future christchurch

AMANDA NAKARMI

Contents
Soil Group Research 5

Formal Investigation

13

Progam and Site

27

DALIA ALTIMIMI AMANDA NAKARMI JEREMYWYMER CHUN QUN ZHANG

soil group research

The Formation of New Zealand

600 - 380 Million Years ago. Sediments and Volcanoes forming.Between 370 Million Years ago and 130 million years there is a lot of plate activity : pushing apart and uplift, beginning the break up.

Age of Land in Christchurch and Surrounding Areas

85 Million years ago : Finally the break up of the New Zealand Edge of Gondwana.

60 Million Years ago : The Tasman sea has fully opended up. The New Zealand continant is wearring down and sinking

25 Million Years Ago : New Zealand is nearly submerged in the sea. <2 MA <23 MA Last 20 Million Years : The uplift begins again subtly. But around 5 million years ago there was increased uplift resulting in the formation of the Southern Alps. <100 MA <300 MA <350 MA <500 MA

The Changing Shape of New Zealand

New Zealand During the Last Glaciation

Banks Peninsula

Christchurch Banks Peninsula

CANTERBURY

CHRISTCHURCH CITY

Glaciers Outwash and aggradation

56-34 MA

34-23 MA

23-15 MA

15-5 MA

5-2 MA

2 MA117000

The Last Glaciation sometimes refered to as the Last Ice Age occured around 100 000 to 10 000 years ago. A glacier is a large mass of ice the flows downwards. They carry rocks and soil with them. As glaciers melt they create valleys and deposit sediments. This map shows the areas of Cantebury that have formed because of this glaciation.

Banks Peninsula was once an island. It was the result of two Hawaiian shield volcanoes errupting 12 - 6 million years ago. Shield volcanoes are nearly entirely made of lava flows. During the last glaciation the mainlaind and this peninsula were joined up as the sea was filled with outwashed sediments. This is known as the Cantebury Plains today and includes Christchurch City

The Geology of Christchurch and Surrounding Areas

Conclusion | Braided Rivers

Volcanic and associated intrusive rocks Basalt flows

Sedimentary and metamorphic rocks Post-glacial alluvium and dune sand

When completeting this research investigation i became curious with the vein like shapes in Aerial Photography. The cantebury plains are special to not just new Zealand but the world in that there is extensive river braiding. The reasearch we have completed shows the softness and the newness of Christchurch and her District (it having not existed til the last ice age). This soft sedimentary outwash was a perfect scenario for the glacier melt and weather to form braiding channels. The flows push it through and out creating not only cantebury but the majestic rivers that are a part of it

Andesite

Greywacke and agrillite

Flow rhyolite, breccia and obsidian

Sandstone, siltstone and claystone

raranga
FORMAL INVESTIGATION

What is a Braided River?

Discharge Slope

A straight channel is more likely to form when there is more discharge Rivers are steeper in their headwaters but as it flows away slope decreases. Its the changes along with discharge that make braiding occur irregularly

Size of Channels Braided Rivers have 1 or

B r a i d e d R i v e r s are characterised by having a number of alluvial channels with bars and islands between meeting and dividing again, and presenting from the air the intertwining effect of a braid. - S.N. Lane

more larger channels that are sustained even through flood and droughts. The side braids are more subject to river fluctuations

Springs and Ponds Springs

are common in braided river plains but only a small part of the wet area. They keep temperature stable. They are distinct physicaly and chemicaly. Can use the aquifiers to sustain height of water. Also has clarity in water. Lentic/slow moving water like ponds form at intersections with ground water and can be seasonal. Sediment yields from NZ braided rivers are highest for rivers anywhere in the world. NZ is 0.2% landmass of world but contributes 1% of sediment input to worlds oceans

Vertical Limits

The depth of the alluvial aquifier

Lateral Limits

The width plains

of

the

flood

Sediment

Bedrock

Eroded material forms the basis of highly braided rivers Association with steep mountains can include creating own weather. High rainfall etc can affect the river channels and increase/decrease braiding.

