

bcnn

agen ic
d^iitct:

iebc^mal, tDa^ ic tun!

id^ ftcl^c auf,

td^ gcl^c

an

bie Jiir^

S)ie Siir
id^

ift jefet

ju;

mad^e

fie

auf^

^d^ gel^e

(h)ieber) juriidf in

meine33anf unb fe^e

rnic^*

bu
?5erttg

ftel^ft

auf

ufrt).

madjtnl
^lopfen ie an
bie Jiir!

3d^
Sel^rer:

ffopfe

an

bie Xixv.

ann fage id^: ,,^erein! O! ie finb e^?''

?fef)men ie 3^re geber!

S((^tung!

9Kan

fd&reibt

mit

(ber)

geber unb Jinte.

Setter unb
filaffc:
r

id^

net)me meine S^ber,

bu nintmft beine geber,

nimmt feine i^^ber, nimmt il^re geber, I e^ nimmt feine geber; n)ir nel^men unfere gebem ufn) S&o l^aben n)ir nimm gef)abt?
er
j

fie

beginners' GERMAN
Secret:

S3

pred^en ie eutfd&?
id^ fpred^c

ttaffc unb Secret:

eutfd^, eutfc^,

bu

fpric^ft

er fprid^t J)cutf(^ ufm.

Note the change

singular present.

of root-vowel c into

(ic)

in the second

and

third

rctt

Sonjugic* ie:

i^ gebc il^m mein Sdu^, bu

t^^ lefe
id^ fcl^c

gibft
licft
.
.

meine

efc^i(^te,
iBilb,

bu

mein

bu

ficl^ft

ie miiffen

alle^ miinblid^

unb

fd^rtftlid^

madden!

(tnunb3tt)an3igfte 2lufgabe
Stufgc^jafet!

a^
S)a^
(g^

ift ift

bcr Xtfd^.
ein Sifd^.
Sifd^^

ift

mein

3ft e^ ein d^ranf ?

9?ein, e^
ift

fein

d^ranf, fonbem ein 2ifd^

be^ Jifd^e^?
edEig?
ift edfig.

9Bie

ift

bie

gorm

3ft
S)ie

er

runb ober

gotm
fifee filje

be^ Jifd^e^

Q^
SBo
ie

an bem Sifd^ unb auf bem tul^L

id^?

fi^en

an bem Sifd^ unb auf bem tul^L

id^

SBol^in fe^e

mid^ {e^t?

ie fe^en

fid^

ie^t

an ben Jifd^ unb auf ben tul^I*

Sluf^jaffen!

S)a^

ift ift

ber Sleiftift!
bie

aSa^

garbe meine^

S3Ieiftift^?

run,
2Bo

blau, rot, gelb?

njeife,

d^tDarg,
liegt

braun ober gran?

SBIeiftift?

mein

54

beginners' GERMAN

3^r
ic
^\t

SBIeiftift liegt
id^

auf bent Xi\d).

SBIciftift?

SBofiin lege
Icgen

meincn

^^vm

53Ieiftift

auf ben

Xi\(S).

biefer S3leiftift

meincr obcr bcr fcine obcr bcr

!5)iefer SBIeiftift ift

bcr meine

unb

nid^t ^Iircr*

NOTE

What

is

the difference between the possessive adjectives

and the possessive pronouns?

5Paffen

ie cr Xi\^
!Dcr 3:ifd^

ift f)od^, ift

aber ber tuf)I

ift

nicbrig.
ift

^wf*

nal^c bei

mir, aber bcr d^ranf

fern (meit ah) t)on mir^

^ft ber

d^tiiffel
f)ier

im d^ranf

el^en ie
9Kit

ben SBifd^er unb bort btn ^orb?

bem

SBifd^er tdi\d)tn h)ir bie 3:afel ab.

@in

fold^er

^orb
fiir

fieifet

aud^ ein *iPapierforb,

ift

tDcil

e^

ein

^orb

ba^ papier
fd^hjcren

etnem

Sragen ie ben
id^

^orb bor ben d&ranf

rfjiilet:

Center unb
Slaffe:

trage ben

bu
cr

trSgft ben
(fie,

e^)

^orb t)or ben d^ranf, ^orb t)or ben d^ranf, triigt ben ^orb tior ben d^ranf;
^orbe bor ^orbe
bie d^rcinfe,

n)ir
il^r

tragen bie ^orbe Dor bie durante,

tragt bie

ie tragen
fie

bie

t)or bie

d^rcinfc^

tragen bie ^orbe

ber

t)or bie

d^ranfe^

aSotft^t!

SBo
S)er

ftef)t

^orb

iefet?

^orb ftef)t {eljt t)or bent d^rant fatten ie btn ^orb Jointer ben tuf)!! 3fd^ i^alte ben ^orb f)inter btn tuf)L

'

BEGINNERS GERMAN
aSettetr
|t?ff<^J

55

bu
cr

f)Slt\t
(ftc,

ben ^orb I)mter ben tul^l,

e^) l^alt ben

orb

Winter
bie

bm tul&I;

? maS'
*

tDtr fatten bie

orbe Winter

^mu

uftD.

P
3ltte, tueiter!

torb je^t? ber ^orb l^tnter bem tnf)L 3efet ift el^en te tDteber auf ^i)xtn ^la^!
SBo
ift

ber

Q^
[
\

Qttjt iDieber

anf meinen ^Ia^

*ipiafe,

bu

gel^ft n)ieber auf belnen

er gel^t tt)ieber auf feinen ^lai},

fie gelit

tDieber auf if)ren "ipia^,

e^ gefit toieber auf feinen ^la^;

n)ir gel^en tDieber

auf unfere ^la^e uftu^

e^en ie
S'd^ fe^e

fid^

auf 3f)ren ^la^!

mid^ auf meinen ^la^,

auf beinen ^lafe uftD*
j^q^j.

Slaffe!
Sfertig

bu

fei5(ef)t bid^

tnae^en!

Which two verbal forms may be used

Observe the change of root-vowel a into
singular present.
ft

as imperatives?
in the second

and third

Sonjugics ten ie:

'

id^ h)afd^e

mir ba^ aax

ba^ aar,
ba^ ^aar, ba^ ^aar;
bie

(bie

^aare),

bu

rt)afd^(ef)t bir
fid^

ba^ aar,

er tDafd^t

fie iDcifd^t fid^

.

e^ tDafd^t

fid^

tdix tDafd^en
il^r

un^

aare (ba^ aar),

^aare,

tDafd^t eud^ bie

^aare,

ie
fie

iDafd^en

fid^ bie

tDafd^en fid^ bie

^aare*

^ottiugieren ie in berfelben SBeife miinblid^

id^ n)afd^e id^ fd^lafe

unb

fd^riftlid^:

mir ben ^opf uftt). gut in meinem Sett

ufiD*

56

beginners' GERMAN
@rgaf)Icn

tc

erft,

unb bann

fd^rcibcn ic,

tioa^

ie

am Jage
ftef)en

tun!
auf, tDafc^en
btc

SBann

@te

te

[td^, effen

le,

gel^en

ie in

d^ulc,

fomtnen ie nad^
gel^en

^aufe, arbeiten unb fpielen ie,

ie ju

Sett?

SBann

gefien

ie in

bie

^ird^e?

2Ba^ tun ie,

^d^
ftel^e

um

ba^ papier aufjul^eben?

auf, id^ trete

au^ ber S8anf,

mid^,
id^ f)ebe

id^

berlaffe

meinen
auf,

^lafe, id^
rid^te

bMt

ba^ papier
auf meinen

^d)

mid^ auf,

id^
id^

gel^e

*ipia^, id^ trete

in bie S3anf,

fe^e mid^.

Soniugteren ie bie^ gu gnbe miinblid^ unb

fd^riftlid^!

NOTE

What

is

the only true reflexive pronoun?

is it

With what person

Is it declinable?

used?

Are t^ and ba^ variable as indefinite subjects? Can you now decline the personal pronouns?
Singular
ist

Person

2d Person

MASCULINE

3d Person FEMININE
fie

NEUTEI
e^
feiner

Norn,

id)

bu
beiner
bir
bid^

er
feiner

Gen.
Dat.

meiner

il^rer

mir
mid^

if)m
it)n

i^r
fie

ii^m

Ace,

e^

Plural

Nom.
Gen.
Dat.

tDtr

if)r

(ie)

fie

unfer

euer (3f)ren)
eud& (3f)nen)

il)rer

un^ un^

i^nen
fie

Ace.

cud^ (ie)

BEGINNERS GERMAN

57

gtt)etunb3ir)an3igfte 2lufgabc

inb

altc

ba ober

fef)It

iemanb?
l^ei^t:

Slber tDcr
iiberfefeen

iDeife, tDie

auf engli[d^

3Sa^

fctilt

3f^txcn?

ic

biefe i^vaQt in^ (Sngtifd^Cv

Uttfcr

S^ulsimmcr
ftc^

Unfcr d^uljtmmer beftnbet

Diet
t[t

im

d^ull^au^*

(^

l^at

SSanbe, einen gufeboben unb eine

3)e(fe

S)er gufeboben

unter un^, btc

ede

iiber

un^,

2ln htn

SBanben befinben
ln ben

ftd^

btc SEafeIn, bie be^f)alb aud^ iffiatibtafeln fieifecn,

SBanbeti l^angcn aud^ 93ilber

be^ Sef)rer^
fter,

25or ber ^Ia[[e

l^at eine

ftel^t

ha^ ^ult
fiinf

a6 d^uljimmer
fiil^rt

Siir nnb

gen^
ift

2ln ber linfen @ette ftnb bie genfter,

S)ie Xixx

an ber
gid^t

rec^ten

bie Xixv.

anf ben ang.

nid^t

a^

fommt
fef)en

in

ha^ Simmtv Don linf^, ^immel nnb bie SBoIfen

Don

red^t^*

9Bir

ben

bnrd^ bie genfter.

Unfer d^nljim^

mer

ift

bieredig^

SBa^

fiir

ad^en ober egenftctnbe

meld^en

fel^en

toir

in

unferm d^nlgimmer?
3^ifd^en

3^^^^^
ift

ift

^^\^^

d^nt==

jimmer?
5yieben ttield^em

^i^ttter

nnfer d^nljimmer?

3ft

bie
ift

J)ede oben ober nnten?

ber

SBo

gupoben?

SBarum

finb bie genfter anf ber linfen eite ber

d^nlftnbe?
$D?an fann beffer lefen, tDenn ba^ Sid^t t)on linf^

fomntt*
(g^
ift

beffer fiir bie Slngen*

58
2Ba^
SaSic

beginners' GERMAN
fel^en h)ir

burd^ bie gcnftcr?

\tatt

fonnen
fiir

tt)ir

unfer
tft

S^utsimmcr fagcn?
d^ulgimmcr?
bcr d^ule

SBa^
(Sin

ein

3tTnmer
ift

ein

d^uljimmer
d^liler.

ein

^i^tncr in

fiir bie

ef)en ie {e^t in bie d^nle?

3^an)of)I, id^ gel^e je^t in bie

d^nle*

2Ba^
2Sa^
S33a^

fiir

ein 53oben
ift

ift

ein

gnpoben?

Sin gnpoben
fiir

ber Sgoben nnter ben giifeen*

ift ift

ein

^orb

ber ^apierforb?

fiir

ein

Xu^

ba^ Safd^entnd^?

giir bie {Q^vc) 9Zafe fiaben

ie

ein Jafd^entud^ in

ber Safd^e,

2Ba6
!J)ie

fiir

eine Xafel
ift

ift

bie

SBanbtafel?

SBanbtafel
fiir

eine Jafel
ift

an ber SBanb.

SBa^

eine

U^r

bie

9Banbnf)r?

aSo

ift

bie tlaffennf)r?

9Ba^ SBa^

fiir
fiir

ein SSef)

ift ift

ha^ ^opfh)ef)? ^atinlDe^? ba^ Silberbnd^?

ein

nd^

@^
!I)ie

ift

ein iBnd^

mit S3ilbem,
ift

2Ba^ 2Ba6

fiir

eine 3^it

bie

ontmerjeit?

ommerjeit
fiir

ift

bie
ift

3^it be^ omnter^^

eine 3^tt

bie SBinterjeit? ^erbftjeit?

grii^Iing^Seit?

2Bo

l^aben h)ir Sutttmerseit gef)abt?

fiir

SBa^ SBa^

ein

dimmer
ift

ift

ein

Sabejimmer?
33aben*

Sin S3abejimmer
fiir

ein

^i^^^^ i^^
ein

ein

dimmer
3itnmer
jefet?

ift

SBol^ngimmer?

(ie tDol^nen in 3^l^rem ^anfeO

aSa^
iffio

fiir

ein

ift

benn ein d^iimmtx?

finb

ie
iefet

3d^ bin

in

meinem d^ulsimmer^

beginners' GERMAN
fiDitjugie^

59
uftt).

S)u

bift jefet

in beinem d&ulsttnmcr
bie

ten Sic ba^ e^eti ie

SSefd^reibung

unfere^

d^uljim^

ie

bic

Srft munblid^, bann

33ef($reiben

fd^riftlid^!

fion|uga:=
^^"*

ie

'^iix

d^uljimrtter, ober gebcn

ic

un^

eine Sefd^reibung

bon S^retn c^uljimmer;

t)on

3f)tem 2Bof)njimmer;

bon 3f)rem (gfejimmcr; bon

9JaturIi(j^

-3i^t:em

58abegimmcr!

immer

miinblic^

unb

[(^riftlid^!

NOTE

What can you

E.g.

say of compound nouns?

Which

factor

(component) determines their gender and

their declension?

Which component has the accent? How does the first component affect the meaning compound noun?

of the

When

do the prepositions
an, auf, l^intcr,
tiebeti, in,

uber, untcr, t>ox unb smif^en

take the Dative?

Do you ask where or whereto? do these prepositions take the Accusative? SBie fragen ie: SBo ober tt)ot)in? Illustrate.
When
From now on encourage
the students to ask questions on
their

the reading texts, so as to stimulate their natural interest

and curiosity and to develop

power

of expression.

6o

beginners' GERMAN

Dreiunb3rr)an3tgfte

2lufgabe

ijortfc^ung t)on Unfcr Sc^ulsimmcr"

3n

unfcrcr Piaffe finb

iefet

nod^ 16 driller, b. !)
h.

^naben
unb

obcr S'ungen, unb

28 d^ulerinnen,
2Bir
flatten

^.

Syjabd^en, alfo ju^

famnten 44 driller.
d^iilcrinnen,

guerft

49

d^iiler
gtDci

SBir

[tfecn
t)iele

anf 33anfen, metften^

auf einer
ift

S3anf
offen,

2Bir i)abm
todl
tDir

33ud^er t)or un^, aber fein S3u(^

ftnb.

ganj

aufmerffam
je^t SDeutfc^,

S)ie

Sel^rerin

ober

einc Sefirerin lel^rt

un^

SBir d^iilcr unb

c^ii^^

lerinnen lernen ie^t J)eut[d^ in ber d^ule*

l^atten
tt)ir

SSor itod ^af)vtn

berftel^en,
ift*

nod^ fein S)eutfd^

SBir lernen eutfd^

fpred^en, fd^reiben

unb aud^
gal^Ien,

lefen, tioa^ bie

^auptfad^e

2Bir

fonnen aud^ beutfd^

gelDol^nlid^

red^nen

unb

fingen*

SBir fd^reiben

mit

iBIeiftift,

aber

mand^mal aud^ mit geber unb

linte*
frei^

2lm onnabenb unb

onntag

l^aben

tt)iv

immer
in

agen ie,
3^f)rer

t^ie biele driller

unb d^iilerinnen

eignen Piaffe finb!

einen beutfd^en Sel^rer ober eine beutfd^e

^aben ie
28ann

?el^rerin?
l^atten

ie nod^

fein S)eutfc^?

S?or einem -3af)re

Sci^rcr

l^atte id^

nod^ fein eutfd^* nod^ fein S)eutfd^,

unb

S)u
^r

l^attcft t)or
(fie,

einem

S'cifire

Piaffe:

e^)

f)atte

bor einem S'al^re nod^ fein

S)eutf(^;
tt)iv

^atitn t)or einem ^al^re nod^ fein S)eutfd^,

ii)v

^atUt dor einem ^al^re nod^ fein 3)eutfd^,

l^atten t)or

ie

einem Qai)xt nod^

fein eutfd^,

fie flatten

dor einem ^ctfire nod^ fein S)eutfd^,

beginners' GERMAN
^oniuqit'
ren Sic

6l
uftD/,

3^ Icrntc

t)or

einem 3a()xc nod^ fcin cutfc^

bet

[^ ^attc mein Sud^

id^ tnac^te bic erftc

mir,

Slufgabe,

bu mad^teft

bie gtueitc Slufgabc uftD*

Conjugate

similarly in full sentences:

leJ^rctX;

legen, ftellcn, setgen,

fagcn,

gcil^Icn,

rcd^ncn,

offnen*

NOTE What
SBa^ aSa^ 9Ba^ aSa^
9Bic

are the endings in the preterit?

ltt)xt

Icf)rt
Ie]f)rt

te bcr ie bcr ie ber ie bcr

d^iilcr

englifd^e Sef)rer?

franjofifd^e ?ef)rer?
gried^tfd^e ?ef)rcr?

Ict)rt
t)iclc

latcinifd^c !2cf)rcr?

unb d^iilcrinncn

finb

in

S^rcr

cngltfd^cn

SIa[fc? ufm.

9n 3n 3n 3n

3)cutfd^Ianb tDol^ncn cutfd^c, bic 3)cutfd^ fprcd^cn*

(Snglanb

tDol^ncti Snglcinbcr, bic Snglifd^ fprcd^cn*

granfrctc^ n)of)ncn gransofcn, bic grangofifd^ fprcd^cn*

Slmcrifa ti3o{)ncn Slmcrifancr, bic

fprcd^cn.

Change the
E.g:

last four sentences into the singular!

3n Scutfd^Ianb tt)o^nt bcr cutfd^c, bcr cutfc^ fprid^t ufm* What is the force of the adjective-ending -ifd^?

62

beginners' GERMAN

Pierunb3tt)an3tgfte

2lufgabe

Unfcr Sc^ut^au^

Unfer ^laffenjimmer
]()an^ l^at t)iele

liegt in

bem

d^ulfiau^^
tt)ix

Unfcr (|nl^

d^uljtmmer,
fomnten
iDtr

SSenn
auf ben

au^ nnferem d^n(=

ober ginr*

dimmer

gef)en,

ang

Unfer

@ang

ift

lang nnb breit, nid^t hirj unb fd^maL

cS^oIf (^ul=

jimmer
fienug
fiinf

Itegen

an unferem ange.
d^ulftnben.

2lud^ iiber
biefe

unb unter un^

tDtr

liegen nod^

t)tele

Ol^ne

l^atten

ntd^t

^ta^

filr

unfere d^ulfinber*

Unfer d^ull^au^ ^at

tDir burc^ bie

todiDerfe ober efd^offe*

SBenn

^au^tiir

in ba^ d^ulf)an^ treten, fo

SBenn

tDir eine 2:reppe f)od^

fommen tvix in ba^ grbgefd^ofe. fteigen, fo fommen n)ir in ben erften

f)od^,

tod.

2Bir finb

glDei
l^at

3:reppen

alfo int jmeiten todf.

3ebe6 todflDerf
fiil^rt

mef)rere ^laffenjimnxer.

Sine Sreppe

Don einem efd^ofe in ba^ anbere. 3:ief unten ift ber teller ntit ^of)Ien, ^ols unb anberen ad^en. oc^ oben ift
ber 93oben, ilber

bem

ftd^

ba^ S)ad^ befinbet.

!Da^ S)ad^

ift

ber oberfte Seil be^ $>aufe^.

@^

f)at eine

braune garbe

Sefd^reiben ie

S^r d^ulf)au^!
l^at

2Bie Diele d^ulaintmer SBie

t)iele

e^?

todfn)erfe?

SBelc^e

garbe?

3eigen ie mir ben ang!

dottier:
Id^ aeige ^i^tien

(bir)

ben ang.

3^d& geigte

hen

ang.
Setter:
ataffe:

bu

jeigteft

mir ben ang,

ang,

er geigte if)m ben

fie seigte il^r

ben ang;

n)ir jeigten eud^ bie cinge,


beginners' GERMAN
xtjx

63

gcigtct

un6

bic

&nQt,

ftc

gcigtcn tfincn bic ftnflc*

bicfc (i^e, tnilnblt(3^

SBemanbeln tc
Ii(^,

unb

fc^rtft^

in ben plural bc6 3'tnperfe!tg (preterit)

l^at

3ebe^ todfmcrf
Sine SJreppe
anberen*

mel^rere ^laffengimmcr*

fiil^rt

bon eincnt efd^ofe nad^ bcm

2Ba^ milffen ic tun,

bent

um
auf,

biefcn S3rief fiir mici^

^erm

ircftor
ftel^c

(Principal)

ju

iibcr=^

bringcn?
id^ t)erlaffe td^ gel^e
td&

^d^

meinen ^la^,
Sef)rcrt3ult,

an ba6 an

nef)me ben 53rief,

bie 2ilr,

id) gel^e id^

offne bie

Xuv,

td^ fd^Iiege fie, id^ gel^e

burd^ ben

ang

be6 oBeren glurS,

id^ gel^e bie

id^

Sreppe

f)inunter,

tDenbe mid^ nad^ red^t6,

id^ bleibe t)or

id^

htm ireftorjimmer

ftel^en,

Hopfe an*

@in.d^uler h)irb
S)ircltor:

gum

ircftor emannt:

herein!

(B^nUn
ircltot:
Sc^iiler:

uten Sag, err

a3Ba6 n)oIIen

J)ireftor!

ie?
33ergeil^ung.

3d&

bitte

um

3d& bringe ^l^nen

2)trcItDr:

biefen Srief t)on

ift

^erm 3*

3n
Sr

tt)el(^er

Piaffe

^err X.

jefet?

S^iiler:
2)ircltot:

ift

in feinem 3ii^^^^*

riifeen

ie

il^n

Don mir!

64
d^iiter:

beginners' GERMAN
3?^ banfe
fefir,

Slbicu,

^err ircftor!

Describe similarly the pupil's return to class

with

final

dialogue between the teacher

and the

pupil,

NOTE
Which case do the following
prepositions

always take:

gegen, urn?

Form
E.g.

sentences for each preposition to illustrate

its use.

3d^

{)olte

mein

33ud^

fiir

i^n;

h)ir f)oIten unfere 33uci)er fiir fie.

SBenn
l^olt er

vi) tf)n fd^ide

(fcnbe),

um

mir mein

33u(^ ju bringen,

bann

tnein 93u(^.
f)aben tDir jpfien

SBo

getemt?
fd^riftlid^:

Sottiugtercn ic munblic^ unb

id^ f)abe

ba^ SBort Qclemt, ba^ SBort Qclemt,

e^)
):jai

bu
er

t)aft (fie,

ha^ SBort gelemt;

ttjir

{)aben bie SBorter

gelemt ufm

td^ l^atte

ba^ SBort gelemt, ba^ 9Bort gelemt,

bu
er

{)atteft
(fie,

e^) f)atte ba^

SBort gelemt

ufto.

beginners' GERMAN

65

5unfunb3tt)an3igfte 2tufgabe
Uttferc

S^ulc
l^eifet

Unfere d^ule Itcgt an ber ^auptftrafee unb

Washing16

ton High School.

nannt*

@te

ift

nad^

bem

SSater unfere^ ?anbe^ he^

ftc

te
ftef)t

ift

im

^at}xt
f)at

1895

erbaut, fo bafe

alfo fd^on

^a^re

ie

jefet

29 Ia[[en unb

sa^It ettca

1050

d^iiler

nnb

d^iilerinnen*

Sin U)v untcrrtd^ten aufeer bcni

ircftor nod^ 18 Sel^rer unb

gegen 100 gufe lang*
9tafenpla^*

24

8ef)rerinnen^
ift

S)ie

d^ule

ift

SSor ber d^ule

cin fd^oner grilner

glDei

Winter ber d^ule befinben

fid^

d^ull^ofe

ober pielplci^e*
bie

er

eine

ift filr

bie 9K(ibd^en, ber anbere fiir

^naben*

Sinige 33aume unb ^flanjen, bie SBIumen tragen,

gieren ben ^of*

58efd^reiben

ie

S^ftc d^ule!

SBo

liegt 3f)re
ift

(^ule?
Sitter ^firer

2Sa^

ber

5ame unb ba^

bie d^iiler=

d^ule?

2Sie ftarf
aSie lang

ift
ift

unb

bie 8e]^rerjaf)l?

^lire d^ule?
fid^

SBa^

befinbet

urn

3^f)re

d^ule?

2Bo

l^aben toiv

JBaum gelemt?
ift

Unfere d&ule
tote t)iele

nid^t flein^

ie

ift

nid^t fo gtof;

anbere d^ulen*
ift tdofjl

Unfere d^ule
fie
ift

Reiner al^ ntand^e d^ulen;

bie

aber

nid^t

Heinfte

d^ule in ber

tabt

NOTE

How
lish?

are the comparative

in

and superlative formed

in

Eng-

And how

German?

Illustrate the

comparison by using in sentences:

66
tDantt

beginners' GERMAN
reid^

Won
liafelid^

Mt
fleifeig

arm
lang
furs

aufmcrffam

faul

unaufmertfam

3.S.
3)ic Jafic
J)ic

im 9Wai

finb oft

toarm*

Jagc im 3uni finb n^firmcr. ic lage im 3uli finb bic hjSrmften.

)ber:
35ic

Same mar

fo teic^ gefkibct

tt)ie t)ielc

amen

3cnc S)ame mar

rcic^er al^ biefe gefleibet^

rcic^ftcn gefleibet.

3ene
Is there

Same mar am
difference

any

between the adjective and the ad-

verb in the positive and comparative degrees?

What is When is
E.g.

the difference in the superlative?

mic used, and where

is ali^

used?

@r
(Sr

i)l
ift

fo groff hitc

id^;

abcr

grower

aU

id^

Give further examples.

5ed?sunb3tt)an3tgfte 2lufgabe

SBer l^ungrig
233er burftig
ift,

ift,

alfo

hunger

f)at,

ifet,

@^

f)ungert i^n

alfo

urft

^at, trinft.

(S^ bilrftet i^n.

2Bir

cffen bie

uppe mit

eitiem SoffeL

a^
bcr

gleifc^ jerfc^neibet

abeL

en

^affee trinft

trinft eine Saffe ^affee.

man mit bem 9Wcffer unb i^t e^ mit man au^ einer 3:affe, b. ^. man a^ SBaffer unb bte 2)?il($ trinfen mir
9WiId^.

au^ einem Iafe,

b,

f).

mir trinfen ein ta^ SBaffer ober

beginners' GERMAN
!Da6
2:i[d^
Zi\(i).

67 unb
bccft

!5)tcnftTn(ibd&en

fommt au^
!Dann

bcr ^ild^c
ftelft

ben

mit einem

Jifd^tud^*

c^ bie 2:el{er auf

bm

^a^ bem

@[fen bleibt

man

bci gcnxiltlid^er Untcrfial^

tung nod^ ettDa^ ft^en^

Ser eutfd^e fagt: ^^nngcr SBarum fagt er ba^?

SBomit
SBorauf
e[[en tr)ir?

ift

ber bcftc ^od^"

9Borau^ trtnfen mir?

ftellt

ba^

mnWn bie Jelter?

bem

tellen ie gragen iiber bie egenftcinbe auf

mm
ift

d^reiben ie baruber!

28a6
fer

ber Unterfd^ieb gtt)ifd^en einem

Ia^

SBaf:=

nnb einem SBaffergla^?

ift ift

(gin

Ia^ SBaffer

ein

ein aSaffergla^

ein

M &M

\)oU SBaffer, aber

filr

SBaffer

(jum

SBaffertrinfen)^

2Ba^

ift

ber Unterfd^ieb jlDifd^en:

Ia^ mil6^ nnb ^milc^gla^?

Jaffe taffee unb ^affeetaffe?
goffel

uppe unb uppenloffel?

gem,

Soniugte*
ten ie:

Id^ effe gleifd^

i)^ i^t gleifc^

gem

ufrt).

Substitute pronouns for nouns in the following sentences.

E.g.
9Bir effen bie

uppe mit einem

bamit*

85ffel,

becomes:

SBir effen

fie

SOtan gerfd^neibet ba^ gleifd^ Wflan

ifet

mit bem

ba^ gleifd^ mit ber abel,

^an

trinft ben Saffee

ii)n

au6 einer

5D?effer, becomes what? becomes what? Jaffe, becomes:

2)?an trinft

barau^.

68
2Ba
toirb au^:

beginners' GERMAN

2Bir trinten ba6 SBaffer au6 cincm lafc?

SBir trinfen bie

2)?i(d&

au6 eitiem (afe?

ben
2:if(^

S)a^ ienftmab(i^en S)a^ S)tenftinab(i^cn

becft

mit

eincrtt

Xn6)?

ftetlt bie 2^elter

auf ben Xi\i),

barauf*

becomes:

@^

ober

fie

ftettt

fie

NOTE
Are the
indefinite

pronouns man,

eth)a^, nid^t^, ein

paar in-

declinable?

Of what gender are infinitives used as nouns? What is the agreement of personal pronouns person with nouns to which they refer?

in the third

When
h)0+)?

are the so-called adverbial compounds used (ba +/

Do Do

they refer to things or to persons?

these

compound

expressions exist in English?

Illustrate.

Semen ie ^^, n)a^ gar tft au^menbig: ^^nf, m^ ttav

prid^, toa^

(gefod^t),
ift,

tt)ai)v ift!

Don gar, Har,

tt)af)x?

SBa^

finb bie egenteile

cSur 2Beif)na(^t^jeit unb befonber^

am

2Bei{)nac^t^^

abenb

fingen

bie

eutfd^en ein fd^one^ ?ieb*

bie erfte trop{)e

^d^ mxht Qi)mn nur

geben.

babon

9Wan

fie^t e^ oft

aU

SSoIf^Iieb an:

tine ^ac^t,
Silted fd^Iaft,

^eilige ?Ja($t!

einfam

tt)aii)t

9lur ba^ traute,

l^od^fieilige

^aar

^olber ^nabe im lodfigen ^aar,

d^Iaf in f)immlifd^er
dlui),

d^Iaf in f)immlifd^er dtui)l

beginners' GERMAN

69

SBtr iDoHen ba^ Sieb au^tDenbig Icmen unb aud)

ftngen!

tiberfe^en

ie ba6

8ieb!

NOTE
bcr ^nabe
t)oIber

bie
ftiltc

^Jad^t
5>ta(^t

ba^ aar
lodtQej^

Snabe

aar

bic
{)imTnlifc^c

9tul)e

$Kut)e

How
What

is

an adjective declined when

it

takes the place of

the definite article?

are the various endings for the singular
full.
is

and plural?

Decline the above in

This adjective declension

called the strong declension.

Why?

5iebenunb3tDan3tgfte ^lufgabe
3c^
iDcrbe 3f)nen eine efd^ic^te erjaf)Ien

mit bem

Xittl:

jpta^rcgctt

^n
S)er

ber d^ulftube toav e^ in ber le^tett

faf)

tunbe

fef)r

bunfeL

^immel

burc^ bie genfter

tx)ie

eine fd^tnarggrane

SBanb.

^anm

tDaren tdiv au^ ber d^ule, fo liefen tDvc anf bie trafee,
l^ef)rer

benn nnfer

f)atte

gefagt:

5D?a(^t,

bafe

tf)r

nad^ ^anfe

fommt!"
t(^

Stber ba mitten

tm ?anfen
nnr

iiber

ben Tlaxtt befam

jn)ei btcJe

9Jegentropfen gerabe auf bie 9^afe!

2lber ha^ tDaren

3d^ mnfete

lant lac^en,

bie erften S^ropfen getDefen.

^lo^Iic^

fiel

eine 99?enge, alte grofe

nnb

bidf

nnb Warm

iiber

meinen ^opf, meine lmte, meine ^leiber* Stite Seute began^ nen jn laufen, unb id^ lief mit* er Stegen fam in tromen,

70
unb
lid^ id^ fal^

beginners' GERMAN
fcincn ^lalj,
l^ellcr,
tt)o id)

mid^ unterftelfen fonnte^

^16^-

fatn ein

gelber onncnftraf)! jtDifd^en ben [c^tDarjen

SBoIfen

l^ert)or,

fd^aute liber bie naffe trafee

unb

lad^te bie

naffen ?eute au^

iac3lfc grapan.

^taqtn
!J)unfeIte
l^ell?

e^ in bent d^uljinimer, ober

n)ar

e^

SBie

\df)

ber ^intmel
bie

au^?

ingen
SBarunx

^inber langfanx au^ ber d^ule, ober

fie

rannten

auf bie trafee?

lief en fie?

SBa^

fiir

3tegentropfen befant ber c^iiler anf bie

5afe?
Sffiar

ber $Regen fd^trad^ ober ftarf ?

SBie ftarf

S33o iDurbe ber driller

benn na^?

SBa^ fam aber auf einntal au^ htn SBoIfen? Unb ma^ gefd^al^ bann?
SBar
bie trafee nafe ober trodfen?

SBieberl^oIen

ie

bie efd^id^te miinblid^!

9Kad^en ie {e^t ^^vt Sild^er auf, unb lefen ie

bie efd^id^te!

Piaffe:

SBir madden unfere SBild^er auf unb lefen bie e==

fd^id^te.

d^reiben ie nun

bie Srjal^Iung

an

bie 2:afel!

SSerbeffem ie ba^ Slngefd^riebene!

3fe^t toerbe
id^

(Slu^loifd^en!)

S'l^nen bie ganje efd^id^te biftieren!

NOTE

Do you

Change the tenses throughout the story into the see any difference between the preterits?

present.

BEGINNERS' GERMAN
c6

wax
fiattc

cr

fal^

ic^

licf

i^ tarn

and
c^

er lemtc

i^

gcifltc

x^ lad^te?

Do the latter have And the former?

^i) fa^
id^

a tense-ending?

is

said to be a ^/r(?wg verb,

lerntc is said to

be a weak verb.

Why?

Are

the so-called regular verbs

weak?
ix

And
into

the so-called irregular verbs strong?

Are the verbs that modify the stem-vowel a into

i(tc)

and

in the second

and

third singular present, strong or

weak verbs? Is there any

similarity

between English and German as to

the conjugation of verbs?

We
id)

conjugate:
h^ir
ii)x

tvat in mcincr c^ule,

njaren in unfcrcn c^ulen,

bu marft in bciner d^nle,

f

mart

in euren c^ulen,

ic njaren in 3I)ren c^nlen,

toavcn in
if)ren

cr njar in feincr d^ulc,

fie ttjar

in if)rer c^ulc,
in feiner d^nlc,

ftc

d^ulcn*

I i

e^

mar

Conjugate

all

the other strong verbs of the story in the

participle

preterit, orally

Do you
the
E.g.

see

and in writing. any difference in the past

between

weak and the strong verbs?

and
gctDcfcn.

S)er ?cf)rcr

fiatte gcfagt;

ba^ tDarcn

bic erften

Jropfcn

prefix, called

Does the past participle with both augment?

classes of verbs

have a

What

is it?

Is it accented?

Is

it

a part of speech?

72

beginners' GERMAN
the pure, coordinating conjunctions:
unb,
after,

Do

fDnbern, obcr, benn

cause any change of word-order in a sentence?

Give

illustrations, orally

and

in writing.

Do How?
E.g.
SBir

the other conjunctions affect the order of words?

liefen

auf bte trafee, benn ber ?ef)rer l^atte e^ gefagt; but

auf bie trage, totxl ber ?et)rer e^ gefagt ^atte*

toxx liefen

2ld?tunb5rt)an3tgfte 2lufgabe

(Review)
eute
tDerbe id^ ^l^nen eine einfa($e efd^ic^te erjal^Ien, bie

ber id^ter oetf)e in etnem giebe beftngt: Sine Heine 9Jofe, etn
9J6^Ietn, ftanb auf ber eibe.

a^

SJo^Iein tuar jung

fal^

unb

fo

fd^on tuie ber frifd^e $D^orgen,

(r tt)ar tuilb,

(gin J?na&e

ha% 9?o6lein.
Sto^-

unb

fo lief er fd^nell,

benn er

tuollte "ta^

lein bred^en*

3)ie Eletne 9?ofe aber tuefirte ftd^

unb

ftad^ il^n.

3)od^ ber tDilbe

^nabe

brad^

ha^ 9io^Iein tro^bent*

Slrnie^

3)a6 ebid^t

f)et6t ^etbcnroj^Ietn.

S)te erfte tropl^e lautet folgenbermafeen:

al^ ein ^nab^ ein SJo^Iein

9to^Iein auf ber ^eiben,

ftel^n,

SBar

fo

jung unb morgenfd^on,

8ief er fd^nell, e6 nal^^ gu fel^n,

al^'^ ntit

t)telen

greuben^

^o^Iein, 9Jo^Iein, $Ro^Iein rot,

SJo^kin auf ber ^eiben*

BEGINNERS GERMAN
!Dic

73

^etbe

l^etfet

auf englifd^ the heath.

9to^Iein
[tel^t

agen @ie: ba^

2Ba^ fonnen te
SBar ha^

auf ber ^eiben?

er Ucf fagen?

ftatt er fall

unb

al^ ber ^nabe ba^ SJo^c^en

gem?

dtMdn

fd^on ober l^afelid^?

e^en te
tige
S3erfte]^en

bie erfte tropfie biefe^ Siebe^ in rid^-

^rofa!

ie nun

bie erfte tropl^e

ganj?

S)ann

h)otten n^ir

fie

fingen!

3)ie sniiette troptie

ift, lt)ie

folgt:

2.

^nabe

fprad^: id) bred^e bid^,

9t6^Iein auf ber ^eiben!

9?o^Iein fprad^:
id^ fted^e bid^,

a^
Unb

bu
id^

etDig benfft

an mid^,

tDiir^ nid^t leiben^

ato^Iein,

dtMein,

dlMdn

rot,

Jto^lein auf ber eiben.

Q:toxq i)d^t: auf

immer*
bu

Seibcn

ift l^ier

ba^felbe h3ie laffen*

bafe

3fft bie^ "iProfa-SBortftellung:

elDig benfft

an mid^?

enft ber ^nabe baran,

mufe?
^onjugieren ie:
id^

bafe

ba^ 3io^Iein fterben

bred^e ba^ 9to^Iein,

brid^ft
(fie,

bu
er

ha^ JKo^Iein, ba^ JRo^Iein;

e^) brid^t

tDir bred^en bie JRo^Iein uftt)^

74
@6cnfo:

beginners' GERMAN

id^ ftcd^c

ben ^naitn.

SSerftc^en

ic

bic jlDcitc tropl^c bc6

cbi(|tc^r

ann
Unb nun fommt
3^

fingen toir ben jtceiten 25er^ babon!

bie britte

unb

le^te tropl^e:

Unb
^^

ber tDiIbe

^nabe

bvai)

dtMdn auf ber ^eiben* dtMdn m^xtt ftd^ unb ftad^,

alf i^m
boii)

Inn

2Bef|

unb

2ld^,

SKufet^ e^ eben leiben^

dlMdn, dtMdn, dtMdn

8?6^lem auf ber ^dhtn.

rot,

aSa^

tat ber

tnabe mit

bent

dtMdn?

Siefe ft(^

ba^

dtMdn
fein

ba^

ruf)ig gef alien?

^alf tf)m aber

^lagen ettDa^?

SSerftel^en

Xat bem ^naben ba6 Sto^Iein nid^t leib? ie jefet bie le^te tropfie?
!Dann tDoHen
n)ir fie aud^ fingen!

aWorgen

ntliffen

ie

bie erfte tropl^e

nxiiffen

au^menbig

h)iffen,

unb iibemiorgen

ie ba^ ganje
an
bie

?ieb au6n)enbig h)iffen

fd^reiben fonnen!

unb

e^ aud^

Jafel

oetl^e, ber grofete S)id^ter !Deutfd&Ianb^

unb
f)at

einer
biefe^

ber beften S)id^ter ber ganjen SBelt,

?ieb ^eibenro^Iein'' gebid^tet,

oetf)e tDurbe

unb

im ^a^vt 1749 in granffurt am 9Wain geboren (gr lebte ift erft im Qai)xe 1832 geftorben*
alfo t)on

1749

bi^

1832 unb tDurbe beina^e 83

3^al^re alt

S'eber S)eutfd^e fennt ha^ ^eiben==

beginners' GERMAN
ro^Iciti."
\)tx\ttt)tn.

75

@^

ift

cinfad^

unb

fcfir

Ici($t

ju

S)cr grofec beutfc^c 3)id^tcr driller

ift setin

Satire

[pater al^ oetl^e geboren, tDdl^renb ber grofee

granjofe, 9^apoIeon
fpciter

I. (ber (grfte), stDanjig

3a{)re

aU

oetf)e jur SBelt fam

SBann
SJBer
i[t

ftnb baf)er driller

unb 9tapoIeon
brei beriil^mten

I*

ge^

boren?
ber
ciltefie

bon ben

9Wan^

nern?
SBer
ift

ber iiingfte?
{linger ober alter

2Bar d^itter

aU

oetl^e?

SBar 9^apoIeon

ebenfo alt tDie driller?

NOTE

Make

list

of all the strong verbs in this lesson.

neununb3ipan3tgfte 2lufgabe
$eute
tDerbe id^ ^i^tien eine turje Slnefbote t)ortragen:

bcltnann unb artner

(gin

Sbelntann befud^te ^(il^renb grower ommerf)i^e feinen

(gr ging

arten*
S3Iunten
flofe*

barin fpajieren unb

befal^ bie t)ielen bliil^enben

unb ha^
fanb er

9Baffer, ba^ burd^ feinen ^arf, feinen 28alb,

hm

ctrtner, n)eld^er feinen

fd^Iafen,

errn

nid^t er^

h)artet l^atte, unter

einem 93aume
,,d^urfe!

cS^rnig ging er

auf

if)n

lo^

unb

rief:

S)u

liegft f)ier, anftatt

gu ar5)er

beiten;

bu berbienft

nid^t, bafe bid^ bie

onne

befd^eint!"

artner anttDortete ru^ig:

l^abe id^

^(i) tDeife ba6,

mein ^err; be^l^alb

mid^ in htn d^atten gelegt*"

76

beginners' GERMAN
SScrftcl^en

te

bte[e Slnefbote?

SBeld^e SBorter finb

Q^ntn unbefannt?
unb
@bcKcutc

S)cutfd^Ianb

f)at
l^ol^er

iBiirger

ic
3^^

Seute don

eburt

f)ei6en (Sbelleute*

Slmerifa gibt e^ feine Sbelleute*

3*>nitg
ruliig.
iieifet

(irgerlid^

unb

ift

ein egentetl

bon

SBo
2Bo

fiaben
l^aben
bie

lt)ir

JRui^ gelernt?

Unb
2Bo

tDo ru^tg?

mir f^tafcn gef)abt?

njctft?

SBo

ottue unb i^
i^ragen

SB lumen?

2Ber befud^tc einmal feinen arten,

b.

1^.

trer ging

einmal in feinen arten?

3Ba^

tat ber

gbelmann?
arten?

SSann ging

er in feinen

SBol^in ging er iDcifirenb grower ommerl^ifee?

2Bie tdav ber arten?

SBa^

befal^ fid^ ber

belmann?

SBen fanb er?

2Bo

tDar ber cirtner?

er auf einer SBiefe
derliefe ber

SBar

(meadow)?

SBarum

gbelmann ha^ au^?

SBarurrt ber cirtner?

9Ber tdav ber err?

SBeffen iener n^ar ber cirtner?

2Bem

gef)orte ber

^arf unb
\ioav

atle^

barin?

2Ba6 fur

ein

arten

e^?
feinen

SBie fprad^ ber

Sbelmann

artner an?

SBol^er toiffen ie, bafe ber

err gornig n)ar?

SBeffen SlnttDort toav ruf)ig?

SBieberl^oIen

ie munblid^

bie

ganje efd^id^te!

beginners' GERMAN
Sefen

77

ie

je^t bte Slnefbote!

d^reiben ie ba6 tiid an bie Xa^dl

SWorgcn tDerben

tDir ein

iftat bariiber l^abcn^

Make
1.

the following changes, both orally and

in writing:

Change the
Substitute
given.

singulars into plurals.

2.

other

prepositions

for

those

3.

4.
5.

Change the tenses given into the present. Change the tenses given into the perfect. Change the tenses given into the pluperfect.

6.
7.

Change the tenses given into the future. Use subordinating conjunctions, thereby
changing the order of words.

NOTE
Declension of the interrogative pronoun.
Nominative
Genitii^e
tticr
tott)^

toeffctt
hJCttl

Dative Accusative

tnett

toa^

How

do you decline the

relative

pronoun

ber, bie,

ia^?

Observe:
f

m. Sin Sbelmann,
/.

beffen cirtncr

fd^Iief,

gtng fpasiercn.

Sing. G.
I

Sine (Sbelfrau, beren artner

fd^Itef,

ging fpa^ieren. gtng fpagieren.

n,

TX graulein,

beffen cirtner
fd^Iiefen,

fd^Iief,

pj

G. Sbelleute, beren cirtner

gingen fpajieren.

D.

(SbeEeute, benen bie

relative

artner

folgten, iDurben

gomig.

The

pronoun

is

never omitte4 in

German,

78

beginners' GERMAN
is

What

the difference in declension between bet,

bte,

ia^

as definite article
Illustrate.

and as

relative (demonstrative)

pronoun?

What
If

are the

two ways
is

of introducing subordinate clauses?

Illustrate.

the conjunction
case

omitted, does the dependent order

remain the same?

What

is

used with the preposition toatitcnh?

WORD FORMATION
5D?an
9c{)t

cincn

@ang.

$01an ftngt einen

@^

flingt tin

9D?an tDtrft cincn SBurf.

9D?an trinft eittcn

Tlan

fprid^t einen

How

are these nouns formed?

