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H TPINAH KATOXHTHE EAAAAAE on feppovoug, ftcroug xor Bouyopoug opxroe alng27 Anpriou rou 1941percrrnv xoronqn rng A0nvog. Eixov nepooerprg6 pnveg on ro enogtou '40. Eivor n enoxn uou opxizer ro peyoo UoprDprorou envrKouo.ou,Ue rn otepnon rng eeuBepiog rng xcrr rpoqng, cro rourxpovo ovcrerxveror ro peyoeiorou, Kol xoBg oflo rnv nptixn otryUn crpxizouv or UeUovoUveg crvuorootoKes npoferg nou Bo onynoouv ornv opyovopevn xcrr pozrxn ovriorcronxvrpo roug xc[crxrnreg. O MovnS fzog xcrr o Auoroog Eovrog,evo Unvo pero rnv xoronqrn rng A0nvog,xorooovoug 31.5.1941 rn vclzroLlKn onpcrioon rnv Axponon, rpoyUcrlonorvrcrg rnv nptn ovrloroorclKnupof,n ornv Eupun. Tnv ircrxpovro rperorro EAM Ktrl oS crpxg tov'42 o EAE, yro vo oxoouBnoel ouyKprnon rou n E^EX ou rov NonoLeovra,Zpo,. Or Envegovuorxovrol Ko.tol xoroxrnrg onovrov Ue UozrNeS exreoerg o1roxctv...
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o Enpepa eivat anoteopa rcu X]eg: av naoxizet xavdg vq ouaet rc ,, I <( I vnpa tav xatpv pag,8a npnet va epeuvnoet ro IIapeASv, avaznrvrag ta pnvqtaua nou xpovrat exei>: ougovon, Ue rnv ouoio. opizer oe evo or<[n rou (<IJ xaraoraon orn fa.^^io), 1833),vagon roug ououorrepouguprxougnornrg rng leppoviog rou 19ouorcbvo, Heinrich Heine, rnv o uelrurouoio rou roroprxooroxoopo. euronpoivovrcg ouvopo Kot rnv xevrpu<n Oeon uou xer n yvon rng Ioropiog yro rnv xurqvnon rng rpxouoognpoyporrxrnro,g. Eva neEooro on rn veoel,nvrxn pog neprurero,yro vcr 8oupeKcu oro npoxeilrevo, ro ouoio or neprorooergev enerpeqov pxpr onpepo vo repeuvn8eieuopxg eivor n ouyoprrn r<oroxnornv Avqr. Moxeovio r<or rn Opoxn xoro rq n L94l-44.Mro xpovrr<n uepioog, r<orornv ouoio ro orporeporo rng xoroxng ev nepropizovror ong orn ora8cpouoinon rng Kupropxiogroug, uog oulroiver ornv uuorun EIoo, qo pe emiovror oe rpf,,erg eSvor<o0opong, re.Lrx roug orxo vo ql.oroouv rnv e8voyr,rorrn rcurrnrq rng roroxrnlrvng neproxng. tq rn verepn roroprxn peuvo onorel,ci fueov vo onr eo1rvo ro u f L xuprreporivnrpo yro rn Bouyopiavo eyxuro.l,eiqlerrnv opxrxn oroon ouereprnrog Kor v(r upooxc,rpnoer oug uvr4rergrou Af,ovo (re rnv uuoypoEn rou llpr,lroxIou oro Avoxropo Belvedere rng Brwng rnv 1n Mopriou 1941on roug Pipuevrpou xcr Oi.Log qvriororxo) onorel,eoe n roeoirrronu n Bouyopia 8o ouor<rnoerrnv uouuBnrn rf,oooro Aryoio xqr u 8n rng napoxropn0ouv ro eo.Enperofi, rr,tv rq rov uorolrcirvrou Erpulrvo Kcu rou Epou. Xe n rn roprero rng xoroxng rov eagv rrou [crpoxc)pn8nrcrv on rn feppovio (on rnv ovorf,,nrou '41 r,lg E0rvurrporou '44), roo ro or er<npoonorrou ouyoprxor<poroug oo ,7, r<qror ouoi rrregerf,ovpe rn oupueprEopo rous Kor ug npof,,erg roug u ev Sec,rpooov rouu eixov ero8eroe egn [,evo, o]o rr, enuoug,eixov enavar<olrqer oe eoriegnou or iror ug Becrpooov notpoYovlKes. Ero en1revorexog rclv <Ioroprr<riv>Eo ovoqepOopeoro xuprrepo xopcxrnprouxo rng ouyoprxng xoroxng orn Mo.xeovio nor rn Opcrxn. Xngepo"8o crvcrgep8oge onl,g orov nuphvo. rou gcrrvolrvourng qeuog roroprxng ouveinong uou xoporrnpizer roxpovrxo rn ouoyrxn vootponic orn yeuovrxn pog xpo, u non o perog e.,orxg xpog ouorel,ei ro ixvo rou ouyoprxo8voug. o8reSpoo oro Xpvo -on rov Yorepo 11 Meooirovo, m'lg eif,o1reoe noorrepn ft peernUo'S Moryxong, H (O. lr, OeooaAovixn t<at o xo1tog rav Eaav, Oeooo.Lovir<n 1992,a.69 r.e.)- eivor or pizeg rou oul,oyrro ouro oreperuuou.Ilpreuor yro vo or<.trnpo orxopnpo ou <roroprr<o> eurxerpnlxuo,ro onoio ouvrnpei, e xqr ueproorepo on vov ordvo. n verepn roroproypoEio rr,rv yeuvrov UcrS ornv lpoonoSero rng vo ovonlooer ro rx roug roroprx nopeOv.Eivol ro orropnpo exeivo, ro ouoio epozeroroe prov orpotg unoxerlrevrxn eppnveio uov envrr<vnnyv nou qrroxq.Lope<rooroypngnon rng Ioropicg>. Xe ,u o<popo, errxrepo,ro roroprx uope8v rng ovororxng Moreoviag, rroirepo notruopr8peg eivor or anuerpeE nopporog n}ooroyporpnong, ouoieg opxizouv or ouornpouxo pe rn poornprrruo ror.) oxonpoiro J. Ivanov ornv roupxoxparo1revnMoreovio rolv opxv rou orirvo pog xor, xornrv, rorc rnv uepioo 1912yro 13 Kot 191-7, vo ouvexrorov (pe ro <E8vrx ypo> rng Boutryopiog, uou roruu8nxe upoEoro ou oxonpainog r<xoug EEro) gxpr ug ppegpog.... orn

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Lrg exorooepo xpvro npooov qn rn [4rr<poororrnn Koroorpogtt rov '22 r'rgrnv emon rou Eoorouxo xaSeorrog mS 4nS Auyoorou. Ero roornlro qur rou Meoonoepou 6.204.684 or Enveg[ouoypoEn 1928],ou roug onoiougor 1.221.849 nrov upoEuyeg, peyooupynoov. Epyoornr<ovoxnpo, ou.Loyrxnror opyovo4rvo, rpEovrog pra oueprprorn oyonn yrq rnv uorpio nou nluoupyouoov on rnv Koroorpotpn. Kqr vq qovroorei xoveig u ornv crpxn mg neprou ourng n pon ropxcro zr,rngrou Envo, Iyo tpqrorioong, eovooiog x.u., etpmve ru 34 xpvn (t). Mero rnv onoxouEn 780.000orpelrgcuov (ro B% r<,tvyorv) uou xo.unrov ipveg ror n xor rnv quorccopo.Lrxn npoorooio ou ug nq4rupeg 1.175.000 orpelrlrortrrv, o ouvo}rrg yxog rng oypourng rropoyoyns uueprnoorozerorxopn oro px8o rou Envo oyprn. Exrg on ro ounpo -uou r<oroo1rqvov 69,2Votrov xorepyervro oo <uvolnxo> npolvro ereivtov rov (nporKv> xpvtrrvrng ycropyiognrov o xouvg, n orcgio, ro c4ro.rr,or ergnqr ro tror, <onpcvux ppog nov onoic,rv ef,,oyovrou(2. Aepo8ng, <ESAtSnMeyv EAnvrcng Orcovopiag, Ilpaxtrca Arc1vog Ioroptxo Euvepiov H EAaa Lo 1935-1939D, M.I. ATE, A8nvq 1989,o. ex. 148x.e.). Tn exoeriq, p<'rg, ourn enteeiror ror vq erepo <Eopo>orn rolrnxovio, xoBg ouf,,over ovoorng uopoyoyng Ir lreoo ernoro pu8p 5,4%.H nopoyoyn ouf,,over: ro orrg pnxovol,oyrxgropnxoviegxoro. 346,3% oug rr,roropovroupyrxeg ,4o/o, 237 al.J.l , xnUrKeSLB9,2o/o K.o.K., Ue npro rov rtroo uopoyrrryng nexrprxoupeporog:of,non (!) 483,60/o (2. AeUqOqS, .2.). To oypour xo.r rolrnxovu< <8apor rou MeoouoUou, rrou oulroiver pororo ornv qKoou0eiror <xopro>mg noyxopros orKovoUrKng (1928-1931), r<piong on gro ef,xog onpov nxh nveulrorrxn rropoyoyn. Ot Muprnl,ng, Bevzng,Eropipuog, EeEepng x.o. ypogouv oploroupynlrcno, xcr8dlg o Muoyrovrpog ouv8rerro <Eav payeltvo yo pua pov rprepouyizet> [rov enteeiror ro orxovolrrr<BoUol xor o Booing Touonvng rnv <Apxvrtooa>. To E0vrr rre (Eenr. 1938)qveozeryro nprn qropoornv Eniaupo rnv <Hxrpari rou Xoqroxn. Aurn rnv <ov8ooq) xorootoon pnxe oug 4 Auyoorou1936o Metof,,ognou <xqve) rov ne1ro. Aoyeg ornv orKovoprrn nonrxn rns nponyoDlrevngneprou ev enrxeipnoe vo. xqvet oure oe npoc-ruo ore oe upoypopporo. To epyo rou nepropiornxe rupir,lg oug cxronioers, ornv opyovoron rng ootuvolriog [oveon rns Ue rnv freorano] Kqr orn rouoroyynon rov votv rng EON [oe ouvepyooio pe rn veooio.rou Mouoo}ivrl, xo8S or Ayyor Ueoo rov Avoxrpov eeyxovqnoli}erotrxq ro orpor. Orqv rerxo or uovouor ftooi pog euu0nxov ro xopolroro mS 2BnSOrrlpiou 1940, rupottov vo o8og nou rous xouoe rov ul,epo. Eixov unorrgnoer rnv qruxooyio.rou el,nvrro o"o. Tov oyvo ouro rou oo vo opSouonoer,pero rn Mrxpoororrxn KaroorpoEn [pero ro oyponr xo: rolrnxovrx <8opo uou euneeoel. Xuveuritgrnv oneprprorn oyo.un nou rpeEeourgo ox4roopevogogyro. ug Eorieg tou. frq rnv nnrpio rou. O uepog rou'40 nrov nooixg. Bpnxe roug Envegevolrvoug. Aur ayvoooe o exSp9.

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3.0o 190 ro ortlvo oug nerg rcov Bo.Lr<ovir,tv, vnoro, oug ouor oro Neoe4veg vovu oxrg. Exeivo rov xorp ro eprnpo yro ro 0eopooov nOrq nrov n npc,neouOO ELl,nvrrlv ev eixe rqv rov A0{vo npootrrprvri f,,exo8opnxqr reLeoirxn onovrnon. fleproorenporeouoo por Eo anrov ornv Korvorqvrrvouon qurn rou prxpo xprougtnv rrrnro, nopo orn prxpn <ovof,,roupeun> T0uq rrlv AEnva. Kor og nrov xupiopxor ornv tel,eurqiu or Kor Kovmovnvonpotaroi oourovor rng orpn onpovrng OSr,lpono4 rq vung Auroxporopiog. oov peowlxri Avolreoooro 1912Kol oro 1922or ueporxo.ror nporeouoo. ovorponeg, orov rogo, ornv Eupun, oro Bq4.Hoo4nr4 xovro xqr ornv ovqro).rrn Meoyero, oof,,ovreMrxpoororrxf rnv Koroorpogri ei<og erxvq rng ELocg Kor ro xopKrnprxor ouxo rr,rv Envov. H xpo, xopig vo yiver pero npooguylx yon, ev nrov nov prxpn oro vo rng ovopo. ut Tnv Kor, opoyevonoi4o4 oxpn onouarrepo,E.Lnvegnoqv uLov oor roun4Ouogo xqrorxooov poo oto ovopo rng ELtrnog. onordeoov Xpo, xporog, 8vog, Envropg ror E..nveg 14 pey64toutiornxov iot'.rgyro nprn qopo ornv roropio erep4 oper4pfo rou roug. Xrnv ouoio eupxeno xuproer<uroyro pio vo veoe4vrxo ogernpio. xptiroug H orpernpio ourn, uog KoBevq opxn, ev nrnv
eron. IIpr' on' l,o Oe1rer8nxe peoo oe pio oo.L.,nnrn raroorpoEn Kor ornv exnopeupe'rn ou ourn xoopoyovio. H oupEopa orn Mrrpo Aoio pe oox.LnpdlSnKe rn pozrxn ovrooyn nn8uo1rv, eror ore vq rquuorov ovopo xor e8vrxrnreg. llepiuou evopror exorolrppro xprouovoi np8ov orn vo Eqqyro vo nopouv rn Seon eqroxooiorv xr..roovpouooulrovrov Bouyop<'tv n uou Euyov qu ournv. Aurn n pozrxn peroxivnon ov8pur,tv 8o puopooe vo. xorol,nf,,er oe ovBp<'turonKn oulrqopo, oe gio. euoxn polloro rou r ovope onpepo ro oq yrvov tre. Xuvorr<iegotrr<.Lnpeg -nopoyKouul.erg, nouKqrorxieg, xoponnonoroi<'roovug peyo.l,egul,erg ruoorozovrog-omogornv A0nvo- ro pye8groug. Er<orovroeg xclpro ror nolronerg,pe ovporo uou xupropxooe ro <No>, nproupyn8nKcl oe r<o8eyovro rng Eoog: No kovio., Nn Xpupvn, No Arxopvooog, No llpyo1rog, No Moxpn, No Xoxnvo... Tepoouegexrooerg peoo. of,,ronorn8nr<ov oe eoxroro xpvo, n ueroq rng r<evrprxngMoxeoviog o.r i1rvn eyrve n.Loorogouoorbvog,epyo

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yr<oio ev uepiooeuov xor nou xopoorooov n e}ovooiq xor n Eulrorir,ton. To u ev yrve r<ou rroro oEerrovoe nol,trognopayovreg,ornv ef,,orcprxn ouvpo1rn, pernf,, al,r,lv, nou pooe peoo on rnv Enrpoun Anoxorqoroong llpooEuyov (EAII), ouoroouro clgpro erepn rupvnon
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opeuong,peuong,xripro, ppor, r<ovov uvorn rn zconrorvE}l,nvt rv UCooorn xpo nou enrrcougeixov nproupynoer. rov xoO'eour r<orvrovrr< uoum xpo xor o nrov or xpreg enrnrtiocrg ourv rorv xoopoyovrxv ol,oyv. H nprn, n xorvovrKn. nrqv n nprcupyio prog xtilpogprxpoiroxrnrv, prxponcrpoyroyv, prKpooorv, prxpoenoyyetrpnrrv. fro vcrznoouv or,noo.roixor vor Enves,n yn porpoornxe oe prrpoug otro. iooug rnpoug -{rnv mo onurn cryporun peroppBpronnou yvtiproe o euptonoixg xpog- ror ore tror vo xouv on xou yro vo ornprxBouv.Eug uerg, xnpor, orr<ueq onixor uo ForpoornKovro iro oug zvegrng upooEuyrog. Yunpf,e pio ef,ioroon no}v, ncrpcrnoL..vovOpnr'rvrrpos ro xoro guorxo -n xpo ev eixe ug uvorrnreg rng qpeprKcvrrng uong ore vq ovuperonioer ordlgro rpopepo yeyovro.. Ef,ioorcn uou nrov nouorq oe nopevpyereg. no.poyr,lyoi, Or .Lyouxcrpn, ornv nor8po ev nrqv oe 8on pe ro

5. H Enrrpon{ Anoxororoo4g llpoorpyov epooe nop44 oov xupepv4o4 r4g Eog. Aroxplvovror o Eeu06prog Bevr(eoq perovApeprxovri npepo r4g Enrrponfq, Xevpr Mdpyxevroou, xorrovAndoroo Ao(r64

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6. Ireyoo4 rolv ex evdvrov. ro iro xo8prze. Mor,rrng pe8ou rov oqrqrn(prH qrolf E6o opv (rou rnprvyx)'ro xpcnogqvoeouorcrouxortigepe xo xor ro ef,oteprx epnpro rotv irotv upoivrr.iv. vo nepr0ftrger To eurepo oK(ppoornKe rnv evSoppuvonrng ou1,5 pe exoropppro roopyovoons rrov no.poyroyvUe rnv ov8non nrv npdoguyeg vu ouverorprolrv Kor rng oul,oyrxrnros, oe Korvorrxor pper roug ouerti n rqr neprgeperoxeuineo, ornv norOpo. x Or 6orevo xorovqouxoi ouverorpropoi tr,tv unql,nrDv xqr ouveroqepouv epyorrirvoug nergnrov r<orrovooyo. or4vovonru[f H erepn, n uo}urxn euiuroon, nrov n nprTnq

opovov rnv evrof,,n rng Urxpng romxng xorvrructg oro eupurepo noiolo rov yevrKorvpnxovroptirv. Or ooxoor, or xoSnynrg urtv fupvooir,rv,or yrorpoi, or rxnypor, or yeonvor, or pnxovrxoi, or uuunol rov ouvrorpropv, rcov opyovropv,nrv rpouezd;v, eyypoUUilor repeigpeor prreg tpopgovoo1rovcrv our ro uor<ooepyo. oupyio prog rrpopEngeir, opomg m yupvo oAuroi puopoocrvvo peroqrpouv onyieg xor ug tpOo,\rouornv norOpo,uopooo po4 xor oug nroug Kclvovropous, trilKolvovnooDv ue lcl ncrpcrv(r ..erg. xporu<n, rq tov opyovropv, uopouoio, or H novo xr1ror<ro, opyovriroouvrn ouoymn epvo yooio. -yro. ro ovorypcrpUroVyro ro onoorpoyyrouoyrxegpoornprornres flpoorrotouoov euorKo ypoqeroKporrxogpnxovropog ouo ro qvroro xeouxq xor opeuuxn epyo, yro ro perpnpo rou Kcrpvrprxo xor r<pnrrr<o xrlroxro -ro pnxovrop rng uou n rou oupou, yro rnv eEoppoyn veov pe8rov Aypourng n rng Krnpouxng Tpouezogyouxopnr<.n. x.u. OAor ouroi onorAeoov vcrxorvolvrx g rnv releuroio r<olrnro. rng xpog. Or pnxovrorp1roo.f, ov8pur,tv,orevo.upooovcuoropvotv rov opoi ouroi Ue rn oerpo rous KorooKeuooqvorexn rrpos rnv woro rng upoou. Eworo uou rre eixe of,,rovo roxerprorovKor vcr opyovoouv onore-.e- oretroroEopeuxn onpooio qu'uurn nou exeronpepo. Tre ev eriSero znrnpo nlourrolro rou evg oporrxo ouornporo. Ernv xqro u.Leuporng xipoKoS,oro UrKpo xopro xor ro xegooxpro, vogoren rou ql.ou: ro np.Lnpo uou oncroxooos rous vg xxog ov8pur^tv,oor <1wprzov ypopporo> ovBpuougnrov n of,ronpenngemiorcn rougoe ouKOI OOKOUOOVXOUOTO<<XOrV<,lVtXn>l,e[oupyio, poo oro ouoio xuto ro nepro.\ov rng prrirxerog ovozcrvrnv xorvovio rous Kcrlrnv uorpicrtoug. px Mozi pe o outo, pizaoe oBro orn or<qmro A*xxm ffiffiffinwsq v{*{JxeirNmu \r{x MNTspei uo t<opoupio nenoiBnon. Tn xpo ourn, goo mx&w mffipum'1CIx" sixxv emffiffi xmw ornv onoio ouyr<evrpBnxov nooroi xcrr vor $lr1w mQxcxxxp*rNe*cN ltme"r x*&;q&&nvs py{yiffi x3 e{Jq EAnveg,rnv rproov pe rov r<noroug,Tnv eornocrvorcrnro rng pe rov rpro ror ro px8o roug, U rnv nerBopxio Kor rnv opyovroonroug. H nopo-

