UMTS RAN Dimensioning Guidelines

Nokia Equipment
Version 1.5

T-Mobile FSC RAN Engineering and Dimensioning Group

UMTS RAN Dimensioning Guidelines Nokia

Document Name: UMTS Dimensioning Guidelines for Nokia Equipment Revision History: Revision History Change Description First issued full version Nokia Flexi Additional guidelines on Flexi included dimensioning Additional: Adds summary of formulas, includes Section 6 the Nokia counters Edit Section 2 Remove details on Ultrasites, and 3 change Iub configuration figures Updated Updated based on inputs from version A.Lemow Y.Zhang, RAN Dim Group Counters Revised the Counter lists Changes

Version 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5

Date 05/26/04 06/16/06 06/27/06 10/26/06 11/28/06 12/22/06

Done by: G. Jacinto G. Jacinto G. Jacinto G. Jacinto G. Jacinto J.Javier

Scope: This document presents the dimensioning process for Nokia UMTS Radio Access Network specifically the Node B Channel Elements, Iub interface and RNC. The dimensioning rules in this document are intended for establishing a new or overlay UMTS network, considerations on network quality and performance can be inputted on future versions when considerable amount of traffic and statistics are already available. For this version, Nokia RAS05.1 capacity limitations were used for the dimensioning exercises but roadmaps for future RAN releases were also mentioned. Purpose: The purpose of this document is to provide the fundamental knowledge in dimensioning a Nokia UMTS Radio Access Network. This intends to support the engineers involved in planning and dimensioning of UMTS RAN by providing detailed guidelines and computations of network requirements.

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Table of Contents 1. 2. Introduction.............................................................................................................................4 Nokia Product Description .........................................................................................................5 2.1.1 Node B ........................................................................................................................5 2.1.2 Description of Flexi WCDMA BTS Units ......................................................................5 2.1.3 Flexi WCDMA BTS Capacity .......................................................................................6 2.1 RNC ................................................................................................................................8 2.2.1 Description of RNC units ...........................................................................................8 2.2.2 RNC Capacity ..................................................................................................................9 Channel Element Dimensioning ............................................................................................... 10 3.1 Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS System Module (FSM) ................................................................ 10 Iub Dimensioning ................................................................................................................... 12 4.1 User Plane Iub Bandwidth .............................................................................................. 13 4.2 Control Plane Iub Bandwidth .......................................................................................... 14 RNC Dimensioning ................................................................................................................. 17 Iu Interface Dimensioning ...................................................................................................... 20 6.1 Iu-CS Interface .............................................................................................................. 20 6.2 Iu-PS Interface .............................................................................................................. 21 Summary of Formulas and Counters ........................................................................................ 22 7.1 Channel Element Dimensioning Formulas ........................................................................ 22 7.2 Iub Dimensioning Formulas ............................................................................................ 22 7.3 RNC Dimensioning Formulas ........................................................................................... 22 7.4 Nokia Counters .............................................................................................................. 23 7.5 Partial Results of Capacity Tests in Bellingham ................................................................. 30

3 4 5 6 7

List of Tables Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table 1 RF Module Types 2 Transmission Sub module Types 3 Flexi WCDMA BTS Capacity 4 Flexi Configurations 5 Maximum RNC Capacity per Release 6 Number of CEs needed for different services 7 Flexi BTS CE dimensioning example 8 Nokia Iub VC Requirements 9 Iub User Plane Dimensioning Assumptions 10 Iub Dimensioning example 11 Nokia RAS05 RNC Capacity 12 Nokia RNC HSDPA Capacity 13 RNC Dimensioning example 14 Nokia RNC Counters on RAB Setup 15 Nokia RNC Counters on Congestion

List of Figures Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Flexi WCDMA BTS units Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS Nokia RNC units Nokia Iub Configuration Iub Configuration example Iu-CS Configuration example Iu-PS Configuration example 3

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1. Introduction This document presents the dimensioning guidelines for the Node B channel elements, Iub interface and the Radio Network Controller for Nokia equipments. The dimensioning process is the initial phase of planning where the estimate requirements for network elements count and configuration are calculated based on the inputted values. The accuracy of the dimensioning output would primarily depends on the inputs and assumptions used in the process, thus network element counts and configurations based on the traffic and subscriber forecast might differ with the actual need when the network is in on operating phase. Nonetheless this document will provide the necessary knowledge to dimension the Nokia UMTS RAN. Node B dimensioning should involve not only the channel element capacity, but also the BTS power and carrier because most of the times the channel element capacity of node B cannot be maximized due to power and carrier limitations brought by high UL interference. But this document focuses only with the channel element capacity, the BTS power and carrier capacity which affects the RF design will be handled by the RF Planning group. Section 2 provides the description of the Node B and RNC units and the equipment capacity. It is important to understand the hardware units and its functions and how they can affect the dimensioning process. The capacity tables included in this section are taken from Nokia documents and roadmaps, and are used on the dimensioning guidelines for Channel Element and RNC in Section 3 and 5 respectively. Section 3 deals with the dimensioning guidelines for Channel elements. This includes the required inputs and assumptions, dimensioning process and a sample calculation. Some of the assumptions and considerations can vary depending on the network performance and future service requirements. Section 4 is concerned with the Iub interface dimensioning; this illustrates a detailed calculation of the user plane and control plane bandwidths and the allocation of VCs needed in Nokia Iub. Finally, Section 5 deals with the RNC dimensioning process which includes three main considerations, the throughput, BTS and cell count and AAL2 connectivity. Other factors that might limit the RNC capacity such as the interfaces and VP in traffic shaping feature were also included in the dimensioning exercise. The protocol and ATM overheads used in these dimensioning guidelines were based on Nokias recommendations and 3GPP specifications. The detailed computations of these overheads were not included in this document but can be issued separately.

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2. Nokia Product Description This section provides the description of hardware units of Node B and RNC, and also the equipment capacity. 2.1.1 Node B

The Node B implements the WCDMA radio path and performs layer 1 functions such as channel coding, interleaving, rate adaptation and spreading. There is a wide selection of Nokia Node B in terms of application, processing capacity and power output. One distinct characteristic of Nokia Node B is its pooled processing capacity, the channel elements are being pooled to all the sectors and contains both the uplink and downlink resources and control channels. T-Mobile will deploy a modular Node B type called Flexi WCDMA BTS. The Flexi BTS can easily be installed in various locations due to its small structure and modular design, it also does not require specific BTS cabinet. 2.1.2 Description of Flexi WCDMA BTS Units

The figure 1 below shows the Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS units, divided into the following main parts: the RF module, Baseband unit, Transmission and Control units.

RF Unit Baseband Unit Transmission Control

RF Module

Flexi System Module

Figure 1. Flexi WCDMA BTS units RF Module The RF module is a stand-alone fully operational transceiver module with integrated antenna filters. The RF Module is able to support one or two sectors in a WCDMA base station. It hosts the RF functionality and provides control and power supply to the Flexi Antenna line. The following are the different types of RF module: BTS Type Flexi Cabinet FCOA or FCIA (optional) Max Unit /cabinet 8 8 RF Module Type RF Module - FRIA RF Module - FRIB # of PA/Type 2 1 Max output Power/PA (W) 40 40

Table 1. RF Module types Although the RF module is capable of 40W output power, it will be initially deployed with 20 W license only but can eventually be upgraded to 40W by software license.
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Flexi System Module The Flexi System Module hosts the telecom control, system operation and maintenance, baseband application, transmission, and power distribution functionality. The System Module can also act as a second system module operating in a baseband extension mode. The System Module provides the BTS external interfaces towards the RNC and other external devices. The System Module is the overall BTS control, system clock generator unit, network termination point of the BTS, and WCDMA baseband processing unit. Transmission Sub Module The transmission sub module, contained within the Flexi System Module, provides the physical Iub interface to the RNC. It is also one possible source of synchronization for the Node B. The following are the available transmission sub modules type: Transmission SubModules FTPB FTIA IMA groups supported 4 2 Transmission links per IMA group 8 T1 links 4 T1 links

Table 2. Transmission Sub Module types 2.1.3 Flexi WCDMA BTS Capacity

Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS has basically the same architecture as the other Node B types, but its hardware is more compact and modular. The Flexi BTS contains its baseband and transmission functionality in one module known as Flexi System Module. This makes it advantageous it terms of site acquisition, installation and operational costs. The Flexi BTS capacity is dictated by four factors: the number of carriers, baseband processing capacity, the output power and number of interface transmission units. If any of these four factors meet its maximum capacity limits, a new Node B or traffic off-loading to adjacent Node Bs is required to support the UMTS traffic. A Flexi BTS has a micro BTS dimensions with typical macro Node B functionality. It has WCDMA and HSDPA functionality and can support up to 12 carriers, 6 sectors and have 20 or 40 watts output power. Nokia Flexi BTS is designed based on modular Open Base Station Architecture supporting multiple radio technologies. The introduction of new radio part can be done by adding a new module.

