Heat and the change state of matter

Example: condensation point of water vapour is 100C Boling point = Condensation point The amount of heat absorbed by every 1 kg of matter for vaporize at its boiling point is called vapouring heat (U). The amount of heat released by 1 kg of matter for condense at its condensation point is called condensation heat (U). SI Unit of Vapouring Heat of Condensation Heat: J/kg Amount of heat (Q) received or released by a matter when it boils or condensates can be calculate by

A graph is showing the relation between the water temperature and the heat at a pressure of 1 atmosphere.

Q=mxU
Where: Q = amount of Heat received or released (J) m = mass of matter (kg) U = Vapouring heat or Condensation Heat (J/kg) Differences between evaporation and boiling N o Evaporation Boiling

When a matter change its state, the temperature does not increase although the heat is continuously given. The heat is used to changing the state of matter. The heat used for changing the state of matter is called latent heat.

1. Occurs at any Occurs at a fixed temperature below temperature boiling point (boiling point) 2. Occurs on the liquids surface 3 No bubbles are formed Slow Process Occurs throughout the liquid Bubbles are formed in the liquid Quick process

Melting and Freezing

Melting point is the temperature when a matter is starting to melt. Example: melting point of ice is 0C Freezing point is the temperature when a matter is starting to freeze. Example: freezing point of water is 0C Melting point = Freezing point The amount of heat absorbed by every 1 kg of matter for melting at its melting point is called Melting heat (L). The amount of heat released by 1 kg of matter for freezing at its freezing point is called Freezing heat (L). SI Unit of Melting Heat and Freezing Heat: J/kg Amount of heat (Q) received or released by a matter when it melts or freezes can be calculated by: Where: Q = amount of Heat received or released (J) m = mass of matter (kg) L = Melting heat or Freezing Heat (J/kg)

EXERCISE

Several aspects that speed up evaporation are: Heating Blowing air through the liquids surface Extending the surface Decreasing the pressure on the surface 1. Calculate the quantity of heat required to melt 4 kg of ice on 0C ! (L = 3.36 x 105 J/kg) 2. Calculate the quantity of heat required to change 200 grams of water at a temperature of 100C into water vapor at a temperature of 100C! (U = 2,270 kJ/kg) 3. Calculate the heat required to change 1 kg of water at temperature of 80C into 1 kg of water vapor at a temperature of 100C (specific heat of water is 4,200 J/kgC and vapouring heat of water is 2,270 kJ/kg)

Q=mxL

Boiling and condensation

Boiling point is the temperature when a matter is starting to boils. Example: boiling point of water is 100C Condensation point is the temperature when a matter is starting to condenses.

4. Ice cube has mass 100 gram at 0oC. If it heated until 20 oC the all ice become water. How much heat energy absorb? (melting heat of ice = 80 cal/g ; specific heat of water 1 cal/g co)