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oro iyo ouro xpvro -ono ro 1924 ouoroouxq g ro 1940,prgexof,rxpvro non- n eovooio nepropiornxe, n gupotioon errions. To uorro poSorvov ypopporo xor n poipo r,tv yepl.rrov,rrov opporotv Kcrrrov ovnpuopotv ev ef,,opurov n.l,eov qu rn tprl,ovBprrruio rr'tv ypr,r. Auroi or E),nveg vou ruou ev nrov nooror,to oueixov progon rou vo eivor ef,o8rot1rvor. Eixcrv ofronpeuero, rnv onou n epyooio iver, ev exeEov oo f,,ronpeuero roug ovnxov, tcr Euof,ov pe rov xno roug, nrov rKo rous. Kor enern pororo etnv xerponrooro to onoreoporcr Knourous, cureKrnocvKcuourou rouenoiBnon, uioreryov u pe otoorn xorvcovrxnopyovoon KcuUeoKnpn ouero. pnopov vo yio vouv, or<pn r<or ro 8ogoro. f)g nonrxn crvrinqrn, n ourolenoiSnon rr,tv uov, n elruroroovn oug uvopergroug, nrov xorr ro ef,orpeur<o onlrovux. Ilpcr orr rn E.\opn Kot ovoDoro<nonrKn)) rov xol4rorrrlv,rou floorrou, rcovo.f,rolrorrxrov uou eixqv ro puo roug pvo oro enpevo npof,rxunpo, xouD, q8ro orov Korvovlx xritpo ornvovrov geSorxoor upono8oerg puoooorrKeg yrcl ooyeg. Auregnl,on nou exnBnxov pe oppn Uoo ornv errUevnexoeriq. O Merofg H, rxroropio rou fecopyiou B Kqr rou Irrtwn Menf er<l,eroe ourn rn oxon nepioo. Hrov

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13.0prio lro. rou lrrropouoevo rous ner ndlg vo xototrqouv rnv o- Mero{6npoqrouq rrevqvn Kopuqn, ng vo vu<noouvro exBprxEu- xoOqy4reg rov ctxro.Or rcrKuKS, vo oBp, oxeroornxove- flovenror4piov o' ui rnou on roug irougroug evroEeppevoug. r4g A0{vogortg H uorxn rorof,,n,orov r<orprng oprBlrnrrxngove- 11 Noepppiou nopxerog rorv uvcrlrecivrng, ognve xevo ovolreoo 1940 oro <onpeio oLnprf,ng>, l{opueesxor ro nepoLrS oporo. Au quro rcr xevo npoxr,tpooov prxpg opcreg, <npoyporouorooovreiouon oto perm!i{$t}'4S erW- qc ffil$M{q{ss r,s"I&AIlt-. oBev rng exBprxng8ong>nou l,eyov ro eyxerpi'TWcWp& qdp *Auwr&rruv Wrcgaa$ffrfttay ro, xor onyouoov rov ex0p oe ovcryKoortKn uf A$otfurv Telrfu ro ftawrerqr4prlou rloxopnon rrpog ro eu1revo rooe],oKol rnv enpetrffi$l" vn Kopupn.ExorovLoeg vixcg ourorou ciUrtrpes oug onpolf,cl rnv uqrxn rorof,n uioto, oBro poo oro eogn rng Aoviog. *ng s&ue@eeffi&s0splpwrl.pEq- r.v,rotsv *. Aur ro eioguopoutpBooe pro rou rov Io, oro jlt, fyru t& ffiftmq; 14d, ;].ir $<mc*p#itoecr rrrol,eft, pry*6o *s fu, &p lium{r{}& t&dt d*lt..n *te " vouopro rcD 1941,rqv or ncr.Lrxg evroxoerg,nou .'&y 6ffut*A4ffsr 8artryffiSsqTqf+s tv,r.iloy *i, npooeutrxo E0ovcrvoro oqvrx Uerorro, rD8*& fin' "_ #4rqWsfrwlmEdry ffi, rnV$v't6v ruxfi'r0l{Fd. . Kv(ocrv exOprr<n rnv roro.f,,n neprprocrv xexor ro A pUtogAC. eepertc6.tI"{6}S *nlrp*oK6oog ntii -d ff:.-:,# brd vo, rn orrllrn oxprg nou or xorprxgouv8nxeg xo*-* sfirF{e{hvdplewq" Sp{,rt$,g *poq.' . _. # not Otorouoovooovrouxn rn rqioon rcovorporrcorv "mefispq@dFr Br6aorcv Er,& lFc/ $dvou r*'tftpor,orirrc,' oro peyoo uryflrerpo xor uoxoo rov egorcrolr ,!ff ncnafl,qeB *r}-Fsi}qttmc ft{t$@*4r*gm1gCI;r $sl povcrctv.H npooon orcrpornrorv uporo8nlrvc,tv '# &{e@'@{qpilrynd ,}{{tq n* mmup.x1r4vr*r+ &qtuftl*Bt" .1 oe, ro prc,ruo xq8nBnxe xor ro euneeiorng A8nS ffi&cnm, ffi. arupmd*oa, fuyomiitv,l& *flalr imnpce ; vclg,yro vcryer ou ro orf,oo,f,exivnoe pio oreW d* ru**M &i** *pfupt;o, fu*tpv S*or y:inv*rr. . ilt, rrdt {{*4ffiry .rewpri $rl *n*otrnv on?fr$l{,r. W Y,ra, eiorn oerpo orlrornprilv oo xor or<opuov eurOoe.#.ffi ** fu*dr,,$cv ruVterqat px ryahq . dpett{{,{ty ov ornv Keroouporcrr ro Teue..evr. xpuonoynTo 4l tufus 4* ffi; *ni miMq y$rsp,C.?*ts'4 orp,d, -.t#, poro, n rorn rorpogn,or ooxoneg o.preg cunilereg ffiw$ewxffir,w#sSvsq{,lfihl& *uyvoptlo*&, ,, npoxoeoov xoxuuoEio opxrxo, uotpopio orn ou*niilrxdffilqlfuMeerdfiift lr*dtrrt tlsigrfi 61r d],t X,, vxero oug envrxeg uvolrerg. |ro ro xorrepo W @q { #k {Muim og}yq*y omypfp! f,,teros di; xrlrcrxrorou orporo,rougeEepoug (ooxor no*rymammaU*ry r{v,-*qvwftirtuciv4olu, * . ;i ougpovipoug), ro yeyovg u or onerpoprOlres ffiil{#,fuffi@fipf;"$s.r6llgrld*'ilJ*ltqtAdplgtsv Urt q11$* xpeg vixeg ev onynoov uopo oro uoovroux q@q ik&uA 6miWu,gp4y,qper4.nv-fuqE*d,q an_E *:,, p$mp*hrW cft tf$1topreqqrmlt ro'fo"v d{r$dtq yewouos epornporrxaxor uoopeoreg ref,oo, oxe]it, " *{]] 'mori, ffifr#sfuffi} #nsuqr$ign6t ll &rrrppq rrotag Una,.tr" tt yro ug upoOoerg nyeoiog. Avolreooornv rng VerS t@mdBls @dsEpqlrtT Slrf-yr.rrqoy r(q$nor xu{' A8nvo xor ro perono nproupynBnKeoryo oryo vo dffi #d$ffir $.frtrfiSfr{q ttr ehnntft F6d1 pr*r . orporoornv opxn pnyUo, ro onoio 0o norpverou$*w@p* t@ eqrrtur roilr ryeutttoni .m . i orooergoro xpvro nou Bq qxolouBouoov. Tov iro 'ArcsqPtuqr S fenddt mgllg4qr Fm*vft ryu.e i r<crrp, oug 29 Icwouopiou,o Merof,og n8ove, o fe,il*rflu,tlFsr &1 y.dr,r. &r s4h,4m& -a,ya 4v,fuSy Pi pyrogB'lrerve pvogroxupgnyrng rng xpog ror $qile. r@ms lfiq ffil*$or rod [rqyoallniog6ff: or 41ryoroveoqvouoroouxo rnv uqmn euonreio &;,, rsrtffred*$,rgirrr a*U*Apo" W m wru, *mllf Elq,*W #dNird,.{@|iiko{mdat* rgur.6noor/lpnfiu dcr d.], " dk' x@t, qk fi#c c*E #dg$4*/psrg *gy*xu{$q" , tfte &wmpxwwm {yxx"?\r &mwm x} $J{*x{A}$xcp Kffi$ rm6rS* s#l # 14'rsi fuft r$s
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praygx{" ffixx*e &npxmarptrgxrffirne{e e&wex K# mffi gxwe ctxx*xr ff$xmryxexllps$q Mffiv{x yxffemffi Kp*wx{x

ixnong ovopeoo oe 4rorpieg,xoug,roxieg, orrovrrepo rcryporo. Meprxg exoeg E.l,nvr,tv poxovrov ro rr<roug uepo oe xoBe rroirepn rlruxn rov ore..eir.lrc'tv ouvriv, ovrrlrermzqv ro rr<rougexSppe rougrxogrougrpnoug.Kovevq euueeioouvroyporog, pepopxiog n orpouog ev

rng noeprxngnpoouoOercrg xpog. mg Or reeuroiegeo1roeg noepouornv Acrrou vio nrov ef,orpeur<ouooregoe uomxeg repyooieg oro enineo rov noeprorvrou UerououKor rng rorvoviog, rng ouoiog ouroi qnoreooovro nl,eov poornpro rpnpo. An ro @epouoprouo).o- )

15

uol.urxo, opxouoegrcrf,erg rrx onoicovor uvorrnres vo puopov vu uuoxoroornoouv ng ouvopieg rng uol,urxng, vo xo.Eouvug polypg Kor ro Kevo nou or e[,el,i[,erg nproupyouoov. Xe pio xpo prxpv -nou or peooior (powozqv <vorxoxupoioD)- Ue nopovolroorn 1rtrrorc rov xorv oyvo yro of,,ronpeunemir,ron, or oxoergpe ro xprog nrov rroirepoxpio4regoo ror ov8ereg,zrrmxg ug 8o ovolmzope xorepo. Kovvog oruv ev pnopooe vo [cpopeiver oroqopog oug ruxv neprnerereg rou reeurqiou. r<1rn, uoLireg eixov xorvovrrg xor noor .Llrxg operg,uoepereg nro nnroug oe 14. operv To rou Korpous.Av xor ev eixcnrznoer g rre oe efeouq eonosenoorozovrqv or eveif,,erg xpiong orov e.Lnvu< pio npoyporrxn n1roxporio., ueprSpro ro perono orpor. Xe peprrg povegn r<ppconuoopor<eroe ro notrf ove[fprqro og ynxe gwepo ornv emrpovero. onxpouon rng rng ourovopicg rous, TnSourev1ryerog roug H 0eorpo ireyong <EoprvngeuiSeong>tcovhov ev atrq.- oto oxooneproovev noqv oonlravro. Hrov ouyxpooeov ro yevrx xl,ipo rng uoupoyiog. Oor1vprzav noireg rrou pe rno, pe yvon Kor Fe ouoyrx f,,e -ivovrog u n yeppcnmn eupaon n.Lnoiqzer<orrr n rxn nveDpo eDnrvnerxer uoo pe ug rrg rolrs Kor neovexr4po rng xpog Eo xprvrav a.Lo.H pn oor<npoon pvo uvolrerg. Or Qefi,rorrng mqv roug, ornv uonrrn, e4vrxrf neup6- rng virng orov rorp rng envrxng uuepoxng r<crr ornv orKovolrio,ornv xorvovrxn ror enoyyelrorrxn o rov oeuonkov 8pra1rorvxpe8nxe e[, otro- zon, nrqv ofi,rtroyeg eurn.],ov,ornv A-Aovio, xor rourolprivrrlg or orporrc,mxg ef,rrnregnpooreEnxov orls Ilponrnpou ornv nourxn Kor orporrorrxn nyeoio tng uoyepove Xu'rn8ropevorneproorepooug oxoleg xpog. H rq yro <rpolroypvoug> ror <oououg> youUevsg. orpriwomo rov nyregxor yrcr<nelrmogooyyireg>, npaxropeg rc,tv ouv8nxeg Kor orq uoeniurq npol,ngoro, eoxroveqouo;r lepUwv, of,rrlgorrxoug yewnOnxe ror ef,,ontrOme peoo orn yevrxn uoopeoxero. H pnf,,n ovopeoq ornv envrxn xorvovio Kol rnv nyeoio tng yporpe flS ppegourgro upro rng regooro. Erooyaryn onrv rouopio m Korc)ais To yeyovro mg a1roorg upoyevorepngroropiog npoetoilrooov ro oEog yro. ro oo 8o enoxolou8ooov. Ag oroSopeoro xewpxo onpeio ouro rou toroprxo u.Loroiou uou eixe rolropEco8eiora 1941.H xpo, pe rn popEn Kor rq xcrpcr.Krnprouxo nou eixe oro 1940, nrov vo veop ppEcoUq, Ue npoioropio prg exoefi,rxpvcrv nepiuou. Or Beo1roi, or xorvcovrxgr<or uourrg oxoerg nrov orpn peuorg xar uu rappEoon. Aur onporve u or noireg n or notrxg uvolrerg nrov uvor vo uoppouv oe ourg,va ug ol,.Lcrf,ouv. ol,o Me yro, ro peov rng xrilpog nrov oxpn, oe peyoIo oE1r,vo eur xopri, uou ro uovro Eo mov uvqr vo ypoErov on rnv opxn. Or peycrepeg ovcrpoug nrov eErxrg oe vo.rroro uaioro. H xorvrrrvrxn roorpolrororon nrqv eilrfitreov crora8ng. ev uunpxov e roxupg,orxovoprxo xo.r ora rplrozov pnpooro oug ovuf,ornreg nou 8o uopouorozoww pnpooro roug.Xe n rnv g rre zom roug eixov po8er vo ovrrper<'mizouvwuf,ornreg. An tnv onoqrn ourn or Enveg nrov erorlror -rorlror Ue rov nov przoouooux ror ouuro rpno- vo uuoex8ov rnv Koroxn. Kor orprg euern n olreoo uponyopevn roropio tog eixe pe rroro rpno upoerorlrooer, pnpeoov vo euoupynoouv, oe xpvto oxoq xcr okorervo, ge vov rpno nou xuvvog ev uepigeve Kol rrou xovvog ev eixe npolrovreoer.
'HMEIOEEIE 1. H U8ooS rc)v ouUUmqropg xnprvlr<, o(popo m perof, o xporv ovroMoyn upoivrov iong of,iog, pe oon npooulrE<ovngveg rorxnrrxo upeg. Ernv ouoio n p8oog unoxo8roro rnv eeBepn oyopo Kor eEoplrzeror oe neproug Keromg orxovolriog, rov potrroro n perotpeqrrgtnto tou ouvooypotog oulroiver vo eivor, yro noog youg, npol.n1rorrrn. H E.,ooxpnorlronorooe evrouKo ourn rn p8oo g tnv vrotn rng ornv Eupcxoixn Korvn Ayop, oug egnoprxg oxoerg rng pe ug ovororxg xrirpeg. Em er<uerio tou 1930, Uero tn geyo.n xpion, ourn n g8oog nrov xovvog ornv cup<onoixn ev6oxpo. 2. H texvffn tng ronoSrnong trrrv onpcrv, oxpn xor rou otapro n rou xoclruoxro, xoto Unxos ouoxrV oe ypolrUn, oc rpno ore vo pnv enrxonrovror nog ouv6orve noorrcpo. OuolKo n p8oog ononooe uoMouoreg peg oueng nou pnopooov vo ef,,eupeSouv pvo pe ouornpn otrryovoon -xor xnmronoinon- oul,oyrro nS mS ro8o4rng epyorrxng uvolrng rou xoprc. I

H pn oilorf,npo$n rnq viKnq orov KotpTElv of,f,ensilfl nntrrvprcpBcov xpccbnKc ornv nCIi|tflKn orpou&)uKn nyoio rnq xdlpoq Kor

16

7941 Ouvorogrou klown Merof,cr (29.1).NeoS npr,-rBuuoupyg o Ioovvng Kopuzng. Apxizer n yeppovrKn cniBeon evovriov rng Eltroog (6.4). Korompn rng Ocoooovirng(9.4).Auror<rovio rou npoOunoupyo Kopuzn (18.4). Anoyopeovror or ouyKevrpoocrs. flpr,trr<ol.ooDvBnKoynong rou orpqrnyou l. Tooor<oyou rou Kol feppovou exnpooriuou Nrirprx (20.4).O oorrogfepyrog r<orn xupvnon Eppovoun Toouepo crvoxopouv yro rnv Kpnrn rqr on exei ynr Korpo (23.4).Ot feppovoi eropxovror ornv A0nvo (27.4). Tpnn r<otoxn: leppovoi, Irqoi xqr Bouyoporornv envrxn emxporero. Euyxporeiror n uprn xoroxrxn xuepvnon un tov Toooxoytrou(30.4). Ef,,o.uoeror yeppovrxn erri8eon evqvriov rng Kpnrng (20.5).Ilptn uvuorqoroxn npcrfi,n ornv Eupnn: o M. fzog xor o An. Xovrog xoreqzouv rn vozrouxn onpoio qrr rnv Axpuon (31.5). Exreovror exoegnorprteg ornv Kpnrn (Iov.Oxr.). Iperorro Epyoux E8vrr Ane-LeuBepanrx Mrouo (16.7). Ipueror ro E0vrx Auel,euOepotux Mrrono(EAM) (27.9).Ee neproxeg mS ^polros er<nriveror ouOppmo xivnpo ovrioroong xotprxv evvrrov Iov Bouyopov xoroxrnrv, or onoior

quovrov pe olroxg exreeoerg xqr ovrinolo (OxL.).Mozrxeg er<reeoerg Nrypiro, orn po1ro orn Kor oro Krxig (Oxr.). Irol,oi KcrpcrUrrrvrepor ouo1rovouv xor quoovouv Eounrg nou xor8eoqv oregovro oro oyo1ro rou Kooxorpvn ovnpepo rng enereioumS 2BnSOxropiou. 1942 Ipueror o E).nvrxg AueeuBepc,mrg Erpotg(E^AE) (16.2).Kivnlru os o rof,,ropxieg rou el,nvrxo orporo orn Meon Avoron (@e.). Eeonoer

novecrrr<n onepyio rctv npooirovunonr,tv. Er<ieror n nopovolrn eEnpepio rou EAM <Ee8epnEoo (20.4). Exnveror peyon Krvruolloinon ornv Aonvcr yro ro ouooiuo (19.7).O Nonol.eov Zepcrg ouyxporei ovropuxeg olroegrou EEX ornv Huerpo (30.7).fevrxn onepyio epyorriv xor uno.Lnovornv neproxn rng ( rrporeuouocrs7.9).Avorrvozovror on tnv ovuorooloKn opyovoon ilEAN ro ypogcio rng opyovtrrong rov rooryrov EEIIO eil rng oo llomoitov (21.9). Ayyor oolruorep pe eurxeEongrov Evu Moyepg nErouv pe crl,ef,,inrrrno orn Poulren(29.9). flopcrneiror n roroxrr<n xupvnon rou f. Toooxoylou. Tn roexeror xupvnon uu rov Aoyo8eruou)o (2.11).Avorrvozeror on Ovropresrou EAE ror rou EEX pe rn oulrupof,,n olroog Ayyrov oourrorep n ornpopolnxn roD YeEUpcr fopyouorolrou (26.11). Meyo}eg ronoerg xor 0rrspYres npqYpffolloroDvrcrr ornv ASnvo Kcu rov flerpolo (22.12)