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Figure 2. Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS

Configurations FSMB FSMB + FSMB

No. of Channel Elements (RAS05.1) 192 384

No. of Channel No. of Carriers Elements (RAS06) 240 6 480 12 Table 3. Flexi BTS Capacity

No. of Sectors 3 6

Each FSM module have three sub-modules, each call must be handled only by one sub-module. If the capacity of the used sub-module is not enough, the call can be transfer to the other entity with enough capacity. The following are the available configurations for Flexi BTS and the corresponding RAN SW Release needed to support the configuration.

Node B Config Power Output (W) RF Module Type 2+2 20 FRIA 1+1+1 Feederless 20 or 40 3 FRIB 2+2+2 20 FRIA + FRIB 2+2+2 Feederless 20 3 FRIB 2+2+2 40 3 FRIA 1+1+1+1 40 2 FRIA 3+3+3 40 3 FRIA 4+4+4 20 3 FRIA Uneven config 3 FRIA 1+1+1+1+1+1 20 or 40 3 FRIA 2+2+2+2+2+2 20 3 FRIA Table 4 Flexi Configurations

RAN Release RAS05.1 CD RAS05.1 RAS05.1 CD RAS05.1 CD RAS06 RAS06 RAS06 RAS06 RAS06 RAS06 RAS06

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2.1

RNC

The Radio Network Controller controls and manages the radio access network and radio channels. Nokia RNC has a modular software and hardware structure that provides flexibility in adding up the processing capacity, power and interfaces. 2.2.1 Description of RNC units

The different units of Nokia RNC are shown in Figure 3. The main cabinet have all the necessary functional plug-ins to provide the necessary RNC functions, the extension cabinet with four subracks indicates additional four capacity steps to support expansion.

RNC 300

RNC 150

RNC 450

Figure 3. RNC units SFU - Switching Fabric Unit provides a part of the ATM cell switching function. It provides redundancy, full accessibility and is non-blocking at the ATM connection level. NIU - Network Interface Unit connects network elements to transmission systems. It can be NIS or NIP. A2SU - AAL Type 2 Switching Unit performs minipacket switching of AAL Type 2 common part sublayer packets between external interfaces and Signal Processing Units. RRMU - Radio Resource Management Unit performs the central radio resource management and call management related tasks of the RNC.

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RSMU - Resource and Switch Management Unit performs the RNC's central resource management tasks, such as connection control, ATM resource scheduling and digital signal processing related resource management tasks. It also performs cell connection related functions according to request received from signaling computer units. MXU - Multiplexer Unit multiplexes traffic from tributary units to the ATM switching fabric. The MXU also includes a part of ATM layer processing functions, such as policing, statistics, O&M, buffer management, and scheduling. NEMU - Network Element Management Unit is responsible for RNC element management tasks. It provides an interface to the higher level network management functions and to local user interface functions. OMU - Operation and Maintenance Unit maintains the radio network configuration and recovery. It also contains basic system maintenance functions and serves as an interface between the RNC and the Network Element Management Unit. TBU - Timing and Hardware Management Bus Unit is responsible for the network element synchronization, timing signal distribution, and message transfer functions in the hardware management system. ICSU - Interface Control and Signaling unit performs RNC functions, that are highly dependent on the signaling to other network elements, and handles the distributed radio resource management related tasks of the RNC. GTPU GPRS Tunneling Protocol Unit performs RNC related functions towards the serving GPRS support node. DMCU - Data and Macro Diversity Combining Unit performs RNC related user and control plane functions. 2.2.2 RNC Capacity As illustrated in Figure 3, Nokia RNC450 has 3 capacity steps. Each configuration has a corresponding capacity limit in terms of throughput, Node B and cell counts, and AAL2 connections. With the smallest configuration, only the first RNC cabinet is needed. The maximum configuration requires two cabinets with full configured plug-in unit amount. The table below shows the maximum capacity of Nokia RNC for RAS05.1 and RAS06 software release. Release RAS 05.1 RAS 06 RNC Throughput (Mbps) 450 1000 Number of BTS No of HSDPA No of HSDPA activated activated BTSs cells 512 1152 512 1152 768 1728 768 1728 Table 5. Maximum RNC Capacity per Release Number of cells AAL2 Connectivity (Mbps) 3594 3594 HSDPA traffic (Mbps) 450 1000

In RAS 05.1, the throughput increases to 450 Mbps as compared to previous SW releases due to new RNC hardware. The maximum number of BTSs that can be connected also increases but the number of cells supported remains with 1152. The RAS 06, also known as RNC1000, can provide up to 1 Gbps throughput and 768 BTS connections.

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3 3.1

Channel Element Dimensioning Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS System Module (FSM)

This section provides the guidelines for dimensioning the Flexi BTS Channel Elements and System Module. The Flexi BTS System Module comes up with two types, the FSMA and FSMB. FSMB will be used for the deployment. One FSMB has three sub modules, each with 80 CEs, which provides an FSMB entity with 240 CEs. Up to 2 FSMB can be cascaded which can provide a capacity of 480 Channel Elements. But for RAS05.1, the Flexi SW architecture which is based on Ultrasites limit the SW capacity to 64 CEs per sub module thus the CE capacity is 192 for one module (64 CEs for each sub module) and 384 CEs for 2 FSMB. The software optimization required to increase the capacity of FSMB to its maximum hardware capacity will be available in RAS06. Note that the channel elements are pooled among the modules, but each call must be handled only by one sub-module. If the resources are not enough, a call can be moved to other available sub-modules with enough capacity. The number of channel elements and modules per Node B would depend on the traffic mix, the number of control channels and the HSDPA requirements. Refer to Table 4 for the number of channel elements needed for each service. Note that the Number of CEs needed for Control Channels will increase from 16 to 26 CEs in RAS06. Services PS: 8 kbps, 16 kbps CS: 12.2 kbps AMR PS: 32 kbps PS: 64kbps, 128 kbps (including ADCH) CS: 64 kbps PS: 256 kbps PS: 384 kbps (including ADCH) HSDPA scheduler reserved blocks for 5 codes (UL and DL) HSDPA UL SRB: 3.4 kbps Control Channels CEs Required 1 2 4 8 16 32 1 16

Table 6. Number of CEs needed for different services In Nokia Node B, the channel elements are asymmetrically allocated, which means that the CEs are allocated separately in uplink and downlink. Thus the CE requirements for the Node B must be computed separately for UL and DL using the individual service bit rates, and consider which among the UL and DL CE requirements is higher. For HSDPA, aside from the 32 CEs reserved for HS-DSCH downlink traffic, the corresponding A-DCH (Associated DCH) on uplink and SRB (Signaling Radio Bearer) on downlink must be considered. For UL A-DCH the channel elements needed is based on the bearer rate, while for DL SRB only one CE is used in each connection. In RAS05.1 the number of HSDPA users can be increased up to 16 users per cell but this would also require additional CEs to support it. For 16 HSDPA users per Node B, 32 CEs are required and for 16 HSDPA users per cell, 32*3=96 CEs are needed. Inputs Required: - number of subscribers per Node B and - Traffic usage per subscriber per application: AMR, CS64, PS64, PS128, PS384, PS512 UL/DL
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Or Traffic usage per application

Assumptions: - Soft Handover Overhead (SHO) = 30% Dimensioning Process: 1. Compute separately for UL and DL CE Requirements - Determine the total traffic per application per Node B. - Based on Table 4, compute the number of CEs required per application (R99 CE). - Compute CEs needed by A-DCH based on HSDPA bearer rate for UL and 1 CE on each connection for DL. - Add the CEs required for R99 and HSDPA A-DCH 2. 3. 4. Compute for the Soft Handover CE Requirement by multiplying the above result by SHO. Add the CEs for HSDPA scheduler reserved block Add the CEs needed for control channels.

