1.

1.1
1.2
1.3

4
5
6
8

2. Albert Khan

11

3. Robert Flaherty

13

4. To -

16

5. :
Boas Bateson

17

5.1

.
Mead Bateson .

20

6.

23

6.1
6.2

24
26

30

31

, The Ax Fight Asche.

1.
,

, :
, , , , ,
,
, .

.
,
(De Brigard, Chiozzi, Mattioli)
Clifford Geertz
.
, , .
Geertz


.
, ,
,
(Clemente, 1990).


.
,
,
.

vademecum

() ,
,

,
,

,
. ,
,

,
: ,
, ,
.

,
.
......

1.1 :
28 1895, "Salon Indien" Louis e
Auguste Lumire La Sortie des usines Lumire,
. ,

, .

.
,
, , Lumire
.
, ,

, George Mlies,

, .

. 1896
Path Frres, , 1900,
.
1903 Path, Louis Lumire
cinmatoghraphe
.
cinmatoghraphe

.
1859 Thomas Hooman du Month
Louis Arthur Ducos de Hauron 1864. 1874
Pierre Jules Csar Janssen,

.
, , 19
, ,
.

, .

.
.

1.2

1870

Edward James Muybridge,

,
.
, 1882, , Jules-Etienne Marey,

. ,

Marey,
,
, .
(

(Carpitella 1986). Marey

:
" Marey
, ,
,
, ,

,

" (Tosi, 1986).
Marey
,
Flix-Louis Rgnault

(Chiozzi 1983, Mattioli 1991),

,
. Rgnault, 1895,

,
Woolof. Rgnault

:
Woolof, Fulani Diola.
1900
,
:

.
,
.

(Tosi 1986).

1912, Rgnault

. ,
Rgnault ,
,
:

,

(Regnault 1933) (Chiozzi 1983).

1.3

1898
Torres, Alfred Cort Haddon,
. "Cambridge Anthropological Expedition",
Haddon :
Charles George Seligman (1873-1940) William Halse Rivers (1864-1922).
:

(Fabietti 1991).

Haddon
,
,
,
Edward Burnett Tylor
1871:
" , ,
, , , , ,

(Tylor 1920:1).

Torres:

Torres, ,
, , .
,
, W. H. Rivers, ,

. (de Brigard 1989:24).
, , ,
( ),
,
,
, ,
. Brigard :


.

,

50

.
Haddon

:
Haddon 1902
Rudolf Poch Cambridge
Haddon, 1904 1906
- ,
.
,
Nelson,
Hanuabada,
,
Poch
.
1960 .

19 . Walter Baldwin Spencer,
, 1887
. 1894 Spencer
F.J. Gillen, Alice Springs
. Gillen Spencer
,
Sir James
George Frazer,
1908
Liverpool.
, ,
, , ,
Spencer
.
Gillen, Spencer 35
mm ,
.
,
Spencer ,
,
Australian Commonwealth Film Unit, 1967.

Brooke Nichools
Native Australia, 1922,

. -
Eyre Wanngganuru.
. , Aboriginal
Corroborees, ,
Wanngganuru
. , Women at Work and Play,
, . ,
Aboriginal Implements and Weapons,
.

Arts and Craft,

10

:
.
Pearls and Savage, 1920
1923, Frank Hurley
.
1920 1921
,
.
55 ,

. Hurley
1924:
,
.

2. Albert Khan
Rgnault,
,
, .
Albert Khan
Centre de Documentation Sociale
Archives de la Planete, Jean Brunhes,
Collge de France,
Khan. Archives de la
Plnete

Khan.
, 140.000
72.000
Lumire 1904.

Brunhes.

,
.
,

11

Khan, 30 .
Khan :
,
,
.
Khan

,

" (Chiozzi 1983).
,
, .
, Emile de Brigard
.

,

. ,
, ,
,
. ,

,
,
:
W. D Hambly, Melville Herskrovitz, Patrick O'Reilley
Marcel Griaule, ,

. (De
Brigard 1975).