0 osrroq fedrpyrog B' ro rKTfTopo lofvvn Ie Mero{6 rov xor oplrenioxono Xpoov0o ng nopopoveg rou nofpou '40 rou

T7

irlq Edoq 0 Mneviro pero rou Mousoivr meelq fevrxo nou Enreeiou mporo unoef104xe evdg xordrepog gripou npoxoooe rou nou

O: Tu IyNoHKoAofH:H
5. Fepgovoi urpondlreqrou 1941perovrxguvopergonoroornrov ornv ondvovn or4 El,oo oozowagro onnvrx rou no1rou. Eng "fpoluriMeru(6, 18 rou irou pnvo o Xirl,ep oe ouvovrnon pe ourovAnpiho rou vepyoregrou rqruuooe rnv ouoqm u n xoBorrn 1941 r<oronEn rng El,oog onoreei cvoyxoio. upon8eon ouorqonuorereuBrnong. H Bperovio ou rn rxn rng oromo nurze oro xorv perouo lrouyxoooiog-Bouyopiog-Toupxiog xor our npoonoSnoevo ouornoero unoupyg Ef,oreprxv Awovr Iwev (Anthony Eden) oe rcrf,,irrou ornv neproxn. H npoouo0eroonruxe noroyr^ig,xoog n Boutryopio r<or,crpxrxo, n frouyxoooio uporipnoov rnv vrof,,nrous oro Tp4repeg EulrE<,rvo, n Toupxio. enperveoe oureev pn oroon. H peroorpoEnmg yrouyxoo),ourng8ong, neuo on orporrc,nrx npof,rrnnpo, evioxuoe rn yeppcrvrr<n onoEcorouxrnro yro eneiyouoo reuBernonrr,rv oxovrxv znrnporr^iv.n Eug 27 Mopriou rou 1941, oe ooxerpn rng yeppovxnE Avrorng Erporralur<ng roirnong oro Bepoivo, o Xirep tvroe rnv ouorpoorourrnro rou yro Tnv xoroorpoEn rng lrouyxoo),oiog, roo orporrouxo. oo xor e8vrxo. leppovrxo orporeporo eronl.Sov enionlro orn Bouyopio oug 2 Moptiou (on ug opxg tou Iovouopiou eixov ouyxevrprrt8eiyeppovrxg pepopxieg orn Poqrovio) nor oug 6 Aupriou yepuvolrerg enneBnxuv ornv E}}ou xor rn UovrKeS

H rsxe*smuwxpn$n ftouyxoc&o$cxv r;v *Wp ypmyopc rCIuq feppcvouq6rmvxevxplmll p**on &rtrcx<eow*msmxnv mCIxfrs6n Alpu rour

,ff
ug nvioxupeg envrxgcvuorooerg xor E8croe orn Oeoooovirn oug 9 Anpriou. Euyxpvrog, n yeppovrxn oeponopio o1roprzeoveenro orpo.reporo o..o nerg.Xrunn8nxov n Apolro, xor or Eeppeg, Ernprcorpo Kcrror<nproro flerro o porog.o H xoro}nqn rng Oeoooovir<ng onynoe orn ouv8nxoynon rou orroKoppvou neov Tpnporog ErporrogAvororxng Moreoviog (TEAM) xor tnv nopooon rov oxupv. Hrov ro upro onpo.vux rpnlro rou e"L".nvrxo orporo nou geuye on rov oyvo... Ero perof,,, Envrxn Avrorn roixnon in oroz0 vcr rnof,,er tnv unoxpnon roD orporou rns Aoviog. Av xor or eniegyro ouoreeoporrxn ovoxo.irron rcovfeppovrirv oe xouoro ypolrlrn olruvag Lryoreuovppo pe rn ppo, xupropxooen ro rng rornpnong rov xexrnpvr,rv,eror ore n ruxv ovoqn ovoxc'rxngvo per roug Envegnr-

f rouyxootroio xorpignpoerouoinon. H yeppavrxn eniEeon xor rng EJ\oS Xug 5.30 n.p. mS 6ng Anpriou roxupgyepUovrxg uvogerg opxroov rnv eniSeon r<nro rng Eoogpe xpoocrg ornv oxupoparrxn ypolrlrn rng ovorol.rxng Mrureoviog, rn <lpolrun Merof>. Av xqr n euiSeon nrov roxupn -oEopoi xovovrool,ro1roi, npoEnon oxnpouopv opporov, poroorxer<irv nezrro, Ue rnv unoornprf,n rng ror oeponopiog- or feppovoi ouvovrnoov roxupn ovrioroon, ef,,rf,n uou ev upoeenov.To oxupo iooe, Exivog, flupoluoer9, Pone, florou' prrirveg, Koporog, Apuoloxr, Ioripnei, Kexoyro x.o. ovref,ov oro roxupo r<poro rrrtveurBeoeorv eni rperg npepeg. H roxeio 1rogouvrprn rov ylouyxoo.Lorxv orporeulrorr,rvorn Mo.xeovio Eepe ypnyopo uS yepUovrKguvolrerg ornv xevrprxn Mor<eovio poo or rnv xorlqo rou Af,,ro. H yeppovrxn 2n pepopxio reSorpoxrolrevrov cverpelys

20

re n ro mS npoooiog. Ou non or eniopxor orpornyoi oKrreDqvvo uopooouv ro vrKnqpo orpor rou qovrxo pernou orov ex0p. Ee no}_ l,eg povoeg n xoxunoqrio ef,,eix8nxeoe xpuqn n ovolKrn oroon Kqt n uerBopxio KoviornKe oe o ro unKos rou peK)frou. Or roroyg yro opnruf,,n rr,tv povoov tng Aoviog 8nxqv pLrg oug 12 Anpriou, evri oe noegpovoeg oro uuxq n unoxpnon opxroe prg oug 18 Anpr.l,iou, rov q eixov xprOei oro ovoroLrr<o.Ourognrov ovopevpevo, n unoxpnon ef,,eix8nxe ypnyopo oe Euyn, r<cr8g orEoovrov rnv ro rng orxpol,otoiog Kol roD eyxer_ opou oe orporneoouyr<evrpoons ro rLogrou S uopou. Mepu<gpovoeg orooiooov, n roppon onllrv yevrr<e8nxe o orporgrng Aoviog xor perorpcrrrnKe ypnyopo oe ovopycrvoreg opoeg orpouottv nou upoonoOouoov Ue xo0e rpno vo uepooouvro ovopo Kqr vo E0ooouvniocooug orKoYevets rous. H ouvSnxoynon Or rorxnrg tc.)vpovoov rou oovrno pernou ovunE0nr<ov roug r<rvvougnou upor<uurov ou rnv rrcrporeroUevn ncrpoUovnTouorporou rng Aoviog oBro Ueoo oro qovrx prr,ruo Kor, clrroug 11 Alpriou, opxroov vq mzouv rn orporrrouxh xqr no),nrKn nyeoio rng x6pog znrar_

6.0ppopevo noupoeio mo Pone. 7. Toyeppovrxri nupoporxri pfel rov xor o;lupriloeov rqq "fpoulrris Mero[,

H umoxeilpntrn qAtx*rx.ae tr Vpmvope WuVm, *<E8ebq cpo$or*wrsv ctx$-{sffic*sim ftot xnv l<el ?ov VKnctspo {yrpGTomm 6 muyx*\{xp&}smq

vrog <uourxn> on,non rn ouv8nxoynon rng xpog nprv rou8ei o otporg Kor nplv Fnopeoouv ol riig rre vrxnpvor Irqoi vq npoe).ooouv r<qrorKovregevo rou1rvo ovrinqo. Xe ourg uS KpoDoErS, upopxovrov on ro8e neupcr uou tou pernou, n xupvnon leclpyiou B-Kopuzn orrovToDoe opvrnrno, xo8g exprve u xotrrepn eypoyoio xo.Ooog rov ypUvrKv uvoynon yro ro p}.ov rng xpog nrov n morn epe<rtv on ro Movaornpr llpos rn @prvo goppoyn rr,rv oqrEc,rvrv ue roDs Bperovog,n_ Kol rnv Kooropro oof,e ro eopvo, on n xouryn rng uuoxpnong rou Bperovu<o t<o8gonertrooe nov pe r<x..oon r<or Exorporeuuxo Xpotog on ug reeuroieg uvo.ooxnpr,ruxn xoroorpoEn ro orpor rng rou UerS envrrou oLporo. A.l,oviog. )rov tel,euroio, orpoureg xor of,,rc,r1roH rolroxn perof,,rng orpqrrorrxng nyeoiog tou uxoi no.poxoou8ooov cruf,ovpevnoyctvio ug ge pernou Kor rng A8nvog ef,eix0nxeypnyopo_xoe[,e],i[,ergr<orovrrpernrzov Ue r<oxunoEio ug ro0g ro yeyovrn uiezqv- oe rrpoyUortKn rpion. toyg, nou rous zruoDocrvvo no.popeivouvoKopeoXng 16 Aupriou or ovrotor rorxnrg rrov ootpoo4revororo o8n urrv oovrndlv opov, rn ouytov orporou oro prono orer),qv ouoroouxo ree_ pn nou n xpa xoreppee ror o ex8pgxorotropo_ orypolpo ornv uonrnn nyeoio, zruvrog olreoo ove peyol,o rpngcto rng. Xe nol.ogyewngme rovcrKoxn. H xupvnon xqr rto]l o.pvn8nxe, xoSg )

rnpevoDspev on roug leppovog, vrr<nrgprrlg oS rrpos roug ftoog. To oxro nrov uepinoxo xor onrrronuotexrlrorprx, ro0g n nopouoio pe_ qo xqr n on.Leyyn ovogeoo rovlKoD orpcrroD oug xpeg tou Af,ovo ev 0o puopooe vo erupeqrerevo <rntr ouoreeopo>orov nepo our.

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or Bperovoi pioxovrov oxpn oug Oepponeg xor n Oeon roug ntov rroirepo euroEong.Or reeurcriorniezqv oEpnro ornv A8nvo yro noporoon rou nol,1rouUexprsrou pnopeoouv v' onoyxrorpoSov. Eug 18 ro yeyovro rnpnv poporrxn Uopen. Kcuor ou uoongmoerg o upoOuuoupyg Kopuzng uuorn veuprx x.Lovrop xcrr quroxrvnoe. |rc rov fepyro Kcrrrous Bperovoug n crutoxroviq nrov vog npoBerognovoxeEcrog, yrori poo oe o 8o npenevo pouv vo npo8uuoupy np8upo vcrrous oxoou8noeref,co on rnv Euo.fro roug orpornyogrou perciuoun ouror<rovionrov pio updnng rof,,eorg euxorpio vo eKUeroLeurov ro r<evef,ouoiognou nproupyn0nxe, vo ourovopnSouv qu rnv A8nvq xor vo uopouv ug rxg roug npcoroouieg. ouurn uourxn pnH f,n nrov nl,eov yeyovg. Eug 20 Anpriou ro onyeupo, o orpornyg Tooxoyou, rorxnrng rou l' Eporog Xrporou ror opxorrepog ou roug ooporopxes.pe tn opgovn yv1rn rcov uuooiuc,rvKor rnv nonrxn ornprf,n rou pnrpono.Lirn Iolowivc,rv Enupitova, uuyporye oro xc,rpr Borovor ro upro npr,rrxooouv0nxoynongrou evonolreivovrog envrxo orporo.

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Tnv enolrvn oro Ioowrvo unoypo<prnxeeurepo upr,nroo nopooong pe uopeveorepousylcr roug Enveg poug on ro upro. Koro on rn Oeo tr,tv rtcrrxv rolropruprv xperoornxe ous 23 vo Drloypo{prei xor veo upcorxo},o, ourn m gopo orn Oeoooovixn,pe vegrponouornoerg. EmvAEnvo 8.0 rtio1og rou Xro perof, ornv A8nvo ro nonrx xev eyrve Mero{ orqv uvqr vn yeEupr,rSei prg ous 21 AuprlJou pe npo0unoupyfo rnv opKopooio rou Eppovoun Toouepo r'rgveA6{ovpog ou npc,rSuuoupyo xripog. Ao ppeg apyrepa rng Kopu(rig o vog rpro8uuoupyS, ro qorro, rnv xupUe ouroxrdv4oe, vnon Kr o.pxerogourxogn rporrrog of,rolpoe16pevog ng roDxoug,crvcxrirpnocvyrq rnv Kpnrn xor rnv Aiyuopqineupeg yru nreoerg, rlv nro, nproupyvrogcurn rn Eopo ouoroour<repo nopfrooq rou xev ef,ouoiog.O cpxrorpornyog flonyog eixe oro nofpou vo perof,,uopo.rrn8eiore vo pn ouveBeiro vopn tiure rorpyouv rou Kol n Oon rou lre rnv, epnpnv rou, ouv8nxoor Bperovoi 14 ynon rou orpororou. xor Eug ouv04xoriyr1o4. 24 xnr 25 Aupriou eixe ouoroonxo orcrUcrfl(oorouo rnoer xoSe orporrcouxnenrxeipnon xor or feppo.Kor(rfq voi pe pnxovoxivnreg pepopxieg, pe reSopo.xr-

opvo. r<or oeponovo r<urorvovupog ASnvoEoro-flarpo xor Meooyyr r<orordrr<ovrog uS perovrxg onroBoEuor<eg. npoi rng KuprcrTo r<trg,27Anpriou, or leppovoi pnnr<ov ornv AOnvo. Exeivo nou xupirogroug evrEepe nrov n rcrxrepn uvorn p8pron rov envrxv rpoyporov pe rpuo ore vo ouoeopeu8ovqu rnv rreproxn xor vo orpqouv ).egroug ug uvolrergornv exorporeio xoro rng Eoreuxng Evrrrong.Or puBpioerg ourg 8q nrqv xo vq yivovrov rrprv clcroouv or ftnoi rn xcirpo.. voznToDoov^olrov ellerYovros evov flpoSuuoupy xor pio xuepvnon. Avolreoo oroug uo.Loroguol,urroug ev p0nxe KcMevoS roo yeppovErogore v crvooerLrgrxegrng xtipog oe outnv tnv <ctrxn> uepioroon. Or leppovoi orpoEnr<ov rre npos rous updroug nou yvproov orn veoKoroKrnpvn xcipo, non orous orpcrrnyous rous oUe uoioug eixov uuoyporperrn ouvOnr<oynon or xor onoior, epnUnv rorv or,rv upxV pnopooov vo

22

BecLlpnBov K rov npoypor<,tvxuepvnreg rng oS xpog. H uproon eyrve oro orporny Toooxoyou ror o reeuro.iog oueuoevq rn ex8ei -oxenrpevog ro oulrEpov rng xpog, nrognrooe xqr rre r<or opyrepo. Xug B0 Auprl,iou oxnporiornKe n [prn Kqroxrxn xuepvnon Kqr ous 2 Mcriou, oe verf,,nr<ong8nong, or leppavoi oneeu8pr,roov ooug Enveg orxlrocbroug eixov oul,oer.Me rov rpno our n xpo. punxe ornv r<oroxrr<h uepioo.
XHMEICJ'EIE 1. <Judgement: The Aggression Against yugoslavia and Greece)), aro The Avalon Project at Yale Law School, http://www.yale.edu/Iawweb/avalon/ imtlproc/j udyugo. htm, 26 IoD^ioD 2003. 2. II. Ooroep Xayrit^v, ,tppa xat Eaoaxa, H EAaa rng Katoxng xat rng Avtiotaang, 1941-i944,rUoSlos, Exoerg flonoznon, x.T., x.x., o. Ur(pp. XoyKev @oroep, 65, <Judgement: The Aggression Against yugoslavia and Greece>, o.rr. 3. fro ug ouvoprieg pe roug BperovoS Kor rnv onEoon yro onooron exorpoteuuxo oporog ene everxuxo:

Kornouou X. Ioown, [Iatvp1arcn, txtaropia, rr^pog 1935-1941. peravug napayovrag otnv O E^^aa, EKooerSrng <Eotiog>, A8nvo, 198b,oo. 223-800, Woodward (Sir) Llewellyn, British Foreign Policy in the Second World War, voI. 1, HMSO, London, 1970,aa. S2S536. 4. Ero xivnpo oulrlrereixov (ov Kot o pog roug ev nrov evepyO oredxn rng Bperovrxng Ynnpeoiog Errxv Emxerpnoeov SOE (Special Operations Executive). 5. Errxrepo orov flerporo or xoroorpoEg nrov repootreg, xr pvo oro ^tUovr, oo oug ypo neproxeg. Tnv nepioo eKeivn ro rlrovr nrov ye1roro o[ envrxo xor f,vo ntroio (Koro ro neiorov o1ryrxo), yeporo Ue orporroux ux, ro onoio eixe Eopro8ei nprv on rn yeppovrxn eniBeon. Tnv nppo gororo nou exn-.8nr<e Bopopropg oro o ^4nvr pioKovTov xor rpio oyyrKo r<oropo1uxo, ro orroio nrov npupvoern1rvo exei nou eivor onpepo n enrorrxn oon. H oeponoprxn eri8eon fexivnoe nepinou oug 11 F.U. xor o o1ropropS eixe ropxero o copv. Avolreoo oto noio pror<rov xor vo nou perEepe vupoyuxepivn (npooprzorov yro ro epyoorooro tou Mnooooxn noo Enoxve Lnporo), ro onoio orrs 12.40xrunnSnxe xor our. H expnf,n nrov roo roxupn, rLrorc on to onilo ornv Koor,\o (rtou efiov nioo orr ro tpo rou flpoEnrn Hio) etpuyov ro nopoSupo lrozi 1ic ug xoocg. Xopoxrnpronxo, Uro orr rtg oyKUpeSrou noiou (opouS 12 rvrov) peBnxe xrrperpo poxpro, ornv noreio Kopon, Irnpooro ofi To ^nporlK O6orpo. Orov oropornoe o opBopropg og o flerporog tptlnzrov on rrg nupxoyrcg nou eixov ono8ei poo oto 4rovr, nou eixov noper (pono o ro nerporo nou eixov xu8ei poo orn exovn rou rpovro. Koiyovrov r<or or exorovroeg EoprnyiegFooveg, or onoieg rre nrov eg f,rveg. I