Of what gender are they?

Dret^tgfte 2lufgabe
In giving the principal parts
(bie

we must know
Participle.

the:

i.

Present Infinitive,

runbformen) of verbs, 2. Preterit, 3. Past

i.

The weak
3.

(regular) verbs are thus given:

lemen,

2.

lemte,

gelemt.

In giving the principal parts of strong verbs, we have to

distinguish seven classes of verbs, grouped according to their

root-vowel change (called Ablaut).

Give the principal parts of

all

verbs in sentences in the

third singular present, preterit, (future, and) perfect.

E.g.
er finbet ben drtner,
er fanb ben

er Iduft in ben arten, er lief in ben arten, er tDtrb in ben er

ift

artner,

er iDirb ben

artner finben,

arten laufen,

er f)at htn

artner gefunben;

in ben

arten gelaufen.

beginners' GERMAN

79

We

shall classify the strong verbs into

one of the following

seven classes:
CLASS INFINITIVE
1
ci

PRETERIT
i(ie)

PAST PARTICIPLE
i(ie)

2
3

tc
i

u(o)
e

4
5

c
e

a
a

6
7

a
a (and other vowels^
)

u
ie (i)

a a (and other vowels)

:

Examples taken from the preceding lessons

1.

fd^rcibcn,

fd^mciQcn,
fd^cincn,

biciben,
bcifeen,
fitcifen,

pfcifcn,

m.
vo^,

fd^rtcb,

gcfd^ricben,

aebiffcn,

(gcr)fc^neibcn,

fc^nttt,

gefd^nittcn^

2.

ried^en,

friercn,
flicfeen,
.

fd^Iicgen,

fang,

gerod^en,

3.

fingcn,
(Dcr)fd^Iingcn,

finbcn,
trinfcn,

gcfunQcn,

bcQinncn^
4.
fprcd^CTi,

begann,
fprad^,

bcgonncn.
gcfprod^n,

ftcrbcn,

brcd^cn,
l^clfen,

ftcd^cn,


8o
neI)Tnen,

beginners' GERMAN
nai)m,

genontmen,
getDorben.

tDerben,

(marb)
tDurbe,

(And)
5.

ommen,

fam,

gefommen.
gelefen,

lefcn,

M,

gebcn.
treten,
effen,

a6,
to9.
fafe,

gegeffen^

(And) liegen,
fifeen,

gelegen,
gefeffen.

6,

tragcn,
tDafc^en, tDad^fen,

trug,

getragen.

(fort)fa^ren,
7.
I^altcn,

fuf)r (fort),

(fort)gefaf)ren.
gef)alten.

f^tafen,
fatten,
(t)er)Iaffen,

W%
ftng,
f)ie6,
lief,

"

fangen,
fieifeen,

gefangen.
ge{)eifeen,

laufen,

gelaufen.

rufen,
9ct)en,

rtef.

gerufen.

fiing.

gegangen.
first

State with each verb where

i.e.

it

occurred for the

time,

give the sentence, as far as possible.

(a)

Form Form Form

sentences of your

own with

the preterit

for the verbs fd)rcibcn to fd^nciben*

(b)

sentences with the perfect

for the verbs 6Ict6cn to bcgtnttcn*

(c)

sentences in the singular present

for the verbs of classes 4-7.

Give the synopsis of a verb in complete sentences.

beginners' GERMAN
E.g.

8l

Preterit

Perf.

bu Future Perfect Pluperfect Cond.

Present
tt)ir

id) fd^retbe

meine Stufgabe*

f(^rteb[t beine Slufgabe.

er tnirb feine Slufgabe fc^reiben*

I)aben un[ere SlufQaben gefc^rieben^

.

i^r ()attet eure Slufgaben gefc^rieben*

fie

tDiirben if)re Slufgaben gefd^rieben l^aben.

Use as the

future perfect, as

Apply

this

form the perfect conditional, and not the scarcely ever used in common speech. scheme, or any variation of it, orally or in
last
it is

writing, to all the verbs, omitting

f^cittett, flicfecn, ftcrficn*

tnunbbrei^tgfte 2lufgabe
eute totvhm
flcnbcn
toiv eine

neue efd^id^te burd^nel^men, bic

fol-

Xitd

l^at:

^a^

foftfiarc

Stauttcin
ber (Btaht,
betn ^opfe>
lac^te

Stod Sjyjcigbe, 3lnna unb 9Kartl^a, gingen nad) nnb iebe trug einen fc^tDcren itorb boll Obft anf
2lnna murrte unb feufjte beftcinbig,
fd^erjte,
tft

Waxti)a aber

unb

lnna fagte:

,,SBie

magft bu nur lad^en?

Sein

.$?orb

ia fo fd^mer tnie ber meinige,

fiaft rec^t,

unb bu

bift nid^t ftcirfer al^ id)."

i[t

W:axti)a \pxad): ,,u

mein ^orb

fo f(^tt)er iDte ber

beinige, aber id^ l^abe etn geiDiffe^

balder
fill^Ie id^ fie

^rautlein gur SSixrbe gelegt,

Slnna, ba^ mufe ein foft-

faum,"
fein,

^i"

rief

bare^ ^rciutlein
antn)ortete:
ntad^t,
l^etfet

ag mir

bod^, h)te e^

^d^t"

Wflavti)a
letd^ter

a^

ebulb."

foftbare ^rciutletn,

ba^ aCe gaften

2)?erfe btr, Slnna,

unb

benfe baran:

?eid^ter tragi, toa^ er aud^ trcigt,

SBer ebulb sur iBiirbe

legt''

82

beginners' GERMAN
SScrftcficn

ic

bicfc Slncfbotc?
ftatt ^totx StRagbe
tjoll

SBa^ fonncn ie

fagcn?

2Ba^ fur ein torb ift citi Rovb SBa^ ift abcr cin Obftforb?
Obft
ift

Obft?

ba^felbc tok grilci^te.

griid^tc finb Spfcl,

58irnen,

^flaumcn ufm*
J^^^tc meiftcn^ immcr*
obcr fauer?

SBo

tiabcn n)ir fjriic^te guerft gebabt?

rcifc
fiife

@inb

JBeftanbig

f)eifet

2Bic iiberfe^en ie

tiur, ja, boci^?

fjragen

2Bie

l^cifet

bie

neuc cfd^id^tc?
. .

S)ic neuc efc^id^tc l^ei^t

2Ba^

ift

ber Xitel bcr neuen efd^id^te?

S[Bot)on f)oren n)ir in ber

neuen efd^ic^te?

SBeld^e neue efd^id^te lefen tDir jefet?

SBol^in finb bie TlaQht gegangen?

ie

finb in

tabt

gegangen.
ober leid^t?
ober
tt)av

SBie tdav ber ^orb,

fc^tt)er

SBaren

bie

^orbe

gleid^ fd^lrer,

ein

^orb

fc^tDerer?

SBar lnna^ ^orb

SBie benal^m
9Bie benal^m
fid^ fid^

fd^iDerer?

(Slnna;^

ber lnnaO

2lnna,

unb tda^
Slnna

fagte fie?

SWartfia,
fiif)Ite

unb toa^
bie

fagte fie?

Smpfanb
Slirbe?
SBie
l^eifet

ober

d^n)ere

ber

ba^ foftbare ^rautlein?

Semen ie ben prud^ au^toenbig! 2Bieberf)oIen ie nun bie ganje efd^id^te!

d^reiben ie biefelbe an bie Safel!

beginners' GERMAN
Give a synopsis
id^ gel^e f)eutc

83

of:

in bic

tabt

el^en

is

really

an

irregular strong verb, as are

8crt)efen

fcin
ftctfen

tt)ar

ftanb
tat

gcftanben
getatt

iwx

Give the principal parts of these four verbs

in sentences.

Where

are adverbs of time placed?

Before

other adverbial modifiers?

How are proper

nouns declined?

What can you

bet bctntge?

say instead of bcr mctnigc and

Of what is 5ur a contraction? Give similar cases of contraction.

What

are the principal parts of

difference

l^ciftcn?

Note the

between
into

^ctften

and the

other verbs with root-vowel -ei-*

Change

all preterits

1. 2.

the present tense,

the pluperfect. the

Rewrite

whole story by substituting synonyms for as many words and expressions as possible.

NOTE
Declension
Singular
Plural
bic

Nominative
bic

ncuc efd^id^tc

ncucn cfd^td^tcn

Accusative
Genitive
ber ncuctt efd^id^te

bcr ncuctt cfd^id^tcn

Dative

ber ncuen cfd^id^tc

ben ncucn efd^id^tcn

84

beginners' GERMAN

Decline in the same

bic faule 5)Wa9b,
biefe grofee

way

in sentences:
bie flelfeige 9J?agb,

tabt,

jenc fleine

tabt,

iebe fc^toere ?aft,

melc^e fd^mcrc 8aft (33iirbc).

Why
What

should this attributive declension be called weak?

is

the difference between

in the following, orally

it

and the

so-called strong

declension of adjectives?

Illustrate.

Change
N,
G.

and

in writing, the plurals

into singulars:

Sie faulen SWagbc fttib gu aufe. Sie 9^amen ber faulen SKcigbe ftnb 2lnna unb

9)Jartf)a,

D.

gr

gibt ben faulen SJJagben fein @elb

gefef)en*

^.

SBir I)aben geftern bic faulen 9}Jagbe in ber tabt

^tt)etunbbreiigfte 2lufgabe

3um
S3rot,

griiMtud befommt ba^

gefttag aud^
Xdoiji

beutfd^e

^inb emmel unb

^uc^en,

am

ein tilrf .Sluc^en.

em^

met unb Srot

er t)om 33auer

bacft ber iBader

au^

2)?e^I.

a^

ae^t maf)It
btefe fauft

ber SKiiller au^ 2Beijen=

unb au^ S^oggenfornd^en;

(Sin SBei^en^

er

33auer bebaut ha^ gelb unb fat bie fletnen

etreibeforner
ein febr fleine^

f)inetn,

unb 9?oggenfornc^en
etne

ift

ing, nod&

fleiner al^ ber 5RageI ant

fleinen

ginger eine^ fleinen ^inbe^

d^ate; innen
fleiner ^etnt,
ift t^etfee^ 9D?ef)I,

(S^

]^at

bilnne,

trodene

unb in bem Wt\)l

ift

liegt ein

gang

ber nid^t grower

aU

ein tedfnabelfopf,
iS^inb

S)er

5tu^

^eim fd^Icift im etreibeforn tok ba6 fleine bem fleinen ^orn ertndc^ft aber ein alm,
mit SSurjeIn unb
S3Iattern, oben

tm

iBett,

fo l^od^ trie ein

50Jann, unten

mtt

etner Sl^re.

3n

ber Sfire btlben

ftd^ toieber Diele

neue etreibeforner,

2lu^

beginners' GERMAN
bem
bielc

85

einen ^ornd^en, ha^ bet

Sauer

in bie (grbe Icgt, ftnb ifirer

getDorben, Did Tnef)r al6 ein

t)o{I

^inb ginger ^at

au^,

Sinen

acf

fat ber S3auer

im

griil^iafir

bringt er

im

^erbfte toieber nad^ ^aufe,

t)iele

tide dolt
j.

S)ic Siere,

i8.

bie SSogel, bie

bie fleinen

enne,

bie

an^,

bie ^ul^

etreibefomer gem*

S)ie

unb ba^ ^ferb, freffen Heinen Corner emal^ren

auc^ grofee Seute, felbft ^aifer

unb ^onige*

^a^ $. SSagner.
SBeld^e SBorter tierftelien

ie nid^t?

^a
SBa^
2)ic

fjrittiftud ift
ift

ba^

erfte (gffen frilf)

am 90^orgen.
ift

ba^ 2)?ittage[fen? ba^ 3lbenbe[fen?

ift

Semmel

ein 53rotd^en

2Ba^

ein

S&vbU

c^en?
2)ie

SBurjetn eine^ iBaume^ finb in ber @rbe,

2)ie SJijgel fliegen in ber 8uft; bie

an^

fd^n)immt

auf

bem
ifet

SBaffer*

2Ba6

ha^ beutfd^e ^inb

iDirb

gum

grilMtild?

SBorau^
iffio^er

ba^

tctglid^e

33rot gemac^t?

fommt ba^ 9We^I?

ie ha^ gange tild nod^ einmal!
an
bie SBanbtafel!

grjci^Ien

gefen ie e^ nun!

d^rei6en ie e^

jie^t

Semen te

aui^ttienbig:

S)er

ganbmann

pflangt

mit

mW ^nb
iSrot.

9tot

3)a^

^om

filr

unfer

tctglid^

3um
Unb er Unb
S)ie

adulter iDirb ba^

^orn

gebrad^t

feine^ SJJel^I
S3(idfer

barau^ gemad^t.
ba^ 9Wel^I in^
iBrot barau^*
S3utter brauf,

nimmt

^au^

bddft

im Ofen

ie abutter
^inber

ftreid^t bie

effen atte^ auf*

86

beginners' GERMAN

NOTE
Declension
Singular
Plural
bie

Nominative
Accusative
Genitive

ba^ Heine tinb

be^ fleinen ^inbe^

Meinen Sinber

ber fleinen finber

Dative

bem

fleinen

^inb

htn fleinen ilinbem

Decline similarly in sentences:

ba^ Qtofee
'tid^

^om,
iebe^ alte Jier,

biefe^ iDei^e 2)?ef)I,

fleine S3Iatt,

iene^ fd^marse

ing,

meld^e^ iunge ^ferb

SBa^ tut ber 2Ba6 tut ber

mdtx?
gWiiller?

r ma^It

U^ mt%

Unb

ber arjaler?

2)er SWaler malt ba^ Silb.

9Ba6 tut ber iBauer?

9Bie nennt

man

feine

grau?

9Ba^ tut

ein 8ef)rer ober eine ?e]^rerin?

SBa^ SBa^

ein d^reiber? id^ter? d^neiber? Jifd^Ier?

ift

S)er aWann, ber ^ilte mad^t,

fiir

ein

^utmad^er^

ein

9Kann

ift

ein d^ufimad^er? ein Uf)r^

madder?

in Ul^nnad^er mad^t Uf)ren in ber

njerfftatte.

U]&rmad^er==

2Bir nennen
iBadferei,

bic

iJBerfftcitte

cine^

33fidfer^

eine

iffia^ ift eine Xifd^Ierei?

WORD FORMATION
What
pressing what?

kind of nouns does the nominal suffix -er form, exOf what gender are these nouns?

beginners' GERMAN

87
-itt

What can you

(Plural -inncn)?

say of the force of the noun-suffix

Of what gender are these nouns? How about the suffix -ci? Of what gender? Make a list of the feminine nouns with the suffixes:
-ci, -i}dt, -tdt,

-in, -fd^aft, -ung,

-ic, -if, -ion.

Of what origin are the last three? What neuter suffixes have we had? Give examples. How do you translate biefcr and jctict? Is there any difference in English between the use of latter and the former?

the

Dretunbbrei^tgfte 2lufgabe
Sic bcutfi^c SaifcrfamiKc
^atfer 9BiIf)eIm
I. (ber grfte) tft fe^r alt

gclDorbcn.

2H^ cr

am
22.

9. 9Karj
9)?cirj

1888

ftarb, h)ar er fa[t

91

^(i))xt alt,

ha cr

am

1797 gcborcn

iDurbc.

?iac^

bcm

STobc bc^ crftcn

o]^enjoIIcrn=,Slaifer^ bcfticg bcr franfc

^ronprinj ben Sl^ron.

(Sr Xoox ber

%U

^aifer

fiiefe

er griebric^ III. (ber S)ritte).

Siebling be^ beutfd^en S3oHe^. ,,Unfern

%xx%"

Salter tat c^

9Wan nannte if)n iiberall nur bcm SBoIfc fo leib, ha'ii bem
15. -^uni 1888.

gnjeiten beutfd^en

^aifer cine fo furje SJegiemng befc^ieben Xoax.

[tarb er

d^on nac^ 99 Jagen

felben S'afire, in
faf)

am

^n bem^

bem
alfo

ber erfte beutfd^e ^atfer geftorben Xoox,

S)entfd^Ianb aud^ ben jtDeiten ^aifer in^

3af)r

1888

l^at

brei

beutfd^e

^aifer auf

@rab finfen. !Da^ bem beutfd^en

ift

Sfirone gefefien.

S)er britte beutfd^e ^aifer

SSil^clm II.

88
(gr
ift
ift

beginners' GERMAN
ber iefeige ^aifer

unb

regiert feit bent 15.

(be^g

3uni 1888.

gr

ber of)n griebrtdf)^ III.

ritten) unb ber gnfel

mmm^ L
geboren.
l^ol^en

tdfer

SSilfielm II. Innrbe

am

27. .^anuar 1859

J)ie

S)ie beutfc^e ^aiferin f)ei6t Slngufte SSiftoria.

(gitem l^aben fieben ^inber, nantlid^ fec^^ ^rinjen unb

S)er ditefte ^rtnj
ift

eine ^rinjefftn.

ber ^ronprinj 5riebri(^

aSil^elm.

@r

U)urbe

1882 geboren.

??tagett

SBie

f)ie^

ber erfte beutfci^e ^aifer,

unb

toic

alt

n)urbe er?

9Ber tarn nad) bent Sobe be^ erften beutfd^en ^ai=

fer^ auf ben

Xi)von?

SBeffen Siebling inar griebrid^ III.?

9Bar benx

jlneiten beutfd^en ^aifer ein lange^

2thtn

befd^ieben?

^n
28ie

tneld^ent ^ai)vt fafien bie 3)eutf(^en aud^

btn

gtneiten ^aifer in^

biele

rab

finfen?

^aifer iDaren alfo

im

^ai)ve

1888 auf

bent 2f)ron?

9Bie nannte ba^ SSoIf ben franfen ^^fiebrid^ III.?

aSeld^en ^aifer f)aben bie eutfd^en jefet? SBie alt
ift

er?
f)at

SBie biele ^inber

ba^ je^ige ^aiferpaar 0)abtn

bie ie^igen ^ol^engoltern) ?

SBieberl^oIen ie, tna^

ie bon ben

beutfd^en ^ai^

fern gel^ort fiaben!

eben @ie
Sefen ie

bie

Seamen ber

erften ^aifer an!

nun ba^

?efeftiidf!
t)ielnte]&r:

d^reiben ie e^ je^t an bie Jafel ober

id^ U)erbe

e^ 3^f)nen

langfam

biftieren.

beginners' GERMAN
S)a^ befannte beutfd^e S^attonaltieb
ift:

89

^cil bir im icgerfrans!

S)ic crftc

trop^e badon
^eil bir

lautet:

im iegerfranj,

^errfd^er be^ SSaterlanb^!

^eit, ^aifer, bir!
giif)I

in be^

J^rone^ lani

ie

l^ol^c

iffionne ganj:

Siebling be^ S?oIf^ ju fein!

eit, ^aifer, bir!

ie

iDcrben biefe erfte tropl^e au^tDcnbig lemcn!

iDoIIen iDir
fie

^e^t

fingen!

ie fennen
oj Thee

bod^ bie

Tldohk
save the

Don: iify Country H is

nnb

G(?rf

King?

Sllte brei 5yiationalf)t)mnen 1;)Cihm biefelbe 9JJeIobie

ie

t)erftef)en
fiir filr

bod^ alle^?

2Ba^

ein

^ranj
8anb
ift

i[t

ber iegerfranj?

2Ba^
SBa^

ein

ift

ha^ SSaterlanb?

Sin giebKng
ift

einer, ber geliebt toirb.

ein 8ef)rling?

NOTE
Declension
Singular

Plural
bie beutfd^en ^atfer

Nom,
Gen,
Dat.

ber beutfc^e ^aifer

be^ beutfd^en ^aifer^

ber beutfc^en ^aifer

bem

beutfd^en Saifer

btn beutfd^en ^aifern

bie beutfd^en ^aifer

Ace,

ben beutfd^en ^aifer

Decline likewise, always in sentences, as oral and as written work:

90

beginners' GERMAN
bcr txante Sronpring,
bicfcr grofec Sicbling,

bcrfelbc Scl^rer,
bcrjicnigc driller,

icncr mad^tigc 2^^ron,

ber tneiniQC [of)n].

article,

The

adjective,

cally always

when preceded by the what ending?

is

has practi-

What

case

excepted with masculine nouns?

of

With feminine and neuter nouns,

cases are excepted?

course,

what two

WORD FORMATION
SBritberHd^
fieifet tDic

cin 93ruber ober gleid^ cinem S3rubcr.

elterlid^,

What

is

the force of the adjective-suffix -lid^ in

prinalid^, fd^mcfterlid^, mttttnlid^, n)ctblid^?

Dterunbbret^tgjlc ^lufgabe

^a^
@cit 1871,
fcit

S)cutf^c SRcid^

bem ^riegc mit

granfrcid^,

beftel^t n)iebcr
ift

cin miid^tigc^, einige^ Scutfci^e^ dtdd).

fcl^r grofe,

cutfd^Ianb

ni(|t

obmot)! grower

aU

(Snglanb obcr granfrcic^*

^e^

hod) bic SScrclnigten

finb

taaten Don 9iorbamerifa

(SintDoI)ncr, alfo

of)ne Slla^fa

14^ mal grower al^ ba^ J)eutf(^e dldi).

\)at

Slber ^tut^d)-

lanb

ungcfal^r

68 9KiIUonen

bie SScreinigten
fecn ift

taatcn*

f foDiel tnic J)er iebe^maligc ^onig t)on ^reu^

eutfc^en ^aifer

cutfd^er ^aifcr.
gctocil^It, b
1^,

griifier trurben bie

immer
tt)'di)ltt

nad)

bcm Sobe
^ti}t
ift

ctne^ !Dcutfd^en ^aifer^

man

cinen ncuen^

bic

^aifcmiirbc aber

erb==

lid^,

S)cr l^cutigc cutfc^c ^aifer

f)tntcr ftd^*

f)at bic 9)?a(^t

ift

ctnc6 cinigen

cutfd^cn 9tei(^e^

S)er ^aifer

bcr SScrtrctcr
ift

bc^ 9?ci(^c^ int SScrfc{)r mit

obcrftc ^ricg^ficrr

bcm

Slu^Ianb.

@r

auc^ bcr

unb

S3cfc{)I^f)abcr bcr

Slrmce unb glottc.

BEGINNERS' GERMAN
Slber er l^at nid^t n)ie bcr ^riifibetit bcr SJercimgtcn

taaten

ha^

Sied^t, ein SSeto einjulegen*

a^

eutfc^c

dtd^

beftet)t

au6 26 cinjclnen taaten;

t)tcr

baDon finb ^ontgreid^e, ncimlic^ ^reufeen, S3at)em, ac^fen

26 taaten fcnben 58 SScrtretcr, emannt tDcrben, tiad^ Berlin, ber J)ie 58 SSertreter ^auptftabt ^reufeen^ unb be^ dld6)t^. bilben jufammcn ben SBunbe^tat unter bent SSorfi^e be^ 5Keic^^== ge^terer tnirb t)om ^aifer ernannt* fanjler^^ ie S3urger int ganjen 3)eutf(^en 9tetd^ h)a]^Ien 397 Slbgeorbnete in hm SRcid^^tag, ber ebenfatt^ in ^Berlin gufammenf omntt* Sllte S3ur^ ger, bie iiber 25 ^ai)vc alt [inb, ertDaf)Ien biefe 9KitgIieber be^
unb SSlirttemberg,
bie t)on

S)iefc

ben Sanbe^fiirften

Steic^^tage^ auf

5 ^af)vt, in gelieimer SBaf)L

S)er S3unbe^^

rat

nnb ber

9ieic^^tag ntac^en efefee

feft.

unb

ftellen

ba^ 93ubget

be^ Seutfd^en 9ieid^e^

3)ic grofeten

unb

tDid^tigften

tabte S)eutfd^Ianb^ finb nad^

Berlin:

Hamburg an

ber (gibe,

Mm^en

(bie

^auptftabt t)on

S3at)ern), Seipjig

in ad^fen,

re^ben

(bie

^auptftabt (Ba^^

fen^),

^oln (Soln)

am

dl^dn, S3re^Iau an ber Ober, grantfurt

Slad^t. SB crn^Ioh).

am

9Wain, ^annot)er, SSremen an ber SBefer*

fjtagctt

eit tDeld^em ^al^re

dtd(i)?

beftefjt

ein neue^ S)eutfd^e^

9^ad& iDeld^em ^riege tdav

ba^?

^aben ie

fd^on

tjon

bem

beutfd^^frangofifd^en

^rieg gel^ort?
SBie t)ielmal grower finb bie 93ereinigten taaten
alg J)eutfd^Ianb?

9Bie SBie

ift

bie beutfd^e ^aifertDurbe {efet?

frill^er

fam man

ju einem ^aifer?

92

beginners' GERMAN
SBeld^c^ [inb bie JRcd^tc be^ eutfc^en ^atfer^?

2Bie

t)iele

taaten

gibt e^

tm eutfd^en

8?eid&?
ifiren

9tennen ie

bie brei grofeten

taaten mit

^auptftabten!

3eigen ie
2Bie
t)iele

biefe

tabte auf ber Cartel

ober ernannt?

55ertreter bilben ben iBunbe^rat?

inb
SBer

fie gett)df)It
i[t

ber S3orfi^er be^ iBunbe^rat^?

SBie biele 9KitgIieber be^ 9iei(^^tag6 gibt e^?

SBerben

biefe gett)af)lt?

<^ann ber ^aifer

attein

efe^e madden ober allein

ha^ Subget aufftellen?

SBeld^e n)eiteren

tabte unb

gliiffe S)eutfd^Ianb^

fennen ie?

3ft S)eutfd^Ianb

iDie bie

SSereinigten

taaten ein

taatenbnnb^ oberifte^ ein SSnnbe^ftaat?

^at

ber "iPrafibent ber SSereinigten

it)ie

taaten

af)n^

Ixdjt dtcd^tt

ber 2)entfd^e ^aifer?

S3erglei($en

ie

bie beiben

?dnber miteinanber!

d^reiben ie einen 2luffa^ bariiber!

NOTE
Declension
N.
G.
ein ncuer

f atfcr

cine fci^redlid^e 3eit

ein ^Deutfd^e^ 9?eic5 einc^ !Deutfd^en D^cicjeg

einent

cineg neuen aifcr^

einer fc^recftid^cn 3cit

einer fd^rerflid^en 3cit
eine fc^rerflid^e S^^t

D.

einem neuen ^aifer

einen neuen ^aifer

^eutf d^en

9leic5(e)

A.

ein !^eutf(eg D^eic^

Why is this

declension of adjectives called at times mixed?

in the

Are attributive adjectives

lative declined like
Illustrate.

comparative and super-

the adjectives in the positive degree?

Is it not true that either the adjective or the preceding

element

(ber=^

and ein=words) must show the gender, nima-

beginners' GERMAN
ber,
so,

93
it

and case

of the following

noun which
ein neucr,

modifies?

If

does that

make

clear the forms:

ber neuc,

but

ba^ neuc, but

ein neuc;^?

Decline in sentences, orally and in writing:

citi

unenblid^er treit, ein

bauember

Slnteil;

einc erblid^e ^aifcrmilrbe; tnein fd^one^ SSaterlanb*

When

are geographical adjectives capitalized?

^iinfunbbrct^tgfte 2lufgabe
(Review)
SBicberl^oIung ber gangen SlbieftiD^Seflination:

Singular
N.
G.
ber ncuc ^aifcr
ein neucr ^aifer bic \^xtdix(i)t 3^it
eine fc^recflic^e 3cit
bttjg

beutfd^c

ein beutfc^e)^

^tnb ^inb
^inbe^

be6 neuen ^aifcr^

clneg Ttcucn ^aifer^

ber fc^recfUc^en S^^t

einer fc^recflid^en S^^^

be6 beutfd^en ^tnbeg

etne beutfc^en

D,

bent ncucn ^aifcr

cincnt neuen ^alfer

ber fd^redltd^en 3^it

einer fc^redltdEien 3cit

A.

ben neuen ^aifer

eincn neuen ^aif.er

bie fd^redlid^e S^^t

einc f(^recflic$e 3^it

^inb einem beutfd^en ^inb ha^ beutfd^e tinb ein beutfd^e)^ ^tnb
bent beutfd^en

Plural
Norn,

bk
(feine)

^aifer

guten
3eiten

^inber

Gen.

tatfer
ber
(feiner)

guten
3eiten

^inber

DaL

^aifern
ben
(feinen)

Quten
5etten

^inbern
tatfer

Ace,

bic
(feinc)

Quten
3eiten
I

^inbcr

94
ie
^
, ,

beginners' GERMAN
crftc

tropl^e be^ beutfc^en 9iationaItiebc8:

te SBa^t

am

3lfiem

lautct:
(^ brauft ein 9iuf tDic 2)onnerl^aIt,

2Bic d&n)ertgeflirr unb SBogenpraC:

3um

3tl^ein,

gum

9tl^ein,

jum

beutfd^en di^dnl

SBcr iDiH be^ trome^ filter fein?

?ieb SBaterlanb, magft rul^ig fein,
Sieb SSaterlanb, magft ruf)ig fein:
geft
ftel^t

nnb treu
unb treu

bie SBad^t, bie

bie SBad^t, bie

SBad^t 2Bac^t

geft fte^t

am am

9J^ein!
5i^ein!

Sim gufee ber SSorbertafel be6 9lationaIbenfmaI^ (^monument^) auf bem S^iebemalb bei 9Jllbe^=
l^eim

am

9J^ein

ift

ba^ ?ieb S)ie SBad^t

am

9Jl^ein" eingegraben*
SSerftel^en

ie

alle
trcigt

SBorter?
ein d^tDert

@in ^rieger
eite.

an

feiner linfen

ie SBogen
SBo
l^aben

bebeutet bie SBelten.

bie

rt)ir

SBeHcn gelemt?
flir

ie SBo
aSo

beutfd^en ^rieger tDerben

ben

9tl^ein ftrei^

ten; fie finb baf)er bie filter be^

trome^.

l^aben iDir ru^ig gef)abt? l^aben

flir fiir
fiir fiir
rt)ir

treu gelemt?
ift

SBa^

ein

att (sound)
ift

ber onnerJ^all?

2Ba^
9Ba^

ein eflirr

ba^ d^tDertgeflirr?
ift

ein ^ralt ein

(rebound)
ift

ber SBogenpratt?

2Ba^

ganb

ba^ SSaterlanb?
i.e.

Show

the onomatopoeia in this poem,

the

formation of words to imitate the sound of

the thing.

BEGINNERS' GERMAN
Scfet ftngcn iDir ba^ 8icb!

95

gUr morgen

lerncn

ic

c^ au^lDenbig!

NOTE
Give a synopsis
of:
fef)r;

c6 brauft^unb e^ bonncrt
id^ ftcl^c

am

offcnen genfter.
i.e. fl^Ctt,

Do

intransitive verbs of posture,

feiti

liegen^

ftel^etl,

usually take the auxiliary

or f)abtn?

Is verbal action or result of action expressed?

WORD FORMATION
atul^ig
ift,

tDcr (bic) dtn\)t iiat

93Ber

ift

f)un0rtg, burftig, fictfeig, mttd^tig?

all

Collect

the adjectives ending in ~tg, and show the force

of the suffix.

Give the adjectives in complete sentences.

SBa6 2Ba^

man
ift

c[fcn fann,

ift

cPat.

trinfbar,

prbar, Ic^bar?

aSo

l^aben tDir ttmnbcrfiar gefiabt?

S^d^sunbbrei^tgfte ^lufgabe
5D r c b c n, ben 12. 3)?ara 1912.

Sicbcr 55^^iinb!
cinen
fangen.
au^fiil^riid^en 33rtef

bom

28* gebruar
bafiir*

l^abc id^ cm})^

^d) banfc S)ir bielmd^ ^d^ freuc mtd^

S)amtt S)u nid^t

lange auf ?lad^rid^t

iDortcn*

p h)arten braud^ft,
fel^r,

tt)iU id)

Sir
ift

fofort ant^

bafe

S)u un^ balb mit 3)eincn

e^ jebcnfate

efd^tntftern befud^cn iDirft.

S'n eutfd^Ianb

im

ajjat

am

fd^onftcn.

S)al^cr ftngen tDtr 3)eutfd^c aud^ in ber

crften tropl^e bc^ Siebc^ 9Banberfd^aft":

96
,,er Tlai
ift

beginners' GERMAN
gefontmen,
bit

93aume

f($Iagen au^,

S)a

bleibe, h)er Suft l^at,

mit orgen

p ^au6!
S^%

SBie bie SBoIfen bort tDanbern

am

J^imtnlifc^en

0
Slbcr

ftel^t

au^ mir

ber

inn

in bie tDcite, tDcite 9BeIt,"

im 3uli nnb
l^eifeen

Slngnft l^aben h)ir aud^ fd^one^ SBetter

tro^ Dieler

3:age.

2Bir n)erben mit @uc^

t)iele i^i^fereifen

in bie SBcilber
h)erben.

unb S3erge nnterne^men.

S^

tDirb

[icfier foftlic^

SBann merbet ^^v benn

lebe rec^t tDof)I

eigentlid^ nac^

Snropa ab-

reifen?

9^un

unb

laffe

balb ettoa^ t)on S)ir

(SItern*

]()oren

S3itte, empfiel^I

mid^ einen lieben

^d)

tDilnfd^e

@ud^

Ilid unb egen allermegen,

^ebergeit griebe, greub'^

9Kit l^erjlid^en riifeen, auc^ an Seine efd^tDifter, berbleibe

3)ein treuer greunb

id^

5ri<?.
SSerfte^en

ie atte^?
l^eifet

2lu^fuf)rlid^

lang*

9Ba^

bebeutet: bie
finb jung

S3aume

fc^Iagen
feine

au^?

ie

unb ^abtn

orgen*

ie

finb

forgenfrei*

S)a^ l^immlifd^e

3^W

ift

natilrlid^ ber

^immeL

3n

tDeld^em ^onigreid^e liegt iibrigen^ SDre^ben?

alte6 t)erftanben?

^aben ie nun

fjragen

SBann ift e^ in eutfd^Ianb am fd^onften? SBarum? SBann finb bie f(^onften 2:age? SBie ift e^ oft im 3nli unb Sluguft? Semen ie bie erfte tropf)e be^ 8iebe^ SBanberfc^aft au^rt)enbig!

beginners' GERMAN
tngcn ie: er 9Kai tft gefommen Semen ie auc^ ben pmd^, ben
ufn)

97

man

gut gu

einem Selegramm bertDenben fann:

&IM

nnb egen

SlIIertDegen,

S'ebergeit

griebe,

grenbV
prnd^ Don ber
9Kitte,

Sefen

ie

biefen fd^onen

ober fangen ie mit irgenb einer

3^H^

cin!

d^reiben ie biefen nnb einen af)nli(^en S3rief

SBa^ tnt

man mit

einem

iBriefe,

nad^bem

man

il^n

gefd^rieben i}at?

Tlan
bie

[tedft

ben 33rief in einen Umfd^Iag, fd^reibt

Slbreffe,

Hebt bie 2)?arfe anf,

fc^Iiefet

btn

S3rief

nnb

irirft il^n in
ift

ben ndd^ften Ifaften*

SBa^

filr

ein taften

ba^?

SBa^

ift

eine iBrief^

marfe?
3lbre[fe:

erm
in the

Dr. Hans Schulze, Hannover,

Georgstrasse 38.

Change

above

letter the

pronouns of

fajniliar

address (which are capitalized in

letters)
1.

into the plural,

2.

into pronouns of conventional address.

3.

Change the masculine into the feminine in the salutation and in the close.

NOTE
Which
case
is

used after banlen and

antttiortett?

What

other verbs did

we have where

the dative

is

used as

single object?

What

is

the usual form of the prefix em)>-?

98

beginners' GERMAN

Smpfangen, CTnpfef)(cn, empfinbcn are the only three verbs with the prefix emp-.

Where
Does
it

is

the accent in unteme^men?

mean
fangcn

here to undertake or to take (hold) under?

The

principal parts of fangen

and

etntifangen are:

fing

gcfangcn
ctnpfangcn

empfangen

cmpftng

What

is

the difference?
lie?

Where does the accent Where is the accent in

Give a synopsis of
E.g.
id)

Is

cmp- a part

of speech?

the verb aireifen?

Is the prefix ab- a part of speech?

bie Xiiv sumat^en*

nxad^e bic Jilr in,

bu mac^teft

bie Xixx

gu ufm^

of

from the verb in the simple tenses normal order? Where is the prefix with simple verb in dependent clauses? How is the past participle formed? (jugcmad^t.) What case do prepositions compounded with of take in
Is the prefix separated

German?
E.g. tro^ bc^
{)eifeen

2^a0e6, in spite of

h)C0cn be^

ficifecn

Xa^t^, on account of

Stebenun&bretigfte 2lufgabe
2)cr trcuc
(Sin
tdax.

^unb
ber
fel^r

^aufmann

l^attc

einen

^unb,

n)ad^fam unb trcu

t)iel

@in[t ritt ber

^aufmann bon einem

^aufc,
ftd^

SWarfte, IDO er

elb eingcnommen
einem 9KanteIfad

tiatU, nad^
fiinter

@ein elb

l^attc er

in

auf ba^ ^ferb gefd^naltt*

l^er,

S)er

unb
bie

marfd^ierte neben tf)m

lofe,
fiel

9^ad^

unb nad^ aber iDurben

n)ar,

9iiemen
biefer

mit benen ber 9KanteIfadE angebunben

ol^ne

unb

fierab,

ba^ e^ ber

^aufmann

bemerfte.

BEGINNERS' GERMAN
cr unb ^aufmann
aber
l^attc

99
n)infcln cr ^unb nun immer

c6 gefel^en

unb

ftng
!S)a

an ju

fel^rtc \id) nid^t

il^n

baran.

ber

argcr bellte, fd^Iug

Slbcr ber treue

fein

err cinigemal mit ber

(Sr fprang

^eitfc^e*

unb

l^orte nid^t auf^

an ba^ ^ferb

unb

gerbife il^m faft bie giifee, bafe

e^ nid^t meitergel^en foltte,

unb ber d^aum

ftanb il^m t)or ber d^nauje*

9^un bad^te ber

i^n mit

^aufmann,

fein

^unb
unb

fei

toll

gen)orben.

(gr fd^ofe

feiner ^iftole nieber

ritt iDeiter^

211^ er noc^ eine tredfe

geritten h)ar,

fill^Ite

er l^inter [td^

unb

erfd^raf,

aU

er feinen

SWantelfadE bermifete*
t)on

3lun

ritt er jurildf

unb

fal^ iiberall S3Iut

feinem ^unbe*

(gnblid^

fam

er bal^in, n)o il^m ber

elb^

fadE entfallen toax.

!Da lag fein treuer

ledfte

unb

neben bent (Bade.

(gr iDebelte

unb

mit bem d^tDanje,

feinem errn bie

^anb

ftarb^

55tagctt

S33a^

filr

einen

3eigte ber

unb l^atte unb Sreue?

ber

ber

^aufmann?

(r l^atte einen fel^r

unb unb.
t)iel

SBo
SBar

l^atte

^aufmann

@elb

eingenom-

m^n?
er gu gufe ober ju

^ferbe?

S33ann ritt er nad^ ^aufe?

S33o l^atte ber

^aufmann

fein

elb?
bie

233a6 gefd^al^
l^ielten?

mit ben 9?iemen,

ben 9KanteIfadf

SBemerfte ber

^aufmann

ben SSerluft?

SBufete er, ba^ er fein elb berloren l^atte?

elang e6 bem ^unbe, feinen

gu madden?

$erm

aufmerffam

SBoburd^

tooltte jener biefen

aufmerffam madden?

ICX)

BEGINNERS GERMAN
^aufmann feincn trcucn imb? unb? tat ber unb mit bem "ipferbe? SSarxinx? SBa^ SBar ber ^unb toH getDorben? 2Barf ber .^aufmann etnen tein nad^ bem ^unbe? 2Somit tDurbe ber unb niebergefd^offen? SBann bermifete ber ^aufmann [em elb?
SBomit
fc^Iug bcr

SBem

gef)orte ber treue

2Ba^

tat er,

unb

tDa^

faf)

er?

9Bie fanb er f etnen treuen

^nnb?
al6

3ft ein
f(^en?

unb

nic^t oft treuer

mand^e Tltn^

SBieberl^oIen

ie

bie

gange efd^id^te!

?efen ie ba^ tiid

d^reifien

ie

bie furje (grjafilung nieber!

Change the text by using the perfect tense. Change subordinate clauses into coordinate ones, and vice versa.
E.g.

Unb
ber

biefer fiel l^erab, ol^ne bafe e^ ber

^aufmann

bemerfte

becomes:

fo bafe biefer l^erabfiel, aber

^aufmann

bemerfte e^ nid^t*

NOTE
Does the German use the possessive adjective with nouns
denoting parts of the body or of clothing?
Illustrate.

Where is the accent in marf^terte, ttiatfci^iert? Where in bemerfte, entfiel, erfd^raf, geprte, t>ermt||tc, serfiift? Do verbs with unaccented first syllable take the augment
ge- in the past participle?

Are these

six

unaccented prefixes parts of speech

btgeentt)er-

er-

set-?

beginners' GERMAN
Give the principal parts of the above
frcntibar)

'

'>'

'

-ibl
(ltTl'>

six -twie^c/cSfe'

compound verbs.
is

What
The
er

the force of ent- and of 5cr-?

Illustrate.

principal parts of the following verb are:

citi,

cinne^men, naf)m

cingenommen; or better:
ein,

nimtnt

ein,

er

naf)m

cr

mirb einnef)men, er

l^at

eitigc^

nomtnen*

Give in the same way, orally and in writing:

anbinben
cr fallt ^erab,

cr fid f)crab, cr tDirb f)crabfaHcn, cr

auf^oren
Jt)citcr9ef)cn

niebcrfd^icfecn

burd^rciten

ift

f)crabgcfaHcn

Where

is

the accent in these verbs?

Are these prefixes parts of speech? What parts of speech? Are there in English also separable verbs? Illustrate. Where is the accent in itfierfe^en meaning to translate? Where is the accent in Utttctttcl^metl meaning to undertake?

Where
separable

is

the accent in h)teberl^oIen meaning to repeat?

figurative sense treated like in-

Are compound verbs in a

compound verbs? Are compound verbs in a literal sense compound verbs, as they should be?
Does not the same

treated like separable

difference exist in English with vari-

able prefixes?

Compare,

e.g., to

undertake with

to

take under {down),

untcmcf)Tncn

(l^cr)untcmcf)mcn

untemat)m

nal^m (^cr)untcr
(f)er)untcrgcnommcn
\>\XX^,
ttfier,

untemommcn
Illustrate
Uttter,

in

sentences the variable prefixes:

um

unb

tutebcr*

UDQ
E.g.

beginners' GERMAN
../...
h)ieberI)oIen.

In burd^Iaufcn, iibcrfcljcn, untemef)Tncn, umgcl^en, Observe the difference:

!Dcr

bcr

^aufmann tjerlor fein clb, o^nt Saufmann t)erIor fein clb, of)ne
is

c^ ^u h)iffcn;
bafe e^ ber

but
tDufete!

unb

What

the reason for this?

illustrations.

Give similar

2ld?tunbbrettgjtc 2lufgabe
J)cr

^unb mit bcm

tiid

JJIeifd^c

@in $unb
iiber einen

l^atte eitt

gleifd^ gcftol^len

unb

lief
fal^

bamit
er fein

fd^malen teg.

-Sn bem Har^n

SBaffer
fei,

53ilb

unb meinte, bag

c^ ein anberer

^unb

ber aud^ ein

tiicf

Skif^ i^
l^atte,

Sl^aule f)abe

@r

gebad^te e^ tl^m ju nef)men,

unb

fo fd^nappte er gierig banad^^

3)a

entfiel tl^m

ba^

i^ld\<i),

ha^ er

unb ba^ anbere, ba^

er l^aben tDoIIte, n)ar aud^

tjerfd^lDunben,

^ernanb, ber ettDa^

(gin

fttel^It, tft

ein S)ieb,

teg

ift

ein 28eg, ber oft ilber SBaffer fiil^rt

alle

$unbe unb
freffen*

Siere

{)aben

ein

9KauI;

fie

2Ba^

f)aben bie SKeufd^en?

ift

greffen fie?

2Ba^

gterig?

25erftef)en

ie

ieijt bie einfad^e,

moralifd^e @rgal^==

lung?

Stagcn

2Ba6

f)atte

ber

unb
ber

geftol^Ien?

fl&a^ tat er barauf?

SBoriiber

lief

^unb mit

bent

geftol^Ienen

gleifc^e?

beginners' GERMAN
SBa
crblidftc cr in

IO3

bcm Karen 9Baf[cr?

aSo

fat)

cr fein

Silb?

SBa^ glanbtc obcr mctntc er? 9Ba^ tDoHtc bcr unb bcm anbem ^unbe ncl^men?

Unb
e^

n)a^ tat er ba^cr?

9Barf bcr

$nnb
ba^

fcin

tudf

glcifd^ tDcg, obcr entfici

i^m?
cr
gtocite

Sddam

tiid glcifd^? tiid

i^ld\<i) t)crIoren,

attc bcr

unb
rt)ir

fcin

tomn

cr nid^t fo gicrig gctrcfcn tdixvc?

S33a^

Icmcn

an^

bicfcr

Hcincn cfd^id^tc?

(Srgal^Icn

ic

bic Heine 2:icrfabel!

Scfen

ie

biefclbe!

Unb

tDiebcrl^oIen

ie

biefclbe fd^riftlid^!

d^reiben ic bic efd^i(^te nod^ cinmal

L
2.

im ^Inral bc^ im *ipr(ifcn^

^erfeft^,

@r

gebad^te c6 il^m jn ncl^mcn,

ift

ba^fclbe

tt)ie:

cr bcfd^lofe,

ha^ er c^ if)m ncfimcn IdoHc.