Mountain Range

Cantebury Rivers at a glance

Waimakariri
Main Channels 1 or more larger channels that are sustained even through flood and droughts.

Waiau
Main Channels 1 or more larger channels that are sustained even through flood and droughts.

Side Braids The side braids are more subject to river fluctuations

Side Braids The side braids are more subject to river fluctuations

meeting and dividing Points where side braids and main channels intersect Points where Side Braids or main channels divide into more braids, channels

meeting and dividing Points where side braids and main channels intersect Points where Side Braids or main channels divide into more braids, channels

Food Colouring Experiment

River Language
Slope Discharge 25 ML 200mm 600mm
Laminar Flow Eddy Opposite of a laminar, an eddy is a reverse current. This occurs when there is an obstacle or a change in turbulance

Slope Discharge 25 ML 100mm 600mm

50 ML

50 ML

A flow where turbulence is not shown is called a Laminar or streamline flow.

Meeting and Dividing These points connect or separate two or more flows creating a braiding effect

Multiple Braids Side braids are maintained by ongoing glacier melt and rain. This braiding is directly connected with slope, obstacles and/or discharge

Paper Models

Rhino Experiment

Elevations

Elevations

Heightfield

Heightfield

Elevations

Elevations

Heightfield

Heightfield

avon river
PROGRAMAND SITE INVESTIGATION

Christchurch | 24 Hour City

Parks and Recreation | Bar and Restaurants | Transformable Space

A city that never sleeps is not neccesarily one with an overbearing boss and a drinking problem. Theatre, comedy, music, night markets, day markets. When one set of shops closes, another is just opening up half a block away.

3 Sub Programs
Parks and Recreation
The Avon is a meandering river that flows through the centre of christchurch CBD. It was formed only in the last ice age making it very young. An Avon River experience can only really be had in hagley park where the Botanic Gardens has it on show. In other parts of the city punting is available but generally a christchurch citizen can overlook it. But a place where the river doesnt just flow through but becomes a part of the LIVING city. A park doesnt have to be several hectares and a family of ducks. If green space is on the agenda then this is a green space that will actually be used. A meeting place called the Avon Precinct for all ages and kinds of people. Hey meet me at the Avon Precinct in 15?

Bar and Restaurants

Eating and drinking is always a large part of society. Whether its a first date or brunch with grandparents, food is always a good excuse to take a break. Restaurants are a great way to be global and bring in different cultures and tastes from around the world and showcase them. When the kitchens close and the young come out to play, restaurants transform into lively bars. The cherry on top of a 24 hour city is a place where the young and young at heart have a place to play. Appealing to them brings them to christchurch to work, helping the city to grow. Considering our aging population, fresh ideas from fresh minds are the future

5 Design Principles
Transformable space
Using Auckland City as an example, the Town Hall sits in the centre of the CBD as a landmark as much as it is a functioning hall. The surrounding area of the Civic however is always under development and ever changing. It is alive with Markets and performance. The Civic and Aotea Square houses more modern and causal events. Its a transformable space that is not possible if contained inside a building. During the Rugby World Cup it was a popular fan zone and a screen was erected. Thousands stood and cheered New Zealand on. Currently Aotea Square has an outdoor skate rink, a first for Auckland. A transformable space is perfect for a city trying to find its feet again.

Safety
Darkness has always been associated with the dangerous aspects of society. Chrischurch could be lit up and people would feel more inclined to step out at night than before making the usuable day longer

Mobility
A succesful social environment assures there is always mobility. Whether it is walking or public transport. with an increase in interaction there is more need for infrastructure to be improved and increased to include later operating times

Proximity
The location of ammenities and accomodation can increase the mobility as it becomes easier. Being near a central hub of transport can connect to more people in outer suburbs. the culture of city living could be made more popular as there is something to gain from being near an active hotspot

Commerce
The 9 to 5 opening hours could be done away with as the city becomes alive at night. In larger countries, a lot of the money to be made is made after sunset. as people leave their desk jobs and come out to interact. the boost in activity could help local business. after finishing work it wouldnt just be your local countdown with lights on. Suddenly things could get more interesting.