9.0r feppovoi eroeplovror or4 0eoooovix11. 10. feppourd p6oo tippo nepvf ond xofu4 r4v q noropori, roOdrq y6rpupo 61er xoroorpogei ond T0uq unolopovreg Bperovo9. 11. Kopptir r4g Bdppolr nepv rovfl4veld noropd. 12.Odoyyo xoreu0verar ond rq 0fpo npoq Tnv A0rivo. 13.0 p4rponoir4g loowivrov Inupirov unomfpl[e rov f. Toofxoyou orqv ondgoof rou uouroypfrlsl ouv0qrodyqo4

23

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ouv8nr<oynon rrov e.,nvmvuvolreov rou oovrnouperuou oug 20 Anpriou 1941x.,eroe Lrerov nov uoopeoroylcr roug Envegrpno ro xegoloro rou ef,,opnvouoxnpo oyvo evovuo orn gqolorlKn ftol.io. H EIoq eixe nrrn0ei xor r<qrcmrn8eiou ng uvcrlrerg Af,ovo. To veo xerou Eooro nou ovorye neov ntov our rcov oxeoeov rou e..nvrxo qou pe rous veouguvoores rorJ,Ue ro vozropoxor ro rpoorop. To reeurcrioueio rng cwoperpnons 0o nrov o vnor<onxg xpog. Ernv Kpnrn Bo ypoErov o enioyogrov poxcilv evovriov rns yeppcvrKng nol.eptxng pnxovng orov etrorx xpo r<crr Boxoro vrq, oo ouvcrpo Bo xoroypcrqovrcrvol ro8oeig tou e.l,l,nvrxou uo ouvnvu oro vrxnrn rou no..epou. emxeipevn pc.xn Bo pnopooe vo eivor H nororroinon unorcryngn oEernpio ovrioroong oe ourv,npo.on ng orcrxteg nrrog. ev nrov potng vo ot ror<uxegoupUoxrKes uvolrergKcrrro rUnpqro rou el,nvrxo orporou nou 8o enorlrizovrov rnv uuepoomon rng vnoou. Ercrueio uov poxv vcrg onpovuxg cprBpgnonv nqroiooe rlg roKu1.feppovrxo KsSotporrouxeg JUuvoperg,cvtoxuovrclsuS oUUVrl52mo xeg ypol4reg xcrq rou erooeq. 8nxe ror ro oepopripro rou vcruoporns yevlKeulrvngovrioroonE, oxpn xo.r M6epe. pero rnv uton rrrrvoonKov Ktvrpov rou vnorou. 2,3. flpoerolH erorlrrnro rou xporouE nrov oro pouo rotv puofeg rqv yro enllefp4o4Kpnrv- onoeeorepnrov ro8eoeovrou Loo. H oErf,,nrou feopyiou Kqr rng xupvnong ToorfeuMepxop, po oro vnoi eoxrorcr ouvoeornv upooouron evfvrro or4v rou. Ero orpouour ueio eurxerpnOnxe roxeio n Kpfrq, feppovrig ovoovrof,n rov orpcrrlorlr<v povnov orous rpers noupoqrfg Xcrviov, Pe0pvouxcrr Hpoxeiou. H ounvooe voUoDS, oeponvo voLrxn uvolrn rcov epur,tv Toypourlv rrv 20n xol Moiou 1941ovepxrovoe 1.900ou.Liregxor 70 o, oe[mronordg peoo JU-52 f,rcopourog,pe xpro oul,rop opxoio ruqrr<ro oe

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kpo, Movrxp Kor Mo.ouzep,31 ononouo ror B uouo ouvorxcr.flopo),l,no ouyxpornOnr<ovXuvroyporo flezrxo pe oulireg rov Kevtprr,rv cxnorcoea.rv llconovvnoou. nou eirng xov onoroorei oro vnoi oro rn Anpriou. Tiuore uu ourq ev Uilopouoe vo xopoKrnprorei of,rpoxo.H V Mepopxio Kpmng ev eixe KqroEeper, eorr,r xor ouoexqrropvn, vo euovoxlrqrer oro vnoi. H c4ruvo rou vnoro o<pe8nxe eror o 28.000otporrregrov ouFpoxrxv uvc4reoJv KUpitog Auorpol,v xor Neoznovcilv- Ue rn oupupuf,n 14.000trnvr,rvorporrotrv oe KoKn Korooroon. Xrnv xorvn yvpn rns enoxns, Ueoo orn yevrxn xoxunoqricr,Beopn8nxe u n vo xuepvnon orogpnoeylcl Lnv Kpnrn rnv onoio ev eie uopo pvo og oro8p orn Euyn rng. Av Kor oe xonoro o8p orxn, n xornyopicr ourn ),euoupynoe no.urr<cr otnv Koroxn Kql orct peroyeveorepo xpvro. Xro royyepo rou Toouepo oug 14 Moiou 1941yrvrov enir<trnon rng ouro8uoios xcrr rns yevvorrnrog rou KpnrlKou oo. H opupof,n rou crouno unOuopo xprvrov ovoyxoio yro rnv eflrtuxio ttov olruvnxv pnxcrvropv Kcn rnv evioxuon rng onorpenurng toug rxovrnrog. Me uponyopevn rorcryn rng 4ng Icrvoucrpiou1941 eixcrv upooroproreior por yro rn ouyKpornon ot,rpcrros

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llouoEuoxngorcroonKcrKvrpo on rn ErponoruKn ^rciKnon Kprung. llpol,enrcrvn ouyKpTnon uvqpng 3.050outv Kor o UeovuKS 60pe rrropS roDS orporror]K u^rK. M vo roroyn n uvqrn [propiornKe orous 1.500ollftes ylo troro vnoi. To fevrx EnueeioXrporooro rn Iovouopiou1941pooloprzrr ylcl rov sfonropo rou oUclroeollorlovrcrv 10.500ncr,100 rpuoiy yr yrcl xq8e no, 350-375 ononouo S0Kol 60 nouo ro ovooycr uoepoEro.OFoS, Ue rropo uS rro.pcrrrclvo roroyegKt rnv orr(goonrov ouplrcrKv uvolreov vo Kporn8ei ro vnoi, n xuepvnon ev npoxripnoe ornv eyKorpn utronoinon tou oxeiououvKprnons rropoorpout,lrrxv povorrtv. Or rpoyrxg eeiryetg no xor orpoutoux oe urx xor KctrcloDverrelon uorunng Kcrrcrprron rov votr^ov norrv Ko8roTouoovrnv elrn],oKn roDSnprBoproKnKor croropevn ornv ou8p1rrun rct8eon rrcrpo ornv opyovo)on. llpoypcrrrxo, rnv po rng pcrxng ouyxporn8nxcl nouctprBpo. vonq oUoro nonciv lre rrorrK ourop xnr no ou rls perovrKeg ono8nr<eg. flepiuou oe 6.000urrooyiornKov or e0eovreg rrou flpooerpf,ovoro neicr piryng rrov cref,rnrr,tuorcbv. vexpoi crvcrpeoo Or roug ovntrBov oroug 600. H Bperovrr<nAuroxporopio, ouyr<pnrno,excroe uepinou 4.000ovpeg.flepiuou

5.000oef,rnrorrores xor 1.000crnrvroreg reBnxov exrg pcrxng,vexpoi xo.rrpoulrorieg.Enencrou evo exonpepo oxnpcbvpoxv or ueigrng Kpnppogrng unoiSpourns ruov rng Kr ro peyorepo oro xpro rou exBpou.Toucrxrorov 200 Kpnreg exreeornxov Ueoct pepegKclrUeproug npreg ef,,r xeg exorovrtreg opyrepo,rov Auyouoro, orgovrirlolvo yro rn ouUlrroxn rou apoxou un8uopou orn poxn. H Moxn rng KprnnE reeic,roe rov rpuo our, pe oenvowos pog uioo rng vo UnvDUcl. flopo rnv ovenopxero nov xuepvnr<ovKol rov xuepvnoeciv, nq)o rnv onouoio rou xporoug, rropo rnv ouvc4uo rov outrpclxov n xorvovicr tou vnolou etooero oriypo rov rq8eoeov oxi,npou rou envrxou Lo.ou. Apxrze neov xr pvo o nyvcrgrng enritoong, oq xor n uepioogrng Avrioroong. llo.po ug cr[oyopeuoersornv nnpoq]pnonrotv Envov yro tn Moxn rng Kpnrng, o crnnxog nvrioroongrc,lv rng Kpnrriv, oS qnpn xor rog<uuyero> unpogpnon eerooeypnyopoornv ABnvo. Tn vuxro oug 30 rpos 31 Mo.iotl 1941, nvepcr oro rt:v npeprilv, rre qoror rmeg Movng ll.zog xot Anoorngl,owog xnrcronv ocrouxoorr ro ror rng oro xpo rnE rn Axpnong.Or xoxeg roOeoerg Ei.nvov onercov vovrt oroos KctroKrrueg rous olreKrnoov ror rnv nprn ouporKnrous xEpoon. I

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3.Hoplrr o;1enx{ onoo1riOr Boyopor rov fepgovtiv To Moro rou 1941or feppovoi oveBeooveniong reux6uve orn oppox roug Boutryopio ro orpcrxour eeyxo ro oyero Xirtrep rng ovororr<ng rou Moxeoviog Kor rng uurng Opoyro onoeopeuo4 fro ro znrnpo our uponynSnr<av oug opxg xng. nou uvtipeov 0o Aupr}iou or qu' eu8eiqgeroEg rou Boycrpou oxoreu0vovrov orro Bprg pe rov Xirep oto Bepoivo, evriro urqg evovriov uoupygrrov Ef,rlreprxv Ilong ef,,Epooe ernv Iopnrrx{g uio yro vir<.n rou Af,ovo oto Boxqvro, ore vq Evrrlo4g. feppovoi Ioer n Bouyopio ornv xoroxn rng ro eoqrnuou poroorxenoreg on<ileoe orov A lloyxopro llepo. Mxpr ug 22 xurdr4veioo Anpriou 1941 ra oulyoprxo orporeporo eixov roug orqv A0{vo upo<oBn0ei rov Erpqrvo xor g ro roupKrKooDg ong27Anpriou vop(r. 1941. To npoxoeoernv ovnouxiq xot npyporo H reeuroioef,etfi,n Krvrn uonpoxerorng Ayxupag nou roroOcrvrcv e[efiOqxov no uvougoe opogrng oe uepiurc,ronyevrxng ovoucrrogopenxti

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rng xorp -nopopoveg, euovoopovouUe, emxeipnong <Mnoppnopoo>, rng eui0eong xoro tng Xoreuxng Evroong-pe xarcotpoEn. H xu.Leprxn ruprous roupKrvnon oueuoe troruv vq rooKeooer pe nog tpoug mv uroyporpn, ong 18Iouviou 1941, oupgvou priog perof,u u,rv o xr,pv ornv Ayxupo. To Bepoivo Ue rnv notrxn rou epEovzrov og n pvn eupr'rnoixn uvopn nou uuoornprze ovrroretrgro oupgepovro rng Toupxiog, ev or yepepnpepiegproocrvVro rnv nouxn quUo!'rKeS rtruqrn rou Aovivou. llpor<ergvouvo nponE0ouv ruxv uoopeoregxoroorooelg or yeppct!'lKcsct1lxes r<oroxng xprvov ovoyr<triornv uopepon orporrlur<v uvolrev roug perof,u r<ovouyoprxv uvolrec,rv noroxng, rng uxng oporng, xor rng Toup" riog. Eror npoeKuqe ourgo nepiepyog<ropopog> rou Epou, pio zrm uepinou 2.500rerpoyovrx<ilvxtpe rolrerporv yeppovmn orpouomr<nr<oroxn,enong rng neproxng.frq rn leppavio ruxv orpoEn rng vrxn roir<nonKol (poreouoo> ro ru1rrerxo er<eivo rov Toupxing upog rn Bperovio roouvopooe onvuvu orq erng Or npoOoerg Bouyopiog, wc*sll nvrr<oeoEn uou rqreoe, eKn8nKov pe eurCIfrm XCIffiremxn mn h{mnrxeipcvn r<pivero.Au rnv nprn orrypn. Erxog ntov o rcten{*SRe mo*o'peuwn Vp!"xs\nx&v rnv rev xrorog exouyopropSKor n upoooprnon roug Ks! uvcpewv rxo Ksffixsvrs TnvCililas orn ouyoprxn enrxporercr.llqvo ol 100.000 rs Envegupoguyeg ovoyxoornr<ovvo Koto(puYouv uuxq o[ rn outrycrprxn zvn, yvtlpizovrS rn

28

f;

4. Hnomxf xor
oKnprnro rou oDyoprKouKoroxrKou orpcrrou ef,oo oto Arycrio Kor rnv ovoBerirpnonmg ong mporrorrxf rov KCU ooEUKuKoevovriov roug perpo rng ouyoro nou eixe o8ei oro poxeovrx znrnlro rnv errctprc [Yeoi0 yeppovrxtirv xot ptxng roixnons. AvriBero, or roxupes yeppovrxg rov Boxovrxv noprovn rou A'floyxoopiou op;1tirv moergrrposrn Booyopio,oxeuxo Ue rnv onoeufloepou.fro LouE Iroognp6rn npotcporIruo n- norxrirv 0r yn xo8e exBprxng n ucrpef,nyno4rngxivnong upog rov n reupuvon rc)v xrnoev roDSoro Aryoio pe xorolfg. lrooi K.T(e6(0, xcrr ioog rnv Toupr<io,crvoyxooov rov po8Dnoupy rng Oirnv Ilpo8eon oro ^oKqvnoo rns Ec4rou 16 peprxv orov vnorV mog xor n ef,ootpcrron rorx4rfg .l\oEvcrouppopEc.r0ei nnpo4 Uerls unoeif,,erg rou lrponfg, Bepoivou.Tov Oxr<bpro rou 1941 or ouyopo- rov vnordlv rou Ioviou. An exei Kqr llepo oro vo- 11qg Il. roupxrxgoxeoersepEovizovrov olro-,onornpeveg. Ucl rov Eoorouxorv evroorooeov uepi Meyong xor fxir(t, npeopeurfg, xor H ef,l,rf,n crutn o<pei.noeon<'lonuorern 1rou- Aoviog n uepi oxrxou llpryxructou rng llivo feppovrig ooulrovrxn perovrnrcrmg Opcrxng,tng onoing rcr ou, or ovcllpooclppoyegtng envrxng emxporerrou n4pe[oorog rxorporo ev Sixrnr<ov -oo rov unooiuov- crcrgirov ovorxrgnpog xoOepoptpn xor xoreOuvon. Pr1 fx. n rn ouyoprxn roixnon, uopo ug ovnouxieg frcr tnv Ecrcr nrcrv ruxep ro yeyovg u n eAtrrevpnoupyx puoxn rou roxupou ercripourou Af,ovo, rng vcrzrrng reeuroiogyro ruxv uopevpyereE crurngrng rlpooeKrxng geroxeiprongoug peyo.Leg Uouoou- ouxng feppclicrg oro Avcno}rx Uemtno,rng euperovrnregrng irog rng Bouyopiog. oepio perpnlrvn nourKn rrou oueeneoro vo UovrKS uepropioeroro eoxroro rrg cvorporresKol rnv crvcrropoxn ornv Eoo, pxpr rouoxrorov vcr xprBei o xotroxoipr rou 1941n rovolrn rcovenT o uepog oug poorxg ueroeg vrxv eoqrvovopcoo orous crclipousrou Af,ovo eixe ooxi.npoOei. Au ouroS or hooi xor or Bouycrpor Beopouocrv xrtn xe*v YmKsffi$nqsipx ,W4, m ffinmr,rcxp,lx"l x$eJ volrn ucpinou rrrgpvr1rn, ofl rnv ortoio emrpcilv ffi\r{x&iffiffi ffinwfrymg**m trxm efnffinwreccfuw IrlopoDocrv vo euoEen0ov npoooprwog eogn y*lw Kffi& Ksmffi*ff mffiapc{ffixrpqx*ffis{ efxs xor o,\.ozovrog Eeg oe rouErpuorxcr ovopo ro mg xpog. fro roug Boyopougn re.Lrxn npoocrprnon rov eoov nou xoreixov onuorve uoo.rnv

29

llpo:onn

Epgovoun
(1882-1956)
Noyrxgn norrr6q xor orxovo;royoq, fewrienlte oro P60ugvo Kpnrng xor n60ove rnv Aonvo ro 1956. Inooo6 oe Aenuo, llopiol rcr ^ovivo. An6 ro l906 F6xpr ro 1912 Srov U6oq rnq Bou6S r(|)v Kpnr6v. EqcEyn ou^urfq rou voFo PeeFvnS cmo 1915, t92O Kor I 923. AropiornKe unoupyq :uyxorvwrrirv ornv KuB6pvnon Bcvr(^ou 119241, unoupyq Orxovogrxriv onq xuepvfioerg Ko(PovTapn, llonovqorooiou xor lo.po^n 11924.251. To l93l ropicrnK rorxnrfig rng Tpon6(nq rnq E^ooq, O6on ornv onoid rov pfxe n rxroropio rnq 4nq Auyo(rrou rou 1936. luFFTeixc og ovrr('roorol(6q xrvrioerq ora Xovr xor ro 1936 noporrfiOn[e on tn O6on rou, T60nKGoe Kor'oiKov neproproF |(or cKroni('rnKe orn :po. Merd Tnv eroon rrv feplrovdrv ov6de rnv npo0unoupyiq Kal Kor6(Puve Fo(i Fe ro Ooor^rd fdrpyro B' orn Mon Avoron. Arer^eo erci np66poq rnq eeOepnq eAnvrxftq ru6pvnonq rou Koipou (1941.441, n onoio, Fo(i pe rrq envrreq ovrrorooroK6s opyov.iroerq, t(p6rno ({|lvTovh rnv enio .|ne^eue6p(||ons rou 6evouq on Tn ypFovrrri Korox6. To 1945 ftrov qvrlnpepoq qrnv Ku6pvnon Eogon, ro 195O unoupydq Euwovropo ornv rupvnon n^oornpo, ro 1951 ovrlnpepoq ornv xu6pvnon Bvrq^ou ror ro I 952 unoupyq veu xoproguoKiou crnv Ku6pvnon nonyou.