NOTE
Subjunctive
PRESENT
^

(^onjunftit))

PRETERIT
id^ \)'dtU

id^ f)abe

bu

l^abeft

bu

l^atteft
fiiitte

cr (fie, e^) f^abc

tt)ir

cr (fie, c^)
h)ir l^atten
if)r fiattct

{)aben

i\)x l^abet

fie

f)aben

fie {)cttten

What vowel

figures in every ending of every subjunctive

id^ (er)

form, with the exception of

fei?

I04

beginners' GERMAN
in the story,

Are the subjunctive forms, used

direct speech?
If not,

employed

in

change the indirect discourse into direct statements.

tenses, or
is

Is there a so-called sequence of

the

same

tense used in indirect discourse which was, or would be,

used in direct speech? Is the stem- vowel of the present subjunctive modified? How about the preterit subjunctive? Of all verbs?

Conjugate in
speech:

full,

changing the direct speech into

indirect

Set

Sefircr fagtc: (t(^ bin faul)

bu
E.g.

bi[t

faul uflD*

Dcr

Sel^rcr fagte, bafe td^ faul fei (mare) ober \6) fei faul,
bafe

bu faul

fei(e)ft (tDarcft)

ufm.

Also change the direct question into indirect question:

2)?ein 93ater fragte mid^:

aft bu beinc Slufgabe gemac^t?

f)at cr feine

Slufgabc gemad^t? uftn*

9Ketn 33ater fragte mid^, ob

x6)

meine Slufgabe gemad^t

l^atte

betn 93ater fragte btd^, ob bu beine Slufgabe gentad^t f)abeft

(f)atteft),

etc.

Generally in the subjunctive those forms are used that differ

from

the respective indicative forms.

is

What
e.g. feien

the conventional form of the imperative in reality,

ie aufmerffam?

Is there

any imperative

in the third person?

BEGINNERS GERMAN

IO5

Heununbbrd^tgftc 2lufgabe
Xtil einc^ Sricfei^ t)pn uctl^e an critter in

^ma
id^

SBcimar,
5yjcld^fte

ben 4. September 1794.

SBod^e

gel^t

ber

^of

nad^ (gtfenad^,
[eiti, rt)ie id)

unb

tDerbe

14

3:age fo attein
t)or

unb

unabfictngig

fo balb

tiid^t iDteber

mir mir

fef)e*

SBoltten ie mi($ nid^t in btefer S^^i befuc^en^

bci

tt)of)nen

unb bleiben?

ie

iDlirben jebe Slrt

Don

Slrbeit

rul^ig

t)ome]^men fonnen.
faf)en

2Bir befpradfien un^ in bequemen

tunben,

greunbe, bie un^

am

afinlic^ften gefinnt toavtn,

unb

tDiirben nid^t of)ne 5yiu^en fd^eiben*

ie

follten ganj nad^

-3^rer 2trt
rid^ten^

unb

SBeife leben

unb

fid^ tiok

p ^aufe moglid^ft ein^

gefe^t,

aburd^

tDiirbe id^ in

ben

tanb

^f)nen bon
mefirere

meinen ammlungen ba^

SBid^tigfte gu s^io^tt,

unb

gaben
tDllrben

tDiirben

fid^

jmifd^en

un^

anfniipfen^

S3om 14. an
l^abe,

ie mid^ ju ^^xtv Slufnafime

id^ fo

bereit finben.
id^

33i^ ba{)in berfpare

mand^e^, ba^

gu fagen

unb

Mnfd^e

inbeffen red^t iDol^I ju leben.

irol^I,

Seben ie red^t

unb grit^en ie

bie 3^t*igen.

3?ierjef)n 3:age finb jtrei SBod^en, aber ,,ad^t 3:age"

ift

im eutfd^en
ift

ba^felbe

tt)ie

eine SBod^e.

SBar==

-um?
cfmnt
SBa^ 2Ba^ 2Ba^
ein SlbjeWit) t)on ber Sinn.

2Ba^

finb

iebod^ bie

runbformen

t)on

fmnen?

nid^t of)ne 5yiu^en

ol^ne 5Jlu^en
ift

ift, ift

nlt^Iid^.

ift, ift

nu^to;^.

enblo^, finnlo^?

211^ oetf)e biefen S3rief

biefer

an driller
ber

fd^rieb,

tdav

^rofeffor

an

Uniderfitat

^ena.

Io6

beginners' GERMAN
octf)c tear in ber ^at)t,

am

^ofe be6 giirftcn

Mavl Sluguft in SBeimar*

^eigen ie ^'ena unb SBeimar auf ber Cartel
2Bic alt h)aren oetf)c nnb driller

im

^cil^re

1794?

SBe^iDcgen n)oHtc
14. bi^ 27*

06%,

bafe

driller

il^n

t)om

eptember befud^en folk?

SBo

folltc (filter iDol^ncn

unb bleiben?

28a^
9Ba^

tDoItten fie

tun?
feinem S^^^i^nbe geigen?

tDoIIte oetl^e

SSarum

fd^rieb er nid^t met)v?

iJBiinfd^te

oet^e,

bafe driller

Wme?

SSieberl^oIen

ie ben gangen

iBrief

?efen

ie

il^n!
id^ il^n

3efet tDerbe

3^tien biftieren!
cil^nlid^en iBrief

d^reiben ie einen

Rewrite the
rid^ten

letter

from SBoKten te to

etn^

substituting tnurbcn for every sub-

junctive.

Rewrite the letter using the familiar form

of address.

Rewrite the letter omitting

all

subjunctives.

NOTE What
is

the force of the subjunctives tOoUttn,

bcfprfid^eti,

faffcn, fotttcn?

Is the stem- vowel

(a,

o,

u)

of the preterit subjunctive

modified in the strong verbs?

How

If not,

about the weak verbs? do not the preterit forms of the indicative and

subjunctive of regular weak verbs coincide?

beginners' GERMAN

107
tofirett?

What What
press?

is

the force of the subjunctive gefttmt

id)

does the subjunctive

tDiinfd^te,

bafe

er fame, ex-

Does the
Give
1.

subjunctive state facts or ideas?

illustrations,

orally

and

in writing,

in

which the

subjunctive expresses:

an ideal condition,
wish or exhortation,
indirect statement or indirect question.
tniirbcn

2. possibility,
3.
4.

SBa^
Sd)

ie tun, metin ie

f)cute frci I)atten?

iDiirbe fpajieren gef)cn, tDcnti id) fieutc frci f)attc;

bu

iDiirbeft fpaateren gef)en,

n)cnn bu fieute frei

f)(itteft ufft).

Conjugate
SBenn

this in full, then:

au^gcf)cn;

id^ f)cute frei ficittc, tDiirbe id)

and

finally:
id) f)cutc frci, fo

attc

miirbc

id)

au^gcf)cn.

Take the same sentence jugate it in the compound

E.g.

in the three formations,

tenses.

and con-

3d)

tDiirbe fpasteren

gegangen

fctn,

menn

id^ frei gel^abt fiatte

ufm

Z)ier3tgfte
2)ie

2Iufgabe

Sd^ulen

fiir bie

S)ie tabt l^at fie finb offentlid^e ebtiube. ^ugcnb bauen laffen. S)ie driller unb d^ulerinnen fonnen unb folten eth)a^ bartn lemen. Sllle ^inber ntllffen mit 6 ^al^ren in bie d^ule gel^en* ^ebe^ ^inb mufe bie d^ule 8
3?af)re befud^en.

Ste d^ulen

^ier

toixb e^
tt)i(t

im

?efen, d^reiben, 9Jed^nen

f)elfen,

nfm. unterrid^tet.

2lud^

bie

d^ule

ba^ ^inb gu

einem orbentlid^en 9Wenfd^en ju

ergtel^en.

Io8

beginners' GERMAN
ben SBoH^fd^uIen toirb ba^
h)tffcn
Qtltf)vt,

^n
Scben

toa^ ieber 9}Jenfd^

im

mufe*

^n
3febe6

ben

l^ol^eren

d^ulen

follen bte

^tnber nod^ mel^r lernen*

feme
be^

^tnb mufe

eine S3oIf^f(^uIe befud^en, iDenn e^ in

(S^ gibt ami) ^ribatfd^nlen, bie

anbere d^ule

gel^t,

man

fnd^en barf ober

mag*

S)ie

f)6d^[te

d^nle

ift

bie ^od^fd^nle
fieifeen

ober bie Uniderfitdt*

ie

driller ber Uniderfitaten

tnbenten,

2lnf ber Uniderfitat

ftnbieren bie inngen Sente,

toeld^e Siid^ter, Srjte,

^farrer ober Sel^rer tnerben tDotten.

??ragen

SBa^

filr

ebdube (dnfer)

finb bie

d^nlen?

giir toen l^at bie giir tren

l^at bie

tabt

fie fie

gebant?

tabt

banen kffen?
d^ule gef)en?

9Wiiffen alle
iEBie

^inber in

bie

lange?
fie

5G3a^ lernen
iffiiffen

in ber d^ule?

ie,

tt)a6 bie

d^nle and^ nod^

tDilt?

28o lemt

man

diel?

Qn

tDeld^en
tt)o

d^uten lemt

man

mef)r?

Unb

lemt

man am

meiften?

ibt e^ and^ ^ridatfd^nlen?

arf man biefe befnd^en? 2Ba^ fiir Sente ftnbieren anf ben Uniderfitaten?
9?ennen ie einige gro^e amerifanifc^e Uniderfi^
tdten!

^ennen ie
l^ol^eren

and^ bie

5^amen Don einigen ber 21

high

bentfd^en Uniderfitciten?
!J)ie

d^nlen trerben in 3lmerifa

schools genannt.

Q\t eine amerifanifc^e high school ba^felbe

eine bentfd^e od^f(i^nIe?

iDie

iffiamm nid^t?

beginners' GERMAN
agen ic nun,
Suc^e!
d^reiben le
einige
ettt)a6
tt)a^

IO9
d^ulen
tniffcn!

ie

il6er bic

Sefen ic ben furjcn Sluffa^

bariibcr in

Q^vtm

bariibcr,

unb ncnnen ic
unb Uni^
Sage bcr^
bic

SSoIf^fd^uIen,

t)crfitaten

high

schools

33ef(^reiben

ie and)

fclbcn!

NOTE
What
E.g.
SBiffen ie, tda^
is

the difference between

ItJtffcn, fcnnctt,

and

{i)nnen?

ie in

ber d^ule tun ntiiffen?

.Sennen ie

alle

?e^rer unb ^el^rerinnen 3f)rer d^ule?

^onnen ie

fd^on ein tDenig 35eutfd^ fpred^en?

Give three

illustrations of

your own.

MODAL AUXILIARIES
onnen
nogen
bttrfen
ntiiffen

foHen tDoHen

PRESENT INDICATIVE
x(i)

tanh

i^

bu fannft
cr

mag

i^ barf

id^

ntufe

id)

foH

id^

mill

fann

er ntag

er barf

er

mug

er foil

er mill

h)ir f onnen
\\)x

mir mogen mir biirfen mir miiffen mir

fount

fie f

onnen

follen

mir toollen

How is the singular present of modal auxiliaries formed? Like which tense of the strong verbs?
Can you conjugate the modal German?
auxiliaries in

English?

In

Could they be called defective in English ?

no
What
fonncn
TttoQcn
biirfcn

BEGINNERS GERMAN
are the English equivalents for:
(id^)

fonntc

gefonnt
gctnod^t

mod^tc
burfte
nxufetc
folltc

gcburft

miiffcn
follcn

gemufet
gefoKt

tDoHcn
Is there

tooUte

getDoKt

How

an Umlaut in the preterit and past participle? about the preterit subjunctive? What do the following expressions mean in English?

!
2,

Qii)

farm nic^t6
tnoc^teft e^
id)

bafiir*
tt)oI)I

SDu

tDiffen?

3, S)arf

te barum bitten?
f)eutc fort nad^ S)cutf(^Ianb,

4,

gr mufe
ic

5..aBa^folIba^?
6.
7.
foil fel)r reid^ gctDcfen fcin.

SBa^

toollen

ic bamit fagen?
tDtc i{)m njolle,

8.

@^

fci

bem,

9. (Sr

toeife nid^t,

toa^ er milL

SBo f)aben toir n)a^ fott e^ unb cr njcift ntd^t, toa;^ er tvxU gctiabt? Rewrite the piece by changing every singular into the
plural

and vice

versa.

inunbt>ter3tgftc 2tufgabe

mt tnit SBcirc
S^
ging auf ben 5l6enb

p
ha^

S)a tarn etn frember SWann auf

ber Sanbftrafee ]^ergefaf)ren, ber mufete grofee @ile l^aben, benn

cr f)ieb auf feine ^ferbe,
fie

laufen mufeten, mel^r a\^

fte

mod^ten,

Unb bem

SBagen tat'^ and) nid^t gut; benn ber 9Beg

211^ aber ber
l^ielt

h)ar fteinig
einf)oIte,

unb uneben*

9Kann
er

einen SBanberer
rief:

ber gu gufe einf)erging,

id^ tool)!

tiwa^ an unb

uter greunb, fann

nod^ in bie tabt

fommen,

e^e

beginners' GERMAN
e6
9lad^t

III

SBanbcr^mann \af) bic fcud^enben ^ferbe an unb ben SBagcn unb ben SSeg unb fagtc: 3ti/ ^^nn 3^^ ^iH <Jud^ tiod^ bal^in.'' S)a bad^te 3^f)r langfamer fal&rct
tdixb?'

J)er

ber anbere: J)a^

ift

ein red^ter ?larr!

rt)eiter

^'e fd&neller, befto ef)er!"

unb ranntc mit feinem SSagen unb

211^ aber biefer fctnc^ d^rttte^ eine

bcm i^^feganger t)orau6 tunbc todttv gcgangen

er eine ^utfdje

e^ fc^on jicmlid^ bunfel tDar,

S)ie ^utfd^e

fal^

am

SBege

liegen.

lam

tl^m befannt t)or,

unb ben 9Wann, ber

fd^Ied^ten

baneben ftanb unb auf

[eine

armen ^ferbe unb auf ben

tt)oi)l

SBagen

fd^intpfte,

erfannte er aud^ tDieber.

uter greunb/'
langfamer

fprad^ er, td^ l^ab'^ (Sud^

fal^ren fotten^

gefagt, ^'f)v f)attet

^l^r burftet nid^t fo fd^nett fafiren^

id^

^d^ mufe

6ud^ nun einen SBagen f)erau^fenben, tDenn

in bie

tabt

fomme/'
211^ ber Si^fegcinger

am

folgenben 9Korgen

im

a[tf)aufe, too

er gefd^Iafen l^atte, auftDad^te

unb gum genfter

baf)ev.

J^inau^fal^,

fam

langfam unb lal^m ein SBagen

J)en fannte ber SBan=

leib, bie iiber 9lad^t

ber^mann, unb e^ taten il^m nur

nid^t^ gefreffen l^atten.

bie

^ferbe

SBieilberfefeen

ie

,,@ile

mit

SBeile'^?

^emanb,

ber

(gile '()at, ift eilig*

l^at, ift

@in 3Beg, ber teine

SBa6 tut

SBie iiberfe^en ie: e^ tut mir auc^ nid^t leib?

ein SSanberer?

SBo

l^aben tDir ttjanbem gelernt?

fiir

2Ba^

ein

9Kann

ift

ein i5^feganger?
bie Sutfc^e ba^felbe?

inb
SSo

bet

SBagen unb

SBa^ tufeinSBagner?
l&aben n)ir t bunfelt gel^abt?

112

beginners' GERMAN

9Bar e^ fd^on Slbenb ober iDurbc e^

crft

Slbenb?

SBer fam auf ber ganbftrafee gefal^ren?

SBa^
9Ben SBar

tat ber

9Kann?
fteinlo^

SBanim?
unb eben?

2Bar ber 2Beg

traf ber frembe

btefer

Tlann?

ju ^ferbe?

2Banntt)oIIte ber

5D?annmba^ nad^fteSorf fommen?

aud^ nod^ bai)in?

SBoIIte ber

SBanber^mann

aBa^

fagte er?

SBte lautete bte SlnttDort be^ ^^l^rmann^?

aSartete ber

9Kann auf ben SBanberer?

fdEion,

gul^r iener balb ab?

unfelte e^

al^ ber SSanberer eine .Sutfd^e

im SBege
^annte
SSa^
2Bar

liegen faf)?

er ben

SBagen unb ben 9Kann?

93Barum?

tat biefer?
er gornig?

2Ben mu^te ber SSanberer gum gnl^rmann fenben?

SBann unb

iDie

tarn ber

SSagen
gu

enblid^

an?

SBarum

taten

bem

gufegcinger bie ^ferbe leib?

fel^r

-3ft e^ ber 9Wiif)e iDert, fid^

gu beeilen?

8of)nt e^ ftc^?
(Srjdl^Ien

ie

bie

gange efd^td^te!

Sefen

ie

biefelbe laut bor!

d^reiben ie {e^t eine Slrbeit bariiber!

rjctl^Ien

ie

bie efd^ic^te guerft al^

gi^finnann,

bann

al^ SBanberer!

NOTE

How How

is

the present participle formed?

declined?

is it

beginners' GERMAN
Illustrate.

II3

Observe:

td^ tDcife,

bu

tdci^t, er tDcife, h3ir tDtffen, etc.

n)tffen, tDufete, getDufet.

Give the principal parts of ttliffctt in sentences. any similarity between the conjugation of and some other verbs? Is there any' difference between:
Is there
ge{)en

id^ toctfe

ie ^in, and fommen ie ^cr? What

is it?

How
mctttt,

do you distinguish between the conjunctions

Illustrate.

taatttt^

aU?
verbs?
are

Are verbs
iliary

of

motion always expressed

after

modal aux-

Illustrate.

Why

fennen

brennen rennen

fetiben

brinGcn, brad^te, gebrad^t

benfen, bad^te, gebad^t

ncnncn
irregular

tt^enben

weak verbs?

Why

are

they

sometimes

called

mixed verbs? Give their principal parts in sentences. Note the difference between:
:

td^ {)(ittc id^ f)(ittc

e^ gcfoUt,

and

e^ tun fallen.

Illustrate the use of the

iliary

two past

participles of all aux-

verbs of

mood by

original sentences.

Give the synopsis of

id^

all

modal auxiliaries as follows:

barf nteinen J^reunb befud^en,

burfteft bcinen

bu

greunb

befud^en,
biirfen,

cr tDtrb feinen

greunb be[ud^en

tDir I)aben unferc

tf)r l^attct

greunbe befud^en

biirfen,

cure greunbe befud^en biirfcn,

if)rc

fie

tDiirben

greunbe

l^afien befud^en biirfcn*

114

BEGINNERS GERMAN
direct questions or statements in this story

Change the

into indirect ones.

Rewrite the whole story by changing the preterit:

1.

into the perfect tense, into the present.

2.

^tDCtun&r>ier3igfte 2lufgabe
2)rci ?f tcunbc

@in 5D?ann
mit

l^attc brei

greunbe;

jlDci t)on tl^ncn licbtc er fel^r;

ber brittc tDar if)m

if)m mcintc,

glctci^giiltig, obtdoi)! bicfer

e^

am

el^rlid^ften

Sitter

Sage^ touxht
gel^en

cr t)or crid^t geforbert,

,,SBcr unter euc^/'

n)o cr unfd^ulbig, aber ^art bcrflagt n)ar

fprad^ er,

rt)itl

mit mir

unb

fiir

mic^ geugen?

enn
mit

ic^

bin

l^art t)erflagt h)orbcn,"

3)er erfte feiner grcunbe entf($iil=

efd^cifte ntd^t

bigte fid^ foglcid^,

gel^en fonne*
l^aufe^;

ba^ er tDcgen anberer

if)n

if)m

S)er gtDeite begleitete

bi^ gur Jiir be^ 9ti(^t^

ba

fel^rte er

um

unb ging au^

i^urc^t t)or

bem jormgen
Don

SJid^ter
l^atte,

ynvM.

J)er britte, auf ben er

rebete fiir tl^n

am

tcenigften gebaut

ging

l^inein,

nnb

geugte fo frenbig
9ti(^ter

feiner

Unfd^ulb,

bafe

ber

9Kann bom

freigefproc^en

tourbe,
S)rei
fie

greunbe
in ber

l^at

ber 2)?enf(^ in biefer SBelt,

SBie betragen
t)or

fic^

tunbe
il^m^

be6 Zobe^, ft)enn

il^n

ott

erid^t

forbert?
gel^t nid^t
il^n

J)a6 elb, fein befter grennb, berlafet

tl^n guerft

unb

mit

(Seine 25ern)anbten

unb greunbe

begleiten

bi^ jur Jiir be^

rabe6 unb
oft

fel^ren tDieber in tl^re

^dufer.

3)er britte, ben er

iDol^ltdtigen SBerfe.

im ^tbtn
ie
gefien

am

meiften t)erga6, ftnb feine

allein begleiten il^n bi^

gum

2^f)rone

be^ SJid^ter^;
Sarm{)erjigfeit

fie

boran,

fpred^en

fiir

il^n

unb finben

unb @nabc
3.. Berber.

beginners' GERMAN
9Ba^ tut cm
Scugctt
9?id^ter ttn cric^t?

II5

fieifet fiir

ober gegen icntanbcn fprcd^cn^

l^at, ift

^emanb,
iffia^

ber d^ulb

fd^ulbig.
i[t

@tncr, ber feinc

c^ulb ^at,

tut ein d^ulbiger?

bittet eiu

(gr

ftd^,

9Borum
ober

d^ulbiger?

(gr bittet

um

um

S3

ift

SBa^
er?

filr

ein

9Wauu
l^at, ift

ein gomiger

9Kann? 3ut:nt

SBer i^vtuht

SBer feine greube

l^at, ift

@r

233a^ tut ein freubiger 9Kenfd^?

fid^*

9Bie biele greunbe ^atte ein

9Wann?
ben britten?

atte er

alte gleid^

gem?

atte er gmei

i)on ifinen liefter al^

Ober

l^atte er

ben britten

am

Ite6ften?

SBie ftanb er

gum

britten?

aSer toav ber

e^rlid^fte

unter feinen greunben?

t)or

9Bann

tDurbe ber

Warm

erid^t gerufen?

2Be6^aIb?

SBorum
aSomit

bat er feine greunbe?

entfd^ulbigte
fid^

ber erfte

greunb?

SBie todt ging ber gtreite mit?

SBe^lDegen h)anbte er fid^?

aBa^

tat ber britte

greunb, ber ilim

am

gleid

giiltigften

toax?

SBer fprad^ ben 9Kann frei?

SSon tDem touxht er freigefprod^en? SBer finb
bie brei gt^eunbe, bie
tt)iv

l^aben?

Il6

BEGINNERS GERMAN
SBic bef)anbelt bcr
ber S^obe^ftunbe?
erfte

greunb hen

93?enf(i^en in

ef)en bie jtDciten greunbe bi6 gur rabe^tiir

mit?

SBie

f)cifet

ber britte

greunb be^ SWenfc^en?

J^olgt tl^m biefer bi^

sum

Siic^tertl^ron?

SBa^

crtDtrft er fiir

ben SWenfc^en?

rjal^Ien

ie

bie ganje gabel!

Sefen

ie ba^

tiidf

d^reiben ie e^!

NOTE
Supply the missing relative pronoun in: greunbe if)n liebten, tDurbe eine^ Sage^ t)er!Iagt. @in SJJann, What is the difference in the use of cases between:

eine^

Xaqt and jcbcn Xaq?

PASSIVE

mxbt bu Future Perfect mir Pluperfect Cond.

Present
id)

feinetiDegen t^erflagt.

Preterit

tDurbeft feinettnegen Derflagt*

er h)irb feinettDegen berflagt toerben.

finb feinettDegen berflagt tporben.

xi)x

toavt feinetlDegen t)erflagt iDorben,

tDiirben feinetmegen t)erflagt tt)orben fein.

Perf.

fte

What

is

the auxiliary in the formation of the true passive

voice of action?
Is there a so-called passive of description or* condition,

where the past participle has adjective force?

E.g.
er tDurbe t)erflagt

er h)ar t)erflagt

he was being accused, but he was accused (an accused person, he

had been accused).

beginners' GERMAN
Distinguish similarly between:

II7

ic

S^ilren

merben

gefd^Ioffen (geoffnct),

and

bie 2:ilren finb gefd^Ioffen (geoffnet).

How

is

the English ^^by" in connection with the passive

Illustrate.

rendered in German?

Change

in the last paragraph, as far as possible, the active

into the passive, both orally

and in writing. Change the direct speech of the man into indirect discourse, and the indirect speech of the first friend into direct

speech.

Dretunbpterjigfte 2lufgabe

te

l^ol^eren

^nabenfc^ulen be^ eutfd^en dtd6)t^ gcrfatten

in t}mnaften, Ofealgijtnnaften

unb Oberreatfd^ulen.
^urfu^.

Wt

btefe

Slnftaltcn tiaben einen neunial^rigen

S)ie d^iiler ber

erften Slnftalt l^etfeen ijmnaftaften, bie ber stDeiten: dttalQt^m^

naftaften,

unb

bie

ber britten Slnftalt: Oberrealfd^iiler*

l^etfeen

S)te

^laffen in alien brei d^ulen

t)on

unten auf: eyta,

Unterfefunba,

Outnta,

Ouarta,

Untertertia,

Obertertia,

Oberfefunba, Unterprima unb Oberprtma.

9^ad^ beftanbener

Unterfefunba ober nac^ [ec^^ ^ai)vtn erl^alten bie iungen Seute

ba^ (gtniaf)rig=greitr)tlltge^3eugnt^

jum

9JftIitarbien[t.

9^a(

beftanbenem enbglilttgen (gfamen iDirb ber Oberprimaner 2lbi^

turient

unb mufe gu

alien

Umberfitcit^ftubien

an

alien

21

beutfc^en Unttjerfttciten
3ugelaf[en t^erben*

unb an

bm

10

ted^ntfd^en ^od^fd^ulen

^n

alien I)oI)eren Seliranftalten ti3erben

ef(^t(i^te,
gelel^rt*

Seutf(^,

arjatf)emattf,

9^aturtDtffenf(^aften,

@rb:=

funbe, ^Religion, 3^t(finen,

ingen unb Jurnen

ie

anberen Sel^rfad^er,

b.

i).

bie

fremben prad^en, finb

fo tjerteilt,

Il8

beginners' GERMAN
ht^

ba^ ?atcin, rted^tfd^ unb grangoftfd^ auf ben ^mnaften

trieben
tDcrben,

auf

ben

3JeaIgt)mnaften

gatein

unb neuere

prad^en, nctmlid^ granaoftfd^ unb nglifd^, unb auf ben Cber=

realfd^ulen

nur

bie

neueren prad^en*

ie

(f)uler finb beim

gintritt gelnofinltd^ neun bi^ jefin ^'afire alt

unb

f)aben brei bi^

bier ^al^re^furfe ber 33oIf6fd^uIe, ober eine S3orfd^uIe t)on brei=

ial^riger

Saner,

fed^^

Jage

bie
elf

SBod^e,

burd^gemad^t

3)ie gerien

bauem

gemoJ^nlid^

SBod^en, b. ^. Oftern jmei

SBod^en, ^fingften eine SBod^e, grofee omnterferien bier bi^

fiinf ilBod^en,

Wi^adi^

eine bi^ jtnei SBod^en

unb

SBeil^nad^ten

jtDei

SBod^en*

S)er Slbiturient einer l^ol^eren beutfd^en Sef)r*

anftalt biirfte fo gut n)ie ein

Junior eine^ amerifanifd^en col-

lege borgebilbet

fein*

ie 9Kabd^en befud^en
d^enfd^ulen.

gelnol^nlid^

fogenannte $o{)ere 9)?ab^

^eijt gibt e^ aud^ einige 2Wabd)engl}mnafien, n)el(^e

tt)ie

ben d^iilerinnen biefelben S3ered^tigungen erteilen

fpred^enben f)6l^eren ^nabenfd^ulen*

bie ent^

Stagcn
2Bie biele Slrten t)on
fd^ulen gibt e^?
l^ol^eren

beutfd^en

^naben^

SBie

fieifeen

biefelben

unb beren driller?

neun

SBie nennt

man

bie driller ber berfd^iebenen

^laffen?

ie iungen eutfd^en miiffen 2 ober 3 Qai)vt

bat fein

oU

im ^eere
nur

ober in ber SKarine*

i!Be^f)aIb?

iEBer braud^t

ein ^ai)v gu bienen?

!Darf ein Slbiturient iiberatt ftubieren?

SBie biele beutfd^e Uniberfitaten fennen ie?

eben ie

bie

gemeinfamen

Sel^rfad^er ber l^ol^eren

d^ulen an!

beginners' GERMAN
SBic ncnnt

IIQ

man

rbfunbe

fonft nod^?
^l^tjfif

ic

SBotanif,

bit

^oologic,

unb l^cmic
gc^

[tub 9iaturn)iffcnfci^aftcn

SBcId^c

prad^en tocrbcn auf bcm ^mnafium

le^rt?
SBcId^e auf

bcm Stealgtjmnaftum?
auf bcr Obcrrcalfd^ulc?
bie

Unb

tDelc^c
ift

SBelc^e^

SBorbilbung ber f)o^ercn ci^iller?

3n

tDcId^em Sllter

fommen

ftc

gelDotinUd^ in bic

i)oi)txtn

d^ulcn?
in 3)cutf(^Ianb fiinftcigigcn Untcrrid^t

^at man
Sagen
SBie

rt)0(^entltd^

obcr n)irb in eutfd^Ianb an fcd^^

untcrric^tet?

SBic tdtxbm bie gerien eingeteilt?

gut

tDcrben

bie

f)6f)eren

collier

au^ge^

bilbet?

2Ba^ fonnen ie
(Srjal^Ien

iiber bie 9Wabd^enfd^uIen

fagen?

ie

alte^,

tda^

ie

iiber

bie

]^6f)eren

beutfd^en d^ulen njiffen!

SSergleid^en

ie

bie

beutfd^en

d^ulen mit ben

amerifanifd^en d^ulen!
?efen

ie ha^

tildf je^t in

^^xtm

S3ud&e nad^!

d^reiben ie einen Heinen Stuff a^ bariiber!

NOTE
In what number are the names of the great holidays used
in

German?

E.g. SBeif)nac^ten, etc.

Substitute for jerfatten the verb eintdten. Substitute for l^ei^en the verb nennen.
nac^, use the

In the two sentences which begin with the preposition conjunction nad^bem, orally and in writing.

I20

BEGINNERS GERMAN
in all persons

Change into the passive

and

tenses:

i^ nel^me mein 93u(^,

id)

offne

mein

58uc^, 93nd^,
!)in

id) fdjiiefee
id) lege

mein

mein ^ud)

E.g.

9Wein (ba^) ^nd)

tt)irb tjon

mir genommen,

etc.

t)terunbt)ter3igfte

2lufgabe

2)ie 2)eutf^ett in Slmcrifa

eutfd^e finb in ber ganjen SBelt gu finben*

naf)e

ie

jal^Ien bei^

100

9}JiItionen,

Don benen

nngefctl^r

68

2)?iIIionen

in

entfd^Ianb nnb 15 9KiIIionen in Cfterreid^ inol^nen^

and) Diele 3)entf(f)e in ber
5af)l S)entf(^er
(Sd)ii3eij

@^

gibt

nnb in Jfn^Ianb,

3)ie grofete

taaten^

im Sln^Ianb finbet man in ben S3ereinigten d)on *ipenn bvad)U, aU er fic^ 1682 in "ipenn^^
biele

f^banien

nieberliefe,

entf($e, fianptfad^IicO JRI^einpfaljer,

18. ^cil^rl^unbert^
inieber

mit, benen
lid)t

im

erften rittel be^

bdxdd)U
er==

d^aren

folgten, bie
ift

immer

nenen ?ta(^f($nb

l^ielten.

.^ntereffant

e^,

ha^ ein entfc^er, namen^ ^eter

tnirflic^en

9Kinnit,
g)orf

1626 jnm
h^nrbe,

erften

ontiernenr t)on

Sleti)

getnctl^It

nac^bem

er

bie

22

englifd^e

Onabrat^
ben

meiten gro^e ^nfel aWanl^attan

fiir

100 W:avt
Don btn

t)on

^n^

bianem

gefanft

l^atte.

d^on im ^ai)ve 1787

bie

bilbete fid^ einc

bentfd^e efeltfd^aft in 5Retn g)orf,

angefel^enften

bentfd^en ^anflenten

nnb rnnbbefi^em

begrllnbet iDorben inar

unb

t)on il^nen nnterftii^t tonrbe.

a^

^ai)x

1848 bvad)U
il^nen,

t)iele

entfd^e nad^ Slmcrifa.

@iner

ber beften
n)ie trener

bon

^arl d^nrj,

ein ebenfo gnter entfd^er

Diel^

Siirger ber 33ereinigten taaten, bef)anbelte in

BEGINNERS GERMAN
Bcad^tetcr SRebc ben influ^ be^

121
btc

eutfd^tum^ auf

Union

unb

jeigte babei,

tt)ie

frctfttg

bte 35eutfc^:=2Imerifaner

an bem

gortfd^ritt be^ f)umanen eifte^ in Slmerifa mitgeh)irft f)aben.

Unter anberem fagte

er, bafe bie

eutfd^en bie ^flege ber ^unft

unb be^ efange^ mitgebrad)t

onnenfc^ein eine^
,,9^i(^t

l^atten, fo

ha^

bie $Ka[t t)on ber

Strbeit in alien ^laffen be^ 93oIfe^ mef)r

l^eiteren

unb mel^r

t)on

bem

geben^genuffe^ burc^Iend^tet tnerbe^

allein tdiv," fo fagte

^arl d^urg, ,,fonbem

erft

je^t aud^

eine

2)?ef)rja]^I

bon benen, beren SSomrteil

fic^ biefer

iibertonnben

tDerben mnfete, freut

Sefefirung

jum

grol^finn."

Unb

toie

anf amerifanifd^em

Soben

ein entfc^er in bef(^ei=

bener SBeife bie S3erbienfte ber eutfd^en

um

bie 5Sereinigten

taaten betonte,

fo tat bie^ in h)eit frfiftigerer lrt ein Slmeri^^

faner anf bentfd^er (grbe,

gentlic^

unb

gtoar 3:f)eobore 9?oofet)eIt gele=

feiner

Sorlefung in ber iBerliner Unit)erfitat

am

12.

9Wai 1910.
t)olIer

@r

bemerfte, ba^ er in biefe^ ?anb t)on rul^m^^

S5ergangenf)eit

unb

glctnjenber egentx)art al^

lngef)o^

riger eine^ inngen SSoIfe^

(ginflufe

au^geiibt: 2)er
faft

fomme, auf ba^ 3)eutfd^lanb grofeen beutfd^e 5lnteil an unferem i8Iut ift
ift

grofe,

benn

bon SInbeginn an

ba^ beutfd^e Element unter

ben einanber folgenben SBogen Don Slnfommlingen, beren ^in^

be^tinber in bie dmerifanifd^e Station Derarbeitet iDorben finb

unb nod^

loerben, grofe getnefen;

unb

id^ felbft fuf)re

meine W)^

ftammung auf
toir l^aben

{enen

3^^i9

ber

9lieberbeutfd[)en guritdf,
f)at.

Wd^tv

^ollanb au^ ber 9Jorbfee emporgel^oben

Unb

noc^ mctjV,

bon

ifinen nid^t

nur einen

grofeen Seil be^ iBIute^,

ba6 burd^ unfere 5lbem rinnt, entnommen, fonbem aud^ einen

grofeen Jeil ber ebanfenn^elt, burd^ toeld^e unfere enfarbeit

beftimmt
Syjan

toirb."

nimmt

an, ba^ in ben S?ereinigten taaten nal^e an

brei aWillionen in eutfd^lanb geborene

3ci]^l alter

^erfonen

h)of)nen.

S)ie
i).

au^ beutfd^en gamilien ftammenben

S3etoof)ner, b.

122
jencr,

beginners' GERMAN
bcrcn Bcibc

Item ober bcren

ift

SBatcr obcr SKuttcr in

ntdf}!

Scutfd^Ianb geboren tDurbcn,

gu
l^od& flefd^dfet;

abcr nttt ncun 9}JiIIioncn

ba^ mad^t ben jel^nten Jeil ber efamtbedol^

9lad& !Dcutf^Ianb

fcrung au^,

aU mitmad)t," 6.

837.

SBo
SBie
SBie

ftnb bie cutfd^en gn finbcn?

t)ielc
t)ielc

S)entfd^e

gfil^It

man im

gangen?

gintrol^ner

f)at

entfd^Ianb?

Unb
28a^

bic SBcreinigten
t)ielc

taaten?

SBer brad^te
fiir

entfd^e mit nad^ Slmerifa?

?anb^Ientc tDaren bie^ junt grofe ten

Xdl?

aSeld^er eutfd^e tDurbe gnerft in Slmerifa offent^

lid^ geel^rt?

Sffiogn iDurbe er Qttdaf)lt?

SBie

l^iefe

ber

taat ^tto

2)orf guerft?

Unb

h)ie bie

tabt?
beiaf)ltt

iffiie t)iele

oltar

^eter 9Kinuit

fiir

9Wan^

l&attan?

3n

hjeld^em S'al^re be^ nennjel^nten 3a]^rf)nnbert^

biele

famen
2Ba6

entfd^e nad^ Stmerifa?

SBamm?
(Slai)

n)iffen

ie bon ^arl d^nrj?

<^ennen ie feine Siid^er liber $enr^

Slbral^am Sincoln?

unb

fatten ie

if)n fiir

einen grofeen

9Kann?

?ebt ^axl d^urj nod^?

at

er ie ein offentlid^e^

2lmt befleibet?

SBeld^e

Jugenben

fiaben bie eutfd^en nad^ Slme^

rifa mitgebrad^t?

SBeld^er grofee
Sinflufe

Slmerifaner betonte ebenfaE^ ben

ber 3)eutfd^en auf

nnb

bie

S3erbienfte

berfelben urn bie S3ereinigten

taaten?

beginners' GERMAN
SBo iDurbc
SBie
ift

1 23

biefc 9?ebc gel^alten?

SBann?

S)eutf(^Ianb^ S^ergangcnfieit?

SBte feinc egenmart?

2Ba^ benfen ic

t)on

eutfd^Ianb^ S^f^ri\t?

aben
SBeld^er

t)iele

Slmerifaner beutfd^e^ Slut in il^rcn

3lbcm?
Slbftammung
ift

Sfieobore SRoofebelt?
folteti

SBie Diele eutf(^=ltnertfaner

einigten

in ben 33cr*

taaten tDof)nen?
ie,
tt)a6

@rsaf)len

@ic

liber

bie

S)eut[d^en

in

lmerifa gu fagen f)aben!

Sefen ie bie arftettung!

eben ie

bie 23Bieberf)oIung berfelben [d^riftlic^!

NOTE
SSermanbeIn ie bie inbireft gegebene 9?ebe bon ^art d^ur^ in
birefte $Rebe!

Unb
fungen!

htn bireft gegebenen

a^

in inbirette 5Rebe!
fd^riftlid^,

SSermanbeIn ie, miinblic^ unb

9Ioofet)eIt^

Semer^

SBie.iiberfefeen

ie:

eutfc^e finb iiberatl gu finben^

a^
3c^

ift

nid^t gu glauben!

l)abe e^ fagen {)oren,

a^ taftt fxd) {)offen (possibility). Q^ ttjurbe ben lieben langen S:ag gegeffen unb
Observe:

getrunfen*

9Man

finbet

t)iete

Slu^tttnber in biefem Sanbe^

(Sine efellfd^aft tiilbet fi^.

Is the passive

used as

much

in

German

as

it is

in English?

Does every verb form a personal passive

in

German?

124

beginners' GERMAN

Is the passive always used

How

does the

when the agent is expressed? German avoid the passive voice, and what
English in the use of the passive.

substitutes are used?

Observe the
Active:

flexibility of

He gave me a pencil. @r gab ntir einen S3Ieiftift*

Mix murbe
ein S3Ieifttft t)on if)m gegeben*

Passive: I was given a pencil (a pencil was given me).

5unfunbr)ter3tgfte 2lufgabe
(Review)
2)eutfrf|Ianb iificr attc^
1.

3)eutf(^Ianb, eutfd^Ianb ilber

liber alle^ in ber SSelt,

ato,

SBenn

e^ ftet^ ju

d^u^ unb Jru^e

bte

S3ruberltd^ Sufammenf)alt,

25on ber SKaa^ bi^ an

9WemeI,

S?on ber gtfc^ bi^ an ben Selt.

S)entfc^Ianb, eutfd^lanb iiber alte^,
liber alle^ in ber SSelt!

2.

S)eutf(^e granen, bentfd^e Jrene,

eutfc^er SSein unb beutfd^er

ang

ollen in ber 2BeIt

befialten

3^]^ren alten fc^onen .^lang,

Un^

ju ebler 2:at begeiftem

Unfer gan^e^ Seben lang*

entfd^e grauen, bentfd^e Jrene,
!J)ent[(^er

SBein unb beutfd^er ang!

beginners' GERMAN
Sitiigfeit

12$

unb dtt^t unb

J^^^tl^^it

gur ba^
attach

beutfd^e SSaterlanb,
lafet

un^

alte ftreben

SBruberlid^ tnit

^ers unb ^anb!

ginigfeit

unb

9?e(^t

unb

gretf)eit

inb

be^ liide^ Unterpfanb.

nW im
te
2)te
S)te

lanje

btefe^ lilde^,

S3Iuf)c beutfd^e^ SSaterlanb!

Hoffmann
unb

t)on Sallcr^Icbcn.

2)?aa^, bie 2JJenteI

ift

bie (gtfd^ [tub gliiffc.

S)ie gjJaa^

im SBeften bon eutf($Ianb. 2Bo? aWemel ift tm Often eutfd^Ianb^. (gtfd^ ift im ilben don eutfc^Ianb, unb bcr
im 9^orben don
iBaltifd^e 2)?eer

Selt, fojufagen ein Seil be^ S3altifc^en 5D?eere^,

ift

eutfci^Ianb*
gett)o^nIi($ bie Oftfee*

S)a^

l^eifet

3ft bie 2)?emel auf beutfd^em iBoben?

SBo

liegen bie anberen ert)(iffer?

alle^ auf ber

3eigen ie

Cartel
S)eutfd^Ianb^

aSarum

fieifet

e^

im Often

unb

nic^t

don eutf(^Ianb?

2Ba6 fann
iffiie

man
ie

anftatt ftet^ noc^ fagen?

toiirben

ie ju d^u^ unb 3:ru^ au^briiden?

{e^t

SBerftel^en

ba^ ?ieb?

ingen ie

e^!

?emen ie
fo

e^ filr bie nad^ften

tunben

au^lDenbig,

ha^ ie e^ aud^ fd^reiben fonnen!

Hoffmann don

galter^Ieben

ift

ber id^ter biefe^

(feit

5RationalIiebe6 ber eutfd^en

1871), ba^

auc^ 2)a^ Sicb ber ^eutfd&en genannt toirb*

126

beginners' GERMAN
S)ic aWelobie rill^rt

Don ^atjhn

f)tx

unb

tft

glcid^^

Seitig bie 9WeIobic fiir bie ofterrcid^ifd^e S^ational^

l^^tnne: ,,ott er^altc ^^xaxii

ben ^aifer^''

5cdjsunbDter3tgfte

^ufgabe

S)eutfc^tattb^ Stettung in bcr aBcttrt)irtf(^aft

3n
IBoIfe

ben 3^iten ber SBoIfemanbemng

innetDol^nenbe SBanbertrieb
bie

l^at

ber

bem

bentfc^en

ermanenfttintme nad^
^talien^
granfreid^,
l^inein

bem iiben unb

panien unb
'h)ieber

SBeften

gefiil^rt,

nad^

Slfrifa,

bann

tief

bi^ nad^

Ungarn

unb

norbmart^ nad^ Snglanb.

Unb

fd^on balb nad^ ber (gtni=

rgung ber beutfd&en

fenfaifern,
t)e^

tamme

unter ben erften fraftbotten @ad^[pater in ber 3^it

bann unter ben ^ol^enftaufen unb

Seutfd^^errenorben^ erlDiefen bie 5)eutfd^en i^ren S3emf

^olonifatoren ber 9lorb^ unb Oftmarfen in
l^eifeen

aU

^ampfen
^reuj^

gegen SBenben unb ^reufeen,

Tlit ber eh)innung ber Oftfee

begann
jiige,

bie iBIiltejeit ber beutfd^en

^anfa.