5. Sum up the CEs required for R99 and A-DCH, SHO, HSDPA scheduler and control channels to get the total required CEs for UL and DL. 6. Compare the DL and UL CE requirements; use the higher value to compute the number of FSMB modules required: 1 FSMB = 192 CEs (RAS05.1) Example: Node B with 3 sectors, FSMB modules BH Traffic mix: 12 x AMR, 3 x CS64, 5 x 64/128 PS, 2 x 64/384 PS, 2 x 384/HSPDA SHO = 30% Max 16 HSDPA users per BTS Compute for the DL and UL CE Requirements Services 12.2 kbps AMR CS 64 kbps PS 64/128 kbps PS 64/384 kbps 384 A-DCH HSDPA UL CE Requirement DL CE Requirement 12*1 = 12 12*1 = 12 3*4 = 12 3*4 = 12 5*4 = 20 5*4 = 20 2*4 = 8 2*16 = 32 2*16 = 32 2*1 = 2 84 78 84*0.3= 26 78*0.3 = 24 32 32 16 16 158 150 =158/192 = 0.82 = 1 FSMB module Table 7. Flexi BTS CE dimensioning example

Number of users 12 3 5 2 2 R99 and ADCH Reqt SHO Requirements HSDPA scheduler Control Channels Total CEs Required FSMB Required

For Multi RAB configurations where an MS can have 2 or more simultaneous services, the CEs needed to support such is still the sum of the CEs for each service. For example, an MS having AMR + 3 PS64 would require 1+3*4=15 CEs.

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Iub Dimensioning

The Iub interface is the ATM connection between the Node B and RNC. Each ATM connection, which is also called as CoCo (Connection Configuration) in Nokia, is defined as ATM VP (Virtual Path) that is consists of several VCs (Virtual Channels). These VCs define the Iub bandwidth requirements and are composed of the control plane and user plane links. The figure below shows the VC configuration in Nokia Iub.

VC1 USER PLANE

Flexi BTS

VC2 AAL2 SIGNALING VC3 DNBAP VC4 CNBAP VC4 O&M

AXC (AXCC, AXCD, AXUA)

RNC

Iub

Figure 4. Nokia Iub Configuration Virtual Channel (VC) User Plane AAL2 Signalling DNBAP CNBAP O&M Number of VCs Required 1 VC = 248 AAL2 connections 1 per Node B 1 per Node B 1 per Node B 1 per Node B QoS CBR CBR CBR CBR UBR

Table 8. Nokia Iub Virtual Channel Requirement The required Iub bandwidth then is the sum of the user planes, control planes: AAL2 Signaling, DNBAP, CNBAP and O&M. The user plane VCs are used for the transport of the following channels: CCCH (Common Control Channel), DCCH (Dedicated Control Channel) and DTCH (Dedicated Traffic Channel). The AAL2 Signaling is used for setup and release of AAL2 connections inside the user plane VCs. The DNBAP (Dedicated Node B Application Part) handles all the signaling after the radio link setup procedure which includes the Radio Link measurement reports, deletion commands, reconfiguration messages and soft handover related commands. The CNBAP (Common Node B Application Part) defines the signaling procedure across the common signaling link such as establishing radio links and various broadcast information and indication messages. O&M (Operation and Maintenance) defines all the logical BTS O&M such as fault and configuration management.
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4.1

User Plane Iub Bandwidth

The Iub traffic requirement must be computed for each service and consider the applicable protocol overheads and dimensioning factors. Services 12.2 kbps AMR CS 64 kbps PS 64 kbps PS 128 kbps PS 384 kbps HSDPA Activity Factor 67% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Table 9. Protocol/ATM Overhead 30% 55% 30% 25% 30% 28% 30% 25% 30% 23% 21 43% Iub User Plane Dimensioning Assumptions SHO Percentage Throughput Factor

26.5% 26.5% 26.5% 26.5%

The activity factor indicates the percent of time the bandwidth allocated in each service is being used. In voice for example, the AMR user usually talks and sends information 50 67% of the entire holding time. The SHO factor is the additional resources consumed by soft handover. No soft handover for HSDPA as of RAS05. The protocol overhead includes the following: RLC overhead for PS, FP, AAL2 overhead and ATM cell overhead. The RLC (Radio Link Control) protocol is for segmentation, reassemble and retransmission of data, RLC overhead is usually 5%. FP (Frame Protocol) overhead depends on the bit rate, and varies from 3-19%. AAL2 overhead is 3 bytes per packet + 1 byte per ATM cell. ATM cell overhead is 10.4%, 5 bytes for each 53 bytes ATM cell. The throughput factor, also known as L1 adaptation factor, indicates the overhead needed to achieve the full rate in the air interface and Iub not limiting the rates achievable. Inputs Required: - number of subscribers per Node B and - Traffic usage per subscriber per application: AMR, CS64, PS64, PS128, PS384, PS512 Or - Traffic usage per application Dimensioning Process: 1. Compute for the bandwidth requirement for each service based on the following procedures: For voice, 12.2 kbps AMR: 1. Get the total voice traffic in Erlangs. 2. Using Erlang B @ 2% GoS, compute the number of traffic channels. 3. Multiply the number of traffic channels by the bit rate (12.2 kbps), SHO factor (1+SHO) and activity factor. 4. Multiply by the protocol overhead for voice to get the total Iub traffic for voice. Iub dimensioning for CS64: 1. Get the total CS64 traffic in Erlangs. 2. Using Erlang B @ 2% GoS, compute the number of traffic channels. 3. Multiply the number of traffic channels by the bit rate (64 kbps), SHO factor (1+SHO) and activity factor. 4. Multiply by the protocol overhead for CS64 to get the total Iub traffic for CS64. Iub dimensioning for Packet Switched data: 1. Get the total packet switched traffic per bearer.
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2. Multiply by the activity factor, SHO factor (1+SHO), protocol overhead and L1 adaptation rate factor. The Packet switched data traffic must be calculated separately for each radio bearer (PS64, PS128, PS256, PS384). 2. The total user plane Iub traffic then is equal to the sum of the voice, CS64, PS64, PS128, PS256, PS384 Iub bandwidth requirements. 4.2 Control Plane Iub Bandwidth

The estimated signaling bandwidth requirement for Iub is typically 6-7% of Iub capacity or 8-10% of the user plane bandwidth. This signaling bandwidth is divided between the AAL2 Signalling, DNBAP and CNBAP with the ratio of 1:2:1. In initial network set-up, the signaling bandwidth of Iub can be allocated this way but on operating the network the CNBAP and DNBAP can be calculated. For CNBAP, the load can be estimated using the following formula: CNBAP = 3+RL_setups/sec*RL_setup_msg_size+RRI_msg_size/RR_ind_period Where: RL_setups/sec is the Radio Link setups per second RL_setup_msg_size is the size of the RL setup response message, typically 2 atm cells RRI_msg_size is the radio resource indication message size, estimated to be 4 atm cells for 1-3 WCDMA cells RR_ind_period is the reporting period of the Radio Resource Indication messages, equal to 200 ms. The DNBAP bandwidth on the other hand depends on the simultaneous PS calls, approximately 13 cps is needed for each PS call. The AAL2 signaling bandwidth can be estimated using the ratio 1:2:1 of AAL2 signaling, DNBAP and CNBAP. The minimum link size for the AAL2 signaling, DNBAP and CNBAP is 39 cps and the maximum is 2100 cps per VC. For the O&M (Operation and Maintenance) link, Nokia recommends 150 cps or 64 kbps per BTS. Example: Node B with 3 sectors, FSMB modules only BH Traffic mix: 12 x AMR, 3 x CS64, 5 x 64/128 PS, 2 x 64/384 PS, 2 x 384/HSPDA SHO = 30% Compute for the user plane traffic in UL and DL

For UL: Iub voice = no. of channels * bit rate * (1+SHO) * activity factor * protocol overhead = 12*12.2*1.30*0.67*1.55 = 197.65 kbps Iub CS64 = no. of channels * bit rate * (1+SHO)* activity factor * protocol overhead = 3*64*1.30*1.0*1.25 = 312 kbps