Aefovpog Kopuzng
(1885-1941)
npreunoupYq rnq E 609. fawrionKe orov n6po. To 1903 ropiornxe ornv EOuK6 Tp6nc(o ror eloixonxe no ypfiyopo ornv repopxic rnq rpne(oq oe Kopueoio rnq or6exoq. To 191 5 ouppTeixe ornv opy6vr,ron rou xou rnq oyporrxfiq niqrns rnq E0vlxftq Tpneqoq, qn rov onoio npofte n Aypouxf Tpdne4. Ernv Ayporrxh Tpncqo firov o np|i|ros npepoq. YnnpEE rpurnq xor npepoq rou Aurvopou lro(Prrxo Opyovropo on ro 1925 drq ro t 928. To I 928 yrve unororrnrftq rns EOvrKfq Tp6ne(oq. To 1936 (,|q to 1939 Rrv unoupyoq np6voroq orrs Kupvrioers Tou lrown Mro6 nou npofrOov Fcr ro npofrxnngo rnq 4nS Auvoorou I 936, Kor rn Onreio rou outfr o Kopu(frq nptnroy(,)viornoG orn eonron v6pov yro lnv l(orvrvr|(h oo(Pdron. To t939 en6orpE{re orn Oon rou ornv Eevrl(ri Tp6nE(o. Mr6 ro O6voro rou l. MEroq o oorrq Ferirpyroq B'rov r6proe npor0unoupy, oe Fro l<prorUTorn orrygir yro rrq rxeq rnq E^ oq. O Kopu(fiq ovrr;rerrinroe o(P'evS Tn ouv6xon rou eMnvoirorKo no6gou xor, Tourxpovo, Tnv on(Poon rns fppovioq vo enrreci ornv EAAo. lrrq 6 Anpliou t 941 on6ppre ro rEeoiypogo rnq Feppoviog Kor orrq 18 Anpr^iou, ^ivo nprv Fnouv rq yeppovrx dpporo ornv A0rivo, ouroxr6vnoe oro onirl rou ornv o Kntproioq.

Enupirov Bl,xog
(1873-1956)
A0nvdrv xor nonq Apxenioronoq EM6oq (1949-1956), onyowrxri Opnoxeurrxri xor eovrxri Fop(pri. fewrienl( orn Xn^n rng Brouviog xor ono6oo orn Oeo^oyrxri IxoAfr rnq X6xnq. YnhpEe oFnpq repoKripuKoq xdr Fa ro Ayo roun on rn O6on rou dpxreporrKo enrrpnou KodS, nptoroyoviornoE Kor6 rnv nepioo Tou Mofi eovrKo Aydrvq npooe6povroq $eyeq eevrr6q unnpoieq roo nvauFqrrK6 6oo ror urx. To 19OG BeA6g xor cq6yn pnrponolirnq Kovironq, ouvexi(ovroq v(r npoo(Ppel no^ oro 6gvoq |(dr rnv nepioo rov Eo^KovrKdrv no6Hr,rv 1912.!3, tr^ 6 Kol crro qnrn$o rng oneAeu06p0ronq rnq gopeiou Hncipou. To 1916 sq,e^6yn pnrponoirng Ioowivorv, ouvexi(ovrdq ro Fov6o norFovnK Kr covrKo rou 6pyo, To 1949 eq,c^vn opxrenioxonoq, roex$evoq rov Aogooxnv, otnv rpiorpn qurft nepioo Vrd rnv E^46o' Ayrviornre Kor on rn O6on ourfr yro rnv cvoropy6vron rnq Exxlnoiog xot Tnv pon r(nv ouvnerdrv rng Koroxfg Kor rou EFguiou. O lnupirov 6xeroe rnv eovo(Pefui p6on rou ovu^ogvowoc rnv nyeoio rnq enlrponfiq yro rnv unoorftprqn rou ov6vo T(|)v Kunpirv yro 6voon Ue rnv Eot ovoerxvupevoq Tor oe ^oFnpn axxnoroorlxn guoroyvurpio.

30

Icrlwng Toryvteg-

Iedlpyrog

ESopcirvog
(1897-1943)
trporrorrrxq, yewnp6vog ornv TAroo rnq PouFovios. no^6Fnoe orn Mrrp Aoio, nripe p6poq oro xivnpo rou 1935n ogo nporoyorviornoe ornv ipuon rnq EMnvrxriq Erporrorrxf q Opyvoonq (EEOI to 1933, Foqi Fe rov top6en, rov Kofuo^6qn xor rov Bxo. npogu^oKiornxe per rnv onoruxio rou KlvhFdros Kdl KordlKornKe oe roro ro M6prro rou 1935, evd, Koeorp0ntre on ro orp6TeuFo rov enoFcvo Fnvd. Ed xpn Fero rnv nd^rvpet|)on rns BooruoF6vnq AnFoKporiuC Kor ev ovoK^rienxe grn eon rou Kor Tov n6^eFo rou 194(F41, pero(Pepdpevog orn O6on rou onAirn. Kor Tnv Koroxri r6euvc orn M6on Avorofr, evrx0nxe l(or nor oro orpor xor unnp6rnoe orrq puorrx6g unnpeoieq, ge orxo rnv opyavt,on rnq ovrioroong crnv EAoo. Ynhp4e roFnpq Kor enreEroS orn pon rou, nou ovnnrxonKe oro n^oioro rnq opyv(|)ons "MioS", KorqOnxe xor ouvefgon on rrg apx6q Kqroxriq, nou xxArooov ro Kpno(Pycro rou, yd, o iros 6xoe ro opxeio rou Kor unoenxe ro poo rou oqrr,lgorrKo rnS ooruvolJioq. Or lrd^oi, ooroo, ev neiornxov xor qxooOnoe ouFnAoxfi, ro16 rnv onoio ororrir0nxov 3 lrooi, TpouHoriornKov 5, svd, o npr|(6s Tory6vrS nE(Prc vKpq, rrpnroq on orpoipq oro x6vrpo rrrrv Agnv6v lllornoiolv 86), orrg l4 lovouopiou 1943. O 06vorq rou Kor n poon rou onoreov nop66erypo oyt'rvrorrxhq gilonorpioq Kol ovTrorooroKhs ponq.

Tooaxoy.l,ou
(1886-1e48)
lTporrrrrnq, vewnF6vos qrn Pewivo Aypagov. npe F6poq orouq Borovrroq no^gouq, orov A' lloyxopro neFo Kor orrq eKorporeieq crrnv Ouxpovio xor rn Mrxp Aoio, nq rorxnrrig rng Erporrg Hneipou un6ypo{re rn ouvenKo^Vnon Fe rouq fepFovoS To 1941 xor ropiornre on6 rrg uv6perq Karoxhq np@eunoupvoc rns E,|^dt|qyro ro rorn;ro 1941.42, Opxiornre oro no^cr ovxropo (onpep|vf Bouh), orrs ll ro npoJi rnq 3OhS Anpr^iou 1941. O Too^Koy^ou ovrrperdrnroe ro oxlnprepo xoroxrx xerpdrvo rou 1941, ye rrg enrrferq xrrpiov, Tnv novre^ir 6er{rn rpo(Piprv xor rrq oopoeq exrc^6oErc orv ev rnpooov xor6 ypypo rrg loroy6g ralv opxdrv Koroxns. H xupvnon rou xipufe xnroro ro qorr l<or rnv "avKdrdei{rt oo rn x(ipo ouvooreiqur evdr npoonenoe Fe ro eEvxFevo Foo evnp6poong vc ro6er rnv e46prorn e^nvrKf fiu6pvnon rou Koipou fiql o^K^npo rov norrrx KoFo, Fe rnv xornyopio rnq ayKordErnq rou do. Mer Tnv onaEuopron xororxornxe on6 ro Errx Arroornpro Aoror^yov ornv no|vf rou 0ov6lou, n onoio IrTorp6nnKe oe 10610. Il60ove Kor Tn rpxerc rng xoOeipledlq rou qn Euxqrpid. To onopvnpoveporo rou F. Too6Koyou exonxov on rn o(uy6 rou, Koirn TooA6xoyAoun To 1959.

Krrlvorovrivog AoyoOernouog
(1878-1e61)
frorpdq xor noArrrxq, ywnF6voq oro Nonro, lnoooc lorprKn oro Mvaxo Kdr yrve rKTrpMoreurrrriq xor l-uvorrooyioq oro JlovsnrorhFro Aenvdrv ror reuOuwrig fuvdrfiooyioS oro voooxoyeio (AperoigrovD Kdr "EuoyyeroF6q", @eurpeirol o eeFettorhq rnq fuvorxooyios ornv E^ dd. O ^oyoOernouog rer6eoe nprovnq rou Jlovenrorngiou Aonv6v tror Kdro rn r6pxEro rnq enreios rou rponxov no^ 6q novenrornprox6g K^rux6q Kot voooKoueid. :Tn r6p|(Ero rnq Korox6q 6yrve unoupvoq lloreioq xqr npdvoros ornv xu6pvnon TooKoy^ou Kor oKo^oors, ;rer6 rnv nopoirnon rng Kupvnonq ro 1942, dv6^o o iros rnv npoOunoupyio p6xpr rnv 7n Anpr^iou 1943. To lenr6ppro rou 1944 6euye orn fepFdvio. ArxornKe epnunv orn iKn r(,|v ror^Vov xor xororx6ornxe oe roro vdr, ogo nopo6enKe orrs oupgoxrx6q opxS orn fepHavio, xeiornxe dflq ^ nvrK6C eu^oK6s To Oepoupro rou 1946,:rrs 3 lovouqpiou I 951 ro xopiolnxe ro unAorno rng norunq rou. AnFooieuoE rrg npooornrx6q rou ovo;rvftoerg pe rirAo <lo n onoerqD, xor rn 6rdpxero rng KpTnonq rou orrq euofiq.

31

H KATOXH 19+1, 1g++

i

ToU TIOP|OY MAPTAPITH loropiog, xc0nprni }l1ypor.r:rg ovon-npotri llovemotripro Kpt'rrng

r o xuepvnoerg H nprn enilroon rns rurcrsKor rng xoromyng rng Eoog or ro f,vo orpcueporq exntrBnKe ornv xopuEn rng nomrng, oro xuepvnrrx eniueo. Ynnpxc lrio ovriqroonoLo yeyovgu n xpo -rr.rg o oorrog luirpyrog xqr n reeurqiq r<upvnonornv eleuBepn A8nvo eixov ouoEooioer- ouvexlze rov uepooro neup rng Meyong Bpetoviog, ev on rnv on ro oEog,or u.Louunyg xor ro ovo.Lorov uouv roncrpcryoyrKeg tng pioxovrov xoro ou rov .A.eyxo ex8po. H rou cvriEoon onynoe, uog nrov Euorx, oe o xurr,w epvnrrxo oxnporo, oe o r<uepvnoerg onoir.iv or uvorrnreg nrav ex rr'rv npoyporov Ileproprnrov xup opveg.H nprinn, exeivn rng ef,opiog, vnon xopig oEogxor xopig o, ornprypvn ouoxLerouxo orn rnoporrrn ovoyvpron o.urn Meyo..n Bpetovio Kclr rcl unorno oulrlroxrxo nporn. Or xpor eni rrov onoiolv lrrropouoevo ctoxnoer rnv ef,ouoio rng nrov ef,orpeuxa ttepropropvor. O eInvrxg orporg rng Mong Avorong ef,,opurav no neproorepo ou ro Bperovrx Erpornyeio rng Mong Avorong n rng Meooyeiou uopo on rnv e}nvrxn xupvnon, ro epnoprx vouux, pe envrrn n pn ongoio, qxoou0ooe roDSollUpoxrxoug r<ovveg oug So.Lcrooreg UeroEop9, ev or xorvrnreg trov f,,evnepevov Envr,rv -ro roxup e.l'lnvrx tr1rmrr,rvHIIA youxopnnvoEpovrov no neproorepo ornv xu8pvnon tng veog roug norpiog uopo ornv qvriororxn rng norog. Xro Aovivo n opyrepo oro Korpo, peoo oe ournv rnv rroirepn xorooroon rrou xupropxouoe n qeorrnro xor n onpof,,icr, eocoreprxg or ro1ro-

, , .

;. l

xeg nrov Euorr<vo rotrorrr,rpnoouv our ro xuepvnrrx oxnpo. To yeyovg u onoreooc ouolcrrng oux rqoxo rou rr<roroprxor<o8eordnog 4ng Auyoorou xor qorze rn volrrlrrnro rou quoxerouxo xor pvo orn oorhxn evron,ro xoOrorouoov rroirepn euoonooe nreoersxor yevrxo ovorng f,,rurorooro eor,neprr< xpo.g.Mvo upog ro r.Log rng Koroxng, xoBg nnoioze n oueeu8epoon, n xuepvnon rou ef,coreprxo crpxroenpooeuuxo vo onoro8roro ro xpog rng, roBg rpoe r,lgn mSovrepn r<uepvnrrrn uon yro rnv oueeu8eporpvncrurov Af;ovu Eoo. To erepo ruepvnrrx oxnpo. rrou fipoeKuqre poo cru ug rre ouvSnxeg r8ere otpogxcu o, nrv 1104 ouznrnorlro xoro noo r8ereef,ouoio. Or xoroxrxoi orporromr<oirorxnrg, o ho-

32

'#-

l.Hpfo,qneivu Kol oturis o Kor eqovduroov ro Kpoq eXroTo

'illl,li
tN

TOv KTOXTKdV

.'h

xupepv|ioeov. rpopr4yd Evo uEro0epel nrdporo A04vofrov

g,o feppcrg, o Bouyopog orn rxn rou zovn, eixcrvoogg peyourepnef,ouoio on roug xoro ruoug xuepvnrrrog exnpoodnoug tng ABnvctE, volropxeg. Emrougrorxnrgneprqreperv roDS Kcrl Kcrneov,pe oroBepn opouoo rnv evqvtiov ToDS or rnyopio yro upoooio xor ororoyrolr, xoroxrr<g xuepvnoergpioxovrov Koro or ropxn nieon xqr vroSov rnv ovoyxn vo crnoeif,ouvu n emoEongOonroug oqerrnvornv emOulrioroug loireg rng xd-rvq on8noouv roug ervoncrSouvres png,n-Ln xnr rcreBvrxn oulrtppovro orn uoxon ourn ouyxupio. Or polrorrxoi pnveg rng Kcnoxng, or orepnoerg, neivo, n io. rorv xctcrxrnrv, o on genvropg Opo.xng ro (flrovoUrouxo rtrng Kqr vnporo> uou nproupynoov 01 hooi eerf,cv u oureo evosoureo otrtrogoxougpnopooevo yivei

xuepvnKcu moreurg.Ilopcrf,rog ot KoroxrxS ilpog oergeerf,ovvo onoxo8rorouv xonoto KDpoS ro rng ro rAoE Koroxng, rov, npocrouizovrog ouppeunpov evepyct ro.f,,ng>, epowo rng <xporooog pog oTnvcxorporeiocvovuo ornv Avtiotqon. fro rov nouxopo n unopf,n uo xuepvnoeog nou <epyozowovyro ro xcrrou>, ev yrve ovurng nurn oS npos ro eurepooxog rou.Lcrxrorov. Or Enveg uou neOcrrvovKor urleeepov, ornv nerovrnroroDS,[prgpovoouv otov iro iottg Kol rnv oo8p rnv Nuepvnon rcov<<puyoov) vriororxn rov <upootov>. frcr ro yo our cpyorepo ro ovuorqotox xivnpcr ovoerf,erpiro xuepvnrrx oxnpo, Kor' opxos ex8prx npog ro o rrponyoupevo. Aur progeivcrr evcrLrerctYeveorepo I xeoooro.

33

. a::

t
.litl
i

,w ,$

touOEo clpovE,qnrn,qrercerH
roroprr<o. unoqriprou roxropo I lov'rcrou lcvcfllornFr"ou I

H KYB
6onqoov; ouronrvnoe rn Meycrn flo.pooxeun rou 1941.O oorrog neuq un ourn ln uoopeorn ef,rf,nxivnoe Lrgrornooiesyro tnv cupcyro on rou veou nptoOuuoupyou, tn Oon lou onoillporeulpor-oOnxov o uroupyg Arorxnoet-rg ou ouong Kovotawivog Korzros, o opxnyg tu.rv(Dr.eeu8cpuiv Oegrotoxng Dogo)\ng xor o ouorpclrosorpcrrnyg A6EovpoSMozapoxng-Arvrv, npnv opxnyg rou levrxo Enrrceiou.Kqpio on uS floponovo ilporooers ev xoroqepe vo reeotpopnoer.' oorrosouvexroernv ovoznrnO

covorgviro Sovoto rou Metof;,oouE 29 Icvouopiou rou 1941,o lerilpyrog B Lono0rnoc orn Beon rou vo pn norrrx upot,rno,ro rorxnrn rng EBvrxng Tponezog Eoog,A.Le[avpo Kopuzn. ELnv ouoio n roxeipron rou noepou xor rng cf,ouoiogyrvrov neov ou rov iro ro oorn ro pe rn Bon8cro rtlv Bperovr,rv. Seon rurv onoir,rvotn xtirpo eyrve neov xoBoproru<n.H Lxn rou vou nporBunoupyo nrov n xocepn.Aiev ycg eopocg pero, xuror qu ro Bopogrng KCrroppeuonEtou gernou Kcu rov qvuSocov nou

34

'

1.0 voap1og Af{ovpog $,,'

il:l:'

"ru
,,ei
&*
44i
_ # 1

onoiog 4:, oveupe

Ioxeopiou, o

$l

K...

rqg ovnnpdepog xuFepvnsnq Toouepo. 2. Mer 0voro ro {.. rouMero{6 rq i;l ruyeiproq rou ,$r' :lll no6pou :., oveo$ov o $rFedpyroq ol B'Kor Ayyor. Aepondpor rqqRAF porroypogf(ovror rqv xroond Axpdnon. B' 3.0 fetlpyrog neprorollr(6pevog on6 npiyxqno rov xol fldrpo rov npo0unoupy EUFovouri Toouepd oe rov en0etlp4o4 eqvrxtirv oTp0Tr0JTrKov

rpnpurtov mqv floururiv4 ro 1942

TIOYAEPOY PNHIH
on ouvorcbvros Bper xonorov cwnxctootcrtn. vo Yu rnv nieon rng yeplrovrKns eroongKot rov yeyovr ovcor' po Aroto o iouvenoxo,\.ouBov c,rv yrcr rnv rogrnv npcoOunoupyio vo rnv nopcroer euopvn,oug 21 Auprtriou, orov rponezirn Eppovor:n Toouep, pe ovunpepo rng rupvnongro vcrucrpxo Afcvpo XoxeMopiou. H enrxeipevn UeryKcrrooroonrng rupvnone ornv Kpnrn goiveror nos eixe olreon oxeon F rnv snroyn rou xoraypevoo ott ro PeSulrvo veou upuBunoupyou. llpoypcnrNa n nopouoicL Toouepoupcroe rou KoreuvoouKooro vnoi, uou orn nqLoro otrroov vuoorrr<qcrro8nporoeixe upoore8ei n opyn yrct rov onoNeroprng pepopxicrEKpnrng Kcrt rov H orpc[rrrnvrns ornv norexpevnreov Ecro. rpnnxn piognepioogrng vog xupvnong ev rng xoror on ro crpog vccts r<pornoe nou,xcrBg, ycppovrKns eni8eong, oug 23 Miou 1941,oorLrcrgxor xuepvnon enrrqornxqv Nor uor oe ornv Aiperovrx ovruopnrrxyro vo percrouv yurrro Kol on enei oro ovivo. )

35

H KygePNHIH T:oyTEPoY
4. 0 llovoyrtir4g Kovenouog, ovrmpdepoq xor unoupyrig Apuvog 14g erepqg e{dpror4g etr4vlxrig xupfpv4o4g. And roug Ayyouq eOeopeiro (0I|e[00pxoqD. 5. Korf14 perogop ond r4q ro Krpo oro /lovivo 4 xu$epv4o4 onoti104xe ond rovMovlorixrl
KotTl