3^^

cS^it ber

aU

bie italienifd^en ^anbel^ftdbte mel^r in ben SSorber^

bllil^ten bie SBoJ^npIct^e

grunb traten,

im Uben

S)eutfd^lanb^

auf: SBien, Slug^burg,

Ulm unb

9^iimberg

S)ie Sntbedfung neuer ^anbel^tDege

am

Stu^gang be6 9WitteI'

altera fanb bie S)eutfd^en nid^t untcttig, n)enngleid^ bie

fd^en

romani^
ben

9?ationen,
l^atten,

bie

^ortugiefen

unb

panier,
bie

baran

^auptteil
reid^e

^n^befonbere tDaren

gugger unb

SBelfer,

^aufteute in Slug^burg, beftrebt, bie neuen

fid^

ffierfel^r^der^

l^ciltniffe

bienftbar su madden,

ie
fid^

tiaben

glotten au^

fpanifd^en C^afen au^gel^en ta[fen

tDiirgfianbel
beteiligt,

unb

am

fpanifd^en

e=

ja

felbft

gu (groberungen unb Slnfiebe*

[ie

lungen auf frembem SBoben finb

tDurbe
be[e^t

[ortge[d^ritten

S3enejuela

unb foHte

rid^tiger

SBeI[erIanb

tieifeen.

oc^

beginners' GERMAN
ol^nc

1 2/

Untcrftil^ung burd^ ba^ dtd^, bent cine glotte

fefilte,

n)nrben bie beutfd^en ^olonifatoren

intmer

ntel^r

au^ i^ren
be^

^anbel^bejiel^ungen berbrangt^
reifeigiftl&rigen

!Dte 8rauent)oIten 3^iten

^riege^ Dollenbeten

bm

SSerfalt be^ beutfd^en

riff en

^anbete ju 8anb unb gur ee*

ba^ bentfd^e 6rbe an
fid^

^^oHanb nnb gnglanb

SBol^I berfud^te ber rofee ^nrfiirft,

tioav

ber in ber c^nle ber ^ottanber ]^erangen)ad^fen

unb

bie

33ebeutung be^ 9Keere^ al^ Ouelle ber 33oIfergr6fee fennen ge^

lemt

ijattt,

bie

d^opfung einer ^anbel^flotte unb

bie

riin=
trofe

bung

einer ^olonie in SBeftafrifa^

^m S'al^re

1683 tdavb

be^ infprud^^ eiferfiid^tiger SKcid^te t)on einem 2:eile ber ^lifte

33efife

ergriffen,

ba^ i^ort ro6=griebrid^^burg

erric^tet,

unb
3lber

t)er]^eifeung^t)oIIe

anbel^besief)ungen tDurben eroffnei

fd^on fein 9?ad^foIger, ber erfte preufeifd^e

l^atte
fiir

^onig

griebrid^ I*^

biefe

33eftrebungen iDenig ^tttereffe,

unb

griebrid^

2BiIf)eIm
S3efife

L, ber 33ater griebric^^ be^ rofeen,

bie

t)erfaufte feinen
fiir

an

^oIIanbifd^-SBeftinbifd^e

^ontpagnie

6000

ufaten.

Uber 200 ^al^re

litt

ba^ beutfd^e 3Solf unter feinen ungliidf^

feligen politifd^en SSerl^altniffen; e^

mar meerfremb

gen)orben^

unb

bent SJiidfgang be^ gelDerblid&en ?eben^ folgte nottDenbiger^

meife ber be^ geiftigen^

9^ur langfant bereitete

dttif)t

fic^

ber Sintritt !Deutfd^Ianb6 in bie

\)ov.

ber 9[BeIt{)anbeI^ntad^te

S)er

inn

fiir

frembe^

SSoIf^tunt

unb

frentbe

(gigenart

Wax

in !Deutfd^Ianb intnter
tioax bie

rege, leiber oft gu feinem

d^aben>

Slufeerbem
allmfifilid^

^ennt-

ni^ ber frentben prad^en bei un^

breitung
gelangt
tt)ie

gu fold^er SSer^
unntittelbare

faunt

anber^lDO,
ber

!Die

SSeranlaffung

jur

SnttDidflung
tiouxbe

iiberfeeifd^en

^ntereffen

eutfd^Ianb^ aber
fftd^Iid^

bie

beutfd^e

Hu^tDanberung; l^aupt^

nad^ 9?orbanterifa
l^aben
ntefir

eit betn Slnfang be^ 19 ^af)x^

aWiHionen S)eutfd^e
fid&

l^unbert^

aU 5

neue

128
SGBol^nfx^e
tt)o iefet

beginners' GERMAN

ber ^xemiic, f)auptfa(^lt(^ in 9^orbamertfa, gefiid^t,

8-9

ajjiltionen eutfc^e leben,

ie
tft

tDirtfc^aftlid^e (gtn=

bufee, bie unfer S?aterlanb baburd^ eriitt,

grofe.

Slnberfeit^

aber finb e^ in erfter ?inie bie SSerfefir^bejie^ungen jn Slmerifa

getnefen,
bie

ben ^anbel nnferer anfaftabte tDieber empor^

ber
oftlid^en

brad^ten^

SInf

^albfngel iDurbe perft Sf)inap

3aptJti offnete gu S3eginn ber 60er
feine
bie

bann 3nbien
3abre be6
S3erfe^r

erf(^Io[fen,

unb

t)origen 3ai^t*[)unbert^

^afen bent bentfc^en

Don eutfd^Ianb an^^

^cutt

t)oI{enb^

nmfpannen

laufenben S5er!e]^r^faben, bie je^t anc^ nad) 5lnftralien nnb ber

xibfee ]^innbersief)en, ben gangen (grbball

eit 53eginn ber 80er

SJeil^e

S'al^re ift

ha^ 3)entf(^e

9?eid^ in bie

ber ^olonialnxctd^te eingetreten,

unb

e^ bel^errfd^t fieute

ein ebiet

bon bem giinffad^en

feiner eignen

ro^e; e6

ftel^t

fontit unter ben ^olonialmctc^ten l^infic^tlic^ be^ gldd^eninfialt^

feiner

53efi^nngen

fd^on

an

britter

telle.

S)a^

in

ben

df)u^gebieten
2)?arf
gefd^a^t,

angelegte

Capital
(gin=

h)irb

auf

240

SKillionen

nnb beren
aWiltionen

unb

1903
t)on

bereit^

67

mart
1904
erreid^t

betmg SSom efamttDerte be^

lu^fuf)rf)anbel
bie

beutfd^en

Slu^enl^anbel^,

ber

getnaltige

umme
auf ben

12,2 9KiItiarben 9Karf

l^at,

entfallen |

eel^anbeL

3n
bie

Stmerifa, befonber^ in Tlittth

unb iibanterifa,

befifeen

eutfd^en bebeutenbe ^anbel^nieberlaffungen mit ^ttvaU

tigen, oft ben SBert dieler aKitlionen befi^enben

SBarenlagem.

3n

99?ittelanterifa, SBeftinbien, 9Wejifo

unb ben Sctnbem ber

Safe ber beutfd^e
beutfd^en
iiber^

fiiblid^en olbfiifte f)aben fid^ beutfd^e

erf)eblidfter

^lantagenbefifeungen ju

SBid^tigfeit

entporgefd^tnungen.

^anbel in

lnxerifa aud^ mefir

unb md)x mit bem

iiingfter
fid^

Capital arbeitet, betneifen bie in

feeifd^en

^eit errid^teten
bie

iBanfen.

Sbenfo tDenben

3)eutfd^en in ben

amerifanifd^en

Sanbem

in gunefimenbem SJJafee

bem 53au

t)on

beginners' GERMAN
(gifettbal^nen ju*
S5tele

1 29

gabrifen ftnb tnit beutfd^etn Capital

unb

bielfac^ fogar tnit beutfc^em

TOatertd
9?etd^,

etngertcf) tet.

2lu(^ Slfrifa f)at filr

ba^ eutfd^e

unb

gtDar nic^t blo^

tt)irtf($aft==

burc^ bie ^olonten, btc c6 bortfelbft beft^t, grofeen

lichen SBert.

3^

btefem (grbteil

beftel^t

eine grofeere Slngal^I

2)?it

beutfc^er

i^attovtkn

unb

e[(^aft^f)aufer*

beutfd^em
fef)r

Capital [tnb mel^rere S3a{)nen gebaut,

trcid^tlic^ tft bie

unb tDieberum

be*

Slnlage beutfd^en

^apitaB

in htn [iibafrifani^

fc^en 93?inen.

-3n Hfien finben

fid^

beutfc^e

^anbel^nieberlaf[ungen Don
gaftoreien nnb
'ipian:^

Singapore
tagen auf

bi^

3BIabi)t)o[tof,

beutfd^e

umatra unb anbern

^nfeln.

^n

d^angfiai

arbei:=

tet bie S)eutf($:=2lfiatif(^e 53anf,

unb

bie Heinafiatifci^en S3af)nen

finb

gum

grofeten SEeile ba^ SBerf beutfc^er eologen, beutfc^er

beutf(i^er ^apitaliften^

^ngenieure unb
yix(i)t

gering finb bie beutfdfien SBirtfc^aft^intereffen [ogar in

Sluftralien

unb ber

iibfee.

?eben bod^ in Sluftralien

felbft,

einfc^Iiefelic^

5neu^eelanb, iiber 100,000 eutf($e!

Sluc^

ba^

libfeegebiet
al^ e^

fommt

fiir

un6

nic^t blofe infotDeit in ^etrad^t,

gum

beutfd^en ^olonialbereid^ gef)ort

luf Xat)iti [inb

^i^dfer^^

ebenfalte gaftoreien in beutfc^em 33efi^,

unb an btn
mit

plantagen t)on ^amaii

lionen

ift

beutfd^e^ .S'apital

t)ielen

Wih

Mart

beteiligt*

SBeld^ riefenl^afte

@umme

beutfd^er ^raft, beutf c^en eifte^,

beutfc^en elbe^

ift

ba im glufe!

^aum

geringer finb

bie

93ilbung^beftrebungen be^ beutfd^en S3oIfe^ iiber

fen.

ee

gert)ad^=

9ieben ben beutfd^en ^aufleuten arbeiten beutfd^e Sefirer,

beutfc^e gorfd^er, beutfd^e Offigiere

unb

beutfd^e 5D?iffionare auf

9Wenfd^f)eit.

bem gangen (grbenrunb am gortfd^ritt ber SBie h)unberbar nun aud^ eutfd^Ianb^
getDad^fen,
toie

au^tDcirtiger .^anbel
toie

grofe

feine

Slu^manberung,
bie

iDid^tig

feine

^otonien tuerben mogen:

SBurjeIn beutfd^er ^raft unb

130

beginners' GERMAN
Im Sobcn
ber bcutfd^cn ^citnat.
f)at

bcutfd^cr rofec liegen

9iur

unablaffigc Slrbeit auf j^cimatlid^er d^oltc

SBolf toiebcrum ju 9)?ad^t

ba^ bcutfd^c
unablfifftger

unb rofee

gcflil^rt;

nur

gortfd^ritt auf alien cbietcn bc^ (gblen

abcr bic opferfreubigc ^ingabe an gilrft

c^ auci^ in fiinftigen S^^i^^
txuf fciner

unb uten, Dor alltm unb SBaterlanb tDcrbcn

erl^altcn.
SI.

6^c

^ciftbcd.

SBelttDirtfd^aft bebcutet intcmationaler

anbcL

^reussUge toaxm gj pcbitioncn

gntbcdfung

jum ^reujc, rabc,

!J)ie

ift

ba^fclbc n)ic Sluffinbung (Sr^

finbung)
etDiirjc
fieifet

auf englifd^ spices, groceries.

(cf.

Unterftii^en

l^eifet l^clfcn

English: support).

SSerbrctngen bebeutet forttreiben.

rauent)oIl
Siferfiid^tig

l^eifet

furd^tbar, fd^redHid^*

ift

mifegunftig, neibifd^*
l^eifet

25erl^ei6ung^t)o(t

t)oIl

t)on

SJerl^^ifeungcn,

SScrfpred^ungen, rtDartungen.
2)ie Siubufee bebeutet S3erluft

(ma^ berloren

ift)

gorfd^er finb 2)?anner ber SBiffenfd^aft, elel^rte.

Unablaffig

l^eifet

anbauernb, fortiDafirenb.

!Die d^otte

ift

ber S3oben, bie @rbe,

l^eifet

Opferfreubig fein
gu bringen;

freubig (iDilten^) fein,

Opfer

fid^

l^ingeben; alte^

tun tDoHcn*
2Rarf?

SBarum
$Die

fagt

man:

Diele 9)?iIIionen

garben ber beutfd^en ga{)ne

finb fd^hjarj, h)ei6,

rot*

SUPPLEMENTARY READING
(Lessons 36-41)
5Priti5 aBili^elm

al^ fjrcunb bcr Kinber

51B ^aifcr SBil^cIm IL noc^

fc^ritt cr

aU

^ring in ^ot^bam

Icbte,

an einem Slbenb furj bor SBciJ^nad^tcn

o{)ne ^Segleitung

burd^ bic trafeen.

fal^

cr

t)or

bent d^aufenfter cine^

bic

pieln)aren8efd^aft^ gmei

^naben

ftefien,

mit

fcl^nfiici^tigcn

iBIidcn bic
trat f)ingn

bort au^gclcgtcn ^crrlid^fcitcn

bctrad^tctcn*

@r
t)on

unb

bclaufd^tc cine SBcilc

il^r

finblid^c^ cplaubcr^

J)ann fragtc
all

cr fie

mit

freunblid^cr 9Wicnc, tt)a^ il^nen

benn

ben fd^onen ingcn

am

bcftcn gcficle.

Dcr

altcfte bcr

bcibcn

33riibcr, bic

htn ^rinjcn nid^t !anntcn, anttDoxtett rafc^: ,,ort

i[t

ba^ d^iff, crr ?cntnant, c^

gar ju fd^on!"
roifet il^r ja,

yiun bcnn,
i^r cuc^ gu fagte

S'nngcn/' crmibcrtc bcr ^rinj, fo

SBcil^nad^tcn

ma^

n)unfd^cn

fiinnt."

a^

gcl^t

nid^t,"

bcr

^nabc barauf nnb

fd^autc

bcm ^ringcn mit

feinen blaucn Slugcn

brcift in^ cfid^t; ,,unfer 25atcr l^at nid^t fo

bid clb,

bafe cr

un^

cttDa^ fo

d^onc^ faufcn fann."

yiun, bann

tDilt id^

cucr

SBeii^nad^t^mann fcin!"

9?ad^ bicfcn SBortcn trat bcr *iPrina in

ben Saben, fanftc ba^ d^iff unb ilbcrrcid^tc c6 btn ^nabcn, bie
t)or

freubigem d^redE
fie

faum

cin 9Bort bc^ S)anfc^ fanben.

Qn

boltcm Jrabe ciltcn

erftaunten,

nad^ ^anfc gu ben (Sltcrn, bic nid^t tDcnifl

crful^rcn,

aB

fie

in

bcm 2abtn
tvav.

mer bcr SBcil^nad^t^^

mann

il^rer

^inber gcn)cfcn

$! nficllcn unb $. Xtd^ntv.

131

132

beginners' GERMAN
@ta6e
mttemanber unein^
fie

2)ie ficficn

(gin SSater l^attc fteben ol^ne, bie ofter^

tDurben.

Uber betn

3txtifen

unb trcitcn bcrfaumten

bie

%xbdt

-3a, einige bdfe 3)?enfd^en l^atten

im inne,

[id^

biefe

Uneinigfeit inmii^t ju madden,

be^ 33ater^

um

bie

of)ne nad^ bent SEobe

um

xi)v

grbteil ju bringen*

3)a

liefe

ber el^rrt)urbige rei^ eine^

Jage^ die

fieben of)ne
bie feft jn^^

jnfamnxenfomnten,

legte if)nen fieben ^tixbt t)or,

famnxengebunben tdavm, unb

biefe^

fagte: enxienigen
jal^Ie
id^

don

eud^, ber

^iinbel
bar.''

tcibe

ent^tDeibrid^t,

l^unbert

grofee

Saler

@iner nad^ bent anbern ftrengte

leber

alte

feine ^rcifte

an,
ift

unb
gar

fagte

nad^ langem t)ergebUd^en SSemil^en: (g^

nid)t moglid^."

Unb

bod^/' fagte ber S3ater,

,,ift

nid^t^ leid^ter."

(gr lofte

ba^ SSiinbel auf unb gerbrad^ einen tab nad^ bent anbern mit
geringer SKltfie.
(gi/' riefen bie

ol^ne, fo

ift

e^ freilid^ leid^t,

fo fonnte e^ ein fleiner ^nabe!''

3)er 25ater aber fprad):

^k

e^

mit ben tciben

if)r

ift,

fo

ift

e^

mit

eud^,

meine ol^ne.

olange

feft

jufammenl^altet,

tDerbet

if)r beftel^en,

unb niemanb

tDirb eud^ iibermaltigen fdnnen.

folt,

SBirb aber ba^ S3anb ber (Sintrad^t, ba^ eud^ t)erbinben

aufgeloft, fo gef)t e^ eud^ toie

ben tciben, bie

f)ier

jerbrod^en

auf

bem 53oben um{)erUegen."

eltfanter ^^asicrritt
(gin 5D?ann reitet tuf feinem (gfel nad^

au^ unb lafet

reitet

feinen

Suben

gu gufe nebenl^er laufen.

ift

^ommt
ba^
ii)v

ein SBanberer

unb

fagt: ,,a6

nid^t red^t, S3ater,

if)r

unb la^t euern

ftieg

obn

laufen;

l^abt ftarfere

&lkbtv."

S)a

ber S3ater

SUPPLEMENTARY READING
Dom
ein

133

@fel f)erab

unb

liefe

ben ol^n rettcn.

^omntt
bu
l^aft

inieber

SBanber^mann unb
retteft

fagt:

a6

ift

ntc^t red^t, SSurfd^e,

bap

bn

unb

Ictffeft

betnen 93ater

gufe g^^^tx;

iiingere

33eine''

fafeen beibe auf

unb

ritten eine trede,

ift

^ommt
ein

ein britter

SSanber^mann unb

fagt: ,,3Ba^

ba^

fiir

Un^

tierftanb, jtDet

^erle auf einem fd^tDac^en 2:iere?

oltte

man

nic^t

einen

tod

nel^men unb eu($ beibe J^inabjagen?"

felbbritt gu gufe, re($t^

a
linf^

ftiegen beibe ai

unb gingen

unb

ber 53ater
Dierter

unb ol^n unb in ber

fagt:

9Kitte ber gfeL

^ommt

ein

SBanber^mann unb

^^v

feib brei furiofe efelten.

3ft'6 nic^t genug, iDenn jtDei ju gufe

leid^ter,
(gfel bie

ge!)en?

ef)t'^ ni($t

menu

einer t)on euc^ reitet?"

3)a banb ber S5ater

bem

borbem Seine sufantmen, unb ber ol^n banb

gufammen, gogen einen
ftanb,

if)m bie

f)intern S3eine

ftarfen S3aumpfaf)I burd^,

ber

an ber trafee

unb trugen ben

@fel auf ber Sld^fel

I)eim,

0
red^t

tDeit

fann^^ fommen, tdtnn

man

e^ alien Seuten

tdill

madden.

SSie bie SSafuttger eine

Sa^e

fauften

im aufe unb ^Ratten unb tDufete amal^ gab e^ aber nod^ feine in SBafungen* S)a tDurbe bem SSirt angeraten, er foHe ^afeen nac^ 2)?einingen fa^ren unb eine ^a^e faufen, fo tDilrbe er ber
@in SSirt
f)atte Diel 5D?aufe
l^elfen.
fid^

gar nid^t mti)x gu

"ipiage
liefe

balb lo^ fein; benn biefe^ 2^ier t)ertilgte bie 9>}(tufe*

a^
bem
tt)a^

ber

W:arm

fid^

nid^t jtDeimal fagen, fuf)r

mit feinem ^ned^t

Sluf

unb
bie

faufte eine ^afee

fiel

um

ein gute^ titdf elb.

fid^

^eimtDeg

if)m bei, bafe er bergeffen,

ju erhinbigen,

^a^e

freffe;

benn er

htha(iite, bafe fold^ ein

Jier aud^ leben

fanbte be^=
freffe,

moKe, trenn e^
l^alb

feine 2)?aufe
guriidf,

unb 3?atten mef)r

gcibe,

ben ^ned^t

angufragen, tda^ bie ^afee

unb

134
ful^r cinfttDeilen
v^perr

BEGINNERS"^
nad^ ^aufe*

GERMAN

2Ste ber ^ned^t anfant, fragte ber

frifet

neugierig: 9^un, tvia^

^.Sllte^?"

bie

SIntmort

bte

^a^e?"

3lIIe^!" iDar

,,3a,

alte^!''

mx

ber

iDieber^oIte

iBefd^eib,

,,@{, bef)ut

un^ ott bor

fo

einem

Jier!''

prad^'^

Htib [d^idte bie

^a^e

augenbltdlid^ mieber ^uriid*

2)er SBibctl^att

J)er fleine

eorg tou^tt nod^

^o,
S)ie

nid^t^

bon bent

SBiberl^alt*

@inmal

fd^rte er

auf ber SSiefe: o, l^opp!"

l^opp!"

ogleid^ rief^
fiierauf Der-

tm

nat)tn SBalbd^en aud^:

(gr rief

n)unbert: SBer bift bn?"

bu?" @r
^unge!''
lid^

[d^rie: T)Vi bift ein

l^allte

timme rief aud^: 3Ser bift bummer 3^unge!" unb bummer

e^

au^ bem SBalbe

(irgere

prildf*

eorg toaxb avQtv^

ben

unb

rief

immer

d^impfnamen
gurildE,

in btn SBalb fiinein.

fud^te
l^ierauf

llte

l^allten

getreulid^

tDieber

@r

t)ermeinten .^naben
rcid^en,

im ganjen

SBcilbd^en,

um

fid^

an

if)m ju

fonnte aber niemanb finben*

^^ierauf

lief

er nad^

aufe

unb

flagte e^ ber 3)?utter, tDie ein bofer i8ube fid^

im SBalbe
t)emommen

berftedft

unb
bu

il^n

gefd^impft l^abe.

3)ie abutter fprad^: ,,J)ie^^

mal

l^aft

bid^ felbft angeflagt.

S)u

l^aft

nid^t^

al^ ben SSiberf)aIt beiner eignen SBorte.

lid^e^

^atteft bu ein freunb^

fo

SBort in btn SBalb l^ineingerufen,

mSre

bir aud& ein

freunblid^e^ guriidfgefommen*''

2)a^ aWittagcffen im ^ofc

Tlan

flagt l^aufig bariiber, tok fd^loer

unb unmoglid^

e^

fei,

mit mand^en 9Kenfd^en au^jufommen* a^ mag benn freilid^ aud^ tr)ai)v fein. ^'nbeffen finb biele bon fold^en 2)?enfd^en nid^t
fd^Iimm, fonbem nur tDunberlid^, unb tDenn

man

fie

nur im*

mer

red^t fennte, inloenbig

unb au^h)enbig, unb

red^t

mit ibnen

SUPPLEMENTARY READING
umjugcl^en
iDare
tft

135

njllfetc,

ntc gu cigenftnntg

unb

nic gu nad^gtcbtg, fo

mand^er

iDol^I

unb

leid^t

gur iBeftnnung gu bringeti^

a^
S)em
bielc^

bod^ einem S3ebicnten tnit fctnem

^errn gelungen,

fonnte cr

mand^mal gar

ni($t^ red^t

madden unb mu^te

entgelten, iDoran er unfd^ulbtg iDar, n)ie c^ oft gef)t.

0 fam
fefetc fid^

einmal ber err

aWittageffen.

fel^r

t)erbriefelid^

nad^ ^aufe
l^eife

unb
obcr
t)er*

gum

n)ar bie

uppe gu

gu fait ober feine^ t)on beiben; aber genug, ber err toax
briefeltd^*

(gr fafetc ba{)er bic d^ilffel

mit bem, toa^ barinnen

l^inab.

n)ar,

unb
tat

toav\ fie burd^

l^ierauf

ba6 offne genfter in ben of

SBa^

ber

S)iener?

^urg befonnen
ftellen tDolIte,

toarf

er

ha^

gleifd^,

ba^ er eben auf btn Xi\^

mir

nid^t^ bir S3rot,

nid^t^, ber

uppe

nad^ aud^ in ben

enblid^

^of

l^inab,

bann ba^

bann ben SBein unb

barauf tDar*

ba^

2^ifd^tud^

mit attem,
ber

tt)a^

no(^

,,33ern)egener, lt)a^ foil

ba^

fein?'' fragte

^err unb

ful^r

mit brof)enbem Sovn

ertoiberte gang fait

t)on

bem

effel auf*

5lber ber S5ebiente

id^

unb

rul^ig: ^SSergeil^en
l^abe*

ie mir, toenn

3f)re

aWeinung nid^t erraten

toollten l^eute in

^d^ glaubte

nid^t anber^, al^

ift

ie
ber

bem ^ofe
unb
fel^en

fpeifen,

S)ie Suft

fo

l^eiter,

^immel
bliil^t,

fo blau,

ie nur,

toie lieblid^

ber Slpfelbaum
l^alten!"

unb

toie frol^lid^

bie S3ienen il^ren 9}Jittag

ie^mal

bie

uppe

l^inabgetoorfen
l^eiterte fid^

unb nimmer!

er err

erfannte feinen gel^ler,

im

Slnblidf be^ fd^onen griil^'

ling^fiimmel^ auf,
feine^ 2lufrt)(irter^

Icid^elte

l^eimlid^ iiber

ben fd^nelten (Sinfall

fiir bie

unb banfte

il^m

im Bergen

gute Sel^re.

3tt)ei niiffett e^

@in ^anbtoerf^burfd^e fanb einen

igentiimer ermittle.

iBeutel

mit elb

ogleid^
fie

llbergab er il)n ber Obrigfeit ber ncid^ften tabt,

bamit

ben

S)a fagte fein ^amerab gu il^m:

^a9

136
fiir eiti

beginners' GERMAN
2:or btft bu!
^citteft

bu ba^ elb

ntd^t bel^alten fon^

l^atteft?''

nen?

28er

iDufete e^

benn, ha\^ bu e^ gefunben

er

^anbtDerf^burfd^e gab jur lnth)ort: 0, rebe tnir nic^t alfo!

(S^ iDufeten gh)et
ert)iffen,

barum: mein ott, ben i^

ric^tct."

filrd^te,

unb mein

ba^ mtd^

^er aSafunger Stabtgalgcn

Oberl^alb

SBafungen im Jfiuringerlanbe [tanb auf etnent

^iigel feitoart^ ber Sanbftrafee

em

alter

algen, ber

gel^orte ber

tabt
njerben*

etgentlimlid^*

9lun iDurbe einmal ein frember 3)teb

eingebrad^t

unb

follte

an ben SBafunger tabtgalgen

l^aben

ge{)enft

3)a traten aber bte SBafunger $Rat^f)erren bagegen

,,2Btr
l^ier

auf unb fprad^en:

einen algen

fiir

un^,

unfre ^inber unb ^inbe^finber unb braud^en feine fremben

amten iinber bran!"

gel^enft iDurbe*

Sitten alfo nid^t, bafe jener

fie

ieb baran
fie

Unb ba
gaben

nun

ntd^t iDufeten, tDa^

mit if)m
il^m,

anfangen

follten,

fie

il^m ein tiid elb

unb fagten

er folk fid^ feiner SSege padfen

i^abe*

unb

fid^ l^enfen laffen, tt)o

er 8uft

SBanbtetg JRa^tUeb
tiber alien ipfein

Sft 9Ju^,

3n

alien SSipfeln

piireft

bu

^aum
iffiarte
dlvif)t\t

einen ^aud^;

S)ie S3ogeIein fd^tDeigen

im

SBalbe*

nur, balbe

bu

aud^*

octH

SUPPLEMENTARY READING
2)er froi^e aBattbcrj^mann
1.

I37

SBem ott

tDiH red^te utift ertDcifen,

tt)eite

en
S)em

fd^idt er in bie
tDitl er [cine

SBelt,
tDcifen

SSunber

3fn JBerg unb SBalb

unb trom unb

gclb^

2. 35te iBad^Iem Don ben iBergen fpringen,

ie gerd^en
SBa^
STn^ botler

[c^toirren l^od^ Dor Suft:

foltt^ td^

nid^t

mtt

il^nen ftngen

^e^F unb
ott laff

frifc^er

Sruft?

3. J)en lieben

id)

nur

toalten;

S)er Sad^Iein, gerd^en, SBalb

unb gelb

Unb @rb^ unb ^immel tr)iH erl^alten, ^at aud^ mein ad^' auf^ beft' be[tetlt!
3ot. t)on (Sic^cnborff.

REPRODUCTIONS
Lesson 27

When
gan to
All of

in the sky.

was dark, and black clouds were came out into the street, it berain, at first only a few drops, then more and more. a sudden, very heavy drops fell upon the scholars
school
out, it

was As the

scholars

who were running

where they could find shelter. But in a short time, the rain ceased and the bright sun came through the clouds. It had been only a sudden
to seek a place

heavy shower.
Lesson 29
nobleman, who owned a beautiful garden, was taking a walk one day in his park. As he was walking around, he

who was sleeping in the shade of a tree. had not expected his master, as the weather was very warm. When the nobleman found his servant resting instead of working, he became very angry, and called the man a rogue, not fit for the sun to shine upon. But
saw
his gardener,
latter

The

the gardener calmly replied: **That

lying in the shade."

is

the reason

why

am

So the master forgot

his anger.

Lesson 31

Two maids were going to a large town with heavy baskets

of fruit

which they carried on their heads. One of them was grumbling, all the time, while the other joked about her work. Soon the first maid said to the second: ^'How is it that you can laugh when you are carrying just as heavy
138

REPRODUCTIONS

1 39

a basket as I am carrying? Are you stronger than I?'' '^No/' answered the second girl, ^^my basket is not lighter than yours and I am not stronger than you, but I do not
feel

me

heavy load because I have a precious herb with This precious herb is that makes my burden lighter.
Lesson 32

my

patience/'

The
large

industrious farmer

tills

the

soil for

us and plants

and

small grains of corn.

into high stalks with

fine flour
it.

many

ears

The corn grows by and by The miller makes of corn.

out of the corn, and the baker bakes bread from

is

Everybody

fond of good bread.

Lesson 33

The
liam
I,

first

German Emperor in the new empire was Wilwho reached the ripe old age of almost ninety-one

years.

When

throne.
erick III

he died in 1888, his sick son ascended the The second German Emperor was called Fred-

and was a favorite with the German people.

third

But

he died after he had been Emperor for only ninety-nine

days.

The

German Emperor

is

the present ruler of

the Fatherland.- William II was born in 1859.

is

His wife
six

Auguste Victoria, and they have seven children,

princes

and one

princess.

The

oldest son has the title of

crown-prince.

Lesson 34

The new German Empire has been

Franco-Prussian war

in existence since the

since 187 1.

considerably larger than the

The United States is German Empire but has a

is

population only one third greater than that of Germany.

The King

of Prussia

Prussia

the largest kingdom

is

I40
hereditary

BEGINNERS GERMAN

German Emperor.

In case of an attack, he has

is

the right of declaring war, and

the sole representative of

the Empire in negotiations with foreign powers.

The Em-

peror
ever,

is

commander-in-chief of the army and navy.

How-

he has not the veto-power.

the twenty-six states there are four kingdoms:

Among
Prussia,

Bavaria,

Saxony,

and Wlirttemberg.

All

the

states send plenipotentiaries to the Federal Council,

which

convenes in Berlin, the capital of Prussia and of the German

The German citizens elect their own representaThe Emperor, the Federal Council, and Parliament make laws and determine the budget for
Empire.
tives to Parliament.

the Empire.

Besides Berlin, the largest and most important

cities

are

Hamburg, Munich,

Leipzig,

and Dresden.

Lesson 37

merchant whose dog was very watchful had been day to market, where he had made a good deaJ of money. On his way home he lost his money-bag without noticing it. The faithful dog, who had seen the money fall, began to bark so loud that his master beat him. The The dog, however, did not stop but kept on barking. merchant then shot his dog, because he thought the animal had gone mad. After a while he discovered the loss of his money and rode back to find it. At the very place where his money had dropped, his faithful dog lay dead.
rich

riding one

Lesson 38

A dog which had stolen a large piece of meat was crossing a small river on a narrow plank. When he saw his own

REPRODUCTIONS

I4I

picture in the clear water, he dropped the meat, for he

thought that he had seen another dog with a piece of meat. So in the end he had nothing at all, because he had been
too greedy.

Lesson 39

New

York, April

19, 191 2.

Dear

Sir:

Your letter of the i6th inst. reached me yesterday. If you could come to see me Saturday next, I should be very

much
our

obliged to you.

We

could then talk matters over at

leisure.

Hoping
regards,

to hear

from you soon, I remain, with kindest

sincerely,

Yours very

Lester Jones.
Lesson 40
Schools are either private or public institutions.
cities

The

have the public schools

all

built.

The purpose

of all the

schools, of course, is to educate the

youth of the land in

so as to beto

those matters which

children

must know

come

useful citizens.

Those children who do not care

attend a public school

may

go to private institutions.

Everybody, however, has to attend school between the ages

of six

and fourteen

years.

After that, children

may

leave

school and go to work.

Lesson 41

One day a man was traveling on foot on a highway. Toward evening he was overtaken by a coachman, who seemed to be in a great hurry, as he was beating his horses

142
fiercely.

BEGINNERS GERMAN

The wanderer

felt

sorry for

the animals and

asked the driver

afterwards the
side,

why

he was hurrying

so.

The

latter said

he wanted to reach the town before

nightfall.

Shortly

man

overtook a wagon lying by the roadit

and knew that

belonged to the driver

It is

whom

he

had seen a short time

haste slowly.

before.

worth while to make

Lesson 42

A man who
He

had three
friends,

friends

was summoned

to court.

asked his friends to go with him to be his witnesses.

however, forsook him in the hour

His two very best

of need
friend,

towards

and did not appear before the judge. The third whom he had felt indifferent, was the only

one who gladly rendered testimony in his behalf.

Who

are the three friends of

man?

Are they not money, friends, and good deeds? By what friends is everyone forsaken after death? Who alone finds mercy before God?

GRAMMATICAL TABLES
L
II.

Declension of the Definite Article:

3)er-words.

Declension of the Indefinite Article:

@in-words.

III.

Declension of the Personal Pronouns. Declension of the Interrogative Pronouns. Declension of the Relative Pronouns. Declension of Nouns:

IV.

V.
VI.

A, Weak.
B, Strong.
C, Mixed.

VII.

Declension of Adjectives:

A, Strong.
B.

Weak

(and Mixed).

VIII.

Comparison
Numerals.
Prepositions.

of Adjectives

and Adverbs.

IX.

X.
XI. XII.
XIII.

Conjunctions.

Conjugation of Auxiliaries of Tense:

tnerben.

l^abctl,

fein,

XIV.

XV.
XVI. XVII.
XVIII.

Conjugation of Modal Auxiliaries. Conjugation of Weak Verbs: Active and Passive. Conjugation of Reflexive Verbs.
Irregular

Weak Verbs. Compound Verbs: Inseparable,

ble).

Separable (Varia-

Conjugation of Strong Verbs and List of Strong

Verbs.
143

144
I.

beginners' GERMAN
Declension of the Definite
Singular
MASCULINE
FEMININE
bic

Article.

Plural

NEUTER
ba^
be^
bent
bie

Norn,

ber

Gen.

be^

ber ber
bie

ber

DaL
Ace.

bem
ben

ben
bie

ba^

er-woRDs
Like
ber, bie,

ia are declined:
mand^er, mand^e, manci^e^;

biefer, biefe, bief e^^; fold^er, fold^e, fold^e^;

iener, jene, jeue^;

tDeld^er, meld^e, meld^e^; jeber, jebe, jebe^

(Plural: alle).

II.

Declension of the Indefinite Article.

Singular
MASCULINE
FEMININE
eine

Plurai^

NEUTER
ein
eine^
(eintge)

Nom.
Gen.

eitt

eine^

einer

(einiger)

DaL
Ace.

einem
einen

einer
eine

einem
ein

(einigen)
(einige)

@tn-WORDS
Like
ettl,

eine, ein are declined:

fein, feine, fein

mem, meme, mem

bein, beine, bein

unfer, unf(e)re, unfer

euer, eure, ener
if)r,

(fein, feine, feln

tf)r,

tf)re,

i^r

tf)re,

if)r

mx,

3^re, 3^r)

fein, feine, fein

GRAMMATICAL TABLES
III.

145

Declension of the Personal Pronouns.

Singular
ist

Person

2d Person

3d Person

MASCULINE

FEMININE NEUTER
fie

Nom.
Gen,
Dat.

ic^

bu
beiner
bir

er
feiner
tf)Tn

c
feiner

meiner

tl)rer
tf)r
fie

mir
mid^

tfim

Ace,

x^n

e8

Plural
ist

Person

2d Person
i^r
fie

3d Person
(@te)

Nom
Gen,
Dat.

tnir

unfer

euer
t\x6)

ifirer

mxtt)

wn^
un^

if)nen
fie

mntn)
(te)

Ace,

eud^

IV.

Declension

of the Interrogative
\dtx
tDeffen

Pronouns.

Nom,
Gen,
Dat,

ma^

tDem
iDen

Ace,

tDa^

V.

Declension of the Relative Pronouns.

Singular
MASCULINE
FEMININE
bie, n)eld^e

Plural

NEUTER
ba^, tneld^e^
beffen
bent, meld^em
bie, n)eld^e

N.
G,

ber, meld^er

beffcn
bent, tt)el(^em

beren
ber, tDeld&er
bte, tDeld^e

beren
benen, tneld^en
bie, tDeld^e

D. A.

ben, tnetd^en

ba6, meld^e^

146
VI.

BEGINNERS GERMAN
Declension
A,
of

Nouns. ^
(iVo

WEAK:

the -n declension.

Umlaut

in Plural.)

Singular

Nom,
Gen,
Dat, Ace.

bie gran, bie Sefirerin

bet ^nabc, bcr 9Kenfd&

ber grau, ber Se^rerin

ber gran, ber ?ef)rerin

bie

bcm Snaben, bcm

9JJcnfd^cn

%xau,

bie Se{)rerin

ben ^naben, ben 2Kcnfci^cn

P/wm;

Nom,
Gen,
Dat,

bie granett, bie ?ef)rerinnen

bic

^naben,

btc 2)?enfd^cn

ber granen, ber ?e^rerinnen

ber ^naben, ber 9}Zen[c^en

ben granen, ben ?e{)rerinnen

bie

ben ^naben, ben 2Wenfden

bie

Ace.

granen,

bie Se{)rerinnen

^naben,

bie SDtenfd^en

B.

STRONG
class.

First Class: the No-ending

Singular

Nom,
Gen,
Dat.
Ace.

ber SBatcr, bcr SBogel

bie ay^utter, bie 2:od^ter

U^
bem

9D?ab(ftcn

bc 33ater^, bc^ S3ogcI

ber 9}^ntter, ber .totter ber ajiutter, ber 2:o(^ter

bie aJJutter, bie 2:od^ter

beg SJJabd^en)^
gjJabd^en

bem

3Satcr,

bem

53ogeI

ben 53ater, ben 5Sogel

bag DJ^abc^en

Plural

Nom.
Gen.
Dat.

bic IBatcr, bie ^So^el

bie

muiitx,

bie

2;d*ter

bie 9}?fibd6en

ber Skater, ber SSogel

ber abutter, ber

%o^itx

ber SDlabc^en

ben S3atern, htn SBogeln

bie 5$ater, bie 3SoseI

ben

9)iiittern,

ben ^od^tern

ben ajJabd^en
bie

Ace.

bie SD^iitter, bie ^iic^ter

imabd^en

Second Class: the -c

Singular

class.

Nom,
Ge/j.

bet 3^tx, ber 2:ag

be^ B^J^ne^, be^ Jagei^

bie

ber

Dat,

bem

S(^f)^(0. i>^^ 2:a9(e)

Ace,

ben 3^f)n, ben Jag

1

anb anb ber anb bie anb

ba^ Sal^r
be^ ^cA}Xt^

bem 3of)^(0
ba^ 3af)r

Nouns

are to be found in the vocabulary.

GRAMMATICAL TABLES
Plural
Norn,
bie ^cAjXit, bie

147

Gew.
Dat. Ace.

ber S>^i)nt, ber

Xa^t Sage
Jage

bic

finbc

bic 3af)re

ben 3tif)ncn, ben ^^agcti

bie S>'&^m, bie

^anbe htn ^anben bie ^anbe

bcr

ber ^al^re

ben 3a{)rcn
bie 3af)re

Third Class: the -er

class {always

Umlaut

in Plural).

Singular
Norn,

ba^ S3ud^
be^ 93ud&e^

ber ayjann

Gen,
Dat. Ace.

be^

aWannc^

bem
ba^

93u(^(e)
$iVid)

bem 9Kann(e)
ben ajJann

Plural
Norn.
bie S3ud&er bie ayjanner

Gen.
Dat. Ace.

ber Siid^er

ber aWanner

ben Sild^em
bie Slicker

ben

aWannem

bie aWiinner

C.

MIXED DECLENSION
Singular

Norn,

ber

taat

ba^ Singe, ba^

be^ Slngej^, be6

O^r
O^re^
Ol)r(e)

Gen.
Da/.

be^ taate^

bem taat(e)
ben taat

bem

Singe,

bem

^cc.

ba^ Singe, ba^ 0()r

Norn.

bie

taaten
taaten

bie Slngen, bie Ofireit

Gen.
Dat. Ace.

ber

ber Slngen, ber )l)vtn

ben taaten
bie

ben Slngen, htn Ol^ren

bie Slngen, bie

taaten

Oliren

I4
VII.

BEGINNERS' GERMAN
Declension
A.
of Adjectives.
(like the definite article).

STRONG

Singular

Nom.
Gen.

licber SSater

liebe %xavi

liebe^

tinb
^inbe^

Itcbc^ (-en) SSater^

liebetn SSater

licbcr %xciVi

Iieben (-en)

DaL
Ace,

lieber
liebe

Iieben SSater

grau grau

liebem ^inb(e)
Iieben

Sinb

Plural

Nom.
Gen.
Dat.

liebe SSiiter

liebe

grauen grauen grauen grauen

liebe

^inber

lieber 3Sater

lieber

lieber

^inber

Iieben

3Sdtem

Iieben
liebe

Iieben
liebe

^inbem

Ace.

liebe 3$ater

^inber

B.

WEAK

(and

MIXED)
ha^

Singular

Nom.
Gen.
Dat.

ber Itcbc 5?atcr

cin liebcr 5Sater

bie liebe

beg Iieben 5Sater6

etneg Iieben 5Sater0

bem

Iieben 55atcr

einem Iieben 5Satcr

Ace.
ben Iieben 53ater
einen Iieben 5Sater

grau grau ber Iieben grau einer Iieben grau ber Iieben grau einer Iieben grau bie liebe grau eine liebe grau
eine liebe

liebe

ein liebe^

^inb tinb
^inbeg

beg Iieben ^inbeg

cineg Iieben

bem

Iieben ^inb(e)

einem Iieben ^inb(e)

t>a^ liebe

^inb

ein liebe)^

f inb

Plural

Nom.

.....
bie

Iieben

f
J

3Sater

^
55ater

Gen.

ber

.... Iicben
heben

f
J

Dat.

ben
(f""'">

1
^.
,.
, r

linbem
^ater
-

Ace.

bie

Iieben

GRAMMATICAL TABLES
Like bcr
berjemge
berfelbe
licfic 2?ater, etc.,

149

are declined:
bicicnigen
bie[elben
bie Tnciti(ig)cn, etc.

biejienige

ba^iemge
ba^felbe

biefclbc

berTnein(iQ)c biemcin(i9)e ba^mcin(ig)e

VIII.

Comparison
Adjective

of Adjectives

and Adverbs.
Adverb

POSI-

COMPARATIVE
reic^er

TIVE
reid^

SUPERLATIVE
ber reid^ftc
ber armftc ber fdttefte ber fiiraefte ber befte

POSI-

COMPARATIVE
reid^er

TIVE
reid^

SUPERLATIVE

arm
fait

armcr
falter
fiirger

arm
fait

armer
falter
filr^er

Jura
fiut

furj

bcffer

gut
Diet

beffer

Diet

(mc^r)

ber mei[te

mel^r

am am am am am am

reid^ften

armften
fatteften
fiir^eften

beften

meiften

Adjectives in the comparative or superlative are declined in the

same

manner

as adjectives in the positive degree.

thCf

For the English predicate superlative without

tttn-form.

German

uses the

IX.

Numerals.
:

Cardinals

ein^
3h3ei

II

elf

12 13

StDOlf

30 40
50 60

breiftig
t)ieratg

brel
t)ier

breigef)n
tjter^elin
fiinfselitt

Wstg
fed^aig

4
5

14
IS

ftof
fed^^

6
7

16
17

fe(^sel)n
fieiis^f)n

70 80

\khm
ad^tstg

fieben

90 neungig
100 f)unbert

8 ad^t

18 ac^tsel)n 19 neun^el^n

9 neun
3el)n

20 gmanaig

999 neun^unbert neunuubneunaig 1000 taufenb

ISO

beginners' GERMAN
Ordinals
ist,

bcr crfte
bcr gmcitc
bcr brittc

nth,
19th,

bcr clftc
bcr ncunscl^nte

2d,

3d,
4th,
5th,
6th,
7th,

20th,
2ist,

bcr gman^igfte
bcr cinunbatDansigfte
brcifetgfte
t)icr^igfte

bcr dicrte
bcr fiinfte bcr
fcc^fte

30th, bcr 40th, bcr

bcr ficb(cn)tc
bcr ad^tc

looth, bcr l^unbcrtfte

loist,
bcr f)unbcrtcrftc
bcr 3tt)cif)unbcrtftc

8th,

9th,

bcr ncuntc bcr sc{)nte

200th,

loth,

loooth, bcr taufcnbftc

X.

Prepositions.

WITH THE
DATIVE

WITH THE
ACCUSATIVE
burd^
filr

WITH DATIVE OR ACCUSATIVE

WITH THE
GENITIVE
h)df)rcnb

mit

an
auf
f)intcr

m^
bet

mcgcn
trofe

ol^ne
ficgcti

Don
gu
avL%
fett

ncbcti

(an)[tatt

urn

in
ilbcr

untcr
t)or

aufeer

gmifd^cn

E.g.

3d^

ftcl^e

an bent

gcnftcr, abcr id^ gcl^c

an ba^

%tn\itx.

XI.

Conjunctions.
Coordinating

unb
ober
E.g.

abcr

fonbem
(allcin)
\)aiit c6 be^

bcnn

SBir licfcn auf bie trafec, bcnn unfcr ?cf)rcr

fo{)fcn.

GRAMMATICAL TABLES
The
E.g.
other conjunctions are subordinating

151

SBir licfcn auf bic trafec, tocit utifcr ?cf)rcr c^ befol^Icn

Cf.

SBir

liefcn

auf bic trafec, bie noc^ gans nag \owc.