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Iub PS64/128 = no. of channels * bit rate * (1+SHO) * activity factor * protocol overhead * throughput factor = 5*64*1.30*1.0*1.28*1.265 = 673.59 kbps Iub PS64/384 = no. of channels * bit rate * (1+SHO) *activity factor * protocol overhead * throughput factor = 2*64*1.30*1.0*1.28*1.265 = 269.43 kbps Iub 384ADCH = no. of channels * bit rate * (1+SHO) * activity factor * protocol overhead * throughput factor = 2*384*1.30*1.0*1.23*1.265 = 1553.46 kbps UL user plane requirement = Iub voice+Iub CS64 + Iub PS64/128 + Iub PS64/384 + Iub 384ADCH = 197.65 + 312 + 673.59 + 269.43 + 1553.46 kbps = 3006.13 kbps or 7090 cps For DL: Iub voice = no. of channels * bit rate * (1+SHO) * activity factor * protocol overhead = 12*12.2*1.30*0.67*1.55 = 197.65 kbps Iub CS64 = no. of channels * bit rate * (1+SHO)* activity factor * protocol overhead = 3*64*1.30*1.0*1.25 = 312 kbps Iub PS64/128 = no. of channels * bit rate * (1+SHO) * activity factor * protocol OH* throughput factor = 5*128*1.30*1.0*1.25*1.265 = 1315.6 kbps Iub PS64/384 = no. of channels * bit rate * (1+SHO) * activity factor * protocol OH* throughput factor = 2*384*1.30*1.0*1.23*1.265 = 1553.46 kbps Iub HSDPA = no. of channels * bit rate * activity factor * protocol overhead * throughput factor = 32*16*1.0*1.43*1.265 = 926.18 kbps DL user plane requirement = Iub voice + Iub CS64 + Iub PS64/128 + Iub PS64/384 + Iub HSDPA = 197.65 + 312 + 1315.6 + 1553.46 + 926.18 kbps = 4304.89 kbps or 10153 cps Compare the uplink and downlink requirements, the higher value will be used as the user plane Iub bandwidth requirement.

User Plane Bandwidth = 4304.89 kbps or 10153 cps Compute for the control plane bandwidth. Initially it can be assumed that the signaling bandwidth requirement is 10% of the user plane traffic. But when the network is already operating and actual statistics are present, the computations for CNBAP and DNBAP stated above should be used.

Control Plane Bandwidth = 10%*total user plane bandwidth = 0.10*10153 cps = 1016 cps Using the ratio 1:2:1 of AAL2 signaling, DNBAP and CNBAP: AAL2 Signaling = 254 cps
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DNBAP = 508 cps CNBAP = 254 cps O&M = 150 cps (recommended per Node B) Compute for the total Iub requirement by adding the user plane, control plane and O&M requirements. Iub Requirement = User Plane + Control Plane + O&M = 10153 + 1016 + 150 cps = 11319 cps or 4800 kbps Number of users 12 3 5 2 2 User Plane Reqt (kbps) User Plane Reqt (cps) AAL2 signalling DNBAP CNBAP Contro Plane Reqt O&M Iub Reqt (cps) Iub BW Requirement Services 12.2 kbps AMR CS 64 kbps PS 64/128 kbps PS 64/384 kbps 384 A-DCH HSDPA Iub Requirement UL 197.65 kbps 312 kbps 673.59 kbps 269.43 kbps 1553.46 kbps 3006.13 kbps 7090 cps 178 cps 354 cps 178 cps 710 cps 150 cps Iub Requirement DL 197.65 kbps 312 kbps 1315.6 kbps 1553.46 kbps 926.18 kbps 4304.89 kbps 10153 cps 254 cps 508 cps 254 cps 1016 cps 150 cps

7950 cps 11319 cps 11319 cps or 4.8 Mbps or 4 T1s Table 10. Iub Dimensioning example

USER PLANE VCs

10153 cps 254 cps 508 cps 254 cps 150 cps

Flexi BTS

AAL2 SIGNALING VC DNBAP VC CNBAP VC O&M VC

AXC (AXCC, AXCD, AXUA)

RNC

Iub

Figure 5. Iub Configuration example

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RNC Dimensioning

The number of Nokia RNCs to be deployed in the network can be dimensioned based on the RNC throughput requirement, Node B and cell counts, AAL2 connectivity for Iub, Iur and IuCS interfaces and other limiting factor such as the number of available interfaces and VP shapers. The table below shows the RNC capacity limitations for Nokia RAS05.1. RNC Config 150 300 450 Iub Throughput (Mbps) 150 300 450 Number of Number of AAL2 Connectivity Node B cells (Mbps) 200 600 1,950 300 900 2,800 512 1,152 3,594 Table 11. Nokia RAS05.1 RNC Capacity Interface Cards STM1 / T1 4/16 8/16 12/16

The RNC throughput is the sum of the bandwidth of the different services including the soft handover overhead or simply the sum of the Iub throughput of all the Node Bs connected to the RNC. The AAL2 Connectivity is the sum of the Iub, Iur and IuCS bandwidths. For dimensioning a new network, the fill rate is typically 60-70% to allow network expansions. On operating network, 80-90% can be considered. Aside from the above considerations in dimensioning the RNC, HSDPA requirement must also be considered when we need to ensure that the maximum achievable bit rates will be available to the users or when we have to dedicate resources for possible HSDPA users. The table below shows the maximum number of HSDPA activated BTS, throughput and users. RNC Config 150 300 450 Inputs Max No of HSDPA HSDPA Net Max HSDPA activated BTS Throughput (Mbps) users per cell 200 135 16 300 270 16 512 405 16 Table 12. Nokia RNC HSDPA Capacity Max no of HSDPA users 290 580 1500

Required: Iub Throughput Requirement Number of Node Bs and cells to be connected Number of subscribers per Node B and Traffic usage per subscriber per application: AMR, CS64, PS64, PS128, PS384, PS512 Or - Traffic usage per application

Assumptions: - SHO = 30% - Fill rate = 60-70% for new network, 80-90% for operating network Dimensioning Process: 1. Compute for the RNC throughput requirements, by computing the throughput required by each Node B considering all the different services, soft handover overhead, and protocol overheads. Or by considering the Iub throughput for each Node Bs (refer to section 3). 2. Calculate the number of required RNCs based on the Iub throughput. Number of RNC (throughput) = Iub throughput reqt/(RNC throughput*fill rate)
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3. Calculate the number of required RNCs based on BTS and cell capacity. Number of RNC (BTS) = number of connected BTS / (BTS capacity*fill rate) Number of RNC (cell) = number of cells connected / (cell capacity*fill rate) 4. Compute the total AAL2 connectivity by adding up the bandwidth requirements for Iub, Iur and IuCS. AAL2 connectivity (Mbps) = Iub + Iur + IuCS Iur traffic depends on the RNC coverage areas, number of border cells in inter-RNC SHO areas, and number of neighbor RNCs. For dimensioning purposes, Nokia recommends an assumption that the Iur traffic is 4-9% of total Iub traffic. IuCS, on the other hand, can be computed based on the circuit switched traffic (AMR and CS64) and corresponding signaling and ATM overheads. For IuCS, 25% ATM OH and 1% signaling OH are used for the bandwidth calculation. IuCS = (AMR users*12.2 kbps + CS64 users*64 kbps)*Protocol overhead*Signaling overhead 5. Calculate the number of required RNCs based on AAL2 connectivity. Number of RNC (AAL2 connectivity) = Required AAL2 connectivity / (AAL2 capacity*fill rate) 6. Compare the computed number of RNCs based on throughput, BTS/cell count and AAL2 connectivity. The highest RNC requirement must be considered. 7. The number of available interfaces and VP shapers must be enough to support the connected Node Bs. Refer to Table 9 for the number of available interfaces in each RNC. If traffic shaping is enabled there is a limit of 108 VPs on each NIS or NIP card, without traffic shaping 600 VPs can be defined in each NIS/NIP card. Example: 100 Node Bs, each has the following specs: Node B with 3 sectors, FSMB modules only Traffic mix: 12 x AMR, 3 x CS64, 5 x 64/128 PS, 2 x 64/384 PS, 2 x 384/HSPDA Iub throughput as computed on Table 8 is 5.08 Mbps Assumptions: Iur = 5% of Iub bandwidth RNC with full config will be used Channelized STM-1 connection from Node B to RNC (1 STM-1 = 63 E1s or 84 T1s) Traffic shaping is enabled 90% RNC fill rate Compute for the RNC throughput requirements and the corresponding number of RNCs needed to support it:

As computed earlier, each node B has an Iub throughput requirement of 4.8 Mbps, thus: RNC throughput requirement = sum of all Node B Iub Requirements = 100 * 4.8 Mbps = 480 Mbps Number of RNC (throughput) = 480/(450*0.9) = 2 RNCs Calculate the number of RNCs required based on number of BTSs and cells.