Interaction
Interaction is what would be ideal. The more community and culture that is to be shared the better. Christchurch needs to liven up again. The art of conversation can be saved if we had more excuses to meet face to face. As social media takes over there is less need to grab a coffee with a friend.

5 Design Strategies

Who?

All the people of Christchurch will be the target. Not just a tourist destination. Some groups more than others but everyone has a need. These are some possible groups and what they might want from a public space Under 1 m and their families : Young and still learning. They will always be accompanied by an adult Park space, markets, Day or early evening events, cafes, temporary events like lantern festival-world buskers festival-international childrens acts School Children : Begining to travel internet acces, a facebook and Owns a Park space, markets, early evening festival-world buskers festival, Live zone). by themselves and getting licenses. Has digital camera. events, temporary events like lantern music, Comedy acts, sports coverage(Fan

Function
Defining interactions. A simple guideline for use of space

Visual Representation
Appealing to the individual. Things include but are not limited to a Name, Typography, Graphics.

Physical Objects or space

The Physical space where the individual occupies. a positive Spatial experience will attract returning guests and newcomers.

time
The amount of time and time of day the individual spends in the physical space.

Behaviour
The interaction and activities that come from all the previous factors.

Spatial Requirements: Dining and Drinking Fixed Event Space Temporary Event Space Green Space

Restaurants, bars, outdoor stage , scenic seating, bridge from one riverbank to the other

A name for the whole area can influence ones initial judgement of the place. In auckland some names include The Viaduct, Wynyard Quarter.

The architecture itself. The space will be both outdoor and indoor wihtout a clear defined barrier between those spaces. Also integrate a bridging system into the building form

Ideally the area will be alive from brunch to late night drinks. Increasing commerce and interaction

A succesfull reaction would be returning guests at all different times of the day. Including the old and the young and even the very young. A space usuable for everyone, anytime for

Studying and Broke : Independent, Social but a light wallet. Social Media generation markets, day and late evening events, temporary events like lantern festivalworld buskers festival, Live music, Comedy acts, sports coverage(Fan zone), Cafes, Drinking and Clubbing Young, Professional or Young at Heart : independent, Social coffee drinkers with a pay check. markets, late evening or weekend events, Live music, Comedy acts, sports coverage(Fan zone), Cafes, Restaurants, Drinking and but less Clubbing

nest or empty nest : parents who have time or need time markets, day or night events, Live music, Comedy acts, sports coverage(Fan zone), Cafes, Restaurants, Drinking and but no Clubbing

Super Gold Card Members : Wise and experienced, looking to enjoy life Park space, markets, day or early evening events, comdey, performing arts, comedy, Cafes, Restaurants

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

24 Hour Christchurch
Dining Drinking Temporary Event and Green Space Fixed Event Stage

Site
For the Avon Precinct the site has to be on the river but the river covers most of the city. The program calls for a stratified form. In the Intial site plan the program was to spread throughout the city. But there is too much distance between points, walking is difficult. One could only experience one program in one visit. The site has been then reduced to a small part of the riverbeds in front of oxford terrace above cashel street. This area was formally called the strip.

Possible Sites
B E A L E Y AV E B E A L E Y AV E F I T Z G E R A L D AV E DURHAM ST MONTREAL ST COLOMBO ST MADRAS ST
VI

Chosen Site
B E A L E Y AV E B E A L E Y AV E F I T Z G E R A L D AV E KILMORE ST ARMAGH ST GLOUCESTER ST WORCESTER ST R O L L E S T O N AV E WORCESTER ST HEREFORD ST CASHEL ST LICHFIELD ST TUAM ST ST ASAPH ST
FE RR Y R D

MANCHESTER ST

BARBADOES ST

COLOMBO ST

MANCHESTER ST

MADRAS ST

HARPE

R AV E

SALISBURY ST

SALISBURY ST

HARP

E E R AV

SALISBURY ST

SALISBURY ST

Papa o tkaro Avon River Precinct

KILMORE ST

Te Puna Ahurea Cultural Centre

(indicative)