Subordinating
a(^

bag
fo

ob
ate ob
obglcid^, obtoof)!
feit,

n)at)renb
tDeil

m
ba

(bct)or) cf)C

ba6

inbcm
nad^bcnt

tDcnn
tDenngleic^
tt)ic

fcitbcm

bamit

fobalb ate

^52

beginners' GERMAN

>-

^ o vO
t:^

w > t H U

o
vC5^
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vO
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<33

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it
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^
:

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c
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CJ

pq

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s^

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o >0

:
<u>

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^
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^
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H O H M P^ Pi g o S S O g
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I 1

GRAMMATICAL TABLES

153

0)

^
h-1

vO

-0

>3-

S^

o H
I

1
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^^

.0

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sO

g ^G^

sX^^

<33

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>5^

^
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^
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rS"^ ^

fi

H U M
Ph P^

> H S
H > M
1

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W 2

JO vO
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fi fi

Q^

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tJ

fi

H
(4

H
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.0

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fi

S
1-1 Iz;

HH

PM

^ Ph

H <

C/2

P^

o
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as

g^
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.
:

^3^

>

u
H
C/3

5
(4

sO sO sO
^15- VC5- >3-

ii. --N
<i>

-0
HH
fi fi

cs

^^
fi fi

<>

".

s rt^

P4

tJ

154

beginners' GERMAN

Jz;

. tJ -

^ ^

:S .g

S ^

U)

i*

fi

fi
<=

S-

fi

< -<

fe

H O H HH H ^ S s O Pi s H
Pij
i-i

GRAMMATICAL TABLES

155

<M

d
.t3

42
0)

c5
J=t JTt
,

.0

CJ
a;

JS

e
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i
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>->

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*o
*

I
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vO
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^ CO
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Vi

o
fi

>
J-
J-

5:? vO JO

B ^
s

B
^
15

fi

pt

Q
Jo

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s
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fi

U
H

O U W
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<j

fi
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C33

Hi P4

^^^

.^

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B o ^ ^
*

r<

H
Ph

Ph

U HH H
Ph

B BIB B

>

H W
Ph
CO <I

O
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<i>

Ph

e
^

P
^
fi
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Vii

$=I

^0
fi

o u

^a>

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<35
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^

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^
fi
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^ e
trft

B B

e, fiS B
fi

3
fi

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o
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iz

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B
<

CJ

H O
Ph

W ^
Ph

^^

o o

^.
fi

^S
a:>

B BIB
o

Pi

pl

>

156

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

JO

> H
t fi

J->

fi

^
B _
S o

Jo

o o ^ wO JO <^ ^ ^
?->

fi
.5=

fi

s fills
o

JO

^t
fi

JO

-f>

jO

> I H < U Q

|Sl
jO
iii-

B B ^

Sis

fi

fi

g ^

Jo ^ ^ ifi| fi Jo

JO jO
::S

<^

:3

fi
.is

fi

S
<l>

3>

Co

jO

CO

H
H
CO

GRAMMATICAL TABLES

157

D-l

C5 -^

>
S Z

^ W ^
PL,
cr>

2 P
y:>

rt

^
Ph

<
PL,

s S

^^

^
g
*

^->
<L>

J^

JO

B
JO
:^

W > H
l-H

J->

<1
pl^
p-i

^ M

--

.0
?->

H
^

fi
}=:

:^

B B S

<u

Jo

^
H
W S
Ph
P!^

S
cu

"S .^

S
H

t3

g
ptH

pen

iS8

beginners' GERMAN

IS

43
:0

^ ^
.-4->

4-i

-->

o c

f^ "- ts
?::

QS>

^
j^
*^

tJ

:0 :0
-

j=:

in

cT

lO .5

i2 *"

5 -o c

g c :o
ff

Hi
^
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-^

~f-

>

O O
::3
:j={

,>^ f^

-^

a:>

v>o

s
o o

.^ ^

Pi

4^
<D

,-4-

o
4->

o
i
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tr

^ ^ ^ ^ B

^
s
fi

ti

fi'

\.

^ i O ^ O S Ei

"2

lis
S-

trtr

^^ ^
^

^M

<>

j:i

n o

:0 .5 -O

^ *^ o s ej
-

ji:

."*^

^^

e
fis-SiS.

eg

vO JQ

JO

-^

GRAMMATICAL TABLES

159

o O

B
o
<^
c^p

0)

O
o
>

Q
ii
fi

"ti

II.

o o^ O O
*>
(<o

O Q

3-

5-

s^

tj

fi

> M H

^^

C3
<D

O
0)

iii

o o O O O

e
^^

O
-^ it
*j

<>

o o
^

O
fi

-->

t
r^5
t5

fi
^.^

iJ

4-J

o U
.4->

(L>

(D

^
fi

it <^
fi

QS

s
15

*r

J^'
<i>

o^

^"

3-

s
j=:

:0

c>"

:0
vS"

rt^ ^

fi

S-^

'

5
1
s
fi

1^

l6o

beginners' GERMAN

CO

>
3

4>

^
w

^^

>^

^4
CD

WW
W
P<
P-i

^
H W
P<

Ph P^

Ph

P-i

GRAMMATICAL TABLES

l6l

<L>

1
Qi

-4-^
.

j^-^

->=>

o >-^
CO

1^

O
C33

sO sO

I
g

c>

Q
*

O >

o c
> %>

P
H

^1 ^
^S3-

^
*'

g O
^ & O
a

<^

,-4->

{j~*
<L>

^ -^ ^ ss^
t:^

.>o
<L>

.O
t>

Cl>

JO

sQ .^

S
!t

fi

a
r-

o
^H

^
"^
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* .

r?^

g a C S

^ W
"^

PL,

< S 2
Q
(U
--

fi B "UM

S S E
;z;

.^

&
S w
rt

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p^

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<

-.o
sC5

o
^
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sO

V^

2^

o ^
o
H

^
>
^

.c^>c^

fi

fi

U
H

p^

Pc^l

03

^ '^
fi

^ fi

!i

rg^
S ^ fc t) S
Ph
p>^

(^ P5 p H P

5 p H P

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b^

l62

beginners' GERMAN

o
<33

> H U
pq

^ ^w^
-J::?

-t-*

^O

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>2

._

>S
CO

"o >S
.

^
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ca

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CO

B 3
:S
CO

Jo

^
^
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^
-^

o o ^

J->

:?3

.^

^ =3

-J:^

-^^

fi

s-^

fi

tE

^M
^
vO ^^
CO
,
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sO
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^--

^,
sO

> H

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1.
^t-

^ :|

a>

c e
>o
^^
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4->

sO
03

vO
<1>

JO
-4-

JO ^^ .H
<=

Q3

o >r^
C53

>o
<33

CO

Jo
CJ

s
^
J->

^ H

^
sif

1.
*

"^ CO
*

1.
*

J-^
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JQ itL

00^ ^ ^
S
tJ

^
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^
^

^_

JO -0 i-t
;-

^
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SJ

'a

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Co sO

s-^

H
CO

H
Ah

Ph

GRAMMATICAL TABLES

163

JO

JO

g I
o ^

S
o
^^
Sis

o
1^ <:
;?;
i-i

JO -p
fi

U
H U
Ph

o H I Q o

S>

JO

"i
>o

fi

o
H
;2;

G 1
Ph

\A

^ 3^

^
o

W
Ph
fi
fi

M > H M M ^
t-l ;z;

l-H

H
Ph

H W

H P< <
Ph

W
Ph

P^

H <

C/3

Ph

it
If
o

o
g

< o
iz;

t g fi
s
CO

W
w

_^ -M

<35

fi

fi

fi

fi

u
H
5z;

Q o

;z;

^
jO
J-

";:
-f-

^ hH

Ph 1^

o o o y:> M
5=1

,/:>
J-

fi

fi

fi

H U H
W
Ph

jO JO

Ph

=5 =5 fi fi

W P H

164

beginners' GERMAN

gffS|f!t fISi f! fi B.S^". Ills ^:s-t:s If ^^

;^

It

It

"^

ft
-r -O

a o

to

?
H U W Ph W
PL,

W P^ P
h)
Pt,

H U W P^

GRAMMATICAL TABLES

1 65

u ^
<1>

s ^
.0 ,0

s.

I-?

<i^

tn

^
4>

--

- -^

33

l
JO vO
$->

1
^
JO

H ^,c^

sf
o o

"^

"S^

^ ^ "^
t"

^B'

'^

^
<L>

S
rt

fi

!t

5 & S g B g
h5

<
H w W
rt

S
<i1

S
id

fi

5 Q

H^

.t^

JO

H w

Ph rt

cri

H
CO <:

p^

f^

12;

lis
JO
tt=.

;^

.0

^ S
-^

w > M H W ^ ^

^
iH.

--

g
^

^ 3
"

'Jo

^^

4iy>

IS

i66

beginners' GERMAN
Irregular
INFINITIVE

XVI.

Weak

Verbs.
PRETERIT
PAST PARTiaPLE

brcnnen
rennen
lennen

branntc
rannte
fanntc
ift

gcbrannt
gerannt
gefannt
getiannt

nennen
fenben

nanntc
fanbtc

gefanbt

toenbcn

tDanbte
brad^tc
bad^tc

getoanbt
gcbrad^t
gebac^t
gctDufet

bringen
betifen
tt)iffcn {x(S) tDcig)

mu^tc
3)?ann?

i^o/e;

lennen

(Sic ben altcn

S^cln, id^ ferine i{)n nlc|t, aber id^ toeife, too er too^nt*

XVII.

Compound Verbs.
I.

Inseparable
six

Verbs compounded with one of the

be-

wwaccented prefixes:

cutt)er-

erser-

ge-

are conjugated like the simple verbs.

is

But the

past participle

without the augment ge-

Cf. Verbs in -icrcn (tnarfd^iercn, marfd^iertc, matfd^iert)^
Note:
ent-

becomes cmp-

in: cmpfangcn, cmpfcl^Icn, empfinben.

II.

Separable
is accented.

The

prefix is

a part of speech and

x&j

Present mad^e Preterit bu Future

bie 2:ilr

p.

mad^teft bic 2^ilr gu^

cr tDtrb bie Xvlx jumad^etu

GRAMMATICAL TABLES
Perfect mir f)a6cn bic 2:iircti gugcmad^t^ Pluperfect tf)r f)attct bie 2^ilren gugemad^t^ Perf. Cond. fie Mrbeti bie Xiiren gugemad^t

1 67

f)ahtru

Note:

211^ id^ bte Jilr jumacl^te,

ging cr fort

III.

Varlvble

The

particles:
imtti, nbtt, unter,

um
E.g.

unb

tuieber

are either separable, accented, or inseparable, unaccented.

separable
ilber[efeen
f fet
]
i

inseparable
liberfefeen

^^
^^'*^''^

^^^^

K
i

translate

ii&

f fef

iiberVfeJt

^'^^^^^
ilberfefet' J

C^^^^^^^*^^

^^^^^g)

H 1

1 68

beginners' GERMAN

5=i

w > H U
1

1 vc*
->

^c^

1
PI

g O
Zj

g o
is
* *

G
ri

p:
.-*-*
^^

fi
>^

k>

--

55

"2

IIII o
p:

r*->

^,,s^

p:

i =g I

o p

f2 1^

PQ
C/3

p:
-Si

pt

cfi

^
-W

pT

-2

>
to

<D

> H < U P
l-H

1
2

p:

vi

1 i
p:

'

Iz;

^3;

1
'a

^ VQ

Pt ^

p:

^o

S"

*g .^

iS-

r^

rg"

o
5
S

H O W
Ph
P!{

H O W ^
P<

w
t:^

p^

w
Ph

GRAMMATICAL TABLES
o

169

>o
t5 >

i o
iz;

ti a>

fS

2 H g ^
I

1
s3-

p:

^s3-

f5

1
> H S
H-l

i S

p; 1

u
c
PJI

Participle

.RTICIPLE

M
Ph

vO
J->

1
-*
j:>

w > M H M
J2;

H
w
PL,

H
ESEN

P
ST

<;

^c^

hH

rt

<
Ph

Ph

hH

Q
iz;

u
. I
;z;

H i Q ^131=^

>
<; rt
pi^

ss

;z;

^
H
]?r

U
* *

^
1^
h-i

1 S

<L>

pt

H
1^

1
Ph

g W
Ph

w e H
tD

fe

f3

lyo

BEGINNERS' GERMAN
List of Strong
Infinitive

Verbs
Past Participle
gcbadfen
befof)lcn

Prkterit
buf,
(bcficl^It)

barfeti,

bake

(biicft)

hadk

befcWen,

command

befall

htqinntn, begin
beiften, bite

begann
bl6

begonnen
gebiffen

hitqtn,

bend

bog
bot

gebogen
geboten

hitttn, offer

binbcn, bind

banb
hat
blieg
blieb
tft

gebunben
gebeten
geblafen
gebliebcn

beg blofcn, blow (blcift) bleiben, remain

bitten,

bratcn, roast (briit)

brcd^cn,

brict

gebratcn
gebrod^en
tft

break

(brid^t)

brad^

bringcn, press
emiJfc^'Icn,
ftcf)It)

brang

gebruttgen

recommend

(cmp*
entpfal^l

empfoWen
tft

crfc^rcdfcn,

become frightened
erfd^raf

(crfc^ricft)

erfd^rorfen

cffcn,

eat

(igt)
(faf)rt)

a6

gcgcffcn
ift
ift

foftrcn,

drive

Mr
fiel

gefaf)ren

fatten, fall (fallt)

gefaUen
gefangcn
gefod^ten

fangen, catch (fangt)

feten, fight
finben, find
(fid^t)

fing

mt
fanb

gcfunbcn
ift

Piemen, fly
fiteften, flee fiteften,

P09

flow

m m
(frtfet)

geflogen
gcf(oJen
gefloffen
gcfrcffen

tft
ift

freffcn,

eat (of animals)

fra6
fror

frieren, freeze

gefroren

gebdren, give birth to (geblcrt)

gebcn, give (gtbt)
getien,

gcbar

geboren
gegeben
tft

gab
fitng

go
(e6 gellnfit
(gilt)

gegangcn
gelungen
gegolten

geUngen, succeed
geltcn,

mir)

ei^

gelang

t^

ift

be worth enjoy

gait

gencfen, recover
geniefeen,

genaS

ift

genefen

genog
(^t\d)it^t)

genoffen
ift

gcfdje^en,

happen

gefd^a^

gefd^e!)cn

getoinnen, gain
giegen,

gemann

pour

getDonncn
gegoffeu

GRAMMATICAL TABLES
Infinitive
gtetc^en,

171

Preterit
glid^
filitt

Past Participle
gcgli(^cn
ift

resemble
(griibt)

qltittn, glide

geglittcn

grabcn, dig

grub
fitiff

gcgrabcn
gegriffcn
gcl^atten
.

grcifen, seize

fatten,

hold

(^alt)

^tclt

ftangcn,
liauctl,

hang

(intrans.) (^iingt)

5lng (m^f a</

tr.)

Qe()angen (f/r. fl<^ /rj

gcf)aucn

hew, strike
be called

fithtn, hft
tftx^tn, call,

\)kh

(^ub)

gel^oben
gc^cifeen

6ie6
6alf

icifcR,

help

mn)

gc^olfcn

fUngcti,

sound
creep

flang

gcftungen
ift
ift

fommcn, come
friecftcn,

fam
fvoii)

gefommcn
gefroc^en

labcn, invite, load (labct, ISbt)

(affcn, let
laufctt,
(Ittfet)

m
lief
ift

gelabcn
gclaffen

run
lend

(lauft)

gelaufcn
gelittcn

Icibcn, suffer
leiftcij,

Icfcn,

read
lie

(lieft)

m m
lag
lie)
(ntlfet)

litt

gcKcl^cn
gelcfen

Ikqtn,

gelcgcn

liigcn, lie (tell

tncffcn,

a measure
whistle
praise

log
tnafe
nalfiTn
Pfiff

gclogen

gcmcffen

nelftmcn/
:|jfcifcn,

take (nimmt)

gcnommcn
gepflffen

iprcifcn,

^ric3
rtct

gcpricfen
gcratcti

ratcn, advise

(x'dt)

ttihtn,
rctften,

rub
tear

rlcb
rife

gcricben
gcriffcn
ift

rctten, ride

ritt

gcrittcn

deepen, smell
tufcn, call
f aufcn,

ro*
rtef
(fttuft) foff

gerod^cn

gcrufcn
gefoffcn
gcfc^affcn
(f^at) ift

drink (of animals)

create

fc^iaffcn,

fuf
fd^ieb

fd^cibcn,
ft^icincn,
f(^icttcn,

part

gcfd^icbcn

seem
scold
(fc^irt)

f(icn

gcfd^icncn
gefd^oltcn
gcfd^offcn
gcfd^Iafcn

f^art

Miefecn, shoot

mi
(fd^Iaft)
ft^tief

Mlafcn, sleep

Mlagcn, strike (fd^Icifit) fd^leid^en, sneak

mm
\m^
ift

gcfd^Iagcn

gefd^Ud^cn

172
iNFINmVE
fcfiltcftcn,

BEGINKERS GERMAN
Preterit

Past Participle
gcfd^loffen

shut

fIo6

frfflingcn, sling

f^Iang
(fc^milgt)
fci^inolg

gefc^Iungen
ft at)
ift

fcfimclscn,

melt

gefc^TTtoIacn

fd^ncibcn, cut
fddrcibcn, write
fd^retcn,

fd^nitt
\di)xith

gefc^nittcn
gefd^riebcn
gefc^rieen
ift

cry

fd^ric

fc^rcUen, stride
fctfttjcigcn,

fd^ritt

gef(|ritten

be silent

fd^mieg

gcfd^tDlcgcn
ift

frfltoimmcn,
f(^tt)tnbcn,

swim

fd^njamm
fd^hjanb fd^toang
fd^lDur/fd^toor

gefd^tDommcn
gefd^hjunben

vanish

ift

fc^toingcn,
fd^hJiircn,

swing swear
(ficf)t)

gefc^tDungcn
gefd^tDoren
gefer)cn

Men,
finfen,

see

fa6

fmgcn, sing
sink
finncn, think
fi^cn, sit

fang
fonf
ift

gefungen
gefun!cn

fann
fag
fpatrn

gcfonnen
gcfeffen

f^inncn, spin

gefponnen
gefproc^en
gefproffen
ift

speak (fprid^t) fpric^cn, sprout

ipttti^cn,

fprad^

fproS

fpdngcti, spring
ftcd)cii,

fprang
ftad^

gcfprungcn
geftoc^en

prick

(ftid^t)

ftcftcn,

stand
steal
(ftic{)It)

ftanb

geftanbcn
geftof)Icn
ift ift

Wlcn,
ftcigcn,

l
fticg
ftar{
ftiefe

climb,

mount

gcftiegen
geftorbeit

ftcrbcn, die (ftirbt)

ftofecn,

push

(ftoBt)

geftogcn
geftric^en

ftrcidficn,

stroke

ftrtd&

fttcitcn,

contend
(triigt)
(trifft)

ftrkt

geftritten

tragcn, carry
treffcn, hit,

trug
trof
trieb

getragen
getroffen

meet

ixtxhcn, drive
trctctt,

getriebcn
ift

tread

(trltt)

trat
tratif

getreten

trinfcn,

drink
(tut)

tun,

do

gctrunfen

getan
ift

Ucrbcrficn, ruin, spoil (bcrbtrbt)

bcrbarb

Derborben {intrans.
t)crborbcn {trans.)
bcrgeffen

]^at

toergcffcn,

forget

(derglfet)

toergaS

t)crlicrcn, lose

Dcrlor
(toftd^ft)

berlorcn
ift

toac^fcn,

grow

toud^d

gcmad^fen

GRAMMATICAL TABLES
Infinitive
toaf(^icn,
ttjciddcn,
tticifcn,

173

Preterit
JDUfd^
toiii)

Past Participle
fiemafd^cn
ift

wash
yield

(mafd^t)

fictDid^cn
fietuiefen

show
throw weigh
(mirft)

h)te

hjcrfcn,

toarf

ficmorfen

njtcgcn,

h)OQ
Sie^

QCtDOQCn
fieaic^en
ift

ct^cn, accuse
jicftcn,

draw; move

aog

fiegogen (intrans.)

fidt

fiegOQcn (trans.)

jttiingcn, force

S^ang

gcstDungen

ABSTRACT OF GERMAN GRAMMAR

^otrmenteljtre
Sllte

Sorter,

btc faniugictt hjcrbcn fonncn, l^cigcn

SScrBa

(SdU
@^

tobxiev).

SlKc SBorter, bie bclfintett iDcrben fonncn, tictgen Slpmtna,

gibt Tnel)rcre Slrtcn bcr S^omina:
<z.

ubftantit)a (auptti3ortcr.

ro5

fd^reiben!)

&.
c.

^ronoTttina (giirtnorter)
Slrtifel,

befttmmt unb unbeftimmt

d.
e.

lbie!tit)a

9luTncraIia (^a^I^ortcr).

SBorter, bic nid^t [(eftiert toerben fonncn, finb:

a.
b,
c,

Slbdcrbia

^rdpofitionen

Soniunftioncn

d. 3ntcricftioncn

I.

^ie S)cHinattan
:

A, eg
B, gg
C,

Qibt

gcmmimum
(9Wef)rsaI)l),

(tDeiblid^)

3 encra (cf d^Icc^ter) ma^Mimm (manntid^), unb ^leutrum (fcid^Ud^)*

(3af)Icn):

gibt

2 9tumcri

ingular (gmgaf)!) unb plural

enitb,

gg

gtbt

4 ^afug

(Satte): 9^ominatit),

3)atit)

unb
btc

Slffufatb,

ftarfc

Tlan unterfc^eibet 2 Slrten bcr ubftantitJ^^Deflination: unb bic fd^tDac^c enination.

Qibt aud& cine fogenanntc gcmifd^tc efiination

S^
to5rtcr

gremb^s

unb tQcnnamen

finb befonbcr^

berixdEfid^tigen^

174

ABSTRACT OF GERMAN GRAMMAR

75

1,

^erfonalprottomina (baju 5KcfIejit)t)ronoTncn)

2, ^offcfftDpronomina
3, CTuonftratidpronomina

4, 9JeIatit)pronoTntna 5* 3ntcrro0atit)pronomina

6* 3^nbcfinitpronomma.

^cWinatton bcr

Stbicfttuc

Sebe^ attrtbutidc
ben*

2lbj[eftit)

fann

ftarf

unb fd^mad^ bcflmiert

tott^

SDa^ ate

^iprdbifat gcbraud^te Slbjefttt) ift flcjion^Io^*

^om^iaration (Stcigcrung)
a.
b.
c.

t>t^

%^ttixt)

^ofitid

^omparatit)

upcrlatb*
aud^ fompariert (gcfteigcrt) tDerbcn*

OuaIttatit)c Slbbcrbtcn

f onnen

^cflination ber 9lumcralia (3ft^ltoBrtcr)

Sic

3<Jf)too^tcr gerfallcn in Sarbinalia

nnb Orbinalta*

Seijtcrc

iDcrbcn n)ic bic 2lbieftit)c befltniert,

^rapoftttonett
Sllte ed^tcn ^^rftpofttioncn

regtcren ben !Sattt) ober ben Slffufatit).

Uned^tc "ipriipofitionen f)aben ben enitiD bei \i^.

n. ^tc
A. e^ B. ^
plural
gibt gibt

^anjugatlott

3 ^erfonen

(erfte

^erfon uftoO*

^lunteri

(3cif)Ien):

ingular

(Sinjal^I)

unb

(Wlt\)Xiaf)l) (ift ie ein

Slumeru^)*

176
C. g^
fitbt

BEGINNERS' 'GERMAN
6 Jempora (3eiten):
(ift

^riifen^

ctn

Jempu^)

Qntperfeft

guturum (!)
^erfeft

^lu^quamperfeft

guturum
D. g^
gibt

II*

2 enera Dcrbi (3u[tanb6fortnen):

Hftit) (ift eiti

^affit).

enu^

t)erbi)

unb

. g^Gibt3$mobi(au^fa9cfonncn):
^nbifatit)
(ift

ein

9obu^)

^oniunftit)

3^peratit); fotnie
3nfinitit)

ttod^ bie infiniten

SSerbatformcn:

unb

iPartisipiuTn (be^ *iprafen^

unb be^

^crfeft^),

SWan
fd^tnad^e

unterfd^eibet gVDei Slrten bcr ^onjuQation: bie ftarfc

unb

bic

Soniugation.

(S^ gibt alfo ftarfe

unb

fd^tuad^e 33erben.

g^
mit

Qibt au(^ eine fogenannte gentifd^te ^oniugation*

ajfan unterfd^eibet aud^

SSorfilben, bie

^ontpofita

(jufammengefe^te 3Serben)

Dom

SSerb teil^ untrennbar, teil^ trennbarftnb.

reftejide

@^
unb

gibt

femer ilf^t)erben, fomie ntobale ilf^derben,

unperfonTid^e S!5erben

Wovtbxlbnn$sUi(vc
Sluf gnjeierlei SBeife tDerben
bilbet:
1.

au^ ben

tammen

neue SBorter ge^

urd^ 93eranberung ber

33ofaIe in ben tantmfilben;

2. S)urd^ rineiterung ber

a.
b,

tammftlben:

burd^ uffije

burd&

"iUrafije.

ABSTRACT OF GERMAN GRAMMAR

Slufecr

1 77

ben

trtit

ufftjen unb

*iPraftjen gcbilbcten

SBortcm

gibt

c6 aud^

^liftt'^'nTenfe^ungcn

bon

felbftcinbioen

SBortern (Seftim^

muixQ^iDort unb runbmort)*

I.

^cr

einfad^c

a^
ein in:

3cber
9la(^

a^
bem
2.

entl^alt cin
teilt

ubjeft unb ein ^riibifat

3nl)alt

man

bie

a^e

1. Slu^fagefafec

gragefdfec

3. Sc0ef)nxnG^fafee (33efe^I

unb SBunfd^).

Sttter^unltion
5yjad^

Slu^fagefd^en

ftel^t

ein '^nntt, nad^ gragefafeen ein grage^

geid^en, nad^

Segefirung^fa^en ein 2lu^rufung^seid^en

ftel^t

SSor birefter 9{ebe

gen)of)nIic^

ein oppelpunft,

Slnfang

unb @nbe ber bireften $Kebe tDerben burd^

fennjeid^net*

2InfuI)run0^ftrid^c" ge^

a^

35erbunt Eann ergftn^t tDerben:

1.

burd^ ein

Dhidt

2 burd^ eine abberbiale 53e[timntung,

S^
a.
b.
c.
(/.

gibt abt)erbiale 53eftintnxungen:

be^ Orte6 (lofal)

ber 2Irt (mobal)

be^

runbe^

(faufat)

/.
g.

be^ S^edf^ (final)

ber golge (fonfefutiD)

ber 3^it (temporal)

be TlxtttU (inftmmental)

h.

ber (Sinraumung (fongeffit))*

(tDomit, tDOju ufto.;

3)aju

fommen

bie 'i|Jronominal=2lbt)erbien

bamit, baju uftD,)*

(9lomina fonnen burd^ Slttribute ergangt tDerben.)

1^8

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

n. cr 5ufamtncngcfe^tc Sa^
SWan
ift

unterfd^eibct

auptfa^e

utib S^ebcnfdijc.

S)te afec ftnb enttDcbcr foorbiniert (beigcorbnct), obcr ber ctnc

bem anbcm fuborbiniert (untergeorbnct), @^ gibt balier foorbinicrenbe unb fuborbinicrenbc ^oniun!ttoncn 9lcbcnfa^c iDcrbcn bom auptfa1^e ftet^ burd^ cin ^omma ge2luf ba^

trennt

Ztmpu^

bc^ ^oniunftit)^

ift

bcfonber^ in ber inbireftcn

SRebe 3U

a^kn.
aBortftcMung

S^

gibt

im

S)eutfd&en brci Slrtcn ber SBortftcttunQ (SBortfoIgc):

1,

SfcQelmdfeigc SBortfoIgc (normalc)

2 3nt)crfton

3* S)ic aSortfoIgc

im 5cbenfa^

SONGS

D
(graft anfd&ttfe,

!anncn6aum

gttr blcrftimmlgcn gctnifc^ten (d^tilcrd^or

1824.

P
1.

^
i

^
1^

^^
toic

al

f^=#

#-

*{

^-

2.
3.

O O O

Xan-ntn-haum, o
2;an=ncn*baum,
2:an*ncn*baum,

2:an*ncn*bauTn,

treu finb

bel * tic
fcl^r

Stan * ncn^baum, bu fannft mir

gc

2^an*nen*baum, bcin^Ieibmill

tnld^ toad

^
SSmt
fal
* tcrl ^

^1:9=

|:MM=

:*:
I
I

^
1

r
^=i:

^'

tr-^i:-

5Du
SSie

griinft

m(5t
f)at
*

nur
nid^t

jur

(Som^mer^geit,
big

ncin

Icn!

oft

Icl^

ren:

^ie off

nung unb

^e

* ftftn '

* feit

gibt

P=fi:

-=H

5cdt

5^
=3=

-=1--

m
aud^

^
O O O
^an
2:an
*
* *

^
ncn^bautn,
o

im SSin
bir

tcr,

toenn cd fd^nelt!
f)od&

S8auTnt)on
2:roft

tnid^

cr^freutl
bcr 3cit,

nen^baum,

unb ^raft

gu

ie *

Zan

ncn^baum,

z=t
f=p=
179

H=R^

i8o

BEGINNERS'

GERMAN

i
Xan
2:an
jtan
^
==

=^=3=

W^
trcu
finb
bet
fe{)r

I
* * *

nen-baum, nen^baum, nen-baum,

h)te

nc
gc
^

iBIat
fal
Icl^

tcr!

bu
bein

fannft

mir
mill

len!

Ieib

mid^

h)a6

rcn!

m^=4

:ifci

J-j

r-f
S)ic Scrclei
iWcI. toon f^ricbr. ild^cr,

1789-1860.

i ^Et
1.

-#-=-

^1
:=

^
ftc

2:onf. toon

cring.

ife
-#-f-

^=^
ten, baft
get
ic^

^^Ff^r
fo

iziV:

fc-fr:-

liir

3c5 tDel6m(^t,h)a foE

cS
*

be

beu
fit

* -

trau=ng
h)un=ber
toil *
*

2.

^te

fd^on

3ung
flei *

frau

bort

htn

^ s?^
E^
bin;

3. !5)en (Sd^if =f er

Im

nen d^if *

fc

er * greift e8

mit

bem

^W=W^
'g!

K^^ N :^33t^

=t=t=^=*=:iE
b

bwb

'

poco

cres.

=^=a=
ein
it)r

eS i
ol
^

i
S^^
blit
*

i
*
*

i
ba
fie

SO^ar

*
=

d^en

au

ten
=

ten,
get,
fe,

bar,
SSel^;

golb
fd^aut

ne^

fd^met

be

er

nid^t bic

gel

fen

rif
-!

er

poco

cres.

*i=*i

=N=t


r#
^^^~~i

V
SONGS

i8i

PvJ-^

FT-T
i

f^^

j^

^^-==^-N
f^

\,^,

K^^^-^"

-^

fc.

fv1-^

~i

^^
e
=*

Vi^ivH

fommt fammt
fc^aut

tntr nld^t
ii)v

au^ bcm
=

inn.
aar.

!Die
(Ste

?uft

ift

m^r,unb
be
=

qoI

be

ne^
bie

fammt
Qlau
:=

eg
be,

mit got
bie

nem
t)er *

nur

()inauf in

^W* 3*
i- >if # 4 l{#

SBeMen

M-^f'

(f):

f
^

r L n

r L

'r
L r

P' 9
_|

PL

^U_-r^-"b b

'^

i
bun ^oin
\ij\m
= '

=S=*iS=
I

rrQI
, ,

^^E
ber
i))
fiat
=

felt,

me
gen

unb unb

ru

l^ig

fttegt

ber

9i]^etn;
= bei;

fet
ei =

fingt

era

Steb

bo

...
.

bo6

am

6n

be c^tf=fer

unb

af)n;

unb

ba6

l^ot

^
i BE
be

n-r.i:^P-

rrrfT3
ir -M:

=^
S3er^Qe3
h)un * ber
il^

=^i=^
fun
*

1"
51 *
*

flfct

^I
*

felt

im
ge
bie

benb

fon*nen
aJie * lo

fd^ein.
bei.

ne

fa

mc,
gen

\oah ti^ge

* *

mit

rem

in

So

re

lei

ge

tan

_^5

^ r

l82

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

afjxxitna^t
3fof.

mo^v, 1792-1848.

gratia ruber,

1787-1863.

Xonf. Don crlng.

anft unb gctragcn.

^4q

mf

fe
511
=

1.

etil

^ Ic
:=

D^ac^t,

()ei f)cl {)el

*
=

It Ii

ge ac
gc

^ac^t!
5^ad^t!
^f^ac^t!

le^

fd^laft,

2. etil

Ic

'^a^i,
5^a(^t,

*
:=

^tr

ten
tc

crft

3. etil

* le

ot

oI)n,

^ ^BE

^-^

-f-

PP-0-'

m^
-P
^-v

mf

i^
cltt

=&-fc f\ H

1>^

'

1\

fatn QC
h)ie

hjad^t

nur
Sieb'

ba6
ber

traute,
(Sngel
bei
*

F|od^

\)zi

^ =

Ii*gc
lu
Itd^eit

^aar;
*

funb

:=

mad^t. !Dur(^
lad^t

al

le

ja

au3

nem

gott

2)?unb,

4:

i
:51^-

-yV'

X g t^^
->^-^=^

i
l^ol
ss

1=^
ber
e6
tfint

^ &E

e^
==

^na*be im
laut
fc^Iagt
toon

lof * ft*

gen

aar:
na():

fd^laf
(Sfjrift,
(5f)rift,

in
ber

fern

unb
be

^
ba

un^

btc

ret* ten

<Stunb',

in

SONGS

183

i
dltt
bei
=

^fe^
tcr, ift

^^

r^
fd^laf
(Sftrift,

*
tiltntn = li * fc^cr

I
diu\)'l
ift

in bcr

$Rct
bei

*
*

ter,

ba!
*

net

burt.

S]^rtft,ln

ner

burt!

^ *M=

t^i^=

^^
SSoHh)ctfc
d.

^eibenrij^lcttt
^cinr. SBcrncr, 1800-1833.

2;onf.

don cring.

(Stuae beweet

m^-j t^H
1. (Sal^

=?=t
tnab'
fprac^:
toil
*

ee
9?6g*Iein
bre
*
*

=i^^i=?
= Icin
*

cin
=

ein

ftcfin,

0?o8 $Rb8

auf
auf

bcr

2.
3.

^na Unb
P-0-

be

3(^
be
-#-

d^e

bid^,

lein lein

ber ber

ber
-#-

tna

be

brad^g

^6^

auf

--

m*&

=t=|c

ife?

^ i 7^
^ei
*

t^ ^=i=
toav
fo
* lein
=

E^
iung
fprad^:

^-^i^

:^=pt
Sief

ben,

unb mor^gen^d^on!
3(^
fte
fic^
=

s ^
fd^nell,e6
*

ei*ben! 9Jog
$ei
*

d^c

bid^,
ftad^,

ha^

ben! $Hd3

lein

m^x

* te

unb

I)alf

'^ti^^-f^^t^

^
bu
e
i{)nt

er

mifi

bod^

fein

1 84

BEGINNERS'

GERMAN

p^-i
ndf)

f.+i-^^
\cf)%
mid^,
5lc5,

m
Icn
Ici lei

-.*

jr^

gu

W^
unb
mufet^
p.

iT^tt

blc

greu
*
=

ben.

bcnfft

an

Id^

tDlir^ntd^t
e
^

ben!

2Be^

unb

eg

ben

ben!

m
m/

^-H
,

i^
*#'

^f^F=

/
4=

^
9166
* lein,

J?l

-#

i^ii
I
i

$Rog
1

' lein,

9log4eln rot,
,

9?og4ein

auf

ber

^ei
1

ben!
I

mf

cres.

r r

=t=t:

:^=*=

^cH
^ctnrid^ ^arrie, 1790.
gcicrlid^, nid^t gu

bit

im icgcrftans
2cl.: 3ol&n S3ua,

SBalt^afar crl^arb c^utnad^er, 1793.

1563-1628.

Xonf. bon

g. (rf.

lanefam.

d-

1.

$ell bir

int

(Sle *
$Het
*
*

9er*frang,^err4c5cr be^
ft

S3a
ftel
=

*
^ *

ter*IanbI
le

2.

Wc^tS^offunb
$ei
- It

Qe

fi:=d^ern
gliilf)',

bie

or,
nie

3.
4.

ge

giant
SBtf
:=

me, Qluf)^
fen
:=

unb
be
bet
-

cr
ntit

lo

fd^e

$anb4unQ unb

fc^aft

l^e

:=

5mut unb traft

5. (Bd,

W^fer

SBil'

f)^lnt, f)ier

lang

ne6

^ol

feci

gitv,

148:

it

=t
=t

fe^

f\

SONGS

185
4^

P=^
\do

^ii
^ fer, ^ *

-M
giif)r

^-

^q -d^
-4
1

Tj
i

t>

^i^-T
in
be
al
*
=

4
* * =

-^

^dl, ^ai
gtir

birl
fte()n!
==

be beg
le

Jf)ro
SSa
fte

neg lang ter^Ianbg,

{)en

[ten

gie

fUrg
i^r

3Sa

ter

lanb!

2Bir

bann,
=

aupt em

por!

^rie

ger

unb
beg

C>el

=
*

ben

tat

ber 5menf(4eit

tola!

giijr in

VcfCQ

neg lans

J
('m\^ ^Jft

^
n

r L
1 1

F
1
'

k r
1

^
1

/It ^
i

I*
1

L f
1

'

'

mi

#
1

7 ir\ v/

V-tf

+t

1
!

1
1

^
1

N^
*
^ r
1

_
J 4

fl

^ J #
iEBon

J s
* * * *

i ^

W ^

A '\
1

r
ling

bie

nc
en

gang,

?ieb
griin

beg

gie

:=

be
tig

beg
fiir
i{)r .
lie

frei
ei

aJJanng

*
*

bet

ben

mu
fin
bic

nen 3)^ann,
beer
==

famp
treu

fen

unb
-

be

?or

btatt

auf
*

ge

^0
-F-

SBon

ne

gang,
'

Sieb
-#(i

ling

beg

fe}f^ ^^_ii_ P- ^
1 1

^
|t
l-

J
^

-'

f -^
1

c
1

F
1

T-J

1
...

'_.,.....

'

f#*=t?-#
r
^err
blu
f,o

=^^ ^^3-^
an
fein!

* Ober:

x^
=

11
I 1

pii^^

s* _:^:

^eil,
h)ie
fiir
.

,^ai

fer,

b ir!
eer.

=
-.

fc^er*tl)ron

gelg

im
unb
*

ten

gern
bort
fein!

Jl)ron
bci

ben
SU

an

nem
fer.

ron.
b ir!

SB0H8

eil,

^ai

f^

f-^'
1
1

-^^

H=H =r

~jr
:jfc

i86

BEGINNERS' GERMAN
Sie aSad^t

am

SHl^ein
^orl SBilbclm, 1820-1873. cres.

Tlax d&necfcnburgcr.
Scb^aft unb marficrt

i
^r
1.

d=4:
(g^

brauft

eln

D^iuf
*

toic
*

!Don
^udt

ner

* f)a(t,

iDte (Sd^tocrt * gc

2. !Durc

$un
blicft

bert

tau
auf

fenb

e^ fd^nell,
^

unb
ba
nod^
bic

al

*
*

ler

3.
4.
5.

(gr

\)'m *

in
*

$im
53lut
iCSo

mcl^^au'n,
noc^
*
filiiftt,

$el
ei

ben

0
/.

lang

ein

^rop
,

fen
bie
,

* *

nc

!Der detour

er^fd^attt,
.N

ge

rtnnt,
^

ga()

ncn

s
iE

^ ^

cres,

^
3=

=t=^

^^
flirr

//'

-^=^
-

=iw=

unb
*

3Bo
blit

gen=pratt: 3^iit
gen
fiell;

^Wn,
!Deut
fci^lDort

sum$K()ein,^um beut^c^en
fc^e

Slu
\)'d

gen
ter
"titxi

*
* '

ber

bie
ftol

* *

ber,
ytx

fromm unb

nie

ber4<^ciun,

fjauft
flat *

^t
f)od^

gen

gief)t

unb unb

ntit

^amp
*

fe
fe

nod^
9lf)ein,

ein

5lrm
9^I)ein

bie 53u(^

tern

im

SBinb:

Bum

gum

gum

beut

* fci^en

@^
n \j
rts
1

E^ ->-1r: 1^^ :ti=t

,
1

,//

:fc

,1

rL

fL

N
1

/r

vP

^
$Hf)ein!
ftarf,
luft:

N v

X
h)er

1^

fc^

I
1

^m*
1

tr
be
*

^ ^m s
k!

^^

J S

-i^ ^

J 2
$it
*
* *

j*

b
h)itl

S* ^

A "^
i

^ ^

1
1 1

beg
bie

(Strom -eS
\)z\V
^

ter

fein?
*

fc^ii^t

ge
toie
f)ier

?an mei
bei

beg

marf.
SBruft!

!Du
be
toir
:

$ref)einbleibftbeutfd^
tritt

ne

fpannt,
9^{)ein,

fein
*
(e

geinb
tool
^

*
^

nen
ter -P-

tranb!
fein!

al

Icn

il

"^ ^

^
^
\
^

f^
1

f
k
1

f
U
1

?=___i1

r^
'rzf

r
i

L.

!^

"^

k P
fc'

rD

1 '

1^

SONGS

187

W^d^
2ith

_^

^-

^
ru
fein,
Ilcb

-^-*0

#-

33a

tcr^Ianb, magft

35a

ter^Ianb^Tnagft

m- ^ptq=tizfc=J

=t=^:

^=t

/a

iJE^
ru
*

ES^

^^tEi3E^^
fcft
ftcl^t

:it=*:

=i -g^
^ad^t

f)ig fein;

unb

trcu

btc ^Sac^t, bic

am

cres.

it^:

=N=^= :^

eE^

//' 4t^^ m^i^=^.

^^ f-f ^^^
fte^t

mI
om
8J6cinI

SR^etn!

fcft

unb

treu

bte

S!Ba(i^t,bie SBacilt

PI

1
i88

BEGINNERS' GERMAN
aSanbcrf^aft: ^cr Wlai
gilr ficmifc^tcn

tft

gcfommen"
3ul. 2BiI^. Sura, 1842.

S^or

(S.

dhtl

i^^s^^e
I

:r*=
-^
bie

=i=r

-i-

1. 35er

2Kai

tft

ge

tont=inen,

S8auine fd^Iosgen au8,

l)cl =

2. grifc^ ouf
3.

brum,

frifc^

ouf

im
bu

len

onmen^ftra^f,
93ur[c^en=luft!

3Bon=bern,

SBanbent,

frei = c

^-r^ P^^^ *=*: !t^

4r_

4=-

]i=fc

itS^

:g=

ia^^
r ba
h)o()I

-N/^ K

=i=r
h)cr

bid
il

* *

be,

?uft

l^at,
*

mit

(Sor

gen
tie -

gu
fc

ber

bie

^er

gc, tnof)! burd^

ba6

2:al!

^a
/ ^.
.

tt)c4et

ot*te
F-!

0*bcm
:>i=N:;

fo

frtW

in

bie

58ruft,

^-;-<P

-t^^t-

_-|fI2i-_-f--

Stt

#:

fe

-fV=v^
-#-^

Iii^=it

#-

tcr*=i
l^ttnm
^
It

fit

:^
I

2Btc bie SSol^fcn

!Die

bort h)an=bern
cr * flin^Qen,

am
bie

fd^en

3elt,

OueMen
fin
'

^aume = rau=fc^en
jum lm=mel^
-fi-

oH;
= jelt:

1)a

get

uttb

{auc^^get

ba^ ^er^

-g-^-g-

^.=E^ ^ES^i^

il

-ti-

=f^

^-

^
/

SONGS

189

EE^
I

^
I4^g^r=i=
fte^t aud^
ift

:g:
te

fo

mir
loie

ber
'nc
fo

inn
8er
=

in
d^e

bte

h)et = te,

lt)et

2Belt.

metn ^crj
SBte
bift

bu bo(|

fd^on,

unb ftim= met bu Wei = tc,

cin

tnit
sasciti

rtei = te

:S

^^-ir~^~^ *=:ti

I
1
1

1-^

Hoffmann Don SoUetSIebtn.

aWttBig lonofom.

3ofep6 $asl)n, 1732-1809.

t
1

:#!

A m-P

rfYM* ^"^
r

H
J ^

i^ -4 5 8
e

r^ h-^*
-] J f

J 8

p""^

J
=

lij ^

^eutfd^ * lanb, ^cutf(!^4anb

ii

ber

al

leg,
*
* *
:=

u
brii

:=

ber
^
=

menn ^eut
fol
*

ftet^

gn
*

cJ^uij

unb
* fd^e

2:rut 2:reu
^^

sc
e,

ber
fd)er

fd^e

grau
in
= feit

en,

beut

beut
il)

1
r
*

len

ber

SBelt

be

l)al

ten
f)eit

ren

^i

* *

nig
nac6

unb un^

dlt^t
al
=

unb
le

grei
ftre

fiir

bag
--

^a
S p
1

lafet

ben

brii

ber

'

^/ ^.
rV ^-, /i

fh U
1

-f-

^-^b T'

L p
1

fk
1

^
i

-f-

k
1 1

m r
1

'

F
1

s
1 1 '

f
["
'

....

