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The Planting of English America I. Englands Imperial Stirrings A. In 1600 North America was mostly unexplored. B. Spanish had Santa Fe (1610), The French Quebec (1608), The English Jamestown 1607. C. England was Spains ally until King Henry VIII in the 1530s launched the Protestant Reformation. D. After Queen Elizabeth took the throne in 1558 England became primarily Protestant and feuds with Catholic Spain Intensied II. Elizabeth Energizes England A. Elizabeth Hires Sir Francis Drake to steal from the Spanish B. Newfound land (led by Sir Humphrey Gilbert) fails.(1583) C. Second attempt (Roanoke Island), led by Sir Walter Raleigh (1585), disappears. D. Meanwhile Spains prots were growing until the Protestant Wind destroys the Invincible Armada E. This was a key element in England becoming the master of the worlds oceans. F. III. England and Spain sign a peace treaty in 1604 England on the Eve of Empire A. Englands Population went from about 3 million to 4 million from 1550-1600 B. In the late 1500s economic depression hit thousands of farmers were unemployed and ended up as beggars in cities like London. C. Laws of primogeniture stated that only the eldest sons were able to inherit land. D. Unemployment provided workers for joint-stock companies to colonize in North America IV. England Plants the Jamestown Seedling A. 1606 The Virginia Company of London get a royal charter from King James for settlement of the new world 1. Put pressure on the colonist as they were threatened with abandonment if they didnt produce adequate riches

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2. The charter guaranteed to the overseas settlers the same rights as Englishmen. B. May 24, 1607 a hundred men disembarked to what would be Jamestown. C. Just as Jamestown was about to collapse Captain John Smith took charge in 1608. 1. When Smith was captured (1607) Pocahontas saves him and becomes a mediator between the Indians and the settlers D. Out of the 400 who made it to Virginia in 1609 only 60 survived the winter of 1609-10 E. Lord De La Warr takes charge and adopts aggression toward the Indians V. Cultural Clash in the Chesapeake. A. Before Warr arrived (1610) tensions between the Powhatans and the English already existed, when he arrived they grew even greater. 1. Warr starts the rst Anglo-Powhatan war. a) Ended in 1614 by marriage of Pocahontas to John Rolfe. B. Indians kill 347 settlers in 1622 because of land hungry settlers C. In the second Anglo-Powhatan war (1644) made one last effort but were defeated. D. The peace treaty of 1646 banished the Chesapeake, by 1669 a census revealed there were only two thousand indians living in Virginia. 1. by 1685 the English considered the Powhatans to be extinct. VI. The Indians New World. A. Disease destroyed many Native Americans tribes. B. For a while the Aglonquains in the great lake regions held much power until the Europeans began to arrive in masses. VII. Virginia: Child of Tobacco A. John Rolfe became the farther of the tobacco industry and an economic savior of Virginia. B. Tobacco caused an insane hunger for land, causing the colonist to seize Indian land. C. In 1650 had 350 black slaves, by the end of the century black slaves made up 14% of their population. D. In 1619 the House of Burgesses was created, in 1624 James revoked the charter. VIII. Maryland: Catholic Haven A. Maryland founded in 1634 by a Catholic (Lord Baltimore), Catholics got everything

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B. 1649 the Act of Toleration is passed stating tolerance to all Christians but declared the death penalty for those like Jews and atheists. IX. The West Indies: Way station to Mainland America A. The English also colonized the West Indies. B. Sugar in the Caribbean was like Tobacco to Virginia. 1. Imported more than 250,000 African slaves the 50 years after 1640. By 1700 black slaves outnumbered settlers 4:1. a) Because of this the Barbados slave code of 1661 stated slaves had no rights and owners had every. C. Carolina adopts the Barbados code in 1696. X. Colonizing the Carolinas A. Formed in 1670 was named after Charles II B. 1707 Savannah Indians end alliance with the Carolinians but not before thinning. C. Rice became Carolinas main crop XI. The Emergence of North Carolina A. Many new comers to the Carolinas were squatters B. North Carolina was ofcially separated from South Carolina in 1712 C. When the Tuscarora Indians attacked in 1711 North Carolina defeated them and sold them into slavery XII. Late-Coming Georgia: The Buffer Colony A. Formally founded in 1733 it was the last colony B. The English intended Georgia to become a buffer between the Carolinas, Spaniards and the French. XIII. The Plantation Colonies A. Religious toleration for all Christians expect for Catholics. B. Maryland, Virginia, North/South Carolina, and Georgia, were all plantation colonies. C. Slavery found in all of them. (1750 in Georgia) D. All had some religious toleration.