KILMORE ST KILMORE ST

Performing Arts Precinct

ARMAGH ST ARMAGH ST

Convention Centre
GLOUCESTER ST

ARMAGH ST

R O L L E S T O N AV E

Central Library The Square

HEREFORD ST HEREFORD ST F I T Z G E R A L D AV E

Avon River Retail Precinct

BARBADOES ST

MONTREAL ST

DURHAM ST

Avon River

HEREFORD ST

D E A N S AV E

HEREFORD ST

HEREFORD ST

COLOMBO ST

CA

RT

ON

AV

CAMBRIDGE TCE

LICHFIELD ST

Cricket Oval

RI

CASHEL ST
CC AR TO N

AV

OXFO

RD TC E
TUAM ST TUAM ST

CAMBRIDGE TCE

OXFO

RD TC E
TUAM ST

ST ASAPH ST

ST ASAPH ST ST ASAPH ST MANCHESTER ST

MONTREAL ST

COLOMBO ST

DURHAM ST

MADRAS ST

MONTREAL ST

COLOMBO ST

RY

DURHAM ST

Y LE

Metro Sports Facility

H
M O O R H O U S E AV E M O O R H O U S E AV E

M O O R H O U S E AV E

M O O R H O U S E AV E

MADRAS ST

RD

MANCHESTER ST

FER

MADRAS ST

Cricket Oval

RIC

Health Precinct

COLOMBO ST

MADRAS ST

CASHEL ST

Bus Interchange

CASHEL ST

D E A N S AV E

F I T Z G E R A L D AV E

PA RK TC E

CT OR IA ST

VI

PA RK TC E

CT OR IA ST

The Strip, Christchurch

The Strip was Christchurchs restaurant and bar precinct before the earthquake. it was heavily damaged and will now have to be demolished. It was once a lively meeting place for the young and the young at heart. Currently the nightlife scene has moved out into the suburbs as the Strip is now non existant. Even watching a movie is a little difficult as many cinemas are closed. The social part of people cannot be quelled and a revamp and remodelling of Christchurch is needed. Like many cities the drinking precinct is always loathed by some. The Avon Precinct would use some of the same site as the strip but also occupy the river banks on either side. This space would be respected and enjoyed by not just Christchurchs drinking citizens. Instead of seeing the river as a background image or a simple hindrance, considering it in a building is something that The Avon Dristict will try to portray. Cashel Street is one of the more important public spaces in Christchurch. It is a social and retail hub that attracts many visitors, showing off Christchurchs capacity to host. With the Christchurch earthquake came dire consequences for the area but has been developed in the past year with the re:START Mall. This whole area is to become a pedestrian mall with a tram network to be introduced into the area. The Bridge of Rememberance, a memorial to NZ Soldiers was significantly damaged but will be fixed.

Surrounding Projects

ARMAGH ST

Amanda Nakarmi : an entertainment and interaction G L O Uhotspot T CESTER S

Interaction

WORCESTER ST

Jeremy Wymer : A New Zealand Design Showcase and Retail complex

HEREFORD ST HEREFORD ST HEREFORD ST

Commerce

COLOMBO ST

MADRAS ST

CASHEL ST

Proximity

Dalia Al Timimi : A mixed use apartment block

CAMBRIDGE TCE

LICHFIELD ST

TUAM ST

TUAM ST

Chun Qun Zhang : A central transport hub

Mobility

F I T Z G E R A L D AV E

Site | April 2011

Water
The Strip is on the the river bed of the Avon. The land here is not always stable or predictable. Christchurch soil varies hugely in that some land is very hard but a few metres down the soil could be just silt. The river was not always on the path it is now. Avon Precinct Site is on flat land and river bed. Flat land was prone to liquefaction during the earthquake which caused the most damage. Shaking and lateral spreading also caused damage Foundations for the Avon Precinct would have to be deep. Deep foundations will not change in future liquefaction. There will be no settlement of structure expected and no damage expected in superstructure. The surrounding ground will settle.

Streams and wetlands of 1850