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Number of RNC (BTS/cell) = BTS or cells to be connected / (BTS or cell capacity * fill rate) = 100/(512*0.9) = 1 RNC = 300/(1152*0.9) = 1 RNC Compute for the AAL2 connectivity by adding the Iub, Iur and IuCS bandwidths, then compute the required number of RNCs based on AAL2 connectivity.

Iub bandwidth = 100*4.8 Mbps = 480 Mbps Iur = 5%*Iub = 0.05*480 Mbps = 24 Mbps IuCS = (AMR users*12.2 kbps + CS64 users*64 kbps)*Protocol overhead*Signaling overhead = 100*(12*12.2 kbps + 3*64 kbps)*1.25*1.01 = 42.72 Mbps AAL2 Connectivity = Iub + Iur + IuCS = 480 + 24 + 42.72 Mbps = 546.72 Mbps Number of RNC (AAL2 connectivity) = 546.72/(3594*0.09) = 1 RNC Based on the above computations, 2 RNCs are needed to satisfy all the dimensioning requirements.

Number of required RNC = 2 Verify if the number of STM-1 interfaces would be enough to provide connections to Node B, other RNCs, MSC and SGSN.

Based on Iub computations, 4 T1s per Node B, with 100 Node Bs 400 T1s are needed. Number of STM-1 connections = sum of STM-1 for Iub, Iur, IuCS and IuPS For Iub, 400/84 = 5 STM1, 3 STM1 for each RNC For Iur = 24 Mbps for 2 RNC, 1 STM1 For IuCS = 42.72 Mbps for 2 RNC, 1 STM1 For IuPS = 242.4 Mbps for 2 RNC, 1 STM1 IuPS = (PS users*bit rate)*Protocol overhead*Signaling overhead = 100*(5*128+2*384+32*16)*1.25*1.01 = 242.4 Mbps Number of STM-1 connections = 5 STM-1 connections per RNC (1 RNC can support all the interface connections needed) Verify the VP limit per NIS card. There are 4 NIS per RNC and each RNC can have 108 VPs, thus total of 432 VPs, more than enough to accommodate the 100 Node Bs and Iu connections. Requirement RNC Capacity 480 Mbps 450 Mbps 100 512 300 1152 546.72 Mbps 3594 Mbps Required RNC = 2 Table 13. RNC Dimensioning example Required No of RNC 2 1 1 1

Dimensioning factors Iub throughput BTS count Cell count AAl2 connectivity

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Iu Interface Dimensioning

The Iu interface is the connection from the radio access network to the core network. It has separate user and control planes, the user plane uses AAL2 for IuCS and AAL5 for IuPS while the control plane is AAL5. 6.1 Iu-CS Interface

The Iu-CS interface connects the radio access network to the circuit switched core network, between an RNC and an MSC. User Plane transfers user data related to radio access bearers over the Iu interface. It can be defined as transparent mode where all traffic has predefined SDU sizes or support mode where SDU sizes change during the connection such as in AMR call. Control Plane RANAP (Radio Access Network Application Part) handles the signaling between the RNC and MSC or SGSN. The control plane in the Iu-CS can be terminated in the MSC server and the user plane can be terminated in the MGW Dimensioning Process User Plane: - Calculate the bandwidth requirements for Circuit Switched service. - Multiply by the Protocol overhead (25%) Control Plane: - 1% of Iu-CS User Plane Iu-CS Bandwidth = User Plane + Control Plane Example: 100 Node Bs, each has the following specs: Node B with 3 sectors, FSMB modules only Traffic mix: 12 x AMR, 3 x CS64, 5 x 64/128 PS, 2 x 64/384 PS, 2 x 384/HSPDA Iub throughput as computed on Table 8 is 5.08 Mbps Iu-CS User Plane = 100*(12*12.2+3*64)*(1.25) = 42. 3 Mbps Iu-CS Control Plane = 1%*42.3 Mbps = 423 kbps Iu-CS Bandwidth = 42.3 Mbps + 423 kbps = 42.72 Mbps

USER PLANE VCs

42.3 Mbps

RNC
CONTROL PLANE VC 423 kbps

MSC/ MGW

Iu-CS

Figure 6. Iu-CS Configuration example

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6.2

Iu-PS Interface

The Iu-PS interface connects the radio access network to the packet switched core network, between the RNC and SGSN User Plane transfers user data related to radio access bearers over the Iu interface, the transparent mode is used. Control Plane RANAP (Radio Access Network Application Part) handles the signaling between the RNC and MSC or SGSN. Dimensioning Process User Plane: - Calculate the bandwidth requirements for Packet Switched services for both uplink and downlink - Get the maximum between the uplink and downlink requirements and multiply by the Protocol overhead (25%) Control Plane: - 1% of Iu-PS User Plane Iu-PS Bandwidth = User Plane + Control Plane Example: 100 Node Bs, each has the following specs: Node B with 3 sectors, FSMB modules only Traffic mix: 12 x AMR, 3 x CS64, 5 x 64/128 PS, 2 x 64/384 PS, 2 x 384/HSPDA Iub throughput as computed on Table 8 is 5.08 Mbps UL User Plane = 100*(5*64+2*64+2*384) = 121.6 Mbps DL User Plane = 100*(5*128+2*384+2*512) = 192 Mbps Iu-PS User Plane = 192*1.25 = 240 Mbps Iu-PS Control Plane = 1%*240 Mbps = 2.4 Mbps Iu-PS Bandwidth = 240 + 2.4 Mbps = 242.4 Mbps

USER PLANE VCs

242.2 Mbps

RNC
CONTROL PLANE VC 2.4 Mbps

3G SGSN

Iu-PS

Figure 7. Iu-PS Configuration example

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Summary of Formulas and Counters

Listed below are the formulas used in this document, and Nokia RNC counters that can be used as dimensioning inputs when there is already a considerable amount of network traffic. 7.1 Channel Element Dimensioning Formulas

UL CE Requirement = [sum of CEs per application + CE (hsdpa adch)]*(1+SHO) + CEs for HSDPA scheduler + CEs for Control Channels DL CE Requirement = [sum of CEs per application + CE (hsdpa adch)]*(1+SHO) + CEs for HSDPA scheduler + CEs for Control Channels Total CEs Required = max (UL CE Requirement, DL CE Requirement) Number of FSM cards = roundup (Total CEs Required / CE capacity per card) 7.2 Iub Dimensioning Formulas

Iub voice = no. of channels * bit rate * (1+SHO) * activity factor * protocol overhead Iub CS = no. of channels * bit rate * (1+SHO)* activity factor * protocol overhead Iub PS = no.of channels * bit rate * (1+SHO) * activity factor * protocol overhead*throughput factor Iub ADCH / HSDPA = no.of channels * bit rate * (1+SHO) * activity factor * protocol overhead * throughput factor UL User Plane Bandwidth = Iub voice + Iub CS + Iub PS + Iub ADCH DL User Plane Bandwidth = Iub voice + Iub CS + Iub PS + Iub HSDPA User Plane Bandwidth = max (UL User Plane Bandwidth, DL User Plane Bandwidth) Control Plane Bandwidth = 10% * User Plane Bandwidth AAL2: DNBAP: CNBAP = 1:2:1 of Control Plane Bandwidth O&M = 150 cps Iub Requirement = User Plane Bandwidth + Control Plane Bandwidth + O&M

7.3

RNC Dimensioning Formulas

RNC Throughput Requirement = sum of Iub Requirements of connected Node Bs Number of RNC (throughput) = Iub throughput reqt/(RNC throughput*fill rate) Number of RNC (BTS) = number of connected BTS / (BTS capacity*fill rate) Number of RNC (cell) = number of cells connected / (cell capacity*fill rate)

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AAL2 connectivity (Mbps) = Iub + Iur + IuCS Iur = 5% * Iub Requirements IuCS = (AMR users*12.2 kbps + CS64 users*64 kbps)*Protocol overhead*Signaling overhead AAL2 Connectivity = Iub + Iur + IuCS Number of RNC (AAL2 connectivity) = AAL2 Connectivity/(AAL2 capacity*fill rate) Number of STM-1 connections = sum of STM-1 for Iub, Iur, IuCS and IuPS IuPS = PS users * bit rate * Protocol Overhead * Signaling Overhead RNC Requirement = max [Number of RNC (throughput), Number of RNC (BTS), Number of RNC (cell), Number of RNC (AAL2 connectivity)] 7.4 Nokia Counters