12

3. H Robert Flaherty
Robert Joseph Flaherty Iron Mountain Michigan 16

1884,

1850.

Baffin,

Mackenzie
. Flaherty

Belcher,
Baffinland.
Flaherty

.
Baffinland
, .
Flaherty
.
1920
. Revillon Frres

.
15 Flaherty
Frances Innusuk,
Duferin, Hudson
.
,
1922 Capitol
, Flaherty
.

13

. Flaherty
: , ,
, igloo, ,

,

:
Flaherty
,
.
,

, .

,
(
)
,
(Napolitano,1975).
Flaherty

, Rouch
:
,
,
Flaherty,

(Sardan 1971:1).
Flaherty

.
.
.
.
.
"kablunah"
(Flaherty) "aggie" () "ivuik" ().

14

, , :
. .
. . . : ,
!. . ,
, , .
,
:
"Ivuik,! Ivuik !". .
.
"! !" . .
. ,
.
" . !" . " .. "
.
.
.
, "ivuik aggie".

.
.
. , aggie

. (Griffith 1953).
Chiozzi
, Flaherty
:
Flaherty,

,
,

(Chiozzi 1984).

15

4. To -
( . ) -
, ,
1922 - (-).


-,

: -.
.

.
.
.
,
, .
,
, ,
... - ,
,
: . (Vertov 1923).


. ,
. : (1924)
(1929) ,
, (1926) ,
.

.
Hans Richter Jean Vigo,
1929 ,

, .

16

5. :
Boas Bateson
1930 .
Franz Boas 16mm Kawakitul
. Boas
, 70 ,
.

.
,

,
Boas.
Franz Boas

Boas
.
Boas
Kawakiutl.


.
.
Boas

Kawakiutl,

,
Margaret Mead Gregory
Bateson

.

,

Boas

performance
. (Chiozzi 1983:29)

17

, Boas
Flaherty.
,

Boas

,
.
Boas, Margaret Mead , Gregory
Bateson,

Haddon Cambridge,
corpus .
1936,

. 25.000
22.000
16mm. Bateson
,

.
"

( )

, Gregory

)
, Made Kaler,
,

". (Mead, 1977, Operti
1991).
Marvin Harris

. "
Mead ,
. , ,

18

,

,
,
.

Mead " (Harris 1971: 560).

,
Sepik, ,
Iatmul
.
Films on character formation in different cultures, a cura dell'Institute for
Intercultural Studies.


trance , , .
Bateson Mead
,

.
Mead

, Learning to Dance in Bali,

1978 1988 Margaret Mead Festival 1989
Festival dei Popli .
,
. ,
Mario Tabanan, Keybar,
, Karba.
Karba
. Mario
. , Mario
Keybar,
gamelan.
Mead
,

19

.
, Visual anthropology in a Discipline of Word:
" ,
,
.

,
.
,
,
". (Mead 1975: 10).

5.1 .
Mead Bateson .
Gerald Sullivan Margaret Mead, Gregory Bateson and
Highland Bali: Fieldwork Photographs
of Bayung Ged, 1936-1939
200
.
Margaret Mead Gregory
Bateson Bali
1936. Walter
Spies,
.
Mead
Bateson
Mead
, Nang Karma. 30
1936

Bayung Ged: " ,

,

."

Mead Bateson
, Mead, " [ ]

[]

". Bayung Ged (

)

20

.
Bayung Ged, .
, .
, ,
, . ,
, , ,
, , ,
, .
Bayung Ged
1917.
. .

.
,
Mead

Nang Karma
(30 1936).

.
Mead
. , Bateson
.

( ) 20
1936. ,
, . Mead

21

Mad Kaler's

.
Bayung Ged
.

- . Mead
Bateson - .
Mead Bateson Bayung Ged,
, Katung, .
Bayung Ged Katung ,
.
Sukawana, ,
Bayung Ged .
Katung . Mad Kaler 20
,

Bayung

Ged,

:
Pasek Kayu Selem
Pasek Gelgel. ,
,
Pasek Kayu
Selem;


. Pasek Gelgel

The Ax Fight,

Gelgel Klungkung. Mead Bateson,

Mad Kaler,
. Bateson
.
.
.
, Bayung Ged.