"

m
al

mf

^^=t=tal
lic^

^^E
in
-

S
r
Don
ber

leg

ber
* * ^

SBelt,
- l^alt,
>

gu

fam
beut
fd^o

men
fd^er

SD^aagbig

an

bie

SBein
*

unb
ten
* fd^e

(Sang

nen ^lang, /
ter = lanb! \

ung
^.
^

i\x

eb
^ .^ ^''^

ler

^at
cv^

be *

beut

33a

li^mi^ers

unb ^anbl) ^'

"^^

^^^

^^*^ ""^

^^

^^P^

f^F

1-

I go

BEGTNNERS'

GERMAN

i*=e

^ ^
^F
SD?c *

U
M
ber
*
(gtf(i^

M-\-i^

mcl,

t)on

bi
*
-

an
!2c

ben
*
*

SQdt cutf$*lanb,
lang.

get

ftcrn
f)eit

un

fer

gan
Ilif

sc^
feS

ben
ter *

!Deut
33Ittr)'

* fd^c

grei

'^

finb

be

Un

pfanb.

im
li-

lt

=:

^ -^

-^

--:

ili

Ji
!Deutf(54anb

^ 5M
ii

=1=

^
Ie,

-P5h-^-^-*-

*^
U
beut
=
==

ber

al

ber
fc^er
i)e,

at

le^

in

ber

SBelt!

gran Ian

*
-

en,
ae

beuHc^c
bie^fe^

2:reu^e,

SBein unb

beuHc^^er

ang!

(ttf-feg, blii

beut-fd^e^ 5Sa*ter* lanb!

^m
I

i r='=F
aBanbrcr^ 5Wa(3&tUeb
tJricbr.

m
^^lau.

i ^

:^kfea

^ ^

Sangfam unb

eetragcn.

^^=*
-s^
il
--

:^ =^

TT

-^
SRul^;

_^

ber ol

len

i)

fe(n ift

in

a\

--

Icn ffitpfeln

^IE

=^

S^

#^=5:

^^

^
SONGS
191

i^

fe^

!fe^gfc=g
fpil
*

u^=^^t
reft

if

'

rrbu
fci
=

ncn

^auc^; bic

55 og

Icin fd^tDci^gcn

im
^#-

^
i 5
?4?

fc^

=^-

^^t

:^

=p=^^

fcr

^=
aBoI=be.

S33or
=

te

nur,

hjor

te

nur,

bal

be,

^*^-^-k^-

IS

W(

h"

^ i w=^bal

=4=^

V
be

^3t
rufift

bu

aud^.

SSBot

= te

^
nur,
*

SiS Hl=r
^
--#-

^ri^i^^

^^
tear
= te

nur.

^te P ^^Eg ^SE ^

bal
*

nV.

i
bal be
rul^ft

be,

bal

be ruf)ft

bu

aud^,

bu
rit.

aud^.

PP

^fe^^ m?3.

i
bal

be

ruMt bu

aud^.

BEGINNERS'

192

GERMAN
I

Set fto^e SBanbcr^mann,

gttr gcmifd^tcn (Sl^or
3fofe*)'&

on (gic^nborff.

gelif 2KcnbcIfo]&nS3Qrt^oIb^, 1809-1847.

2:onf.

bon cring.

ii^t

53
1.

-K
-*t-^

FV-al

1^

SlBcm ott
!Die

n)i(( red^

= tc

2.

53ac]&4ein t)on ben

^^ s
/i
.

4^
^ ^

^
unft
cr
*

*-^-

3=^
r^
I

pv~\

h)ei

fen,

ben
bie

[deleft

cr

in

^cr

gen

fprin

gen,

?cr*d^cn fd^tDirs

-.-^t

I^E
cr5.9.

dl:

y # / ^MWf\ *^
tt

it

v^>

v ^ J ^

N P ^

N
jk.

p^

/J

-|

J
-5tt)it{

^ J
-5-

p
t.i

^ J

,^

J 2

# J

* *

1^

'

'

r
bic
h)ei
*

fci *

p
nc

tc

SScIt,
guft:

bcm
h)a^

cr
ic

SBun
i()

bcr

rcn

fottt'

nic^tmit
-^.

ncn

^^'tt

^9U_
If
1

r b

r u

^!:

U-J

8 if p r ' _4.-j
1

'

,B

-^

--

.
r b ^

>
m
\j V
'

1_

r ^

r ^

r
^

1^ m
fj ^

-\
i \

fet

nc 9Sun

ber

nlc^t

mit

i^

ncn

Ml

i
iDci * fen,

-^-^-ih

^-

-^
fV
V

^
unb
\tx

bcm

tDilt
f oHt'

cr

fci ^

nc

SBun = ber mei

{{) =

fen

in SBerg

fin * gen, tDa^

ic^ nid^t

mit

nen

fin = gen

ou8 O"!

--

^s^

=3

=P=fc

-^

SONGS
aSalb,
^c^I,
in

193
S3erg
tool

unb

SBalb

au6
^

Icr

V Ur

tt *^i^

im Ks\)

^jt

^ WK
fy

1 ^
^

^
\

P r
'^

'

P
,

^ (^
^1

^ s

1 "
.

N
1

^
1

'

K J^

."

p*

m #
ir

%' 9 # .
.

K'

d #
#^

L/'^
2BaIb
^Cf)I

'W'

^::

uub trom unb unb

fri
- fd^cr

^^^tt it ^ftu.^

^Hi

:M:
EE
gclb,

^i
fci
=

bem

tolH

er

ne
ntlt

Sffiunber
iJ) =

Wei

fen

in SBerg

unb

SBruft, tuaS foUt' ic^

nic^t

nen

fin =

6n ""^ "ol

'^'^

^
i
ffi

it^- -^

::f

J. ^tt^-lhz%
=t=fc
-V=l\2

:fc:5f=

J^
SEBalb
^ef)l
> t.r

ff Piu

lento

ivitard

i i
unb tront unb gelb*
V unb c fn

-r*
^cn
-.
..

r-
.

3,

f^
f(|cr

SBruft?

ctt

fxr,

he
^

ben @ott

/u x^

Ml

i
|

Wal^ten;

^
^ p
ber

mh^^
=&=^

Piii Zgn^o

ritard

a tempo

^^
S3ac^
= lein,
.

^
y

t
^

lafe

i^
'

'^

nur

^
8er=d^cn,aBaIbunb
gelb

unb

B5^^ >[BT=pp>3;:f^t^

^ p

a tempo.


194

BEGINNERS'
ores.

GERMAN

M:
(Exh*

+
*cr
*

*M

^i*
-^r^F-r^^
I

llz

'^ti=f
unb ^immct
toltt

f)al *

ten,

unb
|_

(Srb'

unb immcl

h)itt

cr

m
li^

Mm C

^:^--

^
II
Ji.

tt

3^
l^t

k U

^ =^=^
^
b
!

'k-

aud^ mcin' <Sad&'

y ^
;^

5ES

y
::ttt

'^l

/I/

^-^

j^

f)al

ten, ()at

aud^ tncin^ (Sa(5',

f)at

au(5 mcin'

S
n V ^^ ^J^ uij** J ex h* vT
-tt

-#-+-

/2

J^.

-:-

!/

^
jL

^ jL'

jL

!^

If

it

'

^
^
fm\'

L ^
(

^ j^' ^'
1

^'

n #r j^

- //
J a i

A
N N
J

^
J

6c

-
-

dm
J *
n)ia
cr
*

u
unb

(Sad^' auf6 bcff

ftcKt!

)cr (Srb'

^Im

ntcl

^J

tl-,.*r

-tt

If

1-5=^

j^

J P
1

!-W

r V

U M
r
1

Li
k
'

U 4fL r ^r
1^ \/

i:^

?5^ =*^j^TirV^n^
fial *

r-r
-^=+-

ten, ()at

aud& mcln' ad^' auf# Bcff

be*fteHt, Jat aud^ mcin'

^^

:fe=t=

=P

SONGS

m
^^
3ofcp^ bon

auf' beft%
-f-

aur

1
-'.-rr
beft^

T'/r
ftellt,

^m
ht
:>

6cft^

be

ftcCtl

ad^^ aufg

be

tncin' ad&' auf bcft^

ftctit!

i A

-J:

J^

-#

F^

ia
bon iKartc
i5.

(glci^cnborff.

2:onf.

SWacSonncII.

*=*
aScm

^
njtU

sred^

#=-

-gj-

:t:

^
ben

ott

te

unft

er = Xm.

fen,

^
i
^
*"

fe^r:fz

r^r
^

g;

r g

r:

pr~n^i
-1^
N-

>

^in
bic

fd^idt

cr

^ Vl 3:3

^
Juei

tc

S3ScIt,

htm

toiU

cr

fel

ne

s
-ft

J .J

^
^3t

m
^ N

=t=t=

*=f
toet *

T ^^"3

N-

^^-i

u 4-

SBun^ber

fen

in

Serg unb SBoIb unb trom unb gelb

m^

r^=h

-*--4^

i^

VOCABULARY
Explanations.
gender of the nouns
ular
are
is

In the following vocabulary

clusion of the additional reading

which is extensive on account of the inand poems words will be found in alphabetical order. The indicated by the preceding article, and the endings of the genitive sing-

and the nominative plural follow in parentheses. The principal parts of the strong verbs given, and in case of strong verbs which change the vowel in the second and third person
is

singular of the present tense, the third person singular

given to indicate this root-vowel

is

change.
parts.

In case of verbs which take

fein

as an auxiliary, the fact

indicated in the principal

abbicrcn, to add.

ab,

off,

away.

abicu, adieu, farewell,

bie 5(bbttion (-, -en),

good-by.

ber 3(Bcnb (-, -c), evening.

addition.

ba^ 5(bcnbcffcn (-^, -), supper.

bcr 5(^enbfonncttfrf|citt (-),

hit 5(bcr (-, -n), vein.

evening

al^nUi^, similar, like, resembling.

bie

sunshine
ahttf but,

(light).

S^re
(case).

(-, -n),

ear of corn.
-e),

however.
tft

ber 5(ffufattl>

(-^,

accusative
entire,

a^gcl^cn (ging ah,

abgcgangcn), to
att

go

off, start,

depart.

er,

e,

e6),

all,

ber 5l]6ituricnt (-en, -en),

date for the

of the

final

a candiexamination

whole, each, everybody, everything.

aSein, adj.

German

higher schools.

and

adv.^ alone; conj.j

aBrcifcn (aux. fein), to set out, de-

only, but.
attcrtoegen,

part.
bie

everywhere.
gradually.

5(bftatnmung

(-, -en),

descent,

attmai^Urfl,
ot)^,

parentage; derivation.
oftftetgcn (ftieg ob,
ift

as; than;

when; but.

abgeftiegen), to

alfo, so, thus, therefore.

aft,

descend, dismount.
ahtttitn {aux.
trltt

old; bie 5llten, the aged.

^ahm and
ah,

fein),

(er

ba^ TOcr (-^, -), age.

ah;

trat

abgetreten),

to

am = an
ha^

bent,

tread
yield

off;

to relinquish, resign;

to retire; an ben ^aifer

amcrifanifd^, adj.,

American.

to

%mi
{dat.

(-e^, -^er), office, position.

up

to the emperor.

an

or ace), at, on, by, to,

abtticfcnb,

absent.

near, in, upon.

ber ^nlbeginn (-e^), earliest begin-

ad^, alas, ah.

bie S((^fct (-, -n),

shoulder.
eighth.

ning.
anbinbctt (banb an, angebunbcn), to
tie

a^i, eight;

ac^te,

hk ^c^tung
regard.

(-),

attention; esteem,

on

{or to).

ber ^nl^Ucf (-^, -e), view.

197

198
anbcr
cine

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

(bcr,
t,

bit,

eln

ha^
c^),

c;

cm

anftatt (gen.), instead of.

other; untcr an*

things; nlc^tS

anftrengcn,

to
,

strain,

exert;

berem,

among other

^raftc

aUc

to strain every nerve.

anber^ al^, nothing else but that.

anberfciti^,

bcr ^ntetl (-, -c), portion, share,

on the other

side (hand).

interest.
bic

anber^hjo, elsewhere.
bie 5lncfbote (-, -n),

^nttoott (-, -en), answer, reply.

anecdote.

ber 5tnfang (-, ^e), beginning.

antttjortctt,

to answer, reply.

anfangcn

(er

fangt an; fing an, angc*

anhjefenb, present.
bic ^(n^a^l (-),

fangen), to begin; to do.

anfrageti; to

number, multitude.
apple.

ask in passing.
(-n, -n),

ber

%pid

(-,

^),

angcftdrcn, to belong to.

bcr 5lngcftiJrige

ber 5C^jfelbaum (-4, *c), apple-tree.

one be-

ber SCpril (-), April.

bie 5trbeit (-, -en),

longing to, relative.

bcr 5(ngnff {-^, -c), handling, attack.

work, task, per-

formance.
arbeiten, to

anfualtcn (cr
f)altcn),

f)alt

an;

f)iclt

an, angc*
to,

work.
adv.j

to hold

(on)

stop,

arg, adj.

and

bad, mischie-

draw up.
anliaqtn, to accuse.
anfniipfen, to tie, join, fasten.

vous, severe, hard.

drgerlic^,

annoying, annoyed, an-

gry, vexed.

anfommcn (fam
to arrive.

an,

ift

angcfommcn),

arm, poor; ber 5Irme, poor man. ber 2lrm (-e^, -c), arm.
bie 5lrt (-, -en),

bcr 5(nfiJmmling (-, -t),

bic

newcomer.

kind, species;

man-

tlnlagc

(-,

-n), a laying out,

ner,

way.
-^c),

plan, park, pleasure-ground; in-

ber 5(r5t (-c,

doctor, physician.
Asia.

vestment.
aniegen, to lay out; to invest.

5Cficn (-; neut.),

auc^l, also,

too, even, likewise.

anne^men

(er

nintmt an; nalf^m an,

auf, prep. {dat. or ace), on,

in, at,

upon,

angenommen), to accept, take, take for granted.

anraten
(er rat

by, for, to, towards; adv.,

(aux. fetn), to blossom

up, upwards.
aufbliil^cn

an; riet an, angcratcn),

to advise,

recommend.

out, open, begin to flourish.

aufeffcn
(er i^t

anreben, to speak to, address.

anfdfreiben (fc^rieb an, angcfd^rlcbcn),

auf;

ag auf, aufgc*

gcffen), to

eat up.
fu^r auf,
ift

to write

on

or

down.
an;
fal^

ttuffalftrcn (cr fiil^rt auf;

anfc^en
fcf)cn),

(cr

ficjt

an, angc*

aufgcfaf)rcn), to start up.

to look at or upon; to re-

auffinbcn (fanb auf, aufgefunben), to

find out, seek out.
btc

gard; to respect; to esteem.

bic

^nfteblung

(-, -en),

colony.

^ufgabc
raise,

(-, -n),

task, lesson.
aufget)obcn),

bic 5lnftalt (-, -en),

arrangement;

aufl&cbcit
lift,

({)ob

auf,

to

institution.

pick up.

VOCABULARY
fluf^citetn,

199
ift

to

cheer

or

brighten

up.
ouf^ijrcn, to listen attentively; to

auSge^en (ging au8, to go out.

au^gegangcn),

aui^gctcgt, laid out, displayed.

stop, cease.
auflofcn, to loosen, untie,

aufmadjcn, to open.

aufmcrffam, attentive,
bic

aui^fommen (fam au, ift au^gcfom* men), to get along with, live peaceably with. auSkd^en, to laugh at.
\ia^

5(ufnoftmc (-, -n), taking up,

$Cu!^lanb

(-c8),

foreign parts,

reception.
auf^affcn, to

nations.

pay attention, watch.

auj^laufctt (er iSuft au; lief au0,

ift

aufrcc^t, upright, erect, straight.

au^gclaufen), to

run or flow out,

out; to put

awfrtt^tcn, to raise up, straighten,

extend.
aui^mad^en, to

ber 5luffa^ (-e,

-^c),

composition,
aufgcfcffcn), to

make
to

essay.
auffi^cn (fag auf,
ift

out

(fire,

etc.);

to

make
(a

up,
dis-

constitute;

settle

mount.
auffte^en (ftanb auf,
ift

pute).
aufgcftanbcn),

au^fd^tagcn
{aux.

(er

fd^Iftgt

au3;

fd^Iug

to stand up, get up.

auftrctcn
(cr
tritt

aug, au^gefd^Iagen), to strike out;

ift

auf; trat auf,

fein),

to break out, bud,

aufgctreten), to step

up (upon),
to

sprout.
auigfeftcn (er
fiefit

appear,
aufnjatftcn

come forward.
{aux.
fcin),

au;

fal^

au, au8*

wake

gcfcl)cn),

to look, appear.

up.
bcr SCufnjdrtcr
(-, -),

ber ^(ugenl^anbel (-), foreign

com-

attendant,

merce.
auftcr {dat.)^

waiter.

out

of,

outside of; be-

ba 5(u9C {-^, -n), eye.

augcnMicflit^,

sides, except.
(

momentary

ily),

au^erbem, besides, moreover.

auigf^rcd^cti (er fprid^t au^;

instantaneous(ly), instantly,
ber 5(uguft (-^),

fpra$ au0,

August {month).

au^gefprod^en), to express, utter,

au^ {dat.), out of, from, of, by, for, on account of. au^btlbcn, to form (out), develop, cultivate; render accomto
plished or educated.
au^brittfcn, to press or

speak out, pronounce.

aUi^itben, to practise, exercise;

to

carry out; to commit (crimes,

etc.).
bic

5tu^njanbcrung
tion.

(-, -en),

emigra-

squeeze out;

to utter, express,
bcr

auj^hjdrtig,

outward, abroad, for-

^lu^fu^r^anbet

ir^),

export

eign.
aUj^toenbtg, outside;

trade.
au^fiil^rlid^,

detailed, complete, full,

(-c8, ^t),

lemcn, to
au^lt)if(iften,

commit

to

by heart; memory.

bcr

^uSgang

act of going

to wipe out or

away;

out, exit; result, end.

to erase.

2CX5

BEGINNERS GERMAN

ber Sadft (-e,

-^c;

bcfc^Ien (er beftebit; befabi,

befolfilen),

to order,
^(tci^Icin),
fid^

command.
(befanb,

dim. ba

befinben

befunben),

to

brook.
bacfcn (er bacft; buf^'gebacfen), to bake.
ber 83drfcr {-^, -), baker.

be, feel.
begciftern, to inspire,
fill

with en-

thusiasm.
ber S3cgtnn (-e^), beginning.

baben^ to bathe.
hcL^

Sabc^immcr
25a^n
soon.
(-,

(-3,

-),

bath

bcginnen (begann, begonnen), to begin,

begteiten, to

room.
bie

-en),

path, course,

commence. accompany.
accompani-

road, railway.
haXt^,

bie S3eg(cttung (-, -en),

ment, attendance.
(-e^,
-^er),

ba6

85anb

band;

rib-

begriinben, to base, found.

bon.
bic S3attf:
i.
\

bcbaften
(-, -^c),
2.

(er bebalt; bebtelt, bebalten),

bench, bank
-en),

to keep, retain; to carry.

bebunbeltt,
treat.

{ground)

(-,

bank

to

handle,

manage,

{money hank). bar, bare; ready (money), cash. bie Sarmftcrsigfcit (-), compassion, mercy.
ber S3au (-e^, -e or -ten), building,

be^crrfc^cn, to rule over, govern.

bcbitten,

to guard, preserve, pro-

tect.

bet {dat.), by, at the side of, in con-

structure.
!iauen, to build; to

nection with, at.

till,

cultivate;

beib

e,

e^),

both, two.
hti^t^

auf, to

count upon.

beifattctt (er

fcillt bel; fiel ht\, ift

ber S3auer (-^ or -n, -n), peasant,

fallen),

to
to.

come

into the mind,

small farmer.
ber

occur
\iOi^

Saum

(-e^, -^e), tree.

S3ctn (-^, -e), leg.

ber S3aum^faft( (-, ^e), tree-pole,

betnabe, almost, nearly.

bctftctt (bt6, gebiffen),

post, stake.

to bite.

bebauen, to cultivate,
bebenfen (bebac^te,

till.

ha^
to pon-

ht'tQi6)i),

ih ^0/
sion.

83etf)jiel (-^, -e),

for

example; ^um example.

-en),

der, reflect, bear in mind.

bebeutett;

befannt,

known, acquainted.
(-,

to

inform,

direct;

to

bie

S3cfebruttg

conver-

mean,
bie

signify, forebode.

Bebeutenb, important, significant.

beflagen, to lament, bewail.

meaning, significance, importance.

23ebeutung
(-,

-en),

befommen

(befam,

befommen),

to

ber ^cbientc (-n, -n; ein

get, obtain.

er), ser-

belaufc^en, to listen to, eavesdrop.

bcffen, to

vant, lackey.

bark.

beenben {also beenbigen), to bring to

bemerfen, to perceive, notice; to

an end, terminate,

finish.

remark.

VOCABULARY
ba^ JBcmii^Ctt

20I

M),

trouble, pains,

ber cfi^ (-c^)/ possession, prop-

endeavor.

erty.
be*

6cnc^mcn (er benimmt; bcnal^in, nommen), to take away; fic^

to behave.
Ibcncnncn
(benanntc,

to

Bcfi^en (befaS, befeffen), to sit

upon,

have, possess.
bie

S3cfi^ung

(-, -en),

possession;

bcnannt),

pl.y

dominions, dependencies.
particularly,

name, designate.
Ibeciuem,
ble

Ibcfonbcr)^, especially,

comfortable,
(-, -en),

extraordinarily.

S3cratung

consultation,

Bcfonncn, thoughtful;
little reflection,

deliberation, conference, council,

bie

fiirj , with with quick pres-

83ercc()tigung

(-,

-en),

title,

ence of mind.
htipttd)tn (er befprtc^t; befprac^, be^
fprod^en), to discuss;

right; qualification.
berett,

ready, prepared.
to prepare.

fierettcn,

ftd^

mit einem

to converse, deliberate, dis-

htttxt^, already,

cuss with one.

ber S3erg (-(e)g, -c),

ber S3eruf (-(e)6,

mountain, -c), calling, voca-

ficffcr,
ficftc,

compar. of gut.
superl. of gut; auf6

beftellt,

tion, profession, office.

httixf)mt,

arranged for the best, in the

best way.
bcftanbig,

famous,
(-e^, -e),

ber S3efc^ctb

knowledge,

steady,

constant,

con-

information, answer.
bcfdfteiben,

tinuous.
Bcftc^cn (beftanb, beftanben), to un-

modest, moderate.
(befcfiieb,

unassuming;
befd^ieben),

dergo,
to

stand

(a

test),

pass

Ibefcfteiben

through, continue; to exist;

au^, to consist of.

allot, assign.
Befcftcinen
(befd^ien,

befd^lenen),

to

bcftcigcn

(beftieg,

beftiegen),

to as-

shine upon, light up.

Befcftreiben (befc^rieb, befd^rieben), to

cend,

climb,
(ship).

mount,

go

on

board

describe.
hit

Bcftctten, to order, dispose,

appoint,
de-

S3efc^reibung (-, -en), description.

arrange.
beftimmt,

determined, fixed,

Bef (ftii^en, to protect, guard, defend.

6cfc()cn (er befief)t; befa^, befef)en), to

cided, definite.
ftc5

beftrcben,

to exert one's self,

look at, regard.

Befc^cn,

try to obtain.

to occupy, engage,
of.

take

hit 23eftrebung

(-, -en), effort,

en-

possession
fiefingen
of,
bte

deavor, exertion.
Befucften, to visit,

(befang, Befungen), to sing

attend.

celebrate in song,

bcteiligcn, to assign

S3efinnwng (-), reflection; cinen

gur

terest;

ft(^

an

a share; to in
(bei),

to

have a

(p) brlngen, to bring one

share, be interested in, take part

in.

to his senses.

202
httonttt, to
size.

beginners' GERMAN
lay stress on, emphaha^

matt

(~c, ""^r;

dim. ha^

mdtU

d^en),

leaf,

blade; sheet, news-

ber f8cixa(i)t (-(c)g), respect, con-

paper.
Ibku, blue.

sideration, point of view.

htttdd)tl\di,

considerable.

htivaqcn
to

(er bctragt; bctrug, bctragen),

amount

to;

fid^

Utxhcn (blieb, Ift geblicben), to stay, remain, continue.

ber SBlcifttft (-eg, -e), lead-pencil.

to behave,

conduct one's
htttcxhtn

self.

ber JBUcf (-eg, -e), look, glance.

(betrteb,

bctrtcben),

to

Uxdtn, to look.
Mi^en, to lighten; to sparkle,
ter, shine.
bloft, adj.,

drive upon, follow up, carry on;

to pursue (studies).
hcttttcn (cr bctrttt; betrat, betreten),

glit-

bare, naked, mere; adv.,

to step on, tread; to enter upon;

only, merely.
hintftrXf

to enter (a house).

to blossom, flourish.
(-,

ha^

fSeti (-eg, -en),

bed.

hk f8inmt
-n;
etn
full
filutcn,
bliil^cn,

-n), flower.

ber 93ctcl (-, -), sack, purse.

bag S3tut (-eg), blood.

to bleed, die.

ber

83ct)ottma(l^ttgtc
er),

(-n,

one invested

with

to blossom.
(-,

power, plenipotentiary.
BcttJcifen (betnie^, betoicfen), to

bie

fSlutt^tit

-en),

flowering

prove,

time, prime.
ber

show, manifest.
ber S3chJ0^ner (-, -), inhabitant;

f&ohtn

(-g,

^),

ground,

soil;

floor, attic.

resident.

bag fSoot (-eg, -e and 33ote), boat.

borgen, to borrow, lend.
fiijfc,

ht^afiUn, to pay.
Btcber, upright, honest, loyal.
bie JBicnc (-, -n), bee.

bad,

evil,

wicked, malicious,

angry.
htauttjCtx,

ba6 S3Ub (-c, -er), picture, image,

portrait, figure.
liilben,

to use, want; to need.

Ibraun,

brown.
storm, rage, roar.

to form, compose; to edu-

Ibraufcn, to

cate.

htat)f excellent,
-^er),

worthy,

fine,

good.

bag SBUbcrbud^ (-eg,

picture-

Ibred^en

(er

bridfit;

brad), gebroc^en),

book.
bie

to break, pluck.
Brett,

Silbungi^beftrcBung (-, -en), ef-

broad, wide.
(brac^te, gebrad^t), to bring.

fort for education.

Ibtllig,

ber JBrtef (-eg, -e), letter.

fair, just.
tie; see

cheap, moderate,

bringcn

binben (banb, gebunben), to

also anbinben.
bie S3irnc (-, -n), pear.

bag fStot (-eg, -e), bread.

ber JBruber (-g, ^), brother.
BriiberUt^l,

brotherly.

hx^, as far as,

up (down)

to, to,

till.

bie 93ruft (-, -^e) , breast , bosom, chest.

hitttn (bat, gebeten) urn, to

bittc,

beg

for;

ber

f&uht

(-n,

-n),

boy; scamp,

please.

knave.

VOCABULARY
ba^ f8n^ i-ti,
Ictn),
-^cr;

203

dim. ha^ ^ild^*

gun.

hamxi, adv.y therewith, with that

(it),

book.

by

it; conj.y

in order to, so

hit IBitrfffc (-, -en),

that.

Bucftftabiercti, to spell.

banac^, for that

(it),

after that,

hixdtn, to

bow, stoop.

upon

that.
it,

ba S3ubgct

H,
(of

-), budget,

baneben, near

next to

it,

close

ba^ SSiinbcI {-^, -), bundle,

ber

by, beside.

Suttbc^rat

(-eg,

^c),

Federal

ber

^ant

(-eg),

thanks.

Council

Germany).
burden, load,

banfen, to thank.

bit SBiirbe (-, -n),

bann, then.

ber f8nxqtt (-^, -), citizen, burgher,

bcr ^urfcftc (-n, -n), lad, fellow.
bit

baran (bran), thereon, thereat, at

or

on
it,

it

(that, them), in regard

utter (-), butter.

to

to;

on the eve

of.

barauf (brauf), thereupon,

barau)^
(braug),

upon

it.

thereout,

there-

from, out of
bcr

it (this,

that, them).
it

(ba^)

Si^or

(-c^,

-"-c),

choir,

barin (brin), therein, in

(this,

chorus,
bcr ber
G^l^rtft

that); barinnen, there within, in(-en, -en), Christian,

(-t,

side.

(Ilirift(u^)
(7y

dat.

-0,

ace,

bte

^orftcttung (-, -en), exhibition,

-unx,

indeclinable) y Christ.

representation.
boriiber,
(of),

over that

(it),

thereon

about that. barum (brum), about

ba,

it.

where; then, at that time; conj., where, when,

aJz;.,

there;

ba, the; which, that.

baft, conj.,

that.

as, since,
baftet,

because, inasmuch as.

ber ^atit) (-g, -e), dative (case).

therewith, thereby, at the

ba^ Saturn
date.
bte

(-/

ctta or SDaten),

same time.
ba^
')t)atii

(-, -^cr), roof.

^aucr

(-),

duration, continu-

baburc^, thereby,
bafiir, for

through that.
it

ance.
bauern, to last, continue, remain.

that

(it).

bagcgen, against
balder,

(that).

bat)on,

therefrom, thereof, thereit

from that place, thence,

bai)tv,
tft

by; of or by

(that); thence,

hence, therefore.

away,
bafier*

off.

bafterfommcn (fam
gefommen), to

bte

^erfc (-, -n), ceiling, cover.

come

along.

berfcn, to cover.

ba^tn, thither, to that place, along,

ber X)egen (-, -),

away, gone, past; big, till then.

bomalig, at that time, then.
bic

bein

^amc

(-, -n),

lady.

thy, yours; yours.

(
,

sword.
thine, your;
ber, bic,

e,

),

cr,

e,

eg,

ba^

(ifi)c,

204
bit

beginners' GERMAN
(-, -en),

^cHtnation
^cnftrbctt

declension.

btcnftbar, serviceable.

bcfUniercn, to decline.
hit
(-,

bag ^ienftmdbcften (-g, -), servant

-en),

thought
to

girl.
btci

products.
benfen

(er,

e,

eg),

this, this

one,

{ha^tt,

gebad^t),

think;

the latter.
bte^mal, this time.

an, to think of.

-^er

ha^ ^tntmal (-g,

and -t), monu-

bag ^iftat (-g, -e), dictation.

biftieren, to dictate.

ment.
benn, for; than; unless; then.
ber (Me, bag):
i. def.

bag X)ing (-eg, -e), thing.

2.

art.,

the;

ber

^ireftor

(-g,

-en),

director,
or

demons,
(one); 3.
that.
bcr*(bic',

pron.
rel.

and

adj.,

that

pron.,

who, which,
that
one,

manager, principal master (of a school).

bttJtbiereti,

head-

to divide.

ba8=)iemge,
it

hit ^itJtfion (-, -en), division.

bocft,

those; he, she,

pron.).
bcr*(bie*, bag^)feI6c,

{before a rel.

but, yet,

still,

theless,

though;

however, neverdo fag mir

the same.

be^l^alb, therefore,
befto, the,
elier,

so

on this account. much; \t fd^neHer,

clear,

me; hd^ t)erfte]f)en le ? you certainly understand that? I hope you understand that?
tell

the quicker, the sooner.

distinct (ly),
intel-

ber Cottar (-g, -g), dollar.

ber ^Ottnerftatt (-g, -e),

bcutUdft,

resounding

ligible.

beutft^,

adj.,

German;

of thunder.
gSf)Ien,

count in German; auf

bonnern, to thunder.
ber ^onneri^tag (-eg, -e),

in

Thursday.

German.
bag ^eutf(f|e
(-n),

bag Xiorf (-eg,

-^er),

village.

German
e,

(lan-

bort, there.
bortfelbft, see bort,

guage).
eln ^eutfdfter (ber

bte

en),

brei, three.

German.
ber ^eutfd^ficrremjrben (-, -), the

ber

^reifeigiaftrige

^rieg.

Thirty

Years'
breift,

War

(1618-48).

knights of the
ber
b.

German

Order.

bold(ly), courageous.

^eutft^Ianb (-g; neut.),

^esember
bag

(-g),

Germany. December.

britter (-e, -eg), third.

bag ^rtttet (-g, -), third.

broftenb, threatening.

ft.,

f)et6t.

bicftten,

to compose, write poetry.

ber

^ufatcn

(-g, -), ducat.

ber ^tcftter (-g, -), poet.

btcf,

bumm,

stupid.

thick, fat, stout.

bunfel, dark,

gloomy, obscure.

ber
ber

^ieb (-eg, -e), thief. Wiener (-g, -), servant.

bunfetn, to

grow dark.

biinn, thin, fine, small.

burtft

ber ^tcnft (-eg, -e), service.

{ace), through, by,

by means

ber ^ten^tag (-eg, -e),

Tuesday.

of, across.

VOCABULARY
burdjlcud^'ten, to light

205

throughout,

ber igcntiimct (-, -), proprietor.

cigcntiimlic^,

brighten, illuminate.
burd^mac^ctt, to finish.
bur(^i$icften (^09 burc, burc^gcgogcn),

(belonging to) excluspeed, hurry,

sively; peculiar, strange.

bte (SUe (-), haste,
cUctl, to

to draw, pull or pass through.

biirfcti

hasten, hurry.

(er

barf;

burfte,

geburft), to

etn (eine, ein), a, an, one; adv., in, into.

dare, be permitted, ought.

i(^

But:
Simi-

f)abe
:

augcjc^en biitfcn.

cinanber,

another,

one

another,

larly miiff en, f onncn, mogen, fotlcn,

each other.
cin^nngcn to bring
citier

moKcn, etc.
ber 2)urft (-c), thirst.
biirftcn,

(brad^te etn, eingebracfit),

in.

to thirst, be thirsty.

bie (^in^ufec (-, -n), loss,

(

burftig, thirsty.

e,

damage.

),

one; a person, peosort; all the

ple.
cincrlci, of
eficn,

one

same,

even, level, smooth; adv., just,

immaterial.
cinfad^, simple, single.

precisely, quite, certainly.

ebcnfatt^, likewise.

cbcnfo, just so;

Qut

ber
Xoxt,

infatt (-(e)g,

-^e),

falling in;

just as

sudden
ber

idea, notion.
(-ffe^,
-iiffe),

good
ccfig,

as.

annflug

flowing

\>k @cfc (-, -n),

edge, corner.

in, influence.

angular, cornered.
noble,

ber
ber

@inful)rf)anbe(

(-g),

import
etn, ein*

ebe(,

highborn;

Sble,

trade.

ber

man of noble birth or character. bdmann (-e^, -leute), nobleman.

sooner, earlier, before, former-

ctnnrabcn

(er griibt ein;

grub

gegraben), to dig in; to engrave.

cinftcrgetjen

(ging etn{)er,

ift

einf)er^

ti)tf

gegangen), to

move

along,

wan-

ly; ere.

der about.
e]f)C.

c^cr, cojnparative of
ci^rcn, to

cin^olcn, to bring in,

go to meet or
einige,

honor, esteem.
venerable.

fetch; to obtain; to overtake.

cinig,

e^rlic^,

honorable, honest, just.

one, single,

united;

c^tltJiirbtg,

any, some, a few.

ba^ @t (-eg, -er), egg.

ct!

eimgcmal, a few times.

ftd^

ay! indeed! why!

jealous, envious.

cinigcn, to agree.

cifcrfiidfttig,

bie bie

tmgfeit (-), unity.

Ctgen, proper,
cial;

own, peculiar, spe-

strange, curious.

inigung ment.

(-, -en),

union, agree-

bte (Jtgcnart (-, -en), peculiarity.

cinja^rig,

lasting

one year;
one year.

ber

Ctgcnfinmg, self-willed, headstrong.

etgentUd^, proper, real, really,

(Siniaf)rig*i^rein}iltige,

volunteer

prop-

soldier serving

erly speaking.

cinmal, once, one time, once

upon

2o6
2.

BEGINNERS' GERMAN
time,

f;Uf

sometime, just, only; suddenly; noc^ , OBce

emporbringcn

(brad^tc entpor, ciu);m'ii

gebrad^t), to raise

up

or

forward,

more.
r.'>3

promote.
cmpori^cben
(f)ob

inmalcin^, once one, multi-

empor, cmporge^o*

plication table.

ben), to raise up.

cin;

tftinc^mcn

(er

nimmt

na^m
in,

eltt,

\i6)

emporf(^mingen

(fc^toang

cmpor,

eingenommen), to take
In;
lect.
c^tAtiditen;

gather

emporgef(f)tt)ungen), to rise or soar

to capture; to receive, col-

up.

bag nbc (-g, -n), end, terminato arrange, order, estabtion; aim, purpose, object.
enbgiiWtg, final.

lish, furnish.

eta^, adv. J one, of

bit

one mind.

enblid^, final, last; finally,

enbloi^, endless, infinite.
\iit

at last.

(Hn^

(-), (the

number) one.

w^xifam, lonely,

lonesome, solitary,

nbung

(-, -en),

ending.

alone.
^iafctfUcftlic^i,

englift^,

English.
(-n),

inclusive.
(-(e),
-^c),

bag nglifc^c
prohibi-

English (lan-

HiX

(Bin\ptndj

guage).
ber nfcl (-g, -),
tiit

tion, protestation, opposition.

grandson.

dft, once,
vnuftnjeilcn,

one time, some day. in the meantime.

concord, union.
begin.

ntberfung (-, -en), disco very ^

disclosure.
cntfattctt (er entfallt; entfiel, ift ent*

bic intrat^t (-),

efntrctcn (er tritt ein;trat ein,ift cingc*

treten), to step in, enter; to

fallen), to fall

from or out

of.

cntgcltcn

(er

entgilt;

entgalt,

ent*
for.

bcr itttritt (-(c) g, -e), entering on,

golten), to suffer for,

atone

entrance, admission.
hit ^tn^al^l (-),

cnt^ alien (er entfialt;

ten), to hold,

entf)ielt, entfial^^

singular (number).

contain.

einjcln, single, separate, solitary.

bcr inaclftaat (-e^, -en),

(single)

state.
tit

cntne^mcn (er entnimmt; cntna^im, entnommen), to take away or from, borrow from.
entfc^ulbtgen, to excuse.

tfcnfia^tt

(-,

-en),

railway,

railroad.

entfcnbcn

(entfanbte,

cntfanbt),

to

bag lemcnt (-g, -c), element.

bie

send
ing.

off.

(^Uctn {pi. only)^ parents.

(er

entfprcc^cnb, suitable, correspond-

empfangcn
empfc^Icn

empfangt;

empfing,

cmpfangen), to receive.
(er

entujebcr, either.
etnpfaf)!,

cmpfief)It;

hit

@nttt)i(Httng

(-, -en),

develop-

cmpfof)Ien), to

commend, recom-

ment.
entstucibreci^en (er brid^t entatoel; brac&
entatuet, entsmeigebrod^en),

mend.
cm^jfinbcn (empfanb, etnpfunben), to
feel,

to brea*

experience.

in two, asunder.
evlbauen, to build up, erect.

em^or, up, upwards, on high, aloft.

VOCABULARY
ha^ Qtht (-0), inheritance, heritage.
crMic^, hereditary, heritable.

207

crSffnen, to open, unclose; to disclose, publish,

erratcn (er

errclt; erriet,

crraten), to

ba^ (SrWcit (~^, -c), inheritance.

bcr (SrbbaE

guess, divine.
crreic^cn, to reach, attain.
erricftten,

M),
(-,
soil.

globe, world. earth,

bk rbe
ground,

-n),

world;

to erect, set up, found.

erf(^aHen {aux. fein), to resound,

ring.
erfcftUcfecn
(erfd^Iog,

bag rbcnrunb (-e), ^ee (grbball.

bag ^rbgefrffofe
floor.
hit

(-ffeg, -ffe),

ground
of the

erfd^Ioffen),

to

open, unlock; to disclose; to con(-),

@rbfunbe

knowledge
-t),

clude, infer.
crfcftrcrfcn
(er
erfd^ricft;

earth, geography, geology.

ber @rbtci(
(-eg,

crfc^raf,

ift

part of the

erfd^rocfen),

to

be

frightened,

world, continent.
crfalftrctt (er erfiif)rt; crfulir, crfal^rcn),

alarmed, startled.
crft, firstly,

for the first time;

not
bie,

to learn,
ble

come

to

know.
invention.

until;

only; but just; htv,

e,

rfinbung
sult.

(-, -en),

bag

the

first;

er,
e,

eg,

crfolgcn {aux. feln), follow from, re-

first,

foremost.

erftaunen (aux, fein), to be aston(ergrlff,

ergreifen

crgriffen),

to lay

ished, surprised.
crteilen,

hold
eri^ alien

of, seize.
(er tv\)alt; tx^idi, erfialten),

to impart, give, bestow.

ift

ethjad^fen (er ertoad^ft; ernjud^g,

n)ad^fen), to

er*

to keep, uphold, maintain, receive.

etl^eblid^,

grow, grow up. erlDarten, to look for, expect, await.

bie

important, considerable,

(^toaxinnq

(-, -en),

expectation,

weighty.
crfcnnen (erfanntc, erfannt), to
to recognize.
erflarcn, to explain; to declare.
fid^

anticipation.

know;

crtoeifen (ertoieg, ertolefen), to

prove,

show, render.
ertoibcrn, to reply,

answer.

erfunbtgcn, to inquire.
(erlitt,

ersafften, to tell, relate.

bie

erleibcn

erittten),

to suffer,

rjal^lung (-, -en), narration;

endure, undergo.
crlijfcftcn

narrative, account, story.

erlofc^,
ift

(er

erllfc^t;

er*

crjiel^eii

(ergog,

eraogen),

to

rear,

lofd^en),

to extinguish, go out,
effaced.

bring up, educate.

bcr (Sfel (-g, -), ass,

become
etna^ren,

donkey.

crmittein, to find out.

cPar,
support,

edible, eatable.
ifet;

to

nourish,

cffcn (er

a6, gegeffen), to eat.

maintain.
crnft, earnest, serious,

bag @ffcn (-g), eating, food, meal.

grave.
ber
fetiftft

(-e^^ -c)/ dining- table.

bie

Qtohttnnq

(-,

-en), conquest,

bag @ft5tmmcr (-g, -), dining-room.

cttDtt, perhaps, indeed,

acquisition (by conquest).

nearly, about.

208
titt)a,

beginners' GERMAN
somewhat,
il^r.

something, some; a little.

ba^ ??elb (-e8, -er),

ber gcli^
(-en, -en)
(-^, -), rock,

field.

or ber

gelfen

cucr (eurc, cuer), your; gen. of

cttJtg,

cliff.

always, eternally, forever.

eternity.
(-6, -tnina),

ba^ gclfenrtff (-e, -e), reef, ridge

or ledge of rock.

bie @njt(|fcit (-, -en),

ba^

jamcn

examina-

ba^ gcnfter (-, -), window.

tion.
bie

bk

fjerien {pi. only)^ vacation, holi-

gpcbttion (-, -en), dispatch,

days.
fern, far (off), distant.
fertig,
feft,

forwarding, expedition.

ready; complete.
hard.
(-, -en),

fast, firm,

bie Seftftcttung

the deter-

bk
ber
bit

fjofirif (-, -en),

factory,

manu-

mining, establishment, the fixing.

ber fjefttag (-e, -e), holiday, festi-

factory.

gaben
Saline

(-^,

^),

thread.

val day.
finben (fanb, gefunben), to find;

(-, -n), flag,

banner.
or
f)at gefalfi*

fasten

(er fdf)rt; ful^r, ift

fid^

to find one's

self;

to be (in

rcn), to

go

(in

a conveyance), go
travel,

condition, place).
ber

on;
sail,

to proceed,

drive,

Singer (-^, -), finger.

journey.
(-, -en),

ber gldc^feninftaft (-g, -e), surface,

bie i^aftoxti

agency; facbie

contents, area.

tory.
fatten (er
fall,
fiittt;

gramme
SJIcifcId

(-, -en),

flame.

ftel,

ift

gefallen),

to

Pattern, to flutter, float in the wind.

drop.
(-, -n),

ba^
family.

(-eg), flesh,

meat.

bk Samilic
fangcn

f(etfttg,

industrious, diligent.
ift

(er fdngt; ftng, fiefangen),

to

fltegen (flog,

geflogen), to fly.

catch, take prisoner.

flicficn (flofe, ift gefloffen),

to flow.

bk ?yarbc
faff en,
faft,

(-,

-n), color.

bie fjlottc (-, -n), fleet,

navy.
stream,

to seize.

ber Slur (-e^, -e), hall, corridor. ber

almost, nearly.

S^ug

(-ffeg, -^ffe), flow,

foul, lazy; foul, rotten.

bie fjauft (-, -^e), fist.

river, circulation.

folgen {dat.), (aux. fein), to follow.

ber
bie

gcbruar

(-),

February.
quill,

fotgcnbermaftcn, as follows, in the

Scbcr (-,-n), feather,

or absent; to be

pen.

following manner.
forbcrn,

fcl^lcn,

to miss, fail; to be missing

to

demand,
challenge.
-en),
(-,

require;

to

wanting or debie

summon,
i^oxm
shape.
ber gorfc^cr

ficient; to ail.

form, figure,

ber fjc^ler (-^, -), mistake, fault. ber i^tkxtaq (-e, -e), holiday, festival.

(-g, -), searcher, in-

vestigator.

ber geinb (-e^, -e),

enemy.

bag Sort (-, -g), fort, fortress.

VOCABULARY
fort,

209
in ber

on; away,

off;

forward, on-

bte

ward.
furticftc^cn (beftanb fort, fortbeftan*
ben), to last, endure,
exist.
fortfatircn (er fiijrt fort; ful^r fort,
ift

continue to
bie

Srcmbc, foreign country; , abroad.

(er
frlfet;

freffen

frag,

fiefrcffen),

to

eat {oj beasts).

S^^eubc (-, -n), joy, gladness, delight, pleasure.
freubig, joyful, cheerful.

fortgefa^ren), to depart, drive off

away, travel proceed, go on.

or
fortfdjirciten
fci^ritten),

off;

to continue,

freuen, to

make

glad, please, give

pleasure to;
fort,
ift

fic^

(liber

or gen.),

(fd^ritt

fortgc*

to rejoice, be glad, be pleased,

ber
bte

to

move onward, make

(-eg,

greunb

(-eg, -e), friend,

(-,

progress, improve or advance.

ber
Sortfc^ritt
-c),

Sreunbin
friend.