When there is already a sufficient amount of traffic in the UMTS network, the following counters can be used for getting the actual number of connections for each service that can be used as input to the dimensioning process.
PI ID Name NodeB_Cell Resource M5001C0 MAXIMUM NUMBER OF AVAILABLE CHANNEL ELEMENTS M5001C1 MINIMUM NUMBER OF AVAILABLE CHANNEL ELEMENTS M5001C2 AVERAGE NUMBER OF AVAILABLE CHANNEL ELEMENTS M5001C3 MAXIMUM NUMBER OF USED CE FOR DL M5001C4 MAXIMUM NUMBER OF USED CE FOR UL M5001C5 MINIMUM NUMBER OF USED CE FOR DL M5001C6 MINIMUM NUMBER OF USED CE FOR UL M5001C7 AVERAGE NUMBER OF USED CE FOR DL M5001C8 AVERAGE NUMBER OF USED CE FOR UL RNC Cell resource M1000C181 M1000C182 M1000C183 M1000C184 M1000C185 M1000C186 M1000C187 M1000C188 M1000C189 M1000C190 M1000C191 M1000C192 NUMBER OF SAMPLES FOR CE CALCULATION AVERAGE USED CE FOR AMR ALLOCATIONS AVERAGE USED CE FOR CS CONVERSATIONAL 64 KBPS AVERAGE USED CE FOR CS STREAMING 14.4 KBPS AVERAGE USED CE FOR CS STREAMING 57.6 KBPS AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS STREAMING 8 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS STREAMING 16 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS STREAMING 32 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS STREAMING 64 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS STREAMING 128 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS STREAMING 8 KBPS DL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS STREAMING 16 KBPS DL Abbreviation MAX_AVAIL_CE MIN_AVAIL_CE AVE_AVAIL_CE MAX_USED_CE_DL MAX_USED_CE_UL MIN_USED_CE_DL MIN_USED_CE_UL AVG_USED_CE_DL AVG_USED_CE_UL CE_SAMPLE_AMOUN T AVE_CE_USED_AMR AVE_CE_USED_CS_C ONV_64 AVE_CE_USED_CS_S TR_14_4 AVE_CE_USED_CS_S TR_57_6 AVE_CE_USED_PS_S TR_8_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_S TR_16_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_S TR_32_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_S TR_64_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_S TR_128_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_S TR_8_DL AVE_CE_USED_PS_S

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UMTS RAN Dimensioning Guidelines Nokia TR_16_DL AVE_CE_USED_PS_S TR_32_DL AVE_CE_USED_PS_S TR_64_DL AVE_CE_USED_PS_S TR_128_DL AVE_CE_USED_PS_S TR_256_DL AVE_CE_USED_PS_S TR_384_DL AVE_CE_USED_PS_IN T_8_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_IN T_16_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_IN T_32_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_IN T_64_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_IN T_128_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_IN T_256_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_IN T_384_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_B GR_8_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_B GR_16_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_B GR_32_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_B GR_64_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_B GR_128_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_B GR_256_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_B GR_384_UL AVE_CE_USED_PS_B GR_8_DL AVE_CE_USED_PS_B GR_16_DL AVE_CE_USED_PS_B GR_32_DL AVE_CE_USED_PS_B GR_64_DL AVE_CE_USED_PS_B GR_128_DL AVE_CE_USED_PS_B GR_256_DL AVE_CE_USED_PS_B GR_384_DL

M1000C193 M1000C194 M1000C195 M1000C196 M1000C197 M1000C198 M1000C199 M1000C200 M1000C201 M1000C202 M1000C203 M1000C204 M1000C212 M1000C213 M1000C214 M1000C215 M1000C216 M1000C217 M1000C218 M1000C219 M1000C220 M1000C221 M1000C222 M1000C223 M1000C224

AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS STREAMING 32 KBPS DL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS STREAMING 64 KBPS DL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS STREAMING 128 KBPS DL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS STREAMING 256 KBPS DL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS STREAMING 384 KBPS DL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS INTERACTIVE 8 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS INTERACTIVE 16 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS INTERACTIVE 32 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS INTERACTIVE 64 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS INTERACTIVE 128 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS INTERACTIVE 256 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS INTERACTIVE 384 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS BACKGROUND 8 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS BACKGROUND 16 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS BACKGROUND 32 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS BACKGROUND 64 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS BACKGROUND 128 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS BACKGROUND 256 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS BACKGROUND 384 KBPS UL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS BACKGROUND 8 KBPS DL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS BACKGROUND 16 KBPS DL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS BACKGROUND 32 KBPS DL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS BACKGROUND 64 KBPS DL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS BACKGROUND 128 KBPS DL AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS BACKGROUND 256 KBPS DL

M1000C225 AVERAGE USED CE FOR PS BACKGROUND 384 KBPS DL RAB downgrade/release due to BTS Congestion M1000C146 M1000C151 M1000C158 RB DOWNGRADE BY PBS DUE TO BTS CONGESTION RB DOWNGRADE BY PRE-EMPTION DUE TO BTS CONGESTION RB RELEASE BY PBS DUE TO BTS CONGESTION

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UMTS RAN Dimensioning Guidelines Nokia M1000-C20 M1000-C21 M1000-C22 M1000-C23 M1000-C99 M1000-C100 M1000-C101 M1000-C102 M1000-C50 M1000-C51 M1000-C52 M1000-C53 Average PTx Feasible Load Area 3 Total Ptx Tot Feasible Load Area 3 Average PTx Feasible Load Area 4 Total Ptx Tot Feasible Load Area 4 Estimated average transmitted power for DL RT users on the cell for Class 3 Ptx total value is inside Class 3 range Estimated average transmitted power for DL RT users on the cell for Class 4 Ptx total value is inside Class 4 range Estimated average transmitted power for DL NRT users on the cell for Class 3 Ptx total value is inside Class 3 range Estimated average transmitted power for DL NRT users on the cell for Class 4 Ptx total value is inside Class 4 range Ave PtxTot Class 3 PtxTot Denom 3 Ave PtxTot Class 4 PtxTot Denom 4 Ave Ptx RT Class 3 Ptx RT Denom 3 Ave Ptx RT Class 4 Ptx RT Denom 4 Ave Ptx NRT Class 3 Ptx NRT Denom 3 Ave Ptx NRT Class 4 Ptx NRT Denom 4 Ave SCCPCH inc PCH Load SCCPCH Load Denom 0 Ave PCH Throughput PCH Throughput Denom 0 Ave SCCPCH exc PCH Load SCCPCH Load Denom 1 Ave FACH User Tot Throughput for SCCPCH Exc PCH FACH User Tot Throughput Denom 1 Ave FACH Data Throughput for SCCHPCH exc PCH FACH User Data Throughput Denom 1

SCCPCH Load Monitoring based on available counters M1000-C64 M1000-C65 M1000-C70 M1000-C71 M1000-C103 M1000-C104 Average load of SCCPCH chanel including PCH Denominator for Average load of SCCPCH channel (including PCH) PCH throughput Denominator for Average PCH throughput Average load of SCCPCH channel -PCH not present Denominator for Average load of SCCPCH channel (excluding PCH) Average FACH throughput of both user data and signalling in b/sec without PCH FACH User Tot Throughput Denom 1 Average FACH throughput of user data only in bit/s for SCCPCH - excluding PCH FACH User Data Throughput Denom 1

M1000-C105 M1000-C106

M1000-C107 M1000-C108

Spreading Factor Monitoring based on available counters M1000-C72 Average code usage in percentage Average usage of Code capacity Denominator for average usage of code capacity Minimum code occupancy percentage Max Code Occupancy percentage No Codes available SF4 No Codes available SF8 No Codes available SF16 No Codes available SF32 No Codes available

M1000-C73 M1000-C74 M1000-C75 M1000-C76 M1000-C77 M1000-C78 M1000-C79 M1000-C80 Version 1.3 Jacinto

Denominator for average usage of code capacity Minimum code usage in percentage maximum code usage in percentage Number of tmes when no SF4 codes were available Number of tmes when no SF8 codes were available Number of tmes when no SF16 codes were available Number of tmes when no SF32 codes were available Number of tmes when no SF64 codes were available