0perepix4. Ariyro rouvo(rmxo nopetrOdvrog rqq r4vdorere N. <E!,protn> xu6prmon m4 Mero rnv ovoxpnon gn rnv Ecrqor npooArpprxri. Ir4 qolroyporpio rruKos Kcrro pl,og rng ruepvnong Toouepoe4 pero Operepix4 npene vo er<rrlrnBov vegooerg.Ernv ouoiq ro oe oeqro ge xuepvnrrx our oxnpo 8o ouoreooeevo.opr4g oro69 oo r<orpio uonrxn unpoxoro8nr<n nou 8o eixe r4g yrreprxtig po orn Eoon rng oneeuOpoong xpog ou rng veoofog rougvozi. H one.\.eu8epoon porozcpoE poxprvn
xor qorn oro.1941xqr ror ro opog eneoeorn edcoonrng erxvog rng oS oupou. To xuprrepo npl,ngo nrov o <exnlrorpcuopg> rng, n quopoKpuvon on ro or<oterv nope8v rng rxroropiog feolpyiou-Merof,o Kcrl rou xoSeortog rng Lnporrrg. An rn pro n To rculprxep npoffinrlps Kum*pvm{rrlqrnv o.nn ovunpotrxrnroouvolrio rng r<or on r$lq rng, ctEournv orrorYcnu6epounxsvr {K6n}isxpsw&rCIq} m ooov nooi unoornprr<rgrou roSeorcinogrou & xnq" &me$lsKptJw{yn T0 ,Kx&TOp*Ks {nr,& msN}nw Tmq Merof,o, onynoov oLnvongoon ovooxnpouopo

4ng Auyoorou. Tov Iovro rou 1941,eoxroreg pero rnv n1rpeg ovcxcirpnonqn ro envrr ogog, onperBnxe n uprn ouoroouxn perooLn orn ov8eon rng ruepvnong Toouepo.H nprn no.popovn tng t<upvnongornv Aiyuuro neuo on ug ouvexIrevegUeroKrvnoersrng oe roornpo evgpnvg, ou rnv A0nvo ornv Kpntn xor on er<ei ornv Aiyuuro, rooe orov Tooueprn uvqrrnrovo ecvef,erooer rn ouyxprnon mg. O rpnog uou eixe ouyxpornBei, rov Anpiro rou 1941,pe rnv uieon rng yeppovrrng onerng Kor ps rnv oyrovrcinnpoonoBerq rou qorl,r vo. per npoSunoupy, nrov npo-

rns, Ue rov neproprolrrov pev rng Kol Tnv ctrrofro UoKpuvon rtov ouvepyordv rou r<cr8eortog. vcr Urropeoerprogn r<upvnonvo loxuporrornoer rn Oon mg 8o npeuevo reupuverrn oon rng, epnourizovros rnv Ue vo npoono, uoq eK rov onoic,rvpioxovrov poo ornv Equ. H petoEoln oro Aovivo H oryunuoxn Er),oof,ovrrn xuepvnon ooxooe [reoerg ornv envxn xupvnon ror oro crorLrq vq onoponpuvBouv qu rnv Aiyuuro r<ur ev exrqv rn pvr1rnnopopovn roug exei. Eueuo on moerg rou Aovivou onoEooiornxe vq nctpcrpeivouv ornv Aiyuuro pvo o vcrucrpxos Xoxeqpiou, pozi Ue roDSuoupyousrrDvqov o otpottortxdlv uuoupyeicrtvcborevo peprlrvnoouv yro rn ouynprnon ef,prorolvtrvu.trov Auvopeov. flpoyporrxo, oug 15 Iouviou rou 1941 rpOtre ro

36

,,,1

il
6.0 ouvroypon ro po rou oorro orn petof,rxn nepioo r<trr r0pxnq on rov ef,oe.l.rop roug ou to nonrx npooKn- Xprmouog xor ef,orpemn Toryweg o vro nn yro npuro xpvo, ev erf,,ov orpornyq yro ouvepyooiqoc ourv rov nptilro xp- ffoq upoOulrio vo rng Koroxng. Xrnv nerovrnro roug xprvov tr Aextrepx rptipo nn ovopovn pxpr rn roexovon rov ef,e.trif,,e<ov enrOeopov rov n rourepn oroon. Eug opxg Iovouopiou tou rouE4vrxo Arilou m4 1942 tEnoe oro Korpo euroron rou Eturovo lepo M6o4 Avurotrf fovato, ouvopxnyo rou Kpporog OreeuBep<,rv, lpos rn perovrr<nxupvnon. H emoton ourn, pe op<prrrvo ro.treypevo lovoro, eixe eyr<prOei rou on exupoo[ous rou qouxo norur<oxopou (O. Xogoun, I.Ilonovpou, f. KoEowpn, II.

',i:]lj

H
<Apxnyeio BaotAtxo EAAnwxo Etparo Meong AvatonS) (ABEEMA) yro rn roixnon rou ouyKpornpevouErpcuoEnpng xor or uuoupyoi ouroi onextnoov ouyxexprlrvo. xq8nxovto. O oorng xor ro unornc pen rou uuoupyrxo oulrperorrvn8nxov atg27 Iouvioo orn Nuo ouiou AEprxn xor ou erei orn vo roug epo,ro ovivo. Ero ppo yro.ro vo roug npooprop qnqox8nxov on peprro evoxnrrr<oxuepvnrrr<o orexn, urogrov neprnro Mavroaxn nou xornf,e ornv Apyevrrvn n rn yuvoir<o rou rqxou Ilo]rou, rnv upryximooo Operepixn, leppovio ror npnv gtrogrng xu.\eprxng veol,oiog, n ouoiq ror <f,exoornKe) orn Nuo Agprxn. H ouvepyooio 1reug aouxt4 uo)\.rux6g ovperg ornv EMo |ro. vu uerxer rnv cr.l,oynnpoonou, n xupvnon Toouepoupeuevo ropopEoerUr oxeon ouvepyooios Ue rrg oouxg nonrxg uvolrerg ornv EIoo. Or reeuroieg,or <nooroi nol.urroD nog nn toug eyov,ooEg evoxnpvor o-

n Xro po6"ro ,&*viwo ${um{*pv$"}{vm Vrtr Speregxixn, m& cx-rsfrffisx6nKrnv mprvn<{mrs"mm pr*ffioq wems{eq rNpds*"NV xnq x,xmplxcmq

KoveJ\nouo, A. Mur,lv, I. Oeodxn, Mflpo, Il6rpo PLln, flepxn Pn nor I. Eogrovnouo). Eto xeilrev rng rovizovrcrv u o uo}mxg r<opogev ovayvprze rnv r<upvnonToouepo (oure tnv xoroxu<n rupvnon rou Toocrrnv ovriSeon rou nonrxo xoyou) xor ef,,Epoze r<opou[pos ro npoorno rou leopyiou, tov onoio yro ro rxroroprx ro8eordlg Beropooov uneOuvo rou Mercrf,o.Tqooovrqv eniong unp rou uoueuUorog rng oooieutng npoxporiog ovoEpovrog xopoKrnprouxo: <At oxtlretg Kai aJ npoSoe4 trov e eivat va eyxaraotaBei pta Kupvno ef, r,tv uov xoltltarav, ptg apxioouv ano*o- )

37

H KySTPNHTH TroyrEPoY
7.0 lt'tfw4q Toryvreg ro poDvta ta otparcpata xaroxng, n onoia 0a xnxor pfn rnv Anpoxpaav>t.2 Ero iro nvepo, xor reeurofo xorogyrd xt*rpigt<o1rioovo<popo ovrioroon evov[o oroug rou yro mqvori KoroKrrues,oug 30 Mopriou tov 1942,nourxoi nIlorqoiov (8) yreg ou rnv Eoouneyporyovpovrqrorouou 86
rqoorov uup rng ooroongorxoulrevrxngxupvnong gero rnv o.neeuBepcDon, nl,c'tvqv u ro znrnpo rns eurorpoEng oorroBo reOeirte ornv rou xpion tou l.qo ro npoEnEioporog,xo8g xor u ro xpporo auto ev 8n ornprzov rn povopxio. To upc,xxoop<,rg ev ro uuyporyov ro KKE xor o lL Kovenouog. or o 8erov oorKor x roug oxon rov ovuoroorox cryotvcr, qvLi0eoe on pe rous nopo.uovonourxognyreg.' Eulrperoxn rou KoveMnouou ornv xuprmon Toorfepo Tnv ovorf,n LoD7942 xupvnon Toouepo n eixe rnv uprn ooopn entuxio rng oro uo:xvir rov evtunriroeolv. An rnv Eoo eEBaoe,rov Aupito rou 1942,atn Mon Avqron o flovoyrrng Kcveuouog,evo.gau roug nov onpovur<og vougnomxog rng xpo.g.Or roupoyporeoerg yro rnv eioo rou ornv xuepvnon nrnv ovropeg xo.r r<ornf,,ov, oug 3 Mniou, ornv ovonryn ou

ffitxv. Kmveffiffimounoq x*p6,s'r!1v &*v &ifl|{yxsryurvr"l Kpexmwcfuw, xcc}v 0[ &r"{Q*or xmw &cei:epmwmv ump&sffiln*cx xwpmx&mete 6xxx,s

pepoDgrou rns ovuupoepiog rng xupvnons Kclr oug 7 Iouviou rou unoupyeiou E8vrxng Apuvog. rng Axooo8noqv onpovuxg ef,eifi,erg oug Evoneg uvolrerg. Tov Iovro nproupynOnxe n nprilrn Envrrn Tof,,rapxio ornv ueproxn rng Meong Avorong, pe rorxnrn ro ouwoylrcrropxn flezrxou flquoovio Korodlto xor euueo.pxnrov Anlmtpro ro, evri rov enpevo pnvo nproupyn8nxe r<orn eurepnrof,,ropxio,pe rorxnrn ro ouvroyporopxn flezrxo Al\xrrn Mnouppo. Tov Ayouoro npoorOnre oug noponovcr povoeg xor o Iepg xog, pe upooourx nou npoepxrqv ou ueovozovreg of,rolporrrog xor rorr<nrn ro ouvroypcrropxn llezrxo Xprorouo Torywe. Eug o.pxg rou Xenreppiou n npdtrn rof,ropxio evtcrx8nxe otnv Bn Bpetavrxn Erporro nou proxrov cvrrUeronn Ueug uvolrergrou P1rel,orn ypolrpn rou E Ao1rrv. To xooxcripLroD L942yrveeniong upoouo8ero vo opyovro8ei qvuorooro.K rivnpcr ornv E),oo. ouveepevo rnv rupvnon. O nyrng rou ey1re xerpnporog, roygoro.pxng Iowng Toryweg, ove-

rruf,,e onpovuxn pnon, otr"Lqev ef,ooEcrroe m ouvepyooio rov nqqrv uo}urr<v uvolre<'rv no.r oxor8nxe rov Iovouoprorou 1943. Or ro.ErrlviegKoveMnou.Lou To expproroD1942or perovrxegKor opeprxovrxg (crpyrepo rqr ooreuKg)ro.eoroerg xor eyyunoersyro rnv ovef,oprnoioxor rnv eoErxn or<eporrnro Aoving nporoeoov xueprng vnrrxn xpion nro vrovn o.u ourgnou ouvnOog H ToouepoEeopooeu f,,ouoyov. r<upvnon ro e8vmo Oeporo onoreooqv ro ooqroeorepo roarnpro yro rnv enovoo ornv ASnvq xqr uioreue u ruxv ovuppnoerg 8o xolrnrowcrv ov ornv emorpoEn rpepve e8vrr<nupoixo eaErxoxporg n yro rn xpo. Or oulrlroxrxgroeoroerg 0eopn0nxe u onouvapovov rn rexixnon rng BperogHueipou, n onoio, pero r<orrn ovrolrn xcunqrn rng ou rov e..nvrx orpor orov nepo rou'40, nrov ornv up<innoerporov ovrocrylrorr,rv yrq rn oulrlreroxn rng nou rexrxouoe n E.."\qo orov ue1ro. xol o Toouepg rolroprupnBnAv xe, o Kovenouog Bepnoe u n ovripoon rou

3B

uov ev nrov euopxng. Mozi pe roug utpunoupyog uo}elnxrilv uuoupyeic'rvKol rnv nyeoic rou orporou uueinoov vo. nopotnOouv. flopono, o Kove.L.\uouog eOerero znrnpo rng rexir<nonsrov oexqvnoov Kctr rng Kupou, yeyovg rrou rrpoKqeoe opnxovio oro @pelv OErS (Foreign Office). Eueuq ou perovrxegureoerg,o Kovenouog onogooroe vo peroei oro Aovivo (eixe yrcr nponyn8ei on euioxerpnrou ro E8rvuropo) vo pe8ei pro ouproonxn on. To ouoreopo nrov vo oueu8ver o Kovenouog on ro BBC UnvDUorpos rov e.'Lnvrr c, oug 21 Iovouopiou rou 1943,uou euu<vrpovernv npoooxn rou oro noLuerox-xuepvnrrr<upLnpo pero rnv oneeu8eporon El.cog, oEnvovrcrgoro neprOpro rng ug e8vrxegrexrxnoerg.'flo.po ro oulrroop o Kovenouog xproe rnv eUrlloroovn rcov ev Bperovv or onoior rov 8epnoov uuepol,rxn ropoxouor ororxeio. H qvuuoOerq qurn rou rouoe vo opyrepo, xoOgor Bperovoi ouvexrocrv crvqznrov oov nourx yro vo nynSei rng xuepvnrrrng enovou ornv Eqo. O Kove.Lnoulog e-

rou uovn..8e Korpo oug 15 Oepouopiou 1943, oro oo n nouoio rou cril rn Mon Avoro.Ln peKor .Levo ouvuaorei pe o.Legef,e.}'ifi,etg vct rpoxo.A,oer Lexo rnv uopoitnon rou. Topox64 orov e.LnvrK otpot mg Mong Avorotrng Korq rn ropxero.rng onouoiog rou Kovenouoro Aovivo onlrerOnr<e ou yro ocrpovro n1rpeg oroug xnoug Tov o e..nvrrv tof,rrpxrv orporroux xivnpo-oroon. Agoppn rou r<rvnpcuog ruv n ouolroxpuvon rou ouvroYuctropxn leopyiou Xoznoroupn oII rov Kove.Lnou]o,onEoon roD rpoxo.treoernv ovripoon oreexvxur oH nnv rou orporegcuog. otio eorq tov Krvnpororv ourciv ev nrqv n ouolror<puvon evg of,roporrxo. Meoo oro otpcneupneixnv nproupynOei roqopeg ouyxpornpveg uourxg noporof,erg. <4ouyouounvh> An rn Uro, n crurocrlor<oopevn Or xor on mv on n cvu(pcrorour<n. orpcurrilreg eixov opxioer vo ovogryvowol otnv uouu<n rcrrrqoio Kol vcl nonrxooyov unp rng prog n rng oLnS uoporof,ng, pe ouoreopo vo nlnoupyou- )

9.0 ouvroy;rorfp14g Ilouooviog Koro6roq, rorxnr{g 1qq ilq To[mpXiuq

39

10.Ynoi0prog exx4oroolrrig lpoorprg. Yunpxov eniong opyovoerg nou vror Etivov rn8uvov xur Korn8uvqv ppog tr,rv orporrorv, rproEAMrxrirvnro xopoKrnprouKesrov <EAAnvrc AneAeuUe mpononxdv oe 1epaux Eveopo> (EAE), npooxeilrevo oro pperovrxri EAM oe ,u oEopouoerougoronog rou, tn <<Naumporneorcpyauxn Evaon>, tnv <Avrtrpaotortxn Etparrtouyxfvrpoo4guxn Opyavroonr (AXO), tnv <AvurpaolouKn ornM6on Opyavr'ton Naortxoo> (AON), rrl <AvrtqaotouAvorof xn Opyavaon Aeponopiag> (AOA) r<or uoeg
oeg.u H xupvncrn oro Krpo Or orpcmouxg ef,eif,ergorc prrono rou uopou -pero rnv euuuxn qnoon orn pero AEprxn xor rnv unoxpnon tou P1reJt- oo r<ur n eoprropcvn nolrtrxn orlrogorpo r<orn xpion ortg e}nvrxeg Evoneguvolrerg onynoov ornv queoon yro peronivnon rou aollo leorpyiou ror rng xupvnong Toouepooro Knrpo, oto peoo Mopriou rou 1943.To Opeiv OErgeixe xoronf,,er ooro oupnpoolrou uoegon ug <envrxeg vrrlpoieg> ornv Aiyuuto ogei},ovrov ornv ouoroTo on rrou xriprze rnv xuepvnon on ro ppevcr.u yeyovro oug uo envrxegtof,,ropxieg nporoeoov ef,,ooucvcroxnporrolr mg xuepvnong, pe

ro roprop npo8eu,rv npoxpotu<v unoupyv Kor rnv ncrpoirnon rou Kqve}nou}ou, tou ouoiou rn Seon ovoeo lepyrog Potlooog. Avriotorxo, xor rotv o tof,,ropo rorxnrng rou Erlou, n<og xrv, crvur<oroorq8nxov.O voopxog Eoxectpiou ou ro vocrpxoAl\eEavpn, ev or rorxntg rc,tv o rof,,ropxriv qvuxqrooro0nKcv yrct evo pnvo ou Bperovog.

ero rnv xpion o Toouepgorroeooroe vo enroxver rnv npooeyyron Ue trg tng notrxg uvolrcrg oto eorrrteprx xpcrg. flnpe trornv tnv uporoouicr vo xo.A,oer ootrxg nonmguvoug vcronooreiouv ornv Aiyunro rprpe.\n erupoIrerg rn yro rooueoers rnv xupvnon. Or oxeUe urg rooueoergouvexiornKov Uexpr rov Iovro, onre or oouKeg notrr<g uvolrerg our<pouocrv rnv ro ouoorong ovunpootoueiog,ev ro KKE npooxpnor Kcu euionpo ornv reo tou nporynEiolrotos ylo rov optop tng popEng tou Uerouo.Lelur<ou uoueporog. EuqKolou8noov rov Ioro rou 1943 vegroprng erepng tof,ropxio.g, enerxg oroug r<noug oro.nou onynoov oe ouorcrouxn rouon tng c'tg srle Tmvcrrorm 1943 r AM $ixs$mn&mK pcxrlrng povoog, evriroxooOnoovexxoOopioerg uorg. Eug 4 rnq K6MC*)\rrKrlq Auyoorou, xcno tn ouvepioon rou DrloupYrKou K, nou upo8eocv vees evrooergoug &euxepello\rra nspovopoTn monrclxnq o np{*}Tsycr}\n#Tr1 oulrou.Liou, or or uuoupyoi qneinoov v rrctCe$nq ouoroouK potnOov, Serovrog ro znrnlrcr xr pvo tov Evoo.A.<r rov percrvrxv [opelrKol uov uvolre<og