-nen),

female

progress,

advance, improvement.
btc fjortfc^ung (-, -en),

frcuttblid^, friendly,

kind, cheerful,

carrying on,

bte greunbft^aft (-, -en), friendship,

continuation.
forttrcilben
(trieb fort, fortgctricbcn),

ber ?Jrtebe(n) (-ng, -n), peace.

frier en (fror, gefroren), to freeze,

be

to drive

away or onward;
question.

to pro-

cold.
frifd^,
frol^,

pel, carry on; to continue.

bic f?ragc (-, -n),

fresh, vigorous.

happy, gay, joyous.

joyous, joyful, gay, merry,
(-(0^)/ cheerfulness,

fraqen, to ask.
granfrctc^i (-g; neut,),

frij^lid^,

France.

ber Sro^ittn

ber St^an^ofc (-n, -n),

franjofifc^,

Frenchman.

happy

disposition.

French.

fromm, pious, upright, honest,

bie fjrud^t (-, -^e), fruit,
friift,

bag gransofifd^e (-n), French (lan-

guage).
btc

early.

Srau

(-,

-en),

woman,

wife,

bag Srii^ja^r (-(e)g, -e), spring,

ber griitjling (-g, -e), spring,

madam, Mrs.
bag Srdulcin (-g, -), young (unmarried) lady. Miss.
fret,

bag

ffru^ftitrf (-g, -e),

breakfast.

free, at liberty;

fit^len, to feel.

tiaben,

to

fii^ren, to lead,

carry (on),
-leute),

have a vacation.
bie Srci^eit (-, -en),
fretlid^,

ber

freedom.

Su^rmann (-eg, man, driver,

fivefold

coach-

to be sure, of course, cer-

fitnf, five; fiinfte, fifth.

tainly.

fiinffad^,
(er fprid^t fret; fprad^ fret,

(times);

bag

frelfpre^cn

giinffad^c,

portion five times as

freigcfprod^en), to acquit.

great, quintuplet.
funfein, to glitter, shine, sparkle,
fiir

ber Sreitag (-g, -e), Friday. ber Sreimitttge (-n, -n), volunteer.

{ace), for.
ir),

^tm'^t strange, foreign;

unknown,

btc f^urc^t

fear;

tor,

fear

unusual.

of.

2IO
fiircfttcn,

BEGINNERS GERMAN
to fear.
(-en, -tn), prince, soverbic

^ebulb

(-), patience,

endurance,
gefaffcn;

bcr

fjiirft

forbearance.
gefaKett
(er
gefiillt;

eign.
fitrtoai^r,

sefiel,

indeed, forsooth, verily.

ber gufe

H^/

'^^),

foot; gu

dat.)j to please, suit.

on

gegen, prep, {ace), towards, against;

foot.

about, somewhere near,

bcr Sufeboben (-6,

or ^), floor.

bcr

cgcnftanb

(-c^,

-^c),

object,

ber ffufegangcr (-, -), pedestrian.

hit SJufercife (-, -n),

subject, affair.

walking tour.

ha^ cgcntcil (-c^, -e), opposite,

contrary.
gCgCttiiber,

adv.,

opposite;

prep.

{with dat.
bic

preceding),

opposite

bcr
bcr

@abc( (-, -n), fork. algcn (-^, -), gallows.

(to),

opposed

to, in relation to,

as concerns,
ble cgcnttjart

@ang
Q^an^

(-c^, -^c),

path; hall, cor-

(-),

present time;
to go,

ridor.
bic
(-, ^t),

presence.
goose.
all,

gc^en (ging,

ift

gcgangen),

gatlj,

whole, entire,

complete.
all;

gar, quite, entirely, very, at all;

prepared;
nid^tg,

nid^t,

not at

walk; to go or fare with; to be (in health); bag gef)t nic^t, that

will

not do.
belong
to.

nothing at all. ber arten {-^, ^), garden. bcr drtncr (-, -), gardener.
bo^
(^a\i\)avi^

gcl^ijren {dat.), to

ber @cift (-eg, -er), spirit, soul,

mind,

intellect; f)umanen elfteg, of the

spirit of culture.
gcifttg,

(-eg,

^er),

hotel,

inn.
gebarett
(fie

spirituous, spiritual;

men-

Qcbiert; gcbar, gcborcn),

to

tal, intellectual,

bear, give birth to.

bag cflirr (-g, -c), clanking.

ha^ cbdubc {-%, -), building.

gclangcn {aux.
gclb, yellow.

feln),

to reach, arrive

gcbcn
c6
hcL^

(er ^\hi\ i^ah, gcQeben),

to give;

at, attain (to), get.

fiibt,

there

is (are).

cbict (-e, -c), district, prov-

bag clb (-eg, -cr),

bcr clbfarf (-eg,

money,
money-sack,

ince, territory.

-^e),

geboren, born,
bic cfiurt

by

birth, native. birth, origin,

bag.
gelegentlid^, occasional, incidental,

(^, -en),

family.
ber eburti^tag (-(c)^,-c), birthday.
bic cbanfctttoclt (-, -en),

on an occasion, on occasion
gclcftrt,

of.

learned, instructed, well-

thought
to re-

informed,
ber clcl^rte (-n, -n; ein

world, ideal world.

gebenfen
(gebac^tc,

r),

learned

gebac^t),

person, scholar.

member;

to intend, design, plan.

geUngcn

(eg gelingt

mir; gelang,

ift

bag @cbt(^t (-eg, -e), poem.

gelungen), to succeed, prosper.

VOCABULARY
gcmcittfam,

211
(-, -en), society, as-

common, held
good-natured,
(fitting),

in

com-

bie

efettMaft
sociation,

mon.
gcmittlid^,

company,

social gath-

kindly,

ering.

agreeable, cheerful; cozy.

bag @cfe^ (-eg, -e), law.

bie

gcnau,

close

accurate,

efe^gebung

(-, -en), legislation.

minute, exact.
bcr cnittti (or
-ctit),

gefe^t, fixed,

established, set up;

-, -c), geni-

sedate.

tive (case).

bag efic^t (-eg, -er or -e), sight,

genug, enough, sufficiently.

bcr (3coioq (-en, -en), geologist.

gefinnt,

countenance, face. minded, disposed.

yesterday.
health.

ba6

e^kuber

(-, -), chatter.

geftern,

g(e)rabe,

straight,

erect;

even;

gefunb, sound, healthy, well.

bie efunbfteit (-, -en),

straightforward; quite, just.

ba6 crid^t (-e^, -c), court of justice,

bag etreibe (-g, -), corn, grain;

bag etretbefom (-g,
-^er),

judgment.

cereal,

gering, small, little, trifling,

unim-

grain.
getreulitft, faithfully.

portant.
ber

crmancnftamm (-eg, ^c), Germanic family, race, stem.

genjalttg,

powerful, strong, mighty.

bag enjdffer (-g, -), water (collective) , flood.

gent (Ueber,
to like.
bie

am

liebften),

with pleas-

ure, willingly, readily;

Ijiabcn,

getocrBlid^, industrial, professional.

bie

^eminnung

(-, -en),

gain(ing);

@efamt0et)blferung
total population.

(-,

-^n),

acquisition.
gettiift,

sure(ly), certain(ly).

bcr

efamtmcrt (-e8, value (worth, price).

-e),

total

bag ehJtffen (-g, -), conscience. genjd^nli(^, usual, ordinary, cus-

bcr

@efang

(-e, -^c), singing,

song.

tomary, common.
bag ettJiirs (-eg, -e), spice, seasoning.
ber (SJehiiirsl^anbel (-g), spice trade,

bag eft^aft (-eg, -e), employment,

occupation, business.
geftffc^en (eg 0cfd^ie()t; gefc^al^,
fd^e{)en),
ift

ge*

to happen.
(-,

commerce
history,
gicrig,

in spice.

bie

efcfttd^te

-en),

greedy.

story, affair.

ber t^jfel (-g, -),

(-g,
-),

summit, top.

bag

efdftmeibc

trinkets,

ber

^(ans

(-eg), luster, brightness,

jewels.

splendor, magnificence, glory.

gldnjenb, brilliant, splendid.

bag efdftofe (-ffeg, -ffe), arrow, firearm; floor, story.

btc @ef(fttoifter (pi. only),

bag &ia^ (-eg, -^r), glass, drinking

glass, etc.
bcr lofer (-g, -), glazier.

brother(s)

and

sister (s).

ber @cfeff(e)

(-(e)n, -(e)n),

com-

glauben, to believe, think.

gleid^, alike,

panion, fellow.

even, level, equal.

212
gtcie^giifttg,

beginners' GERMAN
equivalent, indifferent.
griigeti,
giittig,

to greet.
valid,
legal,

ba^ Itcb (-eg, -cr),

member,

link;

binding, ap-

rank or

file.

plicable, admissible.
bie

gli^ern, to glitter, glisten.

@unft

(-), favor.

bag liirf (-eg), luck, fortune, success, happiness.

gliirfHc^,

gut

(beffer, beft),

good, well.

bag @ttt (-eg,

-^er),

good thing, pos-

fortunate, lucky, happy,

session, property, goods, estate,

successful.
glii^en,

farm.
ber @i)mnafiaft (-en, -en), pupil of

glow, burn.

W W
bag

(SJnabc (-, -n), favor,

good- will,

a i)mnafium.
bag

grace, mercy.

@l)mnafmm

(-g, -ien),

German

bag @oIb (-eg), gold.

golben, golden, gilt.
olbfiiftc (-, -n), gold-coast.

higher school in which the classical

languages are emphasized.

ber (^oii (-eg, ^er),

God, god.
governor.
bag
ber

ber outjerncur (-g, -e),

bag (iJrab (-eg,

-^er),

grave.

^aar
^afcn
half.

(-eg, -e), hair.

ra^

(-eg, ^er), grass.

ftaficn (er ()at; f)atte, gel^abt),

grau, gray.
grauentjott, awful, horrible.

(-g, ^),

to have. haven, port, har-

bor.

grctfen (griff, gegriffen), to grasp.

ber

@rei^

(-eg, -e),

old man.

ftalii,

Jpalbfugcl (-, -n), hemisphere.

grtecftifc^,

Greek.
(-n),

ber

^alm
^al^
(er

(-eg, -e), blade, stalk.

(-eg, -^e),
f)a(t;

bag

rtcc^ifcldc

Greek

(lan-

ber

neck.
ge()alten),

guage).
groff, tall; grogere

l^atten

f)lelt,

to

%xqfi% a rather
tallness, greatbie

hold, keep; to support, maintain; to contain; to celebrate; to

large

W
ber

number. @rogc (-, -n),

green.

think.

ness, size.
griitt,

^anb

(-, -^e),

hand.

ber
(-g,
-),

^anbel

(-g), trade,

commerce,

runbbcri^cr
to

landed

affair,

business.
(-, -en),

proprietor.
griinben,

W ^anbcli^beste^ung
mercial relations.
hit

com-

ground,
(-, -en),

establish,

found, base.
bie

^anbel^flottc (-, -n),

runbform
tal

fundamenbie

cial fleet, fleet of

commermerchantmen.
(-,

form(s) (principal parts).

(-,

^anbel^meberloffung

-en),

hit

riinbung
to

-en), founding,

foundation, establishment.
gritnen,

commercial settlement, colony. bie ^anbcli^ftabt (-, -^e), commercial

city.

grow

or be green; to

thrive, prosper.
bic

ber ^anbcli^toeg (-eg, -e),

path of

@ruppe

(-, -n),

group.

commerce.

VOCABULARY
hit

213
(-),

^anhlnm

(-/ '^^)t action, busi-

bic

^eimat

home, native place

belonging
to

ness, trade, shop.

bcr ^anhtr)ttUhm{tt^c (-n,-n), trav-

or country.
l^ctmatUt^,

native,

eling artisan,
bic
hit

^anfa

(-),

journeyman. Hanseatic league.

one's home.
l^eimltc^, secret (ly).

^anfoftabt (-, ^c), city of the Hanseatic league.

bcr ^ctmttjcg (-eg, -c),

way

or road

home.
l^Ctfe,

f^att,

hard, harsh, severe, cruel, obhateful, loathsome, ugly,

hot.
(l^icg, gel^ctfecn),

stinate, difficult.
i^aftUc^,

i^eigen

to

command;
mean.

to be
i^eitcr,

named,

called; to

unpleasant.
bcr

bright, cheerful,
(-, -en),

^an^

(-c, -c),

breath, breeze,

bic

^clbcntat

heroic deed,
hero(ic)

aspiration.

bcr

^dbcnbatcr
(er fiilft;

(-8,

--cr),

^auen

(!)lcb,

gcf)auen), to

hew, cut;

father.
iftclfen

to lash, strike, beat.

W^r

9cl)oIfcn; dat.),

ha^ ^anpt (-e^,

bic ^auptfadfte

-^cr),

head, chief.

to help; to profit, avail; to

do

(-, -n), chief

mat-

good.
5ctt, clear,

ter,

main

point.
chief (ly),

bright.

^au^tfac^liri^,

principal,

Iftcnfcn,

to hang,
(-, -n),

main.
bie

bic
-^e),

^etinc

hen.
since,

^amjtftabt (-,
capital.

chief city,

l^cr,

hither, this

way, near,

ago.

bie ^au^tftraftc (-, -n),

main

street.

f)txah^aUtn
ift

(er fiillt l^crab; fid Ificrab,

ba^ ^an^tttii (rt^, -t), principal

part.

l^erabgef alien),

to

fall

down.

^croBfteigen
ftiegen),

(ftieg fjcrab, ift l^crabgc*

ha^ ^anpttt)oxi (-c^, ^tx), noun.

to descend, dismount.

ba^

^an^

(-e^,

-^er),

house; nad^

ftcrantnaciftfctt (er mcid^ft l^cran; h)ud^

aufc Qcl^cn, to go home; ju aufc, at home.

bic

Scran,

ift

J^crangenjad^fen), to

grow

up.
i^craui^fcnbcn (fanbtc Ificrau^, ^txau^^

^au^int

(-, -en),

front door.
lift.

i^cbcn (f)ob, gcf)obcn), to raise,

gcfanbt), to

send out.

ha^ ^ccr (-e^, -c), army. ha^ ^cft (-e^, -e), handle, stitched or

bcr ^txh^t (-eg, -c),

autumn,

bcr ^crfiftmonat (-, -c),

autumn

paper-covered book; copy-book. bie ^ctbe (-, -n), heath, uncultivated land.
bag ^tihtnxMUin {-^, -),
little

month.
l^ercin!

(come) in!
l^cr;

IJcrfa^rcn (er faf)rt

Ificrgcfafircn),

ful^r ^tx, ift

rose

to

come
in

hither, ap-

on the heath.
^cil! hail!
f)txl\Q,

proach,

arrive

vehicle,

move

or drive hastily along.

holy.

l^ermarfr^tcrcn {aux. fein), to

march

i^cim,

home, homeward.

hither or along, approach.

214
bcr J&crr

beginners' GERMAN
(-n, -en), master, lord,
l^tttlegett,
fid^

to lay

gentleman, Mr.
bcr ^crrfd^cr (-, -), ruler, sover-

to

lie

down; to put away; down.

to, as to,

l^ittfid^tnii^,

with regard

eign,
bcr

commander,

touching.

^crrfd^ertl^ron

M,

-c(n)

),

jointer

{witk dat. or ace), behind,

ruler's throne.

after.

i^crumltegcn

(lag

l^erum,

l^cruntQc*

l^iniibcrsie^ctt

(jog btnilbcr, btnttbcr*

IcQcn), to lie

around.
bring down.
l)txt>ox,
ift

gcsogen),

to pull over; to pass

fteruntcrl^olcn, to

over, extend.
l^cr*

titvi)ovtommcn {tarn
t)orgcfoTntncn),

i^itiautrcten (cr tritt binju; trat l^ingu, ift

to

come

forth

binsugctretcn), to step
bcr

up

to, join,

(out, up), appear,

^irt

(-en, -en),

shepherd.

bag ^crs (-cn^, -en), heart.

ffCt^idi,

^oc^ (^o^cr, bod^ft), high, tall, great,

hearty, cordial, afiEection-

noble.
i^oc^i^cilig,

ate.
fittttt,

most holy,
(-,

to-day.
of to-day, of the present

bic

^o^\6)vXt

-n), higher school

l^eutig,

or university,
bcr ,!&of (-c^,
-^c),

time.
l^tcr,

yard, courtyard;

here.

court, household (of a sovereign)

Iioffcn,

i^icrattf,

bcr
bic

^mmd

hereupon, upon this, then, (-, -), heaven, sky.

(-, -(c)n), fields

to hope.

l^offcntUcft, (as) I

hope.
height, high level;

$tmmcl^au(c)

hit

^oi)t

(-, -n),

or

meadows

of heaven.

^tmmlifdfl,

heavenly.

^olb, pleasing,
l^oten,

summit, top; mountain. charming, lovely,

to
fetch,

^tna^jagcn, to hunt (drive, chase)

get;

to

draw

down.
IftinabttJcrfcn
(er
h)irft

(breath),
\)imh;
toarf

bcr
\>(x^

f)inab,

f)inabgctDorfcn),

to

throw

^oUanbcr (-, -), Dutchman. ^olj (-c, -e or ^tx), wood,

l^inauf,

down. up

^forcn, to hear,

(thither),
ftcE)t

up

to.

bcr ^iigcl (-, -), hill.

i^inaui^fci^cn (er

f)inau; fal^ l^in*

l^uman, tending to refine, cultural,

bcr ^uttb (-eg, -e), dog.
Iiunbcrt,

an^, ^inau^gcfcfien), to look out.

l^inein, into.

fttnctnrufcn

(rief

|)lncin,

!)incinQcru*

fen), to call in or into.

hundred, (-), hunger. ftungcrn, to hunger, be hungry,

bcr

hunger

^tncinfden, to sow into (the ground),

bic

starve.
l^ungrig, bcr

<$tngabe

(-),

giving

away,
bingc=

hungry,
(-c8,
-"^c),

surrender, devotion.
i^tngebett (cr gibt ()in;

$ut

hat; cover,

gab bin/

bcr filter (-g, -), guardian, keeper,

gcbcn), to give to

(away); to sur-

bcr ^utmaci^cr (-, -),

hat-maker,

render, sacrifice.

hatter.

VOCABULARY
bk 3al^rC)5clt
season.
tftr

215
{-, -en),

time of year,

{nom, pL of bu), you;

ftc),

{dat,

ha^ 3[a^r^unbcrt (-3, -e), century.

jd^rtg, year long, lasting a year,
bcr
it,

of

to her; poss. adj., her,

its,

their,

your; poss. pron., hers,

ba

Sanuar

(-8),

January.

theirs.
tftrtgc

(ber,

bic,

always, at a time, each; {before

comparatives), the;

),

hers, its,
bit

befto,

theirs;

{with

cap.),

yours;

the

the.

S^xi^tn, your family.

jcbenfatt)^,

at

all

events, in any case,

each, every,

tm=iTi

bent.

however.

immcr, always, ever, more, continually.

inbeffen,

more and

jcb

er,
e,

eg),

iebcrjctt,

at

all

times.

in (dat.), in, at; (ace), into.

ichc^mai, each (every) time,

jebod^^

meantime, meanwhile; while, however, nevertheless.

^nbtaner
{-^, -), Indian.

however, nevertheless, yet.

er,

jcmanb, some one.

icn
(

bcr ber

c,

eg),

that one, the

^ttbifatb

(-(e)^,

-e),

indica-

former.
jc^t,

tive (mood).
ber ber

now.

Sngcnicur

(-^, -e), engineer.

jc^ig, present,
hit

now

existing.

Sn^att

(-e6), contents.

3ugcnb

(-),

youth, young peo-

tnnen, within.
innttoofjncnh,

ple,

indwelling,

innate,

ber

Sua

(-(g)), July.
iiingfte

inherent.
in^

ing, young;

3cit,

recent
lad,

= in

ha^,

time,
ber

in^ftcfonbcrc, especially.
bic Sttfcl (-, -n), island.

Sungc

(-n,

-n or -ng), boy,

youth.
hit Sungfrau (-, -en),

tnfotneit, in

as far as, so far, accord-

young woman,

ing as.
tntcreffottt,

virgin,

interesting.

ber

Sunt
(bag)

(-(g)),

June,
(-g, -c or

ha^ Stttcrcffc {-^, -n), interest, ad-

ber

Sumct
gem.

-en),

vantage.
xntcxnaUonalf international.
tntticnbig, inside,

jewel,

within.
ber ^ajfcc (-g, -g), coffee.
bic ^offcctaffe (-, -n), coffee

Stalicn (-^; neut.), Italy.

itoliemfc^, Italian.

cup. ^ai*

ber ^at)n (-g, ^e), boat.

ber 5latfcr (-g, -),

emperor;
empress,

bic

3
ja,

ferin (-, -nen),

bic

yes; indeed, truly, certainly,

of course,

^aifcrfomtlie (-, -n), imperial

you know,

family, family of the emperor.

lax^ttio,

bag Sai^r (-e6, -e), year.

without an emperor.

2l6
bie

beginners' GERMAN
(-,

Slaifcrhjiitbc

-n), oflace or

ber

to complain to one of some-

position
iffiiirbe,

of

the

emperor;

see

thing.

^(ang

(-eg, -^e),

sound, tone,

fait, cold.

ringing; repute.
(-6 or -en, -en),

ber

^amcrab

com-

f(ar, clear, bright.

bie 5!laffc (-, -n), class. bie

rade, companion, fellow.

ber

^omm

(-e6, -^e),

comb.

^laffcnu^r

(-, -en), class clock.

fammcn, to comb. f am^jfen, to fight, combat, struggle. ber ^am^jf (-e^, -^e), battle, combat.
ble

bag

^llaffcnsimmcr

(-g,

-),

class

room.
bag ^Xctb (-eg, -er), article of clothing,

5lampfc^luft (-), eager desire for

battle.

garment, dress.

fictbcn, to clothe.

bag

5lapital

(-,

-ten),

capital,

ficin, small, little.

flctnafiattfrfi,

principal.
ber ^a^Jttolift (-en, -en), capitalist.
bie

Wo|jfcn, to

of i\sia Minor. knock, beat, pK)und.

^artc

(-,

-n), card,

map,

chart.

flug, intelligent, clever, wise.

ber ^aftcn (-g, -), box, chest.

bie

ber
bie

^nabc

(-n, -n), boy.

(-,

^a^c

(-,

-n), cat.

^na^cnf d)ute

-n), school for

faucn, to chew.
faufcn, to buy, purchase.
ber

boys.
ber ^nccftt (-eg, -c), servant.

aufmann

(-g,

-leute),

merfo

fniipfen,
tie,

to fasten together, join,

chant, tradesman, shopkeeper.

faitm, hardly, scarcely;
. .

knot.

.,

ber ^od^ (-eg, ^e), cook.

bie ^oi^lc (-, -n), coal.

.,

scarcely
(-,

.,

when

bie

^c^lc

-n), throat.

ber or bag ^olonialbcrdtft (-eg, -e),

fci&rcn,

to turn, sweep.
(-e, -e),
bie

colonial province, domain.

ber

^cim

fcin,

germ, embryo. not any, no, not a; fein^ i)on

the two.

^olonialmac^t
Colonic

(-, -^e),

colonial

power.
bie
(-,

beiben, neither of

-n), colony.

ber better (-g, -), cellar.

ber Slolomftttor (-g, -en), colonizer.

fcnncn (fannte, gefannt), to

know,

fommcn
bie

(fant,

ift

gefommen),
-n),

to

be acquainted.
bie

come, arrive, happen.

-ffe),

^cnntni^

(-,

knowledge,

^omlJagnie
{military).

(-,

company

information.
ber ^erl (-eg, -e), fellow, worthless

bag 5lonbtmcnt (-g, -e), seasoning.

ber

fellow,

bad character.

^ijmg

(-g, -e), king.

fcut^cn, to pant, gasp, cough.

tiOi^

bag ^omgrctc^ (-eg, -e), kingdom,

5linb (-eg, -er), child.

bie

empire.

ftnblt;^, childlike, childish.

bie ^irtftc (-, -n),

Conjugation
tion.

(-,

-en), conjuga-

church.

Ha gen,

to complain; cinem ti\Q^^

fonjugtcrcn, to conjugate.

VOCABULARY
bcr

217
cow.

^oniunftit)

(-(e)6,

-c),

sub-

bie ^nf) (-, -^e),

filial,

junctive (mood).

cool.

tonmn
bcr

(er

farm; fonntc, gefonnt), to

to; to

fiinftig,

future, coming.
(-, ^e), art, skill.

be able

know, understand.
head.
-c or -en), head-

bit

tunft

to^f

(-e^, ^e),

ber

^urfiirft

(-en,

-en),

electoral

ba^

^t)|jftoc]^ (-e^,

prince.
furio^, curious, singular.

ache.
ber

^oxh

(-e6, *e),
-^er;

basket.

ber

^urfu^

(-, -fe),

course (of in-

ba6 5lorn (-e6,

d^en), grain.

Jfw. ba^ ^drn*

struction).
furs, short.

ber 5EiJrper (-^, -),

bie ^iJr^crft^aft

body.
corpora-

bit ^liifte (-, -n), coast, bie

shore.

(-, -en),

^utft^c (-, -n), carriage, coach.

^utfc^cr
(-^,

tion,

body.

ber

-),

coachman,

foftbar, costly, expensive, valuable,

driver.

excellent, precious.
fi^ftlic^,

costly, excellent, delicious.

(-, -^e),

hit ilraft

strength, vigor,

la^tln, to smile.
lacftcn,

power, force, energy.

fraftig, strong,
frafttJOtt, full

to laugh.
-^),

powerful, forceful.

ber Sabeti (-^,

bie

shop, store.

of strength, powerful.

Sage

(-,

-n), situation, position,

franf, sick,

ill.

condition.
iaffxttf

bie ^ranf^ictt (-, -en), sickness, ill-

lame, crippled.
soil;

ness, disease.

ba^ Sanb (-e^, -e or ^er), land,

^rans (-e^, -^e), garland, wreath. ba^ ^xaut (-e^, -^er; dim. ba^ ^vauU
ber
lein),

country; state; ju
bie

by

land.

Sanbc^marf

(-,

-en),

border,

herb,

plant,

vegetable,
bie

boundary
tional
diet,

of a country.
(-,

weed.
bie

SanbCi^tJcrtrctung

-en), na-

^reibc

(-, -n),

chalk, crayon.

body

of representatives,

ba^ ^reuj (-e^, -e), cross, crucifix.

ber

parliament, congress.
(-e^, -leute),

^reu55ug

(-e^, ^e),

crusade.

ber

Sanbmann

farmer,

ber trteg (-(e)^, -e), war. ber ^riegcr

peasant.
ber

M, -), warrior, soldier.

(-(e)n,

Sanbi^mann

(-e^, -^er),

country-

ber ^rieg^tjcrt

-en),

comcrown

man, compatriot.
bie Sanbftrafec
(-,

mander-in-chief.
ber

-en), highroad,

^ron^rins

(-en,

-en),

highway, main country road.

lang, long; lange, a long time.
bte

prince.

frumm,

crooked,

bent,

curved,

Sangc

(-, -n),

length.

twisted; dishonest.
bit ^iiti^c (-, -en),

langfam, slow, slowly.

laffen (er
lafet; liefe,

kitchen.

gelaffen), to let,

ber ^ucftctt (-g, -), cake.

ber ^urfucf (-(e)6, -e), cuckoo.

leave (alone); to let go; to cause

or

have (done).

2l8
bic 2aft (-, -en),

beginners' GERMAN
load, burden.
(cifc,

low, soft, gentle.

ba6 Satein (-g), Latin (language).

kteinifc^, Latin.
gelaufen), to

bic Scftion (-, -en), lesson. bic Scrd^c (-, -n), lark.

loufcn (cr ISuft;

lief, ift

Icrncn, to learn; augn^enbig

to

run. ba6 Saufcn (-^), running.

laut, loud, noisy, aloud.

learn

by

heart.

U^hax,

legible.

Icfctt (er lieft; lag, gclefen),

to gather,

(autcn, to sound, read.

itbtn, to live.

pick out or up; to read.

bag
Scfcftiirf (-eg, -e),

selection for

ba^ Scbcn

H,

-), life.
-"-ffe),

reading, piece.

ber ScBcn^gcnuft (-f{e^,

enjoy-

le^t, last, latest, latter.

ment
Icrfcn,

of

life.

bie

Scnte

(^pL),

people, men.

Icbcnjoi^n farewell,

good-by!

ber Seutnant (-g, -g), lieutenant.

to lick.
ftd^

legen, to lay, put, place;

lie

bag Stc^t (-eg, -er or -e), light.

,

to

Ixth,

dear,

beloved,

valued,

down.
(-,

bte

Scgcnbc

-n), legend.

charming; love, like, be fond of.

tractive,
bit

\)abm, to

at-

bie 2cl)ranfta(t (-, -en),

educational

Sicbc (-), love.

institution, school.
bie Sciftrc (-, -n),

licben, to love, like.

teaching, theory,

liebUd^,

charming (ly).

precept.
Ic^rcn, to teach.
ber Scl^rer (-, -), teacher.
bit

ber Sickling (-g, -c), favorite, pet,

darling.

bog Sicb (-eg, -er), song.

Sd^rerin
teacher.

(-,

-nen),

(female)

Hcgcn

(lag,

gelegen),

to

lie;

to be

situated.
(-),

bic

Sc^rcrjaftl

number

of

bit Sinic (-, -n), line; in erfter

in

teachers.

the
-^er),

first

place.

bag Sci^rfad^ (-eg,

subject (or

linf (-C or -cr, -c, -eg), left; linfg,

branch) of teaching.
ber Sd^rling (-g, -e), apprentice.
U\(ili, light,

to the left,
bit

on the

left.

2xppc

{-, -n), lip.

easy.
feitt,

loiien, to praise.

Icib, adj.

(used with

tun, tDer*

lodxq, curly.
ber Soffcl (-g, -), spoon.
(ol^ncn, to

ben), painful, disagreeable; eg

ntir

am

sorry; eg tut mtr

ift

reward;

eg lo\)nt

\ici)

(ber

urn te, I pity you, I

for you; bte
"iPferbe

am

sorry

iattn ii)m

SD^iifie), it is

worth while.
-^er),

bag Sorbccrbtatt (-eg,

leaf.

laurel-

he was sorry for the horses.

leiben
(Ittt,

gelitten)

an,

to suffer

lo, loose, free, released, flowing.

lufc, loose; dissolute.
lijfctt,

from; to endure, tolerate, permit.

Iciber,

to loosen, untie, solve.

ift

unfortunately.

lo^Qcfftn (ging log,

loggegangen),

VOCABULARY
to

219
(-en or -eg),

come

cinen
bic Sttft

or go off; to begin; auf to fly at, attack.

-^c),

bcr

^ax^

March.

ha^ SJlatcrial (-^, -icn), material,

stock,
bic SD'latl^ematif (-),

(-,

air,

atmosphere,

breeze.
bic Suft (-, -^c),

mathematics.

pleasure, joy, de-

ha^

aWaul

(-eg,

-^er),

mouth

(of

light, desire.

beasts).

m
madden, to make,
effect; to
bic

bic

Wlau^

(-,

-"-c),

mouse.

ba^ SWeer (-eg, -c), sea,

do;
to.

to

cause,

ntcerfremb,

strange or unused to

amount

the sea.
bag Wltifi (-g), meal, flour, powder,
tnci^r

Ma^i

{-, ^c),

might, strength,

power; powerful state, madfttig, mighty, powerful, strong. ha^ McLt>6)tXi (-^, -), girl, maiden,
maid.
bic

(generally

bic

ere),

indec; hut pi., more, several; further;

-en),

alg,

more than.
(-,

SRcftrsal^t

majority;

Wia^^ (r, ^t), maid, kitchenmaid, general servant.

plural (number).
tncin

tna^Icn, to mill, grind.

bcr aflat (- or -t^),

May.
Wla^b,

my, mine; mine; bag mine.

(
,

e,

),

er,

e,

eg,

ber,

bie,

(t0)e,

bic ajlaib (-), (poetical), see

tnctncn, to

be of the opinion, think,

-en),

suppose, mean, mat, times, time; once.

bic

SJlcinung

(-,

notion,

maUn,

to paint.

opinion, intention, thought, will.

tttcift

ber SJlalcr (-^, -), painter.

(superl. of mt^x),

most.

man

(indec), people, one, they.

(

tticiftcni^,

for the

most part, mostly,

melody, tune,

tnanc^

er,
c,

e^),

many

(a),

generally,
bic SJlclobic (-, -en),
air.
bie SJlctonc (-,

many

a one, much.

mandftnal, sometimes, often.

ber SJlann (-e6, -^er), bcr SWantelfad (-c,

man, husband. -^c), portman-

-n), melon,
-n), great quantity

bic

SRcngc

(-,

teau, saddlebag.

or

number; multitude, crowd,

ha^ Wlaxditn (-g, -), (fairy) tale,

legend.
bic
bic

mass,
ber SKRenfc^ (-en, -en),

human being,

Matint

(-,

-n), navy.

person,
bic SDlenfc^iftcit (-),

Mart

(-, -en),

boundary, bor-

humanity, man-

der country; mark, coin = about

24 cents.
bic

kind.
mcrfen, to mark, observe, perceive,
note,

WlatU ber WlatU

place.

(-,

-n),

stamp

(letter).

(-t^,-^t),

market, market-

bag aWcffcr (-g, -), knife,

(ber)

marfc^tcren (aux. fein), to march.

midiacm (ber tag), Michaelmas (day) (Sept. 29th).

220
bic SJltcne
(-,

BEGINNERS GERMAN
-n), mien, bearing,
mijgliti^,

possible.
(superl.

expression.

Mc

mm

mijglic^ft

of mogltd^),

as

(-),

milk.
-^cr),

... as possible.
milk glass.
ber

ba^ Wlii(i)qla^ (-e^,

tnilb,

Wlomi

(-g, -e),

month.

mild, tender, gentle, kind,

ber Tlontaq (-eg, -e),

Monday.

generous.
ber SJZUitarbicttft (-eg, -c), military

moralifc^, moral.

tnorgcn,
friif),

service.
bie 9Jlitttarbc (-, -en),

milliard (bil-

lion).
bie SJlittion (-, -en), million.

morning, to-morrow; to-morrow morning. ber SJlorgen (-g, -), morning, dawn; on the next day. am folgenben

tnorgcnf(^iJn,

as beautiful as the

bie bie

Wlxnt

{-, -n),

mine.

morning.
ntiibc, tired.

mirmit

(-, -n),

minute.

miftgiittfttg,

envious, jealous.
along,

bie Wlixfic

(-,

-n), trouble, pains,

ber 9Jltffionar (-g, -e), missionary.

tnit,

effort,

labor; nld^t ber

iDert,

adv.

and

sep,

prefix,

not worth while.

ber

along with, together; {in compounds), CO-, fellow-; prep,

to. (dat.),

WlnUtt

(-g, -), miller.

bie SlRuItipUfatwtt (-, -en),

multipli-

with, along with, together, at,

cation.
ber Wlttuh (-eg, -e
ntiinblitft,

and

^tx),

mouth.

tnitfidngcn (brad^te mit, mitgebrad^t),

orally.

to bring with or along.

tnurrcn, to

murmur, grumble, com-

mitcinanbct,

with

one

another

plain.
ttiiiffcn

(each other).
bag
SJlttgltcb (-g, -er),
(er lauft

member.
lief

mugte, gemugt), (er mug; must, to be obliged to, have to.

mttlaufcn

mtt;

mit,

ift

ber 2)lut (-eg),

spirit,

mood,

disposition,

mitgelaufen), to
or along with.

run with, along

courage.

ntutig,

courageous, spirited.

ber SOlittag (-g, -e),

ha^ aWittagcffcn

noon (day). (-g, -), noonday

bie abutter (-, ^),

mother.

meal, dinner.
ha^ WlittdaUtt (-), Middle Ages.
tnttten,
bie

m
nad^ (dat.), after, later; towards,
to;

midway,

(in)

the middle

of.

Wlitttxna^t (-,

-^e),

midnight.

ber WlitttDod) (-g, -e),

tttittoirfen,

Wednesday.
assist,

degrees;
nadftbem,
after,

unb by aufe, home.

,

little

little,

by

to

cooperate,

adv.,

afterwards;
as.

conj.,

collaborate, take part, contrib-

according

ute towards.

ber ^^ladjfolgcr (-g, -), successor.

narffgiebig, flexible, yielding.

mogcn

mag; mod^te, gemoc^t), to like, desire, be willing; to be permitted; to be possible; may.

(er

ber 91ac^mittag (-eg, -e), afternoon.

bie 9lacftrtc^t (-, -en),

news.

VOCABULARY
bcr S'lac^fd^uift (-c6,
-^c),

221

new

batch,

ticugicrig, curious(ly).

reenforcements.
nat^ft (superl. of naif)), next, nearest,

ha^ S^cuja^r (-eg, -e).

not.

New

Year.

ncutt, nine; neunte, ninth.

tticftt,

closest.
bic

^adii (-, ^t), night; ilbcr over night, during the night.
needle.

nid^t^,

nothing; mir

bir

quite

coolly, without ado.

nit,

bie 9label (-, -n),

never.
^icbcrbcutfefte
(-n,

ber S^lagcl (-^, ^), nail.

naft (na()cr, nad^ft), near, close (by);

ber

-n),

Low

German.
nicbcr, nether, low,
iid)

(e)

an, near to.

(-, -n),

down.
Icifet

bic

9^a^c

nearness, neigh-

mcbcrlaffcn

(er

fi(

niebcr;

borhood.

IteS fic^ nieber, fic^ ntebergelaffen),

htx^amt(n) (^(n), -n), name, title. named, of the name. namlic^, namely, to wit, that is to
namcni^,
say.
ber
9^1

to

sit

down,

settle.

mcbctfc^iaucn, to look

down.

nicbcrft^icften (fd^ofe nieber, nieberge*

arr (-en, -en), fool, idiot.

niebrig, low, vile,

bie 9lafc (-, -n),

nose.

naft,

wet.
9flattottalbcnfma(
(-(c)^,
-^er),

down. mean, lowly. niemanb, no one, nobody. ntmmcr, never (again).

fd^offen),

to shoot

bas

nod^,beside, further; still, yet,as yet;

national

monument.
na-

another;
(case).

einmal, once more.

ber S^otionatfciertag (-eg, -c),

ber 9lomittatitJ (-g, -e),

nominative

tional holiday.

bag S^lattonatttcb (-eg, -er), national

song.
bie Station (-, -en), bie

ber 9florbctt (-g), the

norbnjdrt!^,

North. northward.

nation.

ber '^ot)tmhcv (-(g)),

bie 9'lot (-, -^e),

November.

9^atur (-, -en), nature.

need, want, necesnecessarily,

natMtc^, natural (ly), of course.

bie 9laturtt)iffcnfc^aft (-, -en),

sity, trouble, difficulty.

nothjcttbigcrnjcifc,

nat-

of

ural science.
nei^en (dat. or ace), near,

necessity.

next

to,

bie bie

^nU

(-, -en),

naught, zero.

beside.

ncbcn^cr, along, beside.

S^ummcr (-, -n), number, cipher. nun, now, well.

nur, only, merely, scarcely, a little

ncftmen

(er

nimmt; nal^m, genom^*

men), to take, seize.

ncibtfcft,

while ago, but just, just.

gu nu^e;

envious, jealous (auf, of).

madden,

to turn to adself of.

ncin, no.

vantage, avail one's

ber

ncnncn (nannte, genannt), to name,

call.

Slu^en (-g), vantage.

use,

profit,

ad-

ncn,

new; neuere @prad^en, modern

nit^Hd^, useful,

advantageous.

languages.

nu^io^f useless, unprofitable.

222

beginners' GERMAN

o
vh,
if,

ber

Onfcl

(-, -), uncle.

whether.

ba^ C^fct (-^, -), offering, sacrifice,

ohtUf above, aloft,

top.

on high, at the

victim.
H^crfrcubig, willing to
fices, self-sacrificing.

make

sacri-

ober^atb, above.
hit bit

Ohtxiippt

(-, -n),

upper
first

lip.

Op^Ctn, to sacrifice.
Othtntixd^, orderly, regular,

Ohtvpvima, upper
school, ninth year.

(grade);

proper,

highest class in a

German
-n), a

higher

usual.
ber Often (-^), East.

hit

Ohtxxtali^nit

{-,

German
by

bie

Oftern (pL), Easter.

Austria.
eastern, easterly.
(-, -en),

higher school in which the ancient languages are displaced

fifterrcic^ (-^; neut.),

ijftlicft,

the modern, and where the arts,

sciences,

bie

Oftmarf

eastern border

and technical subjects

upper

country.
bie Dftfcc (-),

are emphasized.
hit

Baltic Sea.

second (grade); seventh year in a GerC^crfchinba,

man

higher school.
bag
ftc^

oberft (superl. of obcr), top, highest.

ber Obcrft (-en, -en), chief, colonel.
bie Obertcrtia,

$aar

(-eg, -c), pair, couple.

^acfen,

to be gone;

ftc^

feiner

fifth

upper third (grade); year in a German higher

SBege

to go his way, clear out

on

his

way.

school.
bic

ha^ ^apitx (-g, -c), paper.

ber ^apxcttoxh (-cS, ^), paper-bas-

Obrigfctt {-, -en), magistrate,

authorities.

ket.
ber

ha^ Obft (-e^), fruit.

Dblt)Oi|l,

$arf

(-eg, -e),

park.

though, although.
(-g,
-^),

ha^ ^^artamcnt (-eg, -e), parliament.

iparlamentarifd^, parliamentary.
hit ^eitfcfte (-, -n), bie

Dber, or, or else, otherwise.

ber

Dfcn

oven, stove.

whip.
person, role.

offcn,

open, frank, public.

public.

$crfon

(-, -en),

ijffentlic^,

ber ^farter (-g, -),

clergyman, parto whistle.

ber Ofpsicr (-, -c), officer.

flffncn,
oft,

son, minister.
ipfctfen (pflff, gepftffen),

to open.

often.

ber

pfennig

(-g, -e),

the smallest

ijftct!^

o^nc

(acc.)y

{compar. of oft), quite often. without, but for, ex-

German
I cent.

coin, tott

mark; about

cept;

save without his seeing, so that he did not see.

ba6,

that;

hai

but

that,

bag $ferb (-eg, -c), horse.

bie

er bemerfte,

^fingftcn

(pl.)y

Whitsuntide,

Pentecost.
bie

ha^ Oftr (-(e)g, -en), ear.

ber Dftobcr (-()), October.

^^an^t

(-, -n),

plant.

pflan^tn, to plant.

VOCABULARY
hit ?Pf(ottmc (-, -n),
bit

223

plum.
care
(of,

^flcgc

(-, -n),

for),

fic5 tati)cn,

to take revenge.

tending, fostering, cultivating.

hit hit bic hit

raM, quick (ly).

ber

$iftok

(-, -n), pistol.

^aitnpla^

(-c^, ^e),

lawn.

^kgc

(-, -n),

plague.
plantation.
(-, -en),

bie 9f{oft (-), rest.

^(antagc

(-, -n),

bcr 9iai^^ttt (-n, -en),

alderman,

^lantagcn&cfi^ung

plan-

councilman.
bic fftaitc (-, -n), rat.

tation possession, dependency,

dominion.
bcr bcr

bcr 9lcalgt)mnafiaft (-en, -en), pupil

$la^

(-c, -^c), place.

of a QfJealQtjmnafium.

$la^regen (-,-), sudden down-

ha^ OieaIgl)mnafium (-^, -ten), see

also i^mnafium;

pioi^iiti),

pour of rain. sudden (ly).

{-^, -t), plural

German

higher
is

.school in

which Greek
is

re-

bcr ^plural

(num-

placed by the modern languages

while Latin

ber).
:ponttf(^, political.

given with fewer

task or

lessons than in the tjntnaftum.

bie dttti^tnan^Qaht (-, -en),

ber ^ratt (-^),

bounce, rebound.

ha^ ^vd^tn^, present tense.

^rcuftctt (-^; neut.), Prussia.
pvtn^iid), Prussian.

lesson in arithmetic.
ted^nen, to count, calculate, reckon,

count upon.
ha^ dtcttjntn (-^), arithmetic, counting.
rcd^t,

bcr

^rins

(-en, -en), prince.

bic ^tinscffin (-, ~nen), princess. bie

$rtkjatfc^|u(c

(-,

-n),

private

school.
bcr ^rofcffur (-, -en), professor.
bic $rx)fa (-), prose.
I^rofit!

right, quite, real; properly;

f)abcn,

ten

to be right; e^ alien ?eu*

maii)tn, to please or suit

everyone.

your health!
good!
(-e^,

may

it

do you

ha^

ffttdjt

(-c6,

-c),

right,

claim,

much
ber

title,
ttti^i^,

law, justice.

ha^ ^nli (-e, -e), desk.

"tl^nnft

to the right,

on the

right.

-e),

point,

dot,

bic JRebe (-, -n),

speech.

period; sharp (of time).

rcbcn, to speak, talk.

ha^ dtthtn (-^), talking, speaking.

a
bic

regc, astir, lively, active. bcr Sfiegcn (-^, -), rain.

(-,

Cluabtatmettc
mile,

-n), square

bcr

JRegentro^fen

(-^,

-),

rain-

drop.

bie Clttarta,

fourth grade; the third

regicren, to reign, rule.

year in a
bie

German
fifth

higher school,

rcgnen, to rain.
rcicft,

OueIKe

(-,

-n), spring, source,

rich.

bie

Cuinta, year in a

grade; the second

ha^ ditx^ (-cS, -c), empire, king-

German

higher school.

dom, realm.

224

BEGINNERS' GERMAN
bic 9fJofc (-,

bic 9(?cic^ioge(e9Cttftett (-, -en), af-

-n; dim. ba 9^o3letn),

fairs of the

empire.

rose,

ber Dfieic^^fansJcr (-^, -),

Imperial

hcL^

JRog (-ffe^,-[fe), horse, charger.