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UMTS RAN Dimensioning Guidelines Nokia SF64 No Codes available SF128 No Codes available SF256 Nbr of Succ Code Tree Allo Ave Trx for RL in Cell Nbr of RLS Sum SQR TRX for RL in Cell Nbr of RL Meas Reps DCH Req for Sig Link in SRNC DCH Req for SigLink Reject in UL in SRNC DCH Req for SigLink Reject in DL in SRNC DCH Req for RRC Conn in SRNC DCH Dho Reqq for Sig link in SRNC DCH DHO Req for Sig Link Reject in SRNC RT DCH Req for CS Voice Call in SRNC RT DCH Req for CS Voice Call Reject in UL in SRNC RT DCH Req for CS Voice Call Reject in DL in SRNC RT DCH DHO Req for CS Voice call in SRNC RT DCH DHO Req for CS Voice call reject in SRNC RT DCH Allo for AMR 12.2 kbps in UL/DL in the SRNC RT DCH Allo Dura for AMR 12.2 kbps in UL/DL in the SRNC RT DCH Req for CS Data call Conv Class in SRNC RT DCH Req for CS Data call Stream Class in SRNC RT DCH Req for CS Data call Conv Class Reject in UL in SRNC RT DCH Req for CS Data call Conv Class Reject in DL in SRNC

M1000-C81 M1000-C82

Number of tmes when no SF128 codes were available Number of tmes when no SF256 codes were available

M1000-C83 The number of successful code tree allocations. Radio Link Reports M1000-C89 Average Transmission power per radio link in a cell M1000-C90 Number of reported radio link during measurement period Sum of squared measured values for transmission powers for M1000-C91 the RL in the cell Number of Radio link measurement reports during the M1000-C92 measurement period Traffic Measurement Area-RNC level M1002-C0 M1002-C1 M1002-C2 M1002-C3 M1002-C4 Total number of DCH request for a signalling link in the SRNC Total number of DCH request for a signalling link rejected in the SRNC for reasons caused by UL radio resources. Total number of DCH request for a signalling link rejected in the SRNC for reasons caused by DL radio resources. Total number of DCH request for a RRC connection establishment in the SRNC Total number of DCH request for a signalling link because of the diversity handover in the SRNC Total number of DCH request for a signalling rejected by the SRNC for reasons caused by radio resources in the target cell of the diversity handover Total number of RT DCH requests for a CS voice call in the SRNC Total number of RT DCH requests for CS voice call rejected in the SRNC for reasons caused by UL radio resources Total number of RT DCH requests for CS voice call rejected in the SRNC for reasons caused by DL radio resources Total number of DCH requests for a CS voice call due to diversity handover in the SRNC Total number of DCH requests for a CS voice call rejected by the SRNC for reasons caused by radio resources in the target cell of diversity handover Number of real time DCH allocation for AMR x.xx in yL in the SRNC. (AMR codec 12.2 - UL/DL) Summary of RT DCH allocated durarions for AMR 12.2 in UL/DL in SRNC Total number of RT DCH request for a transparent CS Data call with conversational class in the SRNC Total number of RT DCH request for a nontransparent CS data call with streaming class in the SRNC Total number of rejected RT DCH request for a transparent CS Data call with conversational class in the SRNC fro reason caused by UL radio resources Total number of rejected RT DCH request for a transparent CS Data call with conversational class in the SRNC fro reason caused by DL radio resources

M1002-C5 M1002-C12

M1002-C13

M1002-C14 M1002- C16

M1002-C17 M1002C18M1002C33 M1002-C34M10020C49

M1002-C50

M1002-C51

M1002-C52

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UMTS RAN Dimensioning Guidelines Nokia Total number of rejected RT DCH request for non transparent CS Data call with streaming class in the SRNC fro reason caused by UL radio resources Total number of rejected RT DCH request for non transparent CS Data call with streaming class in the SRNC fro reason caused by DL radio resources Total number of DCH request for a transparent CS data call with conversation class due to diversity handoever in the SRNC Total number of DCH requests for transparent CS data call (onSRNC side) rejected for reasons caused by radio resources in the target cell of diversity handover Total number of DCH request for a nontransparent CS data call with streaming class due to diversity handoever in the SRNC Total number of DCH requests for nontransparent CS data call with streaming class (onSRNC side) rejected for reasons caused by radio resources in the target cell of diversity handover RT DCH Req for CS Data call Stream Class Reject in UL in SRNC RT DCH Req for CS Data call Stream Class Reject in DL in SRNC RT DCH DHO Req for CS Data Call Conv Class in SRNC RT DCH DHO Req for CS Data Call Conv Class Reject in SRNC RT DCH DHO Req for CS Data Call Stream Class in SRNC RT DCH DHO Req for CS Data Call Stream Class Reject in SRNC

M1002-C54

M1002-C55

M1002-C58

M1002-C59

M1002-C60

M1002-C61 ATM

The number connection. The number connection The number connection. The number connection. Packet-Service M1002-C82 M1002-C83 M1002-C84 M1002-C85 M1002-C86 M1002-C87 M1002-C88 M1002-C89 M1002-C90 M1002-C91 M1002-C92 M1002-C93 M1002-C94

of egress cells transmitted to a virtual path

EG_TOT_CELLS_VP

of ingress cells received from a virtual path

IN_TOT_CELLS_VP

of egress cells transmitted to a virtual channel

EG_TOT_CELLS_VC

of ingress cells received from a virtual channel

N_TOT_CELLS_VC

RT DCH REQ FOR PS CALL CONV CLASS IN SRNC RT DCH REQ FOR PS CALL STREAM CLASS IN SRNC RT DCH REQ FOR PS CALL INTERA CLASS IN UL IN SRNC RT DCH REQ FOR PS CALL INTERA CLASS IN DL IN SRNC NRT DCH REQ FOR PS CALL BACKG CLASS IN UL IN SRNC NRT DCH REQ FOR PS CALL BACKG CLASS IN DL IN SRNC RT DCH REQ FOR PS CALL CONV CLASS REJECT IN UL IN SRNC RT DCH RT DCH SRNC RT DCH SRNC RT DCH SRNC RT DCH SRNC RT DCH SRNC REQ FOR PS CALL CONV CLASS REJECT IN DL IN SRNC REQ FOR PS CALL STREAM CLASS REJECT IN UL IN REQ FOR PS CALL STREAM CLASS REJECT IN DL IN REQ FOR PS CALL INTERA CLASS REJECT IN UL IN REQ FOR PS CALL INTERA CLASS REJECT IN DL IN REQ FOR PS CALL BACKG CLASS REJECT IN UL IN

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UMTS RAN Dimensioning Guidelines Nokia RT DCH REQ FOR PS CALL BACKG CLASS REJECT IN DL IN SRNC RT DCH INI REQ FOR PS CALL CONV CLASS IN SRNC RT DCH INI REQ FOR PS CALL STREAM CLASS IN SRNC NRT DCH INI REQ FOR PS CALL INTERA CLASS IN UL IN SRNC NRT DCH INI REQ FOR PS CALL INTERA CLASS IN DL IN SRNC NRT DCH INI REQ FOR PS CALL BACKG CLASS IN UL IN SRNC NRT DCH INI REQ FOR PS CALL BACKG CLASS IN DL IN SRNC RT DCH HHO REQ FOR PS CALL CONV CLASS IN SRNC RT DCH HHO REQ FOR PS CALL CONV CLASS REJECT IN SRNC RT DCH HHO REQ FOR PS CALL STREAM CLASS IN SRNC RT DCH HHO REQ FOR PS CALL STREAM CLASS REJECT IN SRNC RT DCH HHO REQ FOR PS CALL INTERA CLASS IN SRNC RT DCH HHO REQ FOR PS CALL INTERA CLASS REJECT IN SRNC NRT DCH HHO REQ FOR PS CALL BACKG CLASS IN SRNC NRT DCH HHO REQ FOR PS CALL BACKG CLASS REJECT IN SRNC DCH SELECTED FOR INTERACTIVE DUE TO MAX HSDPA USERS DCH SELECTED FOR BACKGROUND DUE TO MAX HSDPA USERS RT DCH ALLO FOR PS CALL CONV CLASS x.xx KBPS IN yL IN SRNC RT DCH ALLO FOR PS CALL STREAM CLASS x.xx KBPS IN yL IN SRNC NRT DCH ALLO FOR PS CALL INTERA CLASS x.xx KBPS IN yL IN SRNC NRT DCH ALLO FOR PS CALL BACKG CLASS x.xx KBPS IN yL IN SRNC RT DCH ALLO DUR FOR PS CALL CONV CLASS x.xx KBPS IN yL IN SRNC RT DCH ALLO DUR FOR PS CALL STREAM CLASS x.xx KBPS IN yL IN SRNC NRT DCH ALLO DUR FOR PS CALL INTERA CLASS x.xx KBPS IN yL IN SRNC NRT DCH ALLO DUR FOR PS CALL BACKG CLASS x.xx KBPS IN yL IN SRNC DCH REQ FOR DATA CALL IN DRNC DCH REQ FOR DATA CALL REJECT IN UL IN DRNC

