Chapter 5 Combinational Logic with MSI and LSI

Basic Device (Diode, resistor, transistor etc)

SSI

MSI

ULSI

VLSI

LSI

Problems in MSI Combinational Circuit:

Combinational circuit to add two four bit numbers: Number of input variable = 9 (4+4+carry) Output variables = 5 (4+carry) Possible combination = (2^9) = 512 i.e truth table has 512 entries !!!!

5-2: Binary Parallel Adder

Ai

Bi

Ci+1

Full Adder

Ci

Si

5-2: Binary Parallel Adder(Cont.)

Initial Carry

Final Carry/ Carry o/p

5-2: Binary Parallel Adder(Cont.)

Application of Parallel Adder (BCD to excess-3)

Problem 5-1: Design an excess-3 to BCD code converter using a 4-bit full adder MSI circuit?

Carry Propagation

generate delay C4 If C1 propagation for each after passing 2X3=8 gate is 10 ns, total delay = 8X10 gates = 80 ns Ci generate Ci+1 after passing 2 gates For an N bit parallel adder, propagation delay= 2N X delay for each gate

How we can solve this problem????

Look ahead Carry Generator

Carry Propagate

Carry Generate

Ci+1 = Gi+PiCi
C2 = G1+P1C1 C3 = G2+P2C2 = G2+P2 (G1+P1C1) = G2+P2G1+ P2 P1C1 C4 = G3+P3C3 = G3+P3 (G2+P2G1+ P2 P1C1) = G3+P3G2+ P3 P2G1+ P3 P2 P1 C1

C2 = G1+P1C1 C3 = G2+P2C2 = G2+P2 (G1+P1C1) = G2+P2G1+ P2 P1C1 C4 = G3+P3C3 = G3+P3 (G2+P2G1+ P2 P1C1) = G3+P3G2+ P3 P2G1+ P3 P2 P1 C1

4 bit full adders with look-ahead carry

Decimal Adder (BCD Adder)

If we add two decimal digit, maximum result is 9+9+1 = 19 We have to design this circuit

Binary Sum

Adder Circuit

Binary to BDC converter

Display

For 0 to 9 Binary sum If k=1, BCD sum = and BCD sum is same Binary sum +6

OR,If Z8 X Z4 =1, BCD sum = Binary sum +6 OR,If Z8 X Z2 =1, BCD sum = Binary sum +6

Logic, C= K+Z8 Z4+ Z8 Z2

If C= 0, Binary sum = BCD sum And if C=1, BCD Sum = Binary Sum +6

Logic, C= K+Z8 Z4+ Z8 Z2