22

,
.
. ,
.
.

6.
Claudine de France L'antropologie filmique: une
gense difficile mais prometteur1 ( :

),

.
Claudine de France
Anthropologie et Cinma

-
.

,
(
)
, .
,
Du film ethnographique lanthropologie filmique (
)2,
Formation de Recherches Cinmatographiques,
Paris XNanterre.

(,

, ), -

ER.C., Jean Rouch Claudine de

Claudine de France L'antropologia filmica: una genesi difficile ma promettente.

Du film ethnographique l'anthropologie filmique, Editions des archives contemporaines, 1994.

23

France3, , ,
.
6.1

,
.
, .
,
.
Cinma et Antropologie4, Claudine de France,

. ,
:
,
,
, ,
, .
,

, ,
.
,
,
:

( )

,

, ,
.

Claudine de France, Andr Leroi-Gourhan, C.N.R.S.,

F.R.C. ", ,
" Paris X-Nanterre.
4
Claudine de France, Cinma et anthropologie, Maison des Sciences de l'Homme, , 1982.

24

,


.

. ,
,

.
,

.
,
,
.


.

.
,
,
.
,
5.

,
.



.

""

, ""
.

25

, ,
(, )
.
,


.

,
,

, ,
.
,
,

Claudine de France

,
.

6.2
,
, ,


,
, .

Claudine
de France :
" Nanterre"

26

( ;)
: , , .

,
,
. Margaret
Mead, ,
, sul condizionamento aprioristico, sull'insieme della ricerca antropologica,
implicito nella predominanza della scrittura come mezzo di comunicazione.

. : a priori
,
. Margaret Mead
6.

, , ,
,

,
, ,

/ /
.
, ,
.

,
. ,
, -
,

, .

, , ,
6

Margaret Mead, "Visual anthropology in a discipline of words", Principles of visual anthropology

(1975).

27

. ,
,

.

, .

,
.

. ,
, .
,
, ,
,
. ,

. ,
.
.

,
, .

, ,
, ,
. , ,
,
.

,
.

, , ,

28

,
,
. , ,

, , .) ,
,
. ,
(, ,
.), .

, ,
-.
,


,
, .
.
, ,
.
,

,
.

Flaherty, Nanook of the north (1922)
Grierson, Drifters (1929)
Margaret Mead e Gregory Bateson, Balinese Character (1936-1939)
Jean Rouch, Au pays des mages noir (1947), ,
Jean Rouch, Cronique dun t (1960)
Ian Dunlop, Desert People (1966),
John Marshall, The Hunters (1958), !Kung, Botswana
John Marshall, N/um Tchai, the Cerimonial Dance of the !Kung Bushmen (1966), !Kung,
Botswana
John Marshall, Bitter Melons (1971), !Kung, Botswana
Timothy Asch, The Feast (1969), Yanomamo, /
Timothy Asch, The Ax Fight (1975), Yanomamo, /
Asen Balikci, film della serie The Natsilik Eskimo, Natsilik, ()
Robert Gardner, Dead Birds (1963) Papuani, /
Robert Gardner, Sons of Shiva (1985),
Robert Gardner, Forest of Bliss (1986),
Judith e David MacDougall, To Live with Herds (1972), Jie,
Judith e David MacDougall, Kenya Boran (1974), Boran,
Judith e David MacDougall, Tempus de Baristas, ,

29

30

Chiozzi P, Antropologia Visulale, Casa Usher, Firenze 1983.

De Brigard E., "Breve storia del film etnografico", in AA.VV, Realt dell'Uomo.
Cinema e antropologia, Il Nuovo Spettatore 12, Franco Angeli Editore,
Milano, 1989.
Griffith R, The world of Robert Flaherty, Duell. Sloan e Pearce, N. Y.1953
Mattioli F., Sociologia Visuale, Nuova