Chancellor.
btc Dflcic^^regicrung (-, -en),

rot, red.

govern-

ber Stiirfgang {-t^,

-^e),

going back,

ment
diet.
retf,

of the empire.

return, retreat, retrogression.

ber 9Juf (-e^,-e), call, cry; vocation,

ber Stcic^^tag (-e^, -e), (imperial)

Parliament. ripe, mature.

-n), row, rank, line,

calling; reputation.

rufen

(rtef,

gerufen),

to

call,

ex-

bie ^Jlet^e (-,

claim.
bie DfJul^C (-, -n), rest,

order.
reifen {aux. feiit

peace, quiet,

and l^aben), to travel,

-n),

sleep.
ru^ett, to rest, sleep,

journey.
ber
JReifigc

(-n,

horseman,
an
fid^

rul^ig,

quiet (ly),

tranquil,

still,

trooper.
rcifien

peaceful.
gerlffen), to tear;

(rife,

ru^mtiott,
rirnb,

famous, glorious.

to usurp.
ift

round.

retten (ritt,

gerttten), to ride

(on
-v),

horseback),
bie DftcUgion (-, -en), religion. hit
<Bci6)t

{-,

thing,

affair,

rennen (rannte,
race.

ift

gerannt), to run,

cause, case.
Sacftfen (-^; neut.), Saxony,
ber
bie

ber Utetter (-^, -), savior, rescuer. ber

Oiftctnpfalser
(-, -), inhabit-

Sarf

(-e^, -^e), sack,

(-,

bag.
tale,

age
to

-n),

saying,

ant of Rhine.

the

Palatinate

of

the

legend, tradition.
fftg^n,

say,

tell,

speak,

pro-

tic^ten, to adjust,

arrange, put in
bie

nounce.

order; to regulate; to turn; to

Sammlung

(-, -en), collection.

address;
execute.

to judge;

to try;

to

ber Sanii^tag (-e^, -e), ber

ber

Saturday.

ber O^ic^ter (-^, -), judge.

ric^ttg, right, correct, in

ang (-e^, -^e), song, singing, Sa^ (-e^, -^e), sentence, phrase.
damage,
in-

order.

faucr, sour, cross,

ber 8c^abc(n) (-n^, ^),

ba^ 9iic^tftau^

(-fe^,

^fer),

court-

house.
rictften (rod^, geroc^en),

jury, wrongs.
to smell.

W d^alc
husk.
bag
year.
bie

(-, -n), shell, skin, peel,

ber Oliemen (-^, -), strap; thong.

tiefen^aft, gigantic.
ttttnen (rann,
ift

(i^attiaftr

(-ce)g,

-e),

leap-

geronnen), to flow,

run.
ber JJJoggen (-g), rye.

(^ar

(-, -en),

band,

flock,

mui-

titude, crowd.

wmanifcft,

Romanic, Romance.

W<ltf, sharp.

VOCABULARY
bcr Sc^iattcn (-6, -),

225

shadow.

fc^ncibcn (fc^nitt, gefd^nitten), to cut.

ber cftttcibcr (-g, -), cutter, tailor.
fd^neten, to

fd^a^en, to treasure, prize, value,

estimate.
ittjaucn, to

snow.
(-,

look at, gaze upon, be-

f(^ncH, rapid(ly), swift, quick,

bic

hold, see.

Sc^ottc

-n),

clod,

sod;

ba^ c^aufcnftcr {-^, -), show- (display-) window,

ber

ground.
f(^on, already.

rfiaum

(-eg, -^e),

foam, lather.

fd^dn, pretty, beautiful, lovely,

bic

fc^icibcti

(fc^ieb, ift

or ^at gefd^ieben),

c^o^jfung

(-, -en),

creation, for-

to depart; to separate.

mation,
to shine;
bcr
(ftratif

Mcincn

(fd^ien, gefc^ienen),

(-eg,

-^c),

wardrobe,

to seem, appear.

cupboard, case,

closet,

Merjcn, to
f(^i(fctt,

jest, joke.

bcr dftrcrf (-g, -c), fright.

fdftrcrflic^,

to send.

frightful, terrible, awful.

(fd^rieb,

ba^ Sddiff (-eg, -e; dim. ba^ d^iff*

c^en), ship, vessel,

fdftreiBcn

gefc^rieben),

to

write,
bcr dfirciibcr (-g, -), writer, scribe,

bcr (Bd^x^ct (-g, -), skipper, sailor,

boatman.
fd^tmpfen, to insult; to abuse;

secretary, clerk, author.

((ftrcictt

(fd^rie,

gefc^rieen),

to

cry
to

auf, to vituperate, rail against,

(out).
fcftrcitctt

bcr d^tm^jfnamc (-ng, -n),

abusive

(fd^ritt,

ift

gefd)ritten),

name, nickname.
fc^ilafcn (er fc^Iaft; fd^Iief, gcfd^Iafcn),

stride, proceed.
fd^tiftlici^,

written, in writing,
(-eg,

to sleep.

bcr

c^ir itt

-e),

step, stride,

ba^ c^lafsimmer (-g, -), bedroom.

fc^Iagcn (er
fci^Iagt; fd^Iug,

pace;
his

feincg d^ritteg gef)en, to

go

gcfd^Iagcn),

way.
shoemaker,

to strike, beat; to rout or defeat.

frfjlcd^t,

bcr 8(ftu^ (-eg, -e), shoe. bcr c^iui^marficr (-g,-),

bad, wicked; poor,

to shut,
(to the

((^licfeen (fc^Iofe, gcfd^loffcn),

cobbler.
fd^utbloi^, guiltless,

close, lock, join, press

innocent,

heart), conclude.

bic

d^ulc

(-,

-n), school,

f(^limm, bad.

bcr (^filler (-g, -), pupil; bic d^ii^

gcfd^Iungcn),

fc^Ungen
sling,

(fc^Iang,

to

Icrin (-, -ncn), (girl) pupil,

bic ci^itlersai^l (-, -en),

wind, entwine; to swallow,

number

of

bcr SrffliifFel (-g, -), key.

pupils,

fc^mat, narrow.
fd^mcrfcn,

bag Bd)nif)an^
relish,

(-fcg,

^er), school-

to

taste,

taste
it.

house,
bcr eftut^of (-eg,
-^c),

good;

eg fc^mcdt mir, I like

school yard,
-er),

fc^nattcn, to buckle, snap.

bag

(^ulfinb

(-eg,

school

ittfuappcn, to snap, snatch,

bic

child,
bic d^ulftttbc (-, -n),

c^nau5C

{-, -n),

snout, muzzle.

schoolroom.

226
ha^ Sci^wlsimmer
(-8,

beginners' GERMAN
-),

school-

feit,

since, for.

room.
ber

bie <Btitc {-, -n), side,

page.

8(fturfc

(-n,

-n),

scoundrel,

itxttt)dvt^,

sideways, on one side.

rogue, villain.
bie 8(^uffc( (-, -n), dish.

felbbrttt,

ber

(^u^

(-e^)/

defense, shelter,

Sefunbe (-, -n), second. each with the other two. felOft, self, myself, yourself, himbic
self, itself, etc.;

protection, care.

even.

ba^ Sc^u^gcbict (-c6, -e), protectorate; colony.

fdjhiodj,

felbftanbtg;
felten,

independent, separate. seldom, rare.

(-, -n), roll.

weak.

fcltfom, strange, curious.

hit

ber Sc^ttJanj (-e^, ^t), tail.

emmel

fc^marj, black.
f(ft rtJOrsgrau,

fenben (fanbte, gefanbt), to send.

ber Se^jtemBer (-),

black-gray, dark gray.

Qefd^tDlegen),

September.

f(^tt>ctgcn

(fd^mieg,

to

ber Seffel (-, -), seat, chair.

be

silent,

be quiet, cease (speakdiflScult,

fe^en, to set, seat, put, place.

feufjen, to sigh, groan.

ing).
id^tOCtf

heavy,

hard, seri-

bie (Bt^ta, sixth

grade; lowest class

ous.

in a

German
and

higher school.

bag

8cftttjcrt (-e^, -er),

sword.

fic^

{dat.

ace. of reflexive proitself,

ba^ Sei^ttjcrtgcflirr (-), clanking of

nouns)^ himself, herself,

yourself
(yourselves),
selves; each other;
ftc^er,

swords.
bic Sd^hjcftcr (-, -n), sister.
fcfittjirrcn,

them-

one another.
sure, guar-

to whir,
(fd^njur,

flit, fly.

secure, safe, sure, certain.

fc^rtjijren

gefc^moren),

to

flc^ertl,

to insure,

make

swear, take oath.

ber Scftnjur {-^, ^e), oath,
fc(f|!^,

antee.

vow.

fteiien,

seven;

ficbtc

(ftcbcnte),

sev-

six; fec^fte, sixth.

enth.
ber iegerfranj
(-eg, ''c),

ber
bic

See See

M,

-n), lake.

victor's

(-, -n), sea,

ocean.

wreath, garland.
ha^

ber

See^anbel

(-g),

ocean com-

Uber

(-g), silver.

merce.
ber

fingen (fang, gefungen), to sing.

(-, -), blessing.
fa^, gefef)en),

Segen

bag Singeti (-g), singing.

to see,
ber

feften (er

ftef)t;

look.
bie

Singular (number).

(-g,

-c),

singular

Se^nfut^t
very,
tft;

(-),

longing.

fittfen (fanf, ift gefunfen),

to sink.

feftnfiit^tig,
feftr,

longingly.

ber

Sinn

(-eg,

-e),

sense,

mind,
think,

much, greatly.
mar,
tft

thought, meaning; taste.

be;
ftnnen
(fann,

fcin (er

getDefen), to

gefonnen),

to

eg finb, there are.

feln,

meditate, reflect.
its;

t,

his,

e&; ber, hit, ba

cr,

c,

finnloi^,

unconscious, thoughtless,

(i8)e, his.

foolish,

unmeaning.

VOCABULARY
fi^ctt (fa6, ficfcffcn),

227
much.

to

sit.

fo, so,

thus, such (a);

fotitel,
lattfic

so or as
.
.

oI,

foUJO^il

al^ audi, as well ... as.

as long as.
fofort,

@)iamen

(-^; neut.), Spain.

immediately; at once.

bcr <Bpanitv (-^, -), Spaniard.

fogat, even.

ipan^dj, Spanish.

fogenannt, so called.
fogteic^, see fofort.

f^annen, to span, stretch, cock (a

gun).
such;

bcr oftn (-c, ^c), son.

fold^

(er,
a.

c,

i),

ipat, late.
-

cincr,

f^asicren or
bcr

ficl^cn,

to go walking.
-e),

such
bcr

^asterritt

(-c^,

ride

on

olbat (-en, -en), soldier. fotten, to owe, be obliged or bound

in duty; to be or

horseback.
f^etfen, to eat.

have

to;

(as

ba^ Bpitl (-^, -e), play, game.

f^ielen, to play.

aw^.), shall, should, ought,

n)a
foil

must;

\>a^

fein?

shall

that
b}?^

be),

what {lit., what do you

bcr

Bpxdpia^

{-t^, ^t),

playground.

ha^ ^ielnjarcngefdftdft (-, -c), toy

mean
fomit,

that?

shop.
f^ji^,

consequently, accordingly,

pointed, sharp.
{-,

then.
bcr
bic

bic

Bpta^t

-n), speech, lan-

ommer

{-^, -),

summer.

guage;
guage.

frentbc

foreign lan-

ommcrfcrtcn (pL), summer vacation, holidays.

f|>rcci^en (cr fprtd^t; fprad^, gcfprod^cn),

bic

ommcri^t^c

(-,

-n),

summer

to speak, talk, say.

heat.

bag <Bptidit!DOti (-e^,

-^cr),

saying,

(Bommetmonai (-(c), -c), summer month. bic ommcrsctt {-, -tn), summerbcr
tinae.

proverb.
f^rtngcn
(f prang, ift

gcfprungcn), to

spring, leap; to break.

bcr

S^ntd^
Btaai

(-c6,

-"-c),

saying,

maxim.

fotibctn, but.

f^itren, to trace, track, perceive.

bcr
bic

Bmnahtnh
Sonne
(-,

{-^, -t),

Saturday.
sunshine
-en),

bcr

(-e, -en), state,

country;

-n), sun.
(-),

bic

^ScrcintQtcn

taatcn. United

bcr

onnenfd^ein

States.
bcr taati8ftau)gftatt (-eg, -e), finance,

(light).

bcr

onncnftra^l

(-,

ray

administration of revenue, budget. bcr <Btah (-eg,

bic
-^c), staff,

(beam) of the sun. bcr onntag (-^, -e), Sunday.

fonft,

stick.
city.

else,

otherwise,

besides,

6tabt

(-,

-"^c),

town,
-^c),

moreover, formerly.
bic

ber <Biamxn (-eg,

stem, trunk;

Bov^t

(-,

-n),

sorrow, care,
care.

family, race.

anxiety, trouble.
forgcnfrei, free

from

ftammen, to be descended, sprung, derived (from).

228
bcr

BEGINNERS GERMAN
(-c, -^c), position; in ben
bic trcrfe (~, -n), stretch,

Stanb

extent,

fcljen,

to enable.
(-, -n), pole,

distance, extension.

bic

Stange

rod, bar,

ftrct(^ett (ftric^, geftrid^en),

to stroke,

stick.
jtavt,

spread, strike, cancel,

bcr
of.

strong, stout.

trcit

(-eg,

-e

or

igfeiten),

\tati (gen.),

instead
ftid^t;

strife,

dispute, quarrel, conflict.

(ftritt,

ftc(^en (er

ftad^, gcftod^en),

to

ftretten

geftrttten),

to fight,

stick, pierce, sting.

ftcrfcn,

quarrel, dispute,
ber

to stick, put, place.

(-eg,

Strom
Strophe

(-g,

-^c),

stream, river,
stanza,
-^c),

ber

Stcrfnabclfopf

^c),

pin-

bic

(-, -n),

head.
bcr

bcr
(-e^,

<Btxnmpf

(-eg,

stocking,

(Steg

-c),

footplank,

sock,
bic

bridge, path.
ftc^cn
(ftanb,

tube

(-,

-n), room,

geftanben), to stand,

bag Stiirf (-eg, -e), piece,

ber

be situated, be, stop.

ftcl^len (cr ftiel^tt; ftaf)I,

tubcnt (-en, -en), student.

geftoWcn), to

ftubicrcn, to study,

steal.
ftcigcn (ftieg,
ift

bag
gcfticgen), to

Stubtum

(-g,

bie

tubicn),

mount,

study,
ber Stuftl (-eg,
-^c),

ascend.
ftci(,

chair, stool,

steep.

ftumpf,
bic

ber

tein (-e6, -e), stone.

stony, rocky.
(-,

stumpy, blunt, dull. Stunbc (-, -n), hour, period;

(-, -en),

ftcinig,

recitation.
hit ttbtraftion

bic Stelle

-n), place, position,

subtrac-

situation.
fteffcn,

tion.

to place, put, set.

(-, -en),

fud^en, to seek, search (for),

ber iibcn (-g). South.
fitblicJ^,

bic

Stcttung

placing, posi-

tion, posture.

south, southern.

fterben (er ftirbt; ftarb,

ift

gcftorbcn),

bit iibfce (-),

South Sea;
sum.

(BVih\tt^

to die.
ftct^,
fttff
(

gebiet, see ebiet.

steadily, continually, always.

hit

8mmc

(-, -n),

e), still, silent,

quiet.

bcr Siinbcr (-g, -), sinner, culprit;

bie

Stimme

(-,

-n), voice.

armer
bic

condemned
(-,

criminal,

ber Stocf (-e^, -^e), stick, cane.

Sup^c
sweet.

-n),

soup,

broth;

ber (Storf (-e^), story {of

a house).

(Suppcnlpffel, see
fiifjf,

!2dffel.

ha^ BtodtDttt (-e^, -e), story, floor.

fto(5,

proud.
(-eg, -e), strand,

ber 8tol5 (-e8), pride.

ber

Stranb

beach,

bie

XaUl

{-,

-n),

table,

board;

seacoast.

iEBanbtafel,

blackboard,
day. every dav.

hk

(Straftc (-, -n), street.

bcr

Xaq

(-eg, -e),

ftrefien,

to strive, struggle.

tagtid^, daily,

VOCABULARY
bcr

229

XaUx

H,
(r,

-),

German

coin, 3

traut, clear; beloved, intimate.

bie

marks.
bcr Xatttttnhanm (-eg, ^e), fir-tree.
bit
bit

^re^^e

(-, -n), stairs, staircase,

flight of stairs.

Xantt
Xa^d^c

-n), aunt.

tretcn (er tritt; trat, ^at or

ten), to tread,

ift

getre*

{-, -n),

pocket.
-^cr),

walk, step.

ba^ Xajd^tnttt^
kerchief.

(-eg,

hand-

tre, faithful, true, sincere, loyal,

good.

bie ^afrfienuiftr (-, -en), bie bie

watch.

bit

Xtmt

(-), fidelity, loyalty.

Xa^U
Xat

(-/ -T^)f

cup.

trinfett (tranf, getrunfcn),

to drink.

(-, -en),

deed, act, action.

trorfcn, to

dry.

tdtXQ, active.
tccftniftft,

iro^fcn, to drop. ber Xtf>p\tn (-g, -), drop.

ber

technical.

ber (ba^) Xtxl (-g, -e), part, share;

Xw\t

(-eg),

comfort, solace.

sum
part.
bit

grdfeten 2:eile, for

the most

tro^ (gen,), in spite of, despite, not-

withstanding, although.
(-),

XtUnatftat
share,

participation,
interest,

ivo^btm, although, notwithstanding.

sympathy,

co-

operation.
ber

ber Xtnic^ (-eg), boldness, defiance;

-), plate.
<S(^ul5

XtUtv

H,

unb

defense and ofcloth.

teucr, dear, costly,

beloved.

fense.

ber Xiivon (-g, -e(n)), throne.

tief,

bag Xntfi (-c,

bit

-^er),

deep, far.

XuQcnh

(-, -en), virtue.

ba^ Xxtx (-, -e), animal.

bie ^ierfafiel (-, -n),

tutt (er tut; tat, getan),

to do, per-

animal fable.
bit

form, make; eg tut

sorry.

nxir leib, I

am

bit

Xintt

{-,

-n), ink.

ber

^if^

(-eg, -e), table.

Xnv

(-, -en),

door.

ber ^ifcftler (-, -), joiner, cabinet-

maker.
ba^ Sifc^tut^- (-eg,
^ot^ter (-,
-^er),

do gymnastics. bag Xntntn (-g), gymnastics.

turtten, to

table-cloth.

ber Xritl (-g, -), title.

bie
),

U
iibcl, evil,
ttl^en,

daughter.
-n), school for

bad.

bie Xo^itx\<!i)Vi\t {-, girls.

exercise, practise, drill.

uhtt (dat. or ace), over, above,

ber

toH,

Xob (-eg), death. mad, absurd.

Xxah
(-eg, -e), trot.

higher than, across, on account

of;

about, by

way

of.

ber $tor (-en, -en), fool.

itberaU, all over,

everywhere.

ber

itl^erlbnngen (ilberbrad^te, iiberbrad^t),

trdge, lazy.

to bring to or over, deliver.

tragen

(er trftgt; trug, getragen),

to

iificrgcbcn (er ilbergibt; ilbergab, iibcr*

bear, carry; to endure, suffer.

trotttig, sad,

geben), to give over, surrender.

sorrowful.

itbermorgen,

day

after to-morrow.

230
iilberteic^ett,

beginners' GERMAN
to

hand

or reach over,

umf^JontiCtt, to stretch
circle.

around, en-

present.
uftcrfcctfc^,

transoceanic,

across

unab^dngtg, independent.
unaMdffig, incessant (ly).

the ocean.
ii'bcrfc^cn {aux. fein

and

Fiaben), to

unaufmcrffom, inattentive.
unbefannt,
unb, and.

leap over, cross over (a river,

etc.).

unknown, ignorant, un-

acquainted.

iibcrfc'^cn, to translate.

iibcriibcrmorgen, the

day

after the

itnbeutlid^, indistinct,

obscure, conunsuit-

day

after to-morrow; three

days

fused.

hence.
iibertoalttgcn,

uneben,
to overcome, overable.

uneven,

rough;

power, subdue.
iibcrtoinbcn (iibcrmanb, ilbertuunben),

bie Uneinigfett (-, -en), discord, dis-

sension.
uneitii^,

to

overcome,

conquer,

sur-

disunited, at variance.

mount.
ixbxx^f left

uncnblid^, endless.

over, remaining, super-

Ungarn

(-; neut.),

Hungary.

fluous.
bic Uftr
(-, -n),

ungefd^r, approximate, about, al-

timepiece, clock,

most, near.
ungenau, inexact, inaccurate. ungcrabc, not straight, not even;

watch; time of day.

bcr

U^rmad^cr maker.

{-%, -), clock

(watch)
clock

odd.
(-,

bic

m^rmod^crci

-en),

ungliirffclig,

(watch) shop.
urn
{ace),

bie

around, about, near,

Union (-, -en), United States.

unhappy, unfortunate. the Union,

university;

concerning, over, past; for, in

bie Unitjerfitdt (-, -en),

order

to.

auf ber

at the university.

ttmbrtngctt (brac^tc urn, umgebrad^t),

unmittelbar, immediate, direct.

unrcc^t,
bie

to bring to death; eincn urn tiXQd^

not right, wrong.

to cause one to lose some-

Unfd^ulb (-), innocence, purity.

thing,

take

away something
ift

unft^ulbtg, innocent, guiltless.

from one.
umgel^cn
(giiiQ

unfcr {gen.ofXQ\x),oi us;

um,

umgcQangen),

(ber,

W,

bag)

or
,

(e)re,
ige,

to associate with.

our, ours.
untdttg, inactive.

um^crltcgcn
gen),

(lag um{)er, um^iergcle*

lie

to

around, about.

unten, below, beneath, underneath,

umfcl^rctt {aux. fein

and

l)aben),

to

downstairs.
untcr {dat. or ace), under (neath),

turn around or about.

ber

UmMkg

{-^,

-"-e),

turning up
bie

below, among.
Untcr fialtung
(-, -en),

or over;

sudden change, turn;

conversa-

cover; envelope.

tion, entertainment.

VOCABULARY
Uc
llntttixppc
(-,

231
work up, manufac-

-n),

under or

\)txathttttn, to

lower

lip.

ture, digest.
(cr

unternci^men

untcmtntmt; untcr*

Ucrbeffcrn, to render better, correct,

nat)m, unternommcn), to under-

improve.
t)txhinbcn
(toerbanb,

take, attempt.

Derbunbcn),

to

ha^ Untcrpf anb (-c^,

security.
bit

-^er),

pledge,
(grade)

bind, unite, join.

t)erbletben
(derblieb,
ift

berbllcbcn),

Untcr^rimo, lower

first

to remain, persist.
bic SJcrbrcitung
(-, -en),

the next highest year in a Ger-

propaga-

man

higher school.

tion, circulation, spreading.

tierbtenen, to earn, gain, merit, de-

untcrric^'tcn, to teach, instruct.

bcr Untcrf(^icb (-, -c), distinction,

serve.

difference.
bic

ba^ (ber) JBcrbienft (-e^, -e), gain,

Unterfcfunba,

lower

second

profit, merit;

unt, service to.

(grade) ; the sixth year in a Ger-

l^erbrangen, to

crowd out,

displace,

man

higher school.

supplant.
tocrbriefiUc^,
Jjcrcittigt,

un'tctfte^cn (ftanb unter, untergcftan*

ben), to

vexed, cross.

stand under.
to

united; ^erelnigtc 2)taa^

untcrfte'i^en,

be under

(one's

ten.

United States.

command).
Utttcrftcttcn,

ber HBcrfall (-), decay, decline, de-

to put, place under,

shelter.

terioration.

put under cover or

untcrftii'^cn, to

berfaffung^gcmdff, according to the

support, prop, sus-

laws, constitutional.
bic

tain; to second (a motion).

bic Untcrftii^ung (-, -en),

JBergangcn^cit (-, -en), past.

propping,
third

ijcrgcblic^, in vain.

support, assistance.
btc

bcrgeffcn (er

t)ergi6t;

tierga^, bergef^

Untcrtertia,

the

lower

fen), to forget.
tJcrgleic^cti

(grade);

the fourth year of a

(berglid^,

bergttc^cn),

to

German

higher school.

make equal
underto compare.
folly.

or

even,

adjust;

ber Untierftanb (-e^), lack of

standing or judgment;
unttJOi^l,
ttfft).

ba^ f8txfidUm

(-ffe6, -ffc), relation,

unwell, indisposed.
fo toelter),

condition, circumstances.
forth.
ticri^ciftungi^tJoH,

(unb

and so

promising.
traffic,

ucrfaufcn, to
bcr
fSttltflv

sell.

(-),

inter-

course,
ber fSatet (-, ^), father.

communication,

comcom-

merce.
bic fStxtcfix^ht^itfiunq (-, -en),

ha^ JBatcrknb (-^,

-^er),

fatherland,

native country; Germany,

bic

mercial relations.
ber fStxlttfX^^abtn (-, ^),

JBcranlaffung

(-,

-en),

cause,

thread of

occasion, motive.

communication

or

commerce.

232

beginners' GERMAN
tjcraeilften (bcrgtelf)/ bersiel)en),

to par-

see

i8erfef)r6be3ie()ung,

commer-

don.
bie fStt^cxijunq

cial condition.

(-),

pardon.
veto (a
bill).

tJcrflagen, to accuse,

bring action

ein
t)icl

^tto

einlegen, to

against, sue.
ijcrraffen
fen), to
(cr
toerlcifet;

(me^r, meift),

much, many.
highly

tjerliefe,

berlaf*

biclbeoc^tct,

leave (behind), forsake,

regarded,
t)ielfa(^,

much respected, much heeded.

abandon.
tier Iter en

manifold, often.

(derlor, berloren), to lose.

t)itimal{), often,

many
fourth.

times, fre-

bcr 85eduft (-e^, -e), loss,

damage,

quently.
kiicr,

injury, waste.

four;

toierte,

bermeint, supposed, imaginary.

ijcrmiffcn, to miss.

t)icrerfig,

four

cornered,

square,

rectangular.
bie 8!^iertclftunbe (-, -n),

tJcrne^men

(er t)emimmt; \)tvna^m, Dernommen), to hear, perceive.

a quarter

of

an hour.
-"-er),

tJcrfaumen, to neglect, miss.

tJerfd^icben, different.

ber ISBogcl (-^, ^), bird.

ba^ fSolt (-c,

race.

people, nation,

kicrfc^Ungcn (berfd^Iang, bcrfc^Iungen),

to twine, gulp
t^crfc^njinben

down, swallow.
ift

bie fS'olftVQXd^c (-, -n), size or

great-

(berfc^toanb,

ber*

ness of nations or racej.

bie

fd^lDunben), to disappear, vanish.

tjcrfparen, to spare, save.
bie 25erfprc(^ung (-, -en),
tierftccfctt,

SBoWcrhjanberung

(-,

-en), mi-

gration of peoples.

promise.
to

bie f8olU^d)viU (-, -n),

primary or
nationality.

to hide, conceal.
(oerftanb,

common

school.
-^er),

toerftc^cn

Derftanbcn),

ha^ fSolUtnm (-^,

t)otl, full (of).

understand.
Uerfuc^cn, to attempt, try.
Ucrtcilcn, to divide, distribute, ar-

tjolfenben, to

complete,

finish.

tooQenb^, entirely, completely.

range, apportion.
tJcrtUgcti; to

t)om = t)on bent.

toon
(dat.), of, from, by, upon, concerning.
in,

destroy, exterminate.
tocrtritt; t)crtrat, ftertre*

on,

Uertreten (er
ten), to

stand in place of another,

(-, -), representa-

tJOr {dat.

represent.
ber
ISBertretcr

in front of, in presence of,

and ace), before, formerly, on ac-

count of, with, from, against; ago.

Doran, before, on, onwards, at the

tive.

ber

fStttoanhtc

{-n,

-n; ein

^r),

head, foremost, ahead.

tjoraui^rcnnen (rannte t)orau,
ift

related one, relative.

bcr fStxtvtqtnt {-n, -n; tin

bor*

^r),

prefel-

auggerannt),

to

run ahead, in

sumptuous, insolent, saucy

low.

advance.
tjorBcrctten, to

prepare, get ready

htttonnhcti, surprised, astonished.

beforehand.

VOCABULARY
kor6Ubcn, to foreshadow, represent;

233
(-, -en),

bk ^ad\t
ber

watch, guard,

to give a preparatory education,

SBagen
SSa^l

(-g, -), vehicle,

wagon,

educate.
bic

carriage,
bic
(-, -en),

JBorbilbung (-, -en), preparation.

choice, selection,

election; bet jcbcr

(-e^,

at each elec-

bcr

JBorbcrgrunb

*c),

fore-

tion.

ground, front.
blc orbcrtafcl (-, -n),

iDa^Ien, to choose, elect.

front tablet.

toatiXf true,

genuine, real,

tiotgeftcrn,
t>otiQ,

day before yesterday.

{tarn

toa^renb {gen.)^ during; during the

former, preceding.
bor,
tft

time that, whilst,

t)orgcfoTn*

tiorfommcn
nten),

ber SBttlb (-eg, -er;

d^en),

dim.

hoi^ SSiilb*

to

come

forth,

appear,

wood,

forest.

happen.
toorlcgcn, to
bic

toalten, to dispose,

govern, rule,

lay before, display.

{-,

bic

SBanb

(-, -^c), wall,

fSotit^nnq

-en),

reading

ber SSanberer (-g, -), traveler, pil-

aloud, lecture.
ber JBormittag (-e^, -e), forenoon.

grim.
hjanbern
{aux.
fein),

to

wander,

tJornc^imen (cr

nimmt
to

t)or;

nal^m

t)or,

roam, travel,
bic SBanbcrfd^aft (-, -en), traveling,

borgenommen),

take before,

take in hand, undertake.

bic !S8Drfrf|uk (-, -n),

pilgrimage,
bcr SSanbeti^mann
{-{t)^,
-Icute),

preparatory or

elementary school.
ber S5orfi^ (-eg), presidency.
tiorfprerfien (er fpric^t dor; fprad^ t)or,

wanderer, traveler,
ber SSanbertrieb
(-g, -e),

impulse

(inclination) to wander,
bic

Dorgefprod^en),

to

or for (one), teach

pronounce to one how to

aSanbfarte

(-,

-n), wall

map

or chart,
bte SSanbtafel (-, -n),
bic

pronounce.
toortragen (er tragt dor; trug dor, dorQCtragen), to carry or bring before,

blackboard,

SSanbul^r (-, -en), wall clock.

toann,

when;
long
?

fett

? since

when?

lecture

(on),

deliver

(a

how

speech).

bag SBarenlagcr (-g^ -), warehouse,

storehouse.
toatva,

bag S^orurteil (-g, -e), prejudice.

bortiorgeftern,

the day before the

warm.
for.

day before yesterday; three days

ago.

toarten, to wait;

auf

(occ), to

wait
toa^,

toarum, why.
toad^ttt, to

watch,

sit

up; to awake.
getoad^*

etloag;

what; that which; why; see filr cin, what kind (sort

toac^fam, watchful, vigilant.

toat^fen (er tuad^ft; toud^g,
fen), to
ift

of).
toafd^cti (er toSfd^t; toufd^, gctDofd^cn)^

wax, grow.

to wash.

234

beginners' GERMAN
toenbcn (manbtc, genjanbt), to turn
(over, around, about), change.

ha^ SBaffer (-4, -), water.

tntMn, to wag.
bcr

SScg

(-e^, -t),

way, road, route;

Uiemg,
toenn,

little,

manner; passage; distance. WCQCn {with preceding or following gen.), because of, on account of,
for the sake of, for, respecting,

when,

if,

not much, few. whenever.

if,

hjcnnglcic^, as
hjer,

though, although.
gc*

who, he who.
ift

tticrben (er h)irb; tourbc [toarb],

with regard

to.

tDorben), to

become, grow, be.

bag SSc^ (-eg, -e or -en), woe; pain,

Ujcrfen (er mirft; marf, 9en)orfen), to

misery; agony of longing.

toc^ren, to prevent, oppose;
fid^

throw.

bag SSerf (-eg, -c), work, production, deed. ber SScrfeltag, see SBerftag.
bic SScrfftattc (-, -n),

to defend one's
Xot\(ii,

self, resist.

bic

ber

smooth, SSctfinad^tctt (pi.), Christmas, SBet^nod^ti^matin (-eg), Santa

soft, tender, delicate,

ber SBerftag (-eg, -e),

workshop. working-day,

Claus.
bie

week-day.
(~)/

SSei^nacftt^sci^

Christmas

ber SScrt (-eg, -e), worth, value.

hjcffen

time.
totxi,
'tilt

{gen.

of

toer),

of

whom,

because, since, while.

(-,

whose.
toCi^tocgen,

SScilc

-n), a while, time;

wherefore, on account

leisure,

of which.
ber SSeften (-g), the
toetten, to bet,

ber SBcin (-eg, -e), wine, vine,

tticifc,

wise, cunning, prudent,

(-,

West. wager; barauf

to

bic

SScifc
style.

-n), way,

manner,
to

bet on
toid^tig,

it.

bag SSettcr (-g, -), weather, storm.

(toicg,

hjeifen

gemiefcn),

show,

weighty, important.
weight, im-

point, direct,
njcift,

bie 2St(i^tigfeit (-, -en),

white.

portance, matter of importance.

ber SSibcr^aff (-g, -e), echo.
tote,
tft

njctt,

wide, broad, large, far, dis-

tant.
njetterge^cn (ging toelter,
meltcr*

how,

as, like,

when;

fo fd^on

as beautiful as.
totcbcr, again.
totc'bcrftolen, to

gegangen), to go further,
ber SBctsen (-g),
ttjeldft,

wheat. which, what; er,

bring back.

c,

eg,

toicbcrifeolen, to repeat.

which, what, who.

bic SSctte (-, -n),
bic SSclt (-, -en),

toicberfc^retben

(fd^rieb

h)iebcr,

n)ie*

wave,
world.
--^c),

bergefd^rieben), to write again.

totcberfei^ett (er fte^t mieber; fa^ tDie*

hit SSettftonbeli^mael^t (-,

power
inter-

bcr, n)tebergefe]^en), to see

again;
see

of
bic

world-commerce,
(-,

ouf
-en),

SSiebcrfel^en!

until

we

SBctoirtft^aft

each other again! good-by!

totcberum, again;

national commerce.

on the other hand.

VOCABULARY
SStcn (-6; neut.), Vienna.
bic SSicfc {-, -n)f tDtebiel,
toilb,

235
-^e),

bcr SBol^n^k^ (-t^,

dwellingresidence,

meadow. how many.

wind.

place, town.
bcr
SBoftnfi^
(-c^,

-c),

wild.

dwelling-place.

bcr SSinb (-e, -c),

toinfcin, to

ba^

SSoi^nsimmcr

M,

-), living-

whine, whimper.

room.
bic fS^oltt (-, -n), cloud.

ber SSintcr {-^, -), winter.

ber SSi^fcl
Jtiirfcn,

H,

-), (tree) top.

effect,

tooUen, to wish, will, be willing; to

desire, like,

to

work,

produce,

want, intend.

operate.
hJirfUc^, actual, real.

toomtt,

wherewith,
(-, -n),

with

which

(what).
hit

ber SStrt (-c^, -e), host, innkeeper.

bic SSirtfc^aft
(-, -en),

SBonnc

joy, rapture, bliss.

economics,

tooratl, for (in)

which.

h)irtf(l^aftlt(^,

husbandry; inn-keeping, inn. economic (al), belonging to economics or to a household; agricultural.

SSirtfc^apintcrcffc
(-,

ha^ SSort (-c6), word;

pL

-t,

con-

nected words;
buc^),
bic

-"-er

{as SSortcr*

disconnected words.
(-,

SBortfoIge

-n),

order of
at,

ha^

-n),
in-

words.
tooriibcr,

farming interest, economic

terest.

whereat,

whereof,

over,
tootion,

upon what (which).

whereof, of or concerning

bcr SSifd^cr (-, -), wiper, black-

board-eraser.
toiffcn
(er h)ei6; n)u6te,

which (what).
9en3u6t),

to

ba^ SSunbct (-^, -), wonder, aston-

know;

er toufetc fic nic^t

p ^elfen,
to help

ishment, miracle.
tounberbar, wonderful, astonishing,

he did not
himself,

know how
to do.

what

marvelous.
tounberlic^, strange,

bic SSiffenft^aft (-, -en), science.

too,

odd.

where,

in, on,

at which, when.

tounberfam, wonderful.
hjunbertjott,

bic SBorffc (-, -n),

tt)i)(ftentlt(^,

week.

wonderful.
dignity, honor,

weekly.
-n), wave, billow.
(-^),

tom\<i)tn, to wish, desire.

bic SBiitbc (-, -n),

bic

SSogc
waves.

(-,

ber f5^0QcnptaU

rebound of

majesty,
bic

oflSce.
-^c),

ber SSurf (-e^,

throw, cast.

toolset,
tooi^ilt,

whence, how.
whither,
to

SBurscl (-, -n), root.

what

place,

where.
tool^l,

well; indeed, of course; perbic

8
3<JW
(-/ -^tt),

haps, probably, undoubtedly.

toofiitdixQf

beneficent, benevolent,

jo^tcn, to count,

number, number.

figure,

charitable.
tX}ofinttt,

ja^lcn, to pay; bar

ber 3tti^n {-^,
-^c),

to

pay

cash,

to dwell, reside, live.

tooth.

236

beginners' GERMAN
5U, too.
jutfen, to jerk, start, flash, quiver.

bag Safintvtfi (-, -c or -en), toothache.

ha^ Santtn {-^), quarreling.
5.

ber 3rf^J^

M)/

sugar.

f8,=ium

^eifpiel, see 58eifpicl.

juerft, at first, firstly.

gc^n, ten;
5ci(^nen, to

it^ntt, tenth.

ber

3w9

(-^g, -^e), pull,

march; pas-

mark, draw, sketch.

sage; train.
gugefien (ging ju,
ift

ba^ Scicftncn {-^), drawing.

5Ctgcn, to

gugegaitgen), to

show, point out.

go up
hand.
5lbenb

to; to

ber S^tgcr (-g, -), pointer,

bie bie

take place; auf ben to be going on towards

3ciic (-/

-i^)f line.

evening.
bie 3Jitttft {-), future.

3ctt (-, -en), time.

bag Scit (-e^, -c), tent, vault of

Sulaff en (cr lagt gu;

liefe

gu, augelaffen),

heaven.
Scrbciftcn
(^erblfe,

to leave closed; to admit.

gcrbiffen),

to

Sum=gu

bem;

crunch, break
bite.

with

the teeth,

to elect governor;
augfe()en, to

out)erneur ma^Icn, genfter

fiin*

look out of the win-

jcrbrcdjcn (cr gcrbrtd^t; gerbrad^, ger*

brod^cn), to

dow.
jnmad^en, to close.
gunci^men
(cr

break to pieces.
ift

jcrfattcn (er gcrfallt; serftel,

len),

gerfal-

nimmt

gu; nalim gu, gu*

to fall to pieces, fall into

genommen), to take in addition,

increase.

parts or branches.
Scrfrfjcttcn

{aux.

fein),

to

go

to

pieces; to be wrecked.
jcrfc^ncibcu
(ger[(^Tiitt,

hk S^M^ (-/ 5ur=gu ber.

Siirnen,

-'^)f

tongue.
urn,

gerfd^nttten),

to

be angry

(ilber,

to cut into pieces, cut up.

about, at, with).

guriidf,

Seugcn, to testify, bear witness.

back, backwards.
to lead back;
to.
ift

ha^ S^nqni^ Hfeg, testimonial.

\dn), to draw,

-ffe), certificate,

guriirffiii^ren,

auf,

to trace

back

5te^cn (gog, gesogen; aux. l^aben

pull; to

and move,

guriirfgcften (ging guriirf,

guriidfgc*

gangen), to go back, return.

guriirf^affen,

extend.
5tcmlic^, tolerable, rather.

to

echo

back,

re-

sound.
guriirffommen (tarn
suriidf, ift gurtidf^

hk S^^^C^^)
Sicren, to

(-/

-(s)^)f

ornament,

decoration.

gefommcn),
turn.
guriirfreiten

to

come back,
ift

re-

ornament, decorate. ba^ Simmer M, -), room.

ber 3oi^n (-g), anger.

(ritt guriid,

guriidfge*

ritten), to ride

back (on horse).

5ormg, angry.
gu (dat.), to, on, by, for, at;

gu6, on foot; $ferb, on horseback; ^aufe, at home.

guriirffc^trfen,

to send back.

guriitffenben (fanbte guriidf, gurUdge*

fanbt), to send back. gwfommcn, together.

VOCABULARY
3fammcn6tttbcti
(banb

^2>1
to

gufommcn,

(einctn),

gufamtncnGebunbcn), to bind together.

duty

of; to

belong to, be the be closed.

jtttocnben (manbte gu, gugchjanbt), to

(cr
l^iilt

Sufammen^altcn
f)ielt

gufanxTncn;

turn towards.

suf ammen, gufamntcngejalten),

^mXf
Shjci,

in truth, indeed, of course,

to hold together.

to be sure.

jufammcttfommctt
fie

finb

come
ble.
5ttfte^ctt

(fam gufammcn, aufammengefommcn), to together, meet, assem-

two;

jtDcttc,

second.

bcr

3^ctg

(-(c)^, -c),

branch.

5tt)tf(i|cn

{dat.

and

acc.)^

between,

(ftanb

ju,

jufieftanben)

among. imif, twelve;

gtoolftc,

twelfth.

The Walter-Krause German

First
By
Dr.

Series

German Reader
Director of the Musterschule, Frank-

Max Walter,

and Dr. CARL A. KRAUSE, Head of the Department of Modern Languages in Jamaica High School, New York City, and Lecturer in New York
fort-on-Main,
University.

Price

90

cents

This is based, like the "BEGINNERS' GERMAN," upon the direct method skilfully worked out to meet the needs of American schools. It contains fifty selections for reading, with illustrations and accompanying questions and material for drill, carefully graded so as to develop the student's vocabulary and to assist him in obtaining a mastery of the language. Following these are fifteen additional selections of a more general character for supplementary reading, after which are included a number of well-known German songs with music, an abstract of German grammar in German, complete grammatical tables, and a full vocabulary. The book is made more attractive and useful by twelve full-page illustrations and a map of Germany. Some noteworthy features of the FIRST

GERMAN

READER
1
.

are:
is

Its

plan is simple and the material needs of the average class-room.

drill

carefully graded to

meet the

2.

Direct

for oral

and written work accompanies each

of the reading

exercises.
3. 4.
5.

The

building

up

of a

true

German atmosphere

working vocabulary is emphasized systematically. is maintained throughout the book.

It stimulates

the pupil's interest and develops real reading ability.

The FIRST
in

GERMAN READER

will,

therefore, at-

tract the attention of truly progressive teachers of

German

America.

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS

NEW YORK
CHICAGO

BOSTON

The Walter-Krause German

Beginners^
By
Dr.

Series

German

Max Walter,

Director of the Musterschule, Frank-

and Dr. CARL A. KRAUSE, Head of the Department of Modern Languages in Jamaica High School, New York City, and Lecturer in New York
fort-on-Main,
University.
Price

$1.00

This
Series.
It

is

the basic

book

of the Walter-Krause

German
fol-

contains forty-six carefully developed lessons,

lowed by

selections for reading, passages of connected

English prose for composition work, the essentials of Ger-

man grammar,
with music, a

a group of the best-known

vocabulary, and a

German songs
Germany.

full

map

of

This book embodies the best features of the direct

methody which has made Dr. Walter famous, skilfully worked out to fit the needs of American schools. It is
noteworthy in these respects
\.

Oral work

is

insisted

on from the outset.

is

2. After the
3.

preliminary lessons, reading

made

the centre of instruction.

Drill

in writing

German accompanies

the oral work and the reading

exercises.
4.

Grammar
The

is

taught inductively.

5. 6.

building

up

of a working vocabulary
is

is

emphasized systematically.

A German

atmosphere

carefully maintained throughout the book.

Five hundred and

the best teaching of
this inspiring

more German teachers representing German in America have by test found

useful text-book for beginners.

book the most

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS

NEW YORK
CHICAGO

BOSTON

Short Stories for Oral French

By Miss ANNA WOODS BALLARD,
French
in

Instructor in

Teachers College, Columbia University.

Price

75

cents

Teachers

who

are looking for material to use in

will

teaching oral French

It

be interested in this

little

book.

consists of 63

short stories or anecdotes carefully

graded and provided with questions and exercises to

assist the teacher in drilling the pupil

language.

Verb

lists

on the spoken and a vocabulary complete the

of oral drill which has recently

book.

The requirement
makes
this

been added to the school programme in various parts of

the country

book

especially timely.

Soon
rector of

to

Appear
MAX WALTER.
DiFrankfort-on-Main,
Instructor in

BEGINNERS' FRENCH, by
the

Musterschule,

Miss

Anna Woods Ballard,

and French in

Teachers College, Columbia University.

This will be the basic book of the Walter-Ballard

French

series.

It will consist of carefully

graded

les-

sons, selections for reading, exercises for drill

work on
be based
so distin-

grammar and

idiom,

and a vocabulary.

It will
is

on the direct method, of which Dr. Walter

guished an exponent.

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS

NEW YORK
CHICAGO

BOSTON

THIS

BOOK

IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED IiELOW

AN INITIAL FINE OF 25 CENTS WILL BE ASSESSED FOR F-AILURE TO RETURN THIS BOOK ON THE DATE DUE. THE PENALTY WILL INCREASE TO SO CEt<)TS ON THE FOURTH DAY AND TO $1.00 ON THE SEVENTH DAY OVERDUE.
SEP

23

1932

nm

'-'

^^^^^

VifH

^^

^^''

gtp 141936
LD
21-20m-6,'32

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY