Child Abuse

http://www.123helpme.com/view.asp?id=41313

The day began like any other day. It started with the hustle and bustle of the children rushing into the classroom, tearing off their winter gear and throwing it into the coat room. I noticed, however, one of the smaller boys named Tommy wasn't wearing a winter coat or hat. I thought that maybe his parents hadn't realized how cold it was out that morning. So I tried to push the idea out of my head so I could start the day, after all the Pledge of Allegiance had already begun. Later on at recess, I had told the children to get dressed to go outside. I held Tommy inside for a minute so that I could give him one of the coats that had been donated to the classroom. When I had reached to help him put the coat on I realized he became uneasy. I continued to help him, however, and I was shocked at what I had seen. It was cigarette burns on his neck. I suddenly realized I was witness to a serious case of child abuse! According to the National Committee to Prevent Child Abuse, more than three million cases of child maltreatment were reported in 1995. In that same year at least 1,215 children died because of child abuse and neglect. (Child Abuse and Neglect). There are several types of child abuse. The primary types are physical, sexual, emotional abuse, and neglect. Physical abuse is the most visible form of child abuse. Physical abuse can be defined as non accidental trauma or physical injury resulting from punching, beating, kicking, biting, burning, or otherwise harming a child (American Humane). If the child is being physically abused then you may notice bruises, swollen areas, or marks on a childs face. In severe cases you may notice human bite marks, cigarette burns, broken bones, puncture marks, or missing hair (American Humane). If you cannot actually see physical abuse then you may notice something is wrong when a child begins to act up behaviourally. Some behavioural indicators include withdrawn or aggressive behavioural extremes, complaints of soreness or uncomfortable movement, wearing clothing that is inappropriate for the weather, discomfort with physical contact, or becoming a chronic runaway(American Humane). I think these indicators or physical abuses are very important for teachers, so they are aware of children who are being abused. The children who are being

abused probably dont feel like they can confide in anyone about it. For this reason, the childs teacher should be aware of the signs of abuse. If a child cant help themselves then its up to the adults in their lives too. Another form of abuse that children endure is sexual abuse. Sexual abuse is defined as employment use, persuasion, inducement, enticement, or coercion of any child to engage in, any sexually explicit conduct or any stimulation of such conduct for the purpose of producing any visual depiction of such conduct; or rape, and in cases of caretaker or inter-familial relationships, statutory rape, molestation, prostitution, or other sexual exploitation of children, or incest with children (mandatory reporting). Sexual abuse may be done by either an older child or adult. Children who are sexually abused behave differently when the abuse first begins; possibly shy, withdrawn, or even aggressive. The child who is being abused may begin to care less about what they look like, because they want to be. Physical neglect is another form of abuse. Neglect is a much harder type of abuse to judge. Neglect might mean a parent or caretakers failure to give the child food, clothing, hygiene, medical care and supervision (Prevent Child Abuse in New York). For example, a child could be inadequately dressed for the weather. This could either be a cause of neglect or poverty. That is why neglect is hard to prove to child protection services. Another form of abuse that is related to neglect is emotional abuse, which is also hard to detect. Emotional neglect would be withholding of love, ignoring or blaming a child and regularly threatening a child. This may make a child have a difficult time developing close relationships later in life, because they dont know how to love.

Child Abuse Types Of Child Abuse Definition Non accidental trauma or physical injury resulting from punching, beating, kicking, biting, burning, or otherwise harming a child. Physical Symptoms - Bruises - Swollen areas - Marks on a childs face. - Human bite marks - Cigarette burns - Broken bones - Puncture marks - Missing hair, - Behave differently - Complaints - Behave differently - Shy - Withdrawn - Aggressive

Sexual

Employment use, persuasion, inducement, enticement, or coercion of any child to engage in, any sexually explicit conduct, or rape, or other sexual exploitation of children, or incest with children.

Physical Neglect

A parent or caretakers failure - Behave differently to give the child food, clothing, hygiene, medical care and supervision. Withholding of love, ignoring or blaming a child and regularly threatening a child. - Behave differently - Difficult to develop close relationships

Emotion

Summary: There are 4 typical kinds of child abuse which are neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse and emotional maltreatment. Neglect and emotion maltreatment are hard to detect compare with physical and sexual abuse. The abuser can be an older child or adult. So, we should be aware of the abused symptoms and help them.

Negative Effects of Child Abuse and Prevention http://www.123helpme.com/view.asp?id=168460 All children have certainly many experiences before they became truly mature. A child can face lot of dangerous things from the environment surrounding them which might seriously affect their whole life. As definition in the Federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act: Child abuse is any action from adult to a child that it could be harmful to the childs body or mental (Children Welfare Information Gateway 2007). In 2005, among 3.6 million investigations by Child Protective Services agencies in the U.S, an estimated 899,000 children (24.97%) were confirmed to be victims of child abuse (Childrens Bureau 2005). We can classify the reasons of child abuse into 3 different ways: parental causes, ecological causes and child problems (Childlike Gauteng 2006). Besides, child abuse also has strongly influenced to all sides of the childs life, such as: physical effects, behaviour effects and emotional effects (Jaffe-Gill et al 2007). It is completely surprising to know that one of the causes is due to the childs parents. Actually, either the childs father or mother falls into an addicted situation such drugs or alcohols, these children will not be able to receive suitable cares to grow up as usual. Even, the child will be beaten or neglected without any regret (Australian Childhood Foundation 2004). Based on the report from the Department of Health and Human Services, in 2006, approximately 82.4% abused child cases were made by at least one of the childs parents (Child help 2006). There was a real story about an eleven-year old boy, named Josh, who had experienced extreme neglect during his younger years by his parents. After over a year receiving treatment at the Tennyson Centre for Children in Colorado, Josh has finally rejoined to normal life (Tennyson Centre for Children at Colorado Christian Home 2006). Next reason of child abuse is come from the ecological causes. Surely, a family under poverty condition has always fought with serious problems in finance. Therefore, children from these families cannot receive enough daily food and minimum education for developing healthy. In addition, these poor-living children are easy to become victims of sexual abuse, especially the young or teenage girls. As the figure from NDAS, it is amazing to recognize that in District of Columbia, the

children in families living under poverty scale had increased from 23.4% in year 2000 to 32.6% in year 2006 (National Data Analysis System 2008). In Jabalia City, Gaza till now, a 14-year-old-boy called Ayman has lived under the terrible conditions because of firearm struggles. Approximate 80% of families in Gaza have existed in poverty and depended on food aid (Abdullah, A. R 2008). Last but not least, child abuse is often occurred due to childs unexpected disabilities. Whenever a child is born with any weakness in bodys part, this unlucky child can be refused to foster by connected parents. As Baladerian wrote that minimum 15% population of children, in the U.S, suffered disabilities and the disability child had a probability of 3.5 times of being abuse compared to a normal child (Baladerian, N 2005). Carolyns story is a recalled childhood of her real life. Carolyn with disability has lived in over seven foster families till her teenage years. Sometimes, Carolyn felt that the foster adopted her because of money from receiving child welfare (Johnson, C 2005). To prevent child abuse we might consider several methods as parent education, family supporting program and children welfare. First, we can organize the optional courses for young couples to give them basic education about how to become a healthy family. Besides, we must force the single or married people with addiction to get a medical treatment for breaking their circumstance of using drugs off (First 5 Service Corps 2008). In May 2006, the Prevent Child Abuse America Organization held a national convention on prevented strategies of child abuse for over 12,000 attendances (Prevent Child Abuse America 2006). Second, we also need to deploy many social programs, such as: carepreparing or financed sponsors to support families living under poverty to increase their incomes. That means if the familys finance becomes more stable the child will be given better care and education (Administration for Children & Families 2008). In U.K, if a child is living with either one or none of parents, this child will be applied a policy called child maintenance. So the child will receive a certain amount of money for daily expenditure (Child Support Agency 2007). Third, the government must pay specially attention to offering more welfare to child with a disability. With financial assistance from government, a child with disability will have more opportunity being existent to social activities. As you can

find at the National Deaf Childrens Society in U.K, the child with a disability of hearing might get a lot of benefits to overcome the deaf situation, for instance: receiving child welfare, optional education, providing audiology (Directgov 2008). In summary, whenever we do not take care of our children, it is easily for child abuse to happen. Although each man has own problems, but it is not fair if we throw all troubles to a child. In my opinions, child abuse is a complicated and sensible issue because it has just occurred when we have lost control of ourselves. Whatever the causes of child abuse, the most important thing is adults behaviour. So, education is the best method for preventing child abuse. Through the training programs, adult might get a healthier life and children can have some skills of self protection. And I hope that in future children all over the world might keep away from child abuse.

Child Abuse - Their parents fall into an addicted situation. - Children have no suitable cares to grow up as usual. - Children will be beaten or neglected without any regret - Family under poverty condition faces serious problems in finance. - Children cannot receive enough daily food and minimum education. - These poor-living children are easy to become victims of sexual abuse, especially girls. - Often occurred due to childs unexpected disabilities. - A child who born with any weakness in bodys part can be refused to foster by connected parents. - The disability child had a probability of 3.5 times of being abuse compared to a normal child. - Organize the optional courses about how to become a healthy family for young couples. - Force the single or married people with addiction for breaking using drugs off. - Held a national convention on prevented strategies of child abuse. - Deploy many social programs to support families living under poverty to increase their incomes. - If the familys finance becomes more stable the child will be given better care and education - If a child is living with either one or none of parents, this child will be applied a policy called child maintenance. - They will receive a certain amount of money for daily expenditure. - Government must pay specially attention to offer more welfare to child with a disability. - A child with disability will have more opportunity being existent to social activities.

Parental Causes

The Cause Of Child Abuse

Ecological Causes

Child Problems

Parent Education

The Prevention Of Child Abuse

Family Supporting Program

Children Welfare

Summary: There are three child abuse causes which are parental causes, ecological causes and child problems. Besides that, child abuse had strongly influenced in physical, behaviour and emotional of a child. Therefore, we should take some actions such as parent education, family supporting program and children welfare to prevent child abuse.