40

11.HAvrrgooronx{ 0pyvoor1 Nourxo 14 ouve;1roe r4q p6o4 xor per r4v xorooro{ rou rrvfporog. 0r tivpeq rou ovrropnrrxo "flivoqu yropr(ouv r4v Ilporopoyr rou pe 1944 megovr nouypfqerEAM(opXeio EAAI EArA)

ooe<,rv ornv crrrKorvovio rng xupvnons Ue rnv xorexpevnEqo. Ero pero.f,, gcog por rou nonrr<ono.rxvrror ou eixcrv evruuororoxq oof,er. Tnv ovorf,n rou 1943,oug uergr<or ornv ncu0po rng xorexpeqrorvpcvo vng Eoog ovrrorcrorox ro unpc pio. euovoorouxn, expnxuxn tpoun. Meoo oe iyeg ptgeo1roeg opyovoersrns Avtioroong, ro or E0vrx AneeuBeponrxMrrono xupir,rg, peronBnxcv on eurepeuovTo nopovoUcrorn KorTnS vovrxng xor uol,urxng zorngoe ouorooux rrporoyolvrorn roug. To xnoxoipr rou 1943egor ernoers rou rpSovovou rnv El,oo ornv ef,prorn ruepvnon Kor roug BperovogeKovcrv }yo yr' ournv rnv evrunoorqxn e6r[n. HrcrvnpoEovgur oo eixov oxercroreioro nope8v ev ioxuov nov.Xperozrovpio przrxo vo noruxn. H uieon yrvrov o<ppntnto xooxoipr, xo8g or yevrr<repeg orporx,nrrE ef,eif,erg rvqv rnv evruaron tr n one),eu8eproon ELIo.og puorng pooevo oqrei qn rn pio orrypn ornv on. To Mo.roor oulrlroxmg uvolrerg orxpouoov ornv Tuvnoiq rnv rseurqio yeppovoirorr<n orporro otnv Arppmn. Tov Ioro ro oulrlroxrro orporeporo onorqzowcl orn Erxeio xo.r n nron rou tpoorouxo xo8eotrixogtou Mouoolivr Eorvrov xovrrepo nopo nore. Kovevo.g ev puopouoe vo [poeqer ng 8o ovupooe n feppovicr oto xev nou nlnoupyouoe n cruvopio rou oorxo Eupr,tnoiou eroipou rng. Ooro oevopronrqv urSovq. fro rnv xuepvnon Toouepoourgor ef,eifergon-

Uorvov nporoouieg ro.r vrovn poornprrnro. Enporvov euiong Kor rnv opxn rou rougmg.
'HMEIO'EI' 1. fI. KotrrfloDou klown, Ilawpaaon-txtaropiafi^poE. 1935-1941. pttovtxg nopoyovroE oLnv O EActa, Brronoeio rng <Eotiog>, ABnvo,1985, oo.293297,Kov{zrdf. Koto, EAag. O nepog Kai n f,a rng. Ioroptxv xpovoypa(pnpa 74 Maiou 7940-22Anpi^io 1941,Wrr];rxoon, ABnvo, 1947, aa.405-412. 2. lovoro Xrurovo,ABnvo, OxtprcS 1941,oro Toouepo I. Eppovoun, Iotoptx Apxeio 1941-1944, rUoS nprog, EKoergOurpoxn, ASnvo 1990,o. 262. II. sniong Sargent Sir Orme npog E. Toouep, 15 lovoDopioD1942, oro Toouepo I. Eppovoun-L, Ioroptx Apxeio 7947-7944, rpog npcbrog, Exoerg @utpoxn, ABnvo, 1990,aa.259-260, Papastratis Procopis, .n., aa. 27-28. 3. fI. Koverouou llovoyrrn, Ioroptxa oKipn, ABnvo, 1975, aa.219-221, Kovei.nouou flovoyrrn, 7a xpvn rcu peyaou nopou, 1939-1944, xoon 2n, ABnvo. 1964. oo. 195-208. 4. II. Kqvenouou llovoyrrn, HpepoAyto, .n., aa. 247-322, Kovei..trnoulou llovoyrrn, Ioroptxa oxipta, A8nvo, 1975,aa. 23I-232, Kove.trnouou Ilovoyrm, ?o xpwa rca peyaAou no).pou, .n., aa.2L8-2L9. 5. NeEeon Booin, H EBvnn Avrioraon oLn Man Avaton, rpog nprog, Exoerg Oepro,ABnvo, 1981, c a.7'J.,73-74. 6. fro rrs perovrxeg Beoergne: <Xuvomrxn ex8eorg rng ouvoluliog rou YnoDpVo rov Eforeprxtirv M. Bperoviog x. A. Hvrev Uero rou llpoBunoupyo x. E. I. Toouepo oqrnoproropvou xor tou Movipou llpoer,rg r<. O. Ayviou>, 1n Mopriou 1943, oro Toouepo I. Epgovoun, Ioroptx Apxeio 1947-7944, rpog erepog,Exoerg urpoxn, A8nvo,1990, oo.588-592. I

4L

H EAAHNIKH IIorureM
yepeq 3. Tperq perdr4v eiooo Snxoynonrou envrroorpororng Aoviag. rtov feppovtv H xivnon ev nrov oEengnoi.urxo. Or orpcrnyoi m4v A0t{vo eixqv o onpovuro yro roDs leppovoug upoo0 yvoordgroug vro. flprov, nrav rorxnrgevgorporo nou eixe on14 vrxnoer r<orronervoerrous ftoougxor rogex roouvO4xotiy4o[ go rnov onigovo vo orroKorcrornoouv rou uor errowtorptirrlyog xprveig Eeppegoxoergpe rous rel.euroioug.Hrov | eopYloq ootpg oxpn u npoon}sov oro rpouzr rov rqI00^0KoY^0unpoyporeoeorv rnv upoooxio vo ovayvt-rpi-' lre ^opKlolnKe oouv [nv nrro ou rougfeppovog, oqnvovragroug rous r"po rpooov roug hrov ' yro vo. qvqoouvrnv njcoroou.io Kol rnv eu8vn rng ouvonr<oynong, or iror orpornyoi npOov oe pn[,n pe ro floo.u, n.Lon 1rerous Bperovog Kor rous ef,oprnpvoug on ourognotrxog rrou rous oxotro8noqv omv ef,opio. H ropn nl,on nou nverf,eourog roug r<r<oug nrov oro prpo rov leppovrirv, roo rous Ue roug Bperovogoo xor oug rorov ne1r oopponieg nou rolropgrirvovrov oro nqioro rou Afovn. flpoyporrxo., or leppovoi, crgo xor.Loqv rnv AEnvo oug 27 Anpll.iou, f,er<ivnoovopocog roug rxaoieg yro oxnponop vog e.Lnvxng xupvnong. H reeuroio oxnporiornxe xor opxiornxe oug 30 Anpriou, prg rperg n1rpegopyrepo. Ilpo8unoupyg opiornxe o nvuorpornyog lepyrog Too.l,xoy)\ou, npnv rorxnrng rou Tpnporog Erporro.g urrxng Moxeoving, non rns Ueyourepngpovoog rou orporo rng Aoviog, o o'

ornv oon vrr<n1rvou. rou To eu-:lt-9:19:!19! trooug qoon TnqKupepvnon!

Xxomfrcimro 4mq,&uYousrou re*v xnq n rnq unnpx p|Kprx pY6vebs{&}\rAl{po6efrrmq $J{e Spucemprs frfrmvcsv ?6n vq,errdlv smne

uoiog xor nnpe xupiog rnv nponoouiorng ouv8ruro}ynong. Yuoupyg Eor,rreprxrirvyrve o ovuorpornyogAelrottxog, upnv rorxnrngrou A'Xporog Erporou. To uuoupyeio E8vrxng Alruvo.gove.troeo unoorpornyogl. Mnxog, npdnv rorxnrng rou B'Eporog Erporo, ev o uuoorparnyog Kctorpntpog qv.Lqero uuoupyeio Epyooio.gxor leopyiog. O Koro4rnrpog ornv opxn rou no1rou rng A.Lovio.geixe rorpr8ei orgrorr<nrngrng Bng Mepopxiog nou upooourzero prono rng Hueipou, 8on nou rornpnoe Kor orn ouvxero. O unoorpornyog Mpxou qv.l,oe ro xpiorlro unoupyeio AoEoleiag, o uuoorpornyog Moutoong ro urroupyeio Xuyxorvr,rvrv, Xrnpoppr,rv r<o.rTTT, o n.Loiopxog Ilorronouog ro Dnoupyeio NnuuLicrg. Og ouputrnpcopo ornv xuepvnon ourn, rou epolcrzeneproorepo ge levrx Eune.l,eio, qvo-

ov unoupyeio peprxoi Un orporrouroi. O Awcilvrog rrepotog ro Arxoroovng xor Ayopovopiog, o Nrxoog Aoopng, xoopnropog mg Oeoloyrxng )xong, ro floreiog, o yeppovErlog Kcrvorovrivog oyoSetnou.trog, r<oSnynrng yuvorxo.Lyos, ro Yyrervng r<qrKorvovrxng llpvorog xo.r o fI. Xcrzrlr*-trng ro unoupyeio Orxovoprnv xor E8vrxng Orrovopiog. ryo opyrepo, nepinou og g npoorexnpor.lno rov uurxv o ulrqepvro-rv. 8nr<eornv xupvnon o EorfiBrog fkotzolrrmg, opxrxo unoupygOrr<ovolnr<v Kqr vo xpvo gero uuepunoupyg(Eurouropou, Epyooio.g,leopyiog x.u.). Ilol,oi of,r<olrouxoi noroicDoqv vo xuro 8oergrou Kporrepvnrrr oxnpo oe rorxnrrr<g xo pnxovropou. Tnv rro.irepo xpio4rn 8on rou emxegong rc,rvEl,nvrxv EroparorvAoEo.Leiog -rou onoreooov neov rn uovorxn vou.,n -

44

Kelo rov yeyovrov rou ^eKeppiou 1944.Miq on eurepeouoo eputroxn nrov n onern nopoirnons rov Un orpcruc)TrKcilv uuoupyriv oe uepiuroon torxng xoroxng, qnern uou uonoinoe pvo o oopng. To <e8vrx> znrnparo o zntnporq quooxnocv rnv rupvnon Toooxoyou oroug upcilrous Unves rng Koroxhg. To npro on quro nrov ro znrnpo rng pBluong rng oyopog erv up<ilrngovoyxng Kor n orrogDyn rns e[roruornng rpiong. Do youguou ovo.\ovrol ovo.Lunxrepo ol,o, or xuepvnrrxg uvorrnreg orov ropo. our unnpf,,ov uepropropveg r<orro quoreopcno nevrxpo. To etepo,oro onoio eurxvrprooeo Tooor<oyou poornprrnrn ro rou enrrKovrSno.ponovo rxorooynoer rnv ouvolrio rou oro upro, nrov n rornpnon rng eotpmng or<eporrnrog xpog. rng Ero neio our uunpxov o erv onerg.H nprn ogopooe ug norr<g npoSoerg roD orreeuqv xr pvo orn oruroxn npoooprnon ornv hol,io neproxv o}xLnpov, nrogro vnoro rou Ioviou n n Eopog,o.Loxor ornv epUeonupoooprnon neproxv,eire n poou rng <MeyongAqvio.g>-n ouoio Aqvio. Sulrizoulre ovnxe oro norx orppo.on rnv enoxn rng orpouconxngrng xoronqrng oug 7 Anpr),iou 1939- eire ro poou mg nproupyiog ourvopr,tvueproxv pe npoxnlro on8rvgn Eowoouxeg perovrnreg rng xpog. H evrovn ovoxivnon tou Bo"xrr<o znrnporog, you

4. 0 tipr,log rov opovrxrirv pouvtirv unoorpr4yog Kororp{rpog, nou xo16qIe unoupydq r4g rrp6TnS xoro;lrxlig xupdpvqo4g. 5.0 v0ponog rov lrodrv xor Aov rov ootoytxtirv xupepv{oeolv Ior{prog fxor(opdv4g

H noffi uxs{pm*itq&$ivn Kimpvmx*Kn npryr1&x6 Tnld eKp{x,TnTCr x&psE Tnq v*&

ar{f?ffi' ffimf,&ffiN S*:*wNffioyNs&iseJ xe xsu

voUn Kqro ou ug xuepvnrrxg evrog'- ovel,qe o uuoorpornyog If. Ermr,rtnou.trog. H owiftnon rou pxternoxnou XpoovSou Ern rqrxooio rns opK(DUooiog vog nueprng vnong onperBnxe pio. onpopevn epnoxn. O opxreuior<onog rng ASnvog, o Xpoov0og, o [crorgpnrpouoirng Tpo.nezovrog, opvnSnr<eva oprioer pio xupvnon n onoio tpere n1nrn oupyio rng ornv unoooon rns xpog. H o.pvnon aurn npoxo.eoepio. oxeuxn ovaro.poxn, n onoio pog f,enepoorme ypnyopo p rnv ovuxorooroon rou XpoovSou on ro peyoo rou ovtinuo ornv erxnoroouxn repopxio, rov Aolrooxnv. O re.l,euroiog,ro ul,ov nol,urx nporono ovopeoo orougrepopxeg,enpr<etovo ropolrorioer r<evrprx poorn ropr<ero Koroxng r<orvo oveei g rng Kol oro qvroro of,irolro rou ovuoorc orn ro.p-

xo.pn, on ug npreg nUepegrng Koroxng, nrov ppog ourng rng nolrr<ng.H erepn,nrov n ouLyoprrn Eoofi,io vcr orroKorcrornoer pvo rnv xr f,oo oro Aryoio, noyro crirnpo rng ouyoprxng nol,urxng, u.LIo Kor rn rexixnon pouoe euprepeg ueproxg mg envrrng Moxeovio.g. H oulyoprxn zvn r<oroxng,nou opxrr<o leprtropove tn Oporn ror prxp rpnpo rng ovororr<ng quoreooe Mor<eoviog, eEornproylo eupurepes emrf,erg. er<orporeio H cnpe).nvropo z<ivng rng peycegroorooerg. ourng nnpe o1roog Ern Beon rou yevrr<ororxnrn Mo.xeoviog rouo8ern0nxe ox1rn vog onpcvurg of,,rolpormg rou orporo rng Anviog, o ouvroyporopxng AEcvorogXpuooxou, npnv apxnygrou Enneeiou rou Tpnporog Erpouog uuxng Mor<eoviog,ev oe .Leg euoioSnregvolropxieg ronoSern8nnov ug )

45

H EAAHNIKH florureN

6. 0 npdlroq xorolrxg uvolura upoono. To znrnpo rou ov rcoEohoe qurn rnv eotprxnoxenpo0unoupytig oe riuoro n poornprrnrcr fetlpylog porrnro rng xpog 0o pnopooe vq croreoeroTootfxoyou vuxeipevo peyong ouznrnong. Erc oocrpoouro or4vKpfr4' znrnporo n ouoroouxn ef,ouoio ovnxe oug uvoouvoeupevog pergKoroxng Kor yro rnv onpiero n popgn xor ro onfeppovog ouvoporng xoro ou ro zuy rou Af,ovo El,oogeoqloF0TlKouq f,apuvrcv olreoo.ou ug oxoergperof,,urov Uev rou nprou. H ovri8eon rou lepgcvou ennerpolrpevou orn xpo, rou uovioxupou Atevlrnoupyx, rpos us uohxg Etl,oof,ieg,rou Krvveuov vo nluoupynoouv eorieg crvotopoxngoro Boxovrcr, nrov ior,lgo rro onUovuxg nopoyovrog ou' ,u or uoreg upoouo8eregrng r<uepvnong Toooxoyou. llop' ' ourc, n rouroEnprzpevn xuepvnrrxn npoonoBeroyro rnv o.xepo.rrnro rng xdpog ouoreoe,eeiEeroou nro ouorouxo eurxerpnporog,ro oloBr rou r,roroyropo Kol rns ouvepyooiogge rov Af,ovc. flopompnOnxe uo}rrxn xor reo.Loyrro Ecrnqn ro no.pof,evo vpevo vo upootpperorouvepyooio xo.r reuxuvon orous KcrroKrnresrng uarpiog oro vo1roo.xprg rou ucuprouopo. Onr,lonnore unnpxov evorn eifi,erg nonrr<ng oxrzoqrpeverog oroon ourn.

H SeoUrxn (voFruoilornorr)) H voprlrrnro rng

ffi

xupvnong ouvepyooiog nrqv vo znrnpo nou crrooxoo r<or noe roo rous oDyxpovoDg Ern oyrrn rng eyxaBiroug peroyev6orepous. puong rng onoze ro emxeipnpo rou xevo ef,ouoiog. H uponyopevn xupvnon nlon, exeivn nou eixe ropioer o ovrorog qpxov o lepyrog, pozi reEuye oro ef,,rrneprr< pe rov reeuroio, o.<1nvovros uior,r rng vu nnpeg nuepvnrrx xqr 0eolux xev. To xev our puopooe <vpr1ro>vo xoronEBei on ov0pnoDgrlou. rogopxnyoi rou orporoDoe pio epnlepn xpo, eixqv onoonuore ouf,npvn euBvn.H evron xor ornprf,,nrov (vre rng (poKro) roxupv rng xpog, Tov KcrToKrruv yro nl.on, xprvrov emupo8ero 8e1rero rnv roxu rng vecg ef,ouoiog. H onouoio ovrarou opxovros Kor exnpoolr,rv rou 0voug -exeypevr,rv n pn- f,,enepoornr<e <volnxo) Ue rnv ovor<npuf,nrng <Envrxngfloneiog>, evgpoptpporog nou ro unoupyrx oqroro pnopooe vc volroSerei xcrr vo ooxei er<reeouxqr<oSnxovro tourxpovo. Ko.r ev nrcrv iyor or vpor r<orro roroyporo rIoD eKBnxov oro rproluor xpvro rng Koroxng. Meprxo vpoq Vto rnv cryrrymxmRffincrm meptepnp,sq quro, o nepitpnlrog vpog yro rnv o(prmmx po.roroououorcer ro flro yvuror xot ypogrx ex*6offimxe xp&lfis rmq Ksxsxmq w"Ts ooxnon g$eq nopoerypo, rornpnSnxov oxev g ug pepeg {bq Sxcrmpm&ml< ryx&s\r xqgi{*pq pog, onyvrog uo}ireg oro rnoornpro noo xpvro peur rnv uron Kol rnv r<oroinnrou rooro-

46

,..

,:. i

7. Hrpopepf enromrmrx{ xpio4 roulerp6vo 1941-42 egepe rqvn{p4 ovunotr4rlio rqg xuppvr1oqg. 8.0 npol0unoupyrig r4qerep4g xupepv4orlg toottryov xo0qy4r{g 14g lorprxr{g l1or{g
Ktrtv.