M1002-C95 M1002-C96 M1002-C97 M1002-C98 M1002-C99 M1002-C100 M1002-C101 M1002-C347 M1002-C348 M1002-C349 M1002-C350 M1002-C351 M1002-C352 M1002-C353 M1002-C354 M1002-C475 M1002-C476 M1002C110 M1002C125 M1002C126 M1002C141 M1002C142 M1002C157 M1002C158 M1002C173 M1002C174 M1002C189 M1002C190 M1002C205 M1002C206 M1002C221 M1002C222 M1002C237 M1002 - C286 M1002 - C287 Version 1.3 Jacinto

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M1002 - C288 M1002 - C289 M1002 - C290 M1002 - C375 M1002 - C376 M1002C291 M1002C314 M1002C315 M1002C338 M1002 - C401 M1002 - C402 M1002 - C413 M1002 - C414 M1002 - C415 M1002 - C416 M1002 - C417 M1002 - C418 M1002 - C419 M1002 - C420 M1002 - C421 M1002 - C422 M1002 - C423 M1002 - C424 M1002 - C425 M1002 - C426 M1002 - C427 M1002 - C428

DCH REQ FOR DATA CALL REJECT IN DL IN DRNC DCH DHO REQ FOR DATA CALL IN DRNC DCH DHO REQ FOR DATA CALL REJECT IN DRNC DCH HHO OVER IUR REQ FOR DATA CALL IN DRNC DCH HHO OVER IUR REQ FOR DATA CALL REJECT IN DRNC DCH ALLO FOR DATA CALL x.xx KBPS IN yL IN DRNC DCH ALLO DURA FOR DATA CALL x.xx KBPS IN yL IN DRNC REJECTED HS-DSCH RETURN CH FOR INTERACTIVE REJECTED HS-DSCH RETURN CH FOR BACKGROUND HS-DSCH SETUP FAILURE DUE TO RNC INTERNAL FOR INTERACTIVE HS-DSCH MAC-D FLOW SETUP FAILURE DUE TO IUB TRANSPORT FOR INTERACTIVE HS-DSCH SETUP FAILURE DUE TO UE FOR INTERACTIVE HS-DSCH SETUP FAILURE DUE TO BTS FOR INTERACTIVE HS-DSCH TOTAL IUB TRANSPORT SETUP FAIL FOR INTERACTIVE HS-DSCH 64 KBPS RETURN CH IUB TRANSPORT SETUP FAILURE FOR INTERACTIVE HS-DSCH 128 KBPS RETURN CH IUB TRANSPORT SETUP FAILURE FOR INTERACTIVE HS-DSCH 384 KBPS RETURN CH IUB TRANSPORT SETUP FAILURE FOR INTERACTIVE HS-DSCH SETUP FAILURE DUE TO RNC INTERNAL FOR BACKGROUND HS-DSCH MAC-D FLOW SETUP FAILURE DUE TO IUB TRANSPORT FOR BACKGROUND HS-DSCH SETUP FAILURE DUE TO UE FOR BACKGROUND HS-DSCH SETUP FAILURE DUE TO BTS FOR BACKGROUND HS-DSCH TOTAL IUB TRANSPORT SETUP FAIL FOR BACKGROUND HS-DSCH 64 KBPS RETURN CH IUB TRANSPORT SETUP FAILURE FOR BACKGROUND HS-DSCH 128 KBPS RETURN CH IUB TRANSPORT SETUP FAILURE FOR BACKGROUND HS-DSCH 384 KBPS RETURN CH IUB TRANSPORT SETUP FAILURE FOR BACKGROUND

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7.5

Partial Results of Capacity Tests in Bellingham

Capacity tests are conducted in Bellingham trial network to simulate and validate Nokia capacity. 7.5.1

DL capacity = (Pmax Pcommon Preserved)/ (Plink x # of RL)

Where: Pmax = max power of the Node B power amplifier. Pcomm = power reserved for Common channels Preserved = power reserved as headroom for in-progress calls Plink = average power per radio link for each radio bearer type

DL Power Capacity

Test 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Service Type AMR 12.2 AMR 12.2 AMR 12.2 AMR 12.2 AMR 12.2 AMR 12.2 PS 64 PS 64 PS 64 PS 64 PS 64 PS 64 PS 384 PS 384 CS 64 CS 64 CS 64 CS 64

Activity Factor 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20%

Ec/No -5.00 -5.00 -5.00 -5.00 -5.00 -5.00 5.00 -5.00 -5.00 -5.00 -5.00 -5.00 -5.00 -5.00 -5.00 -5.00 -5.00 -5.00

PtxTarget () 45 43 42 41 40 39 45 43 42 41 40 39 40 39 45 40 39.5 39

Number of Total Total services Power per Total CCH_Power_ Power_w Power_d PtxOffset Activated service_watts Power_service watts atts bM 1dBm 71 25.23 1791.41 7.94 1799.354 62.6 1dBm 71 22.28 1582.07 7.94 1590.008 62.0 1dBm 71 20.47 1453.14 7.94 1461.086 61.6 1dBm 53 19.43 1029.68 7.94 1037.628 60.2 1dBm 33 17.95 592.24 7.94 600.1813 57.8 1dBm 0 7.94 7.943282 39.0 1dBm 13 32.60 423.86 7.94 431.7991 56.4 1dBm 13 29.66 385.52 7.94 393.4681 55.9 1dBm 13 27.84 361.92 7.94 369.8625 55.7 1dBm 13 25.53 331.91 7.94 339.8506 55.3 1dBm 13 21.99 285.90 7.94 293.8434 54.7 1dBm 0 7.94 7.943282 39.0 1dBm 2 30.12 60.24 7.94 68.18618 48.3 1dBm 0 7.94 7.943282 39.0 1dBm 13 32.60 423.86 7.94 431.7991 56.4 1dBm 13 21.99 285.90 7.94 293.8434 54.7 1dBm 13 18.72 243.42 7.94 251.366 54.0 1dBm 0 0.00 7.94 7.943282 39.0

The number of users for each service is reduced as the Ptx target is adjusted Power Allocated for common channels need to be adjusted when Ptx target is adjusted No service is allowed at Ptx target <= 39 dBm

7.5.2
Test Case 1 2 3 4 5 WCEL 10210, 12020, 10230 10210 10210 10210 10210

Maximum Services per Cell 1 T1 per site

Service Type AMR 12.2 PS 64 PS 128 PS 384 CS 64 Activity Factor 100% 20% 100% 100% 100% Number of T1s 1 1 1 1 1 Number of cells 3 1 1 1 1 Number of call attempts 180 15 15 3 15 Number of call activated 71 13 10 2 13

7.5.3
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No Load 1 AMR 12.2 10 AMR 12.2 1 CS64K 1 PS64K 1 PS128K 1 PS384K

Sum Reserved CellRate Net Cell Rate Reserved # of Samples cps/sample kbps 450500 450500 901 500 212 504900 54400 900 60.444444 25.62844 696886 246386 900 27.376222 11.60752 540600 90100 901 100 42.4 545502 95002 901 105.44062 44.70682 681203 230703 899 256.6218 108.8076 1276880 826380 900 918.2 389.3168

There is reserved bandwidth for Signaling and Common Channels even if there is no load As the number of services or data amount increase, the more efficient is the ATM packing RAB Downgrade due to CE resources
Users _activated 16 AMR 12.2 12 AMR 12.2/1 PS 384 13 AMR 12.2/1 PS 64 # of T1 # of # of HSDPA_CE # of CE # of CE CE/m odule CCH_CE required available used_calculated 1 64 16 32 16 1 1 64 64 16 16 32 32 16 16

7.5.4
# of users Activated 71 AMR 12.2 16 AMR calls/1 PS384 16 AMR calls/1 PS64

16 28 16

7.5.5

Throughput Measurement

Application Average throughput (1 user): HSDPA = 900 kbps Application Average throughput (1 user): R99 = 350 kbps

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