Aoyo0erdnouog, oepro exftoo4 Tnq feplovrKfq I1orig A04vriv

yropo. H orpoon e .L.,r,rv ouoEooeov rng xoroxrxng ef,ouoio.goroeixBnr<.eqvorn orn ouvexero.. Or ovoyxoouxg onol,orproerg, yro uopoerypo, nou uponyn8nKcff rns roroor<eungrotv geyor,lv epyov rng xoroxrrng ueprou,ev nruv uvor vo.qvo.xn8ov n vo 8e<rrpn8ov ouSoipereg Kor Un yevpeveg. llovro oe re-olrnpo xropr,ro rorogpopEng oroorprcboerg E.,..nvrr, p8nxe poo oe oureg*xorooxeuoornre ro oepoppro rou ELnvrrou, epyo rng Koroppog rou, nou ef,,uunprnoe xng oro peyo.Lrepo rnv uporeouoo pxpr ro reeuroic xpvro. Kor our nruv pvo vo qu ro. spyo mS neprou. oov aEopo rnv euprepn ouooxn rng ruepvnong Toooxoyou, ouvnSo4 l.o1rovoupc og noyro eopvo rnv ovuro.LnEio ornv ouoio neprnBe pero rnv rpolrepn emourouxn xpion rou xerlrvo 194l-7942.Eug rpreg eo1roeg Koroxng ro rng rpoyparo ev Eoivovrov pe rov iro rp[o. H veooxnporroSeioo xupvnon r<orqxornxe crn <ouyxopnrnpro Lneypognlroro>on xo8e ueupo, cu uveulrorrxog, 0pnoxeuuxog Kol orKovoUlKouSroyous rng xpog. lloo ou ouro eixqv roxupn on errxpiverog.Me oorr enrxeipnpo u n xpo ev pnopooe vo. peiver x<'tpigxupvnon orrs oroeg exeiveg peg, o Tootrroyou

eueiclfe vo onorrnoet qv xr rnv ovorxrn ornprfn xor rn oupperoxn, rouoxrorov rnv ovoxn n tnv <eulrevn ouereprnro>rou uooro nonrro r<opou. nvovros ilpos egug r<oreu8voerg u ro nol,or EooxoSeorgrng oorrxngrrroroping eixe nop8er,o orpornyg-uproOuuoupyg r<ove ovoiyporq rrpog roug uo.].orog nonrrog. Eneno on noegnpooourxg eungegxor r<onoreS rrro edonlreg ouoxryerg,ucogourn oug 7 Moiou, pe exupooriruous rov noorv ropporr'rv *oixriv xol @r}e.LeBepov* Toooxoyou ef,,oo oEoroern oronnl,n eoro ouvoiveon roug,crnguye non xo.0e exnrrronovorxrng ovuunpo8eong Ue rnv r<uepvnon rou. llqvrog, ro xpro xopoxrnproux rng oroong rr.rv uo.Lorv no}urxv nrov n ovolrovn ror n o.npo"f,,io uprv exn}o8ov oprouxo or uvorrnreg K{rr or upoonuxg rng vcrg xorooroong. H Moxn rng Kpnrng, ro upro crvrittorvq rov r<cnorrnrv rqr n xnn xuepvnrrr<n ouvolrio oro.eorrneprxoznrnlroro, rorornoov roug ro}urxog oxpn neproorepo npooeKuKous. Omovoprxg xor noJ[uxg rolrdxeg H eocoreprr<n ertoupyio. rng uprng r<cnoxrrng xupvnong xnOe oo nopa nurcr xor opon n- )

To cepcpo3**o &fiffir:v,Keu xoal nxsv *pyo TmqKg{oxnrq vre x!"t\r xmr KcTmtrKeim r6u smmnffioxplei:&mK erloKnmpo x{&}pt&

47

H EAAHNIKH flozuren
rou 9. l'lop6oo4 pouyoprxo orporo or4v xorelpevq 36v04

rov. Ero eorrneprxrng exnvovrov or uo.Lurreg oo.xor ouovoUrKesovuSeoergperof, rc,rvuo eroipr'rv rou Af,ovo, rov leppovv Kcrrrov ftov, r<a8gxo.r, upooeuuxo.,rov enrxerpnlrcruvxor epyootov uou ouveqv ro oupEpovro roug pe rn pio n rnv o.nueupo. Or ouyr<pooerg noov xo8rig ro. oupqrpovronoov peyoo. Or or<npeg orKovoprKegpoornprrnreg rrou exuopeovrov on rnv uopouoio orn xpo nov er<oc,rv xrroorvf,,vorv orporrorriv -rpoEoooio, npopn8ereg, eyxoroorooerg r<.n.- oupunpBnxov qu ro ocrpS onpovuxov cpyov orporroruKou n f,exivnpo no}nrxou xopoxrnpn, rrou,oe peyooo8p, xpnpcuoorouoe eLnvrxn xupvnon xqr exre.Loun oov ELnveg epyooorn unepyoo.or. pepin Tn rou eovrog oe ourq eixov or leppcrvoi, ev n uorxn cryovio yrq rov ef,oeroproug on rnv olprog xpog ornv ouoiq oxovolurn expero..euon oxoouv rnv <nponoxo8epio exEpozrnvpe rnv eur8euxrnro rou <ov8pnou rous ornv xupvnon), roD lr<orzolravn. Or eooxeprxeg rpg Kol n rrorDxio eniuong roD erlolrouxo onynoov ypnyopo rnv xuepvnon Tootro.xoy.Lou unpn ovunomyio. Or evrooe grng, ro. roroyporo xor or vpor TnSecrppozo-

vrov oovo Kcll frro oxoo, nopo rn ouvrxn orporoynon veov xorpoEuloKov Kr rn pozrr<n xpnorlrouoinon of, ropcurxdrv oe rorxnrrxeg 8oerg (yro vcrupoox8ei ro xuepvnrrx epyo>.H nopopovn rng ornv ef,ouoio yro. oxeuxo. poxp xpovu< rcrornpo oEerrov ueproorepo ornv ouvopio rov KctroKrruv vo.pouv ovuroroorores rov orpornyv -oe rpuo ore vo orroKorooroBeiro xuepvnrrr< xpog xor vo rornpnBov rcrurxpovo or evoof,ovrxgrooppouieg.Mvo n upolooo ef,oreupog ornv uopeio rou nooBvnon rng no.An<ng .Lepoueuerpeqe rnv ovrrKcncroroonrng uprng ourng xuepvnons Ue rnv crvriororxn rou Aoyo0eruou.Lou oug 2 exeppiourou 1942.H rerxn pr^lg <oroSepouoinon) rou xuepvnrrxo ouornporog ouvepyooiognp8e peprxoSUnves opyrepo. rov Aupiro rou 1943, Ue rnv ovonqn rng upt^l8unoupyiog qu rov Iown P-ti,n.
'HMEIOXH 1. An rov noor envrx orpor rornpn8nxe gvo to Toypo rciv Euzrivr,rv rng Avoxroprxns Opoupos roD elxe Kor cxcr g onpcpo to orpotne rou orn yovio rou EBvrxo Knfiou. H rornpnon ourng rng orporrorrxhg uovoos eixe guorxo xoSopo oqrohx xopoxtnpo, oo Kor. Koto xonoro rpno, ouvrnpooc BroUrKo rnv nopf,n envrr<oorporo xor og ex rorou e}nvrxng xporrxng unotcrong xcrr ef,ouoicrg.fro ro yo our or Itooi nrov ovriSeror orn rornpnon rou. Af,izer vo onlreroBei u ro roypo our onoreoeopyrepo, eni xuepvnoeog Po^^n, rov nupnvo, rn oon rrovo ornv onoio otnpixBnr<e n . ovcuruf,n rov Toyporr,rv Aotpoeiog. fro ro -Lyo our to re-treuroicrunpov rn Uopen Kor tov tittro tt:v Euzvov. I

ffir srycn:xeprre*q cpnm$*q *Tsrxlxuxiffi erxiffiusxnq Kffir x&&J rx rx'c K&3 mvrxs'*xw Kw pvm' 6 $r {vxx m& xr}\{ r${* r'} Yer*ffimxcmyffime,l npm ffivtxnemm&$**m rye rxfr

Arannru.Hl E.flzaNrar N.,

To xotog mg orotxettitot4 ouvmpnoeotg xatd mv Katomiv, A0nvo 1945

ABnvq 1946

KapNaxur N.,
Ot ooioyot mg xatowig, Eyxpovn Enoxn, ABnvo 1981

RicHrpR H.e., H Imo-Teppawxn enifleon evawiov mg EMdog, ex. Ir<oorn, ABnvo1998

Konronoynor r.r.,
IIa wp&a on, txratopia, nAepog 1935-1941, petawxg O nalnyowag ornv EMaq Exoergrng <Eoriog>,ASnvo 1985 KOTZIA' K.f., EMdg. O nAepog xat n Ea mg. Iotoptxv q)ovoyln$,npa, 14 Maiou 194G22Anpiou 7947,8n xoon, ABnvo 1947

XnoppHrr.,
Mpeg A'(1 Tevdpn 1tM1-31 Aex$tpn 7944),Ixapog, ABnvo r977

Arrnlonoynor a.,
<Tq 0ver0rng EIoog upos rnv feppovio Kor rnv lroia>, NCa Otxovopia, (1964),o. 407-4t4

Troylppor p.r.,
Imopu Apxeio 7947-79t14, r1tog 1og,Exoerg@urpcrxn, A8nvq 1990

faNrepnr x.,
<H exour<npcrornprrnrct ornv xoroxn>, Ent0eripnon Trvng, rx. (Moprng-Anpirog 1962),a. B7-BB 322-335

Olairnp x.,
Er6ppa xar Ed.oaxa. H EMaa mg Karcnig xat mg Awioraong 7941-791M,rp., ex. Ilcruoznong, 2 A0nvo 1989/1995

flronovnor a,..
Iaopia mg Karcnig,4 A0nvq 1949 tpr..

fror:zavlNHl

E.,

KoyuovlrHE Nr., Euveg mg leppavo rynropevng EMdog, Aef,clpera 1942

Onairnp x.-MnooyI4AN r.,

enp., H EAdfu om exaeda 1940-1950. Eva frvog oe xpion, BrroypogrxS OnVS, Oepro, A0nvq 1984

Katoxtxv dvetov xat andvat xarcnig, Oeoooovixn 1954

Maeronoynor e.,
Exveg mg Katonig, Mernn, A8nvq 1980

Apprrnnr n.e.,
AptSpoi xos xeflrcva tav e{6av xarcnig xat n afioog mg E^^dog, ABnvo 1964

p., Mrnrune
HpepoAyto xat papmpieg rco noA1tou xat mg xaroxig Oelrro, A0nvo 1982

Xpnrrrlru x.,
Xlnvta Katonig 1941194U. Maprupieg npe,poAoyiou, ABnvq r97l

ZeloNeirrar x.,
To xpovtx mg oxatdg, A0nvo x.x.

Npoo,toylHr 8.,
H EAwKn Awiomon om Meon Avaton, tpog 1, trxoerE Oepero,ABnvq 1981

UtapaNur r.1.,
Nroxoupwa xarcnig mg yeppawxng npnaydvag, Koorovr<irng,ASnvo 1980

OnoleiprlHl x.,
O xe4tvag rcu 1941-19412. Xpovtx tng xatotnig, Kepog, A8nvo 1980

NrroynaNol n.N.,
BoAyapo4 s7 o tltoog;)repot av0pano4 ot aonovtepot exOpi pag, Aef,,ovpercr 1944

HoNoRos.r.r-.,
Occupation and Resistance. The Greek Agony, 79477944,P eIIa, No.Ypxn 1983

KnNBnnonoYAoE rr..
Ta xpvta rcu peydAou noA1too, 7939^7944, er<oon2n, ASnvo 1964, Iotoptxd oxipn, A8nvq 1975

Xyorss.c..
The Economy and Finances of Greece under Occupation, Greek Government Office of Information. No Ypxn 1944

Kapexanrol N., Nxr;q mg

oflloapvng A1nvag,

RoorNusp.,
The Fight in Greece, Aovivo 1943

feppovoi o{roponxoi nivouv xoqen ro nou roug npaqepov or (opxeq" ltopto, evdg xorf rqvveu ovrrmoeog npocoorl flpoq Touq rnv pero A0fvo r4v xorppeuo4perdnou rou

Eniloyf elxovoypogrxo ufuro-rexp4pitrlorl: ITJAPOMHAIFKOI APT,

49

Ayanma alotoptxa> L <)rnv reeuroio ocA io tov 'iloroprxv" -rou to3ozc,r <povonxo- rng 14ngAuyouorou, unopxcr emoron rou f. . Mnoupxo, nou ornpizeror oe erBeon rrpogro unoupyeioEootteprxv ronorou reppnvo Tooppnorzyou pe npepolrnvio 27.3.7904. "repO pnvog" ourgypoper, ueno on ncproeieg rou orn uuxn Mureovio, u o el,nvropg ev unorn xolrio znpio oo exet xot t.rqreero rnv enovooroon on rou Irvrev ro 1903.Tr oEtrero, qpo u xor n noponoinon rng Iotopiog. O unontog yro ro tproBouyoplKo otrou oBnlroro "reppnveog" oyvnoc u ro 1902o xonerov Krog pozi rov oo(povo Boyy,n noepooe rous KoUrrorzneg.Ayvnoc oxpn rnv xotoorpoqrn tou e.Lnvrrou Kpouoou ro 1903, rou xr,rproNeyxoovn, rn oEoyn rcovE.Lnvov oro lpciepnpr Kor o),.Lo olUoroo1rpvoneprorouro rou 1903.EmxeEong nrov o roruos Xopoooe, nou rooooe n "Moreovio" npnervo eu nroTpeqelotn povo Bou.\yopio. Auto yro rnv qeun xOeon rou "repUnvo" fiovo ornv onoio o r<. Mnopxog ornpizer rnv efirnpnpoLotroyio rou Kor ouvexizeryro rnv ovripoon orov "Avupoxeovrx" oyvo Korrorov Envr,iv oyolvrorv, nou pooov ro 1904 Ue rflrxerpongrov floLo Meo, rov MozopoKn, rov Aypo x.o. Ovopozerourous rous oyr,ivrotg r<otooroesKol rous Kolrrlorzneg euyeveignou nocpouv yro Ulo "outvopn" Moxcovio nog xor rnv "ourvopn" ovororxn Poulrovio. H ovtipoon tc,lvEnvov ferivnoe ernroug enionpo pe emreEong ro UruponolJrn leppov Kopooyy},n, Ur rov uror4lg,svo Iovcr poyopn ror, rog,pe rnv rofio8rnon rou opnpou Kopopno oS yevrKoDnpof,vouorn Oeooo.LoviKn To 1904, neto urt errrtuxn Bnreio og npof,vou orn Orrrtrtourto^n. To verpo rov xolrtorznr,rv yro pro ouyopun Moxeolro ouvrprprnxov rre on ro ei,nvu<o oUoro, o), ovo3rvouv Kclr enovo-opovovLot ox1rn xor fipoeoro. Eror or Boutryopopoxeveg ropnoov rov envrx orpor ro 194849, noipvovrog pcog unoxeon rou Zoxopnn yro oDTvoUo goxconx xporog. Aev npner oKUn vo f,exvope rn ouyoprxn xotoxn 1942-1944 nou, nioo on

roug leppovoS, roiKnoov tnv Avoroilpe r<nMoxeovio pe pioog, ge x,iypog, onoyxovtopoDs Kor ooovrornpro yro roug ELnveg nou ev nBeov vo oi,trof,onrornoouv(...). Or Eromovoi oEovroov rous Envegrou Movootnpiou, otro xor of,rvouv rpo enrorpoqn neprouorv ourv nou roUnoov rov e.LnvrKorpor. OSnre n ovoxn, ro xoieporo r<oror poneovftrxor xopoi yro npooroprop oiyt.rv qnqolv gog, oxpn Kor orrs noTrS oueurlKg eroyS; Tr xovouv or r<uepvnUorrKS oelg UoSyro rn oKomovn ror ouyoprKn flpofloyovo; Ang Uorpozouv ro xpnporo rng E.E. xopis ovupooelg oTo oo oupoivouv onpepo orn O,prvo, otnv Eeooo r{or oe oproUevoxt-rprorng envrr<ngMoxeoviog. Mnnog rrpsfier vo f,ovoyewnBouv or Moreovopoxor pog;> Euxopror, Irdwng En. Kanpo.Log Itn rn nl[et<g$gy[

ypoUporo npooreere r<or rtoroBeere roBe Eopo.frori ourro ypopUo; Boeer KorroroDg Betrere ef,uunpernoenou vo re,tpo, nouro MoxeovrK orxer ort xot novero Xxnroyro ovoyvpron t,rs"MoKeovio", yr,r ovoyvprong rng ono n 2/3 rov pevrou OHE; Enein n Eoo ev onoirnoernv egoplroyn evropeong oupgurviog oqnoe xol ro UroS xpvovo xu}noereror;> Eupog Kop&ilvng

ANANTH'H Etp' oov eiore Drp mS peyUvngoopozr oos, rviog yro oougrorpt-rvouv re oe oBog enpepio oneu0veo8e. Ooo yro Toov nUoorcuoulrc noroypoppo Betroo1re, voUizoupe u ev xperozeI0I o[ovlnon,..

lru rov PooKtvaKn <Ef,orpeuxou evroqepowog elvol ofios novro- ro roroprKo oou (r(prepouoro. Xe oxon Ue ro o(prpoUoou yro rnv orKoyveroPoor<ovoxn ou rn Xio, 0o nBco vo rpooOeotl oproUevooyvooto ororxei, nou eixvouv tr n nou1reng r<orroionxopn outn orxoyvcro. cxrg rou xpnporog, eixe Kor o,egevroEpouocs Kor noTpluTrKFS poornprtnreg. O ef, ourtiv O.E. Pooxovoxng.nou zooe otn Mqooo.Lio, ornprf,e yro Korrolo xpvro orKovoUrr<o roreio oro roDprnv KoKporouprvoru1rrerxo, on ro rog (ior,rg vropitepo)og ro 1893, 1890 xor rog tou BovoLourou, onoorovrog ernoiurg emxopnynon 100 xpuov oBo1rovlKv rpv. Or npoyepovregrou Arulroreixou.rtou eflrrteDovro oxoeio rng nl,ng, petovpooov pol,roro upog rrlrnv rou, ro 1890, rnv AoKn Xxo}n oe Pooxovoxero Aouxn Exon Aruporeixou. O ing euepyrngoe Uro emoron rou ovs(pepexopoxrnprouro: "flowore Uer' evIoeepov flnpoeopoDpor nepi rng ros npoou rr,rvpo8nrv, rtr n euolorg rou oKorro rou oxo.treiou eivol UnUo upooEregrou iou pou, r,roorotg iov e evrotpepopor novrore uTrep rns rorvrnrSoog". Ag eivor orr,rvio n pvnpn rou (proyevoS olpg O.E. Pooxovor<n>. flawelng Erep. A8avoordng

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<apo ornov. oupa er,,lvoUCr-ovcloyvtirorn oos K. fepyro Anp. Mnoupxo ("Ioroprxo", rcx. 198,14 Auyouotou 2003), o Iloog Meogror or oulrnoeprorg ev nrov rinoro norou ponvo or xoroon-.roeg flou eprrroov rous "Moreveg" vo rpoouv ro rx roug ovefioprruo Kporog! Kor no ornpizer oUISo efoxog "noprrng", r<. Mnoupxog, rn yv1rn rou; Xrnv ovBeLnvrxn rou npor<oromyn ror rnv r<Beon evg reppnvo rng rntipouxng unnpeoiog! O ouoiog.exLgrou u nrov n re-.euroio rpfio rou zoupva (orn rnr'rUoIIKn urrnpeoio) Kor nou rourxpovo olrEo.Loupe yro rn oBro uol,mr<n rou yvdlon KoI rnv roLoprxn rou xoroptron. ev f,epouperor u ptro norze.Kor onUepo xoupsrtoroug,u.x. Ae[ Pvrog. O x. Mnoupxos ev exer orouoer rinoro yro rov Iovo Apoyoulrn n yro TouS eyl<DpoDS El,nveg uoi,urr<og,ruiolroreg Kor IovoouUsvoDg rng eloxns, o8eig yvoreg rng roropiogKor rt'rv noruxov rrpoyporov rng BoKovrKng. Mvo ro reppnvo Tzoppnorzyou f,per xor pvo ouro n yvtirpn Uerpol! A. pc. peypevn oovio flou oog rrpcflcr KOI OrOV OVOYVOOTn KOr OeOOS, OOS OU emyereour ro ypopporo vo npooere! ru urtoBro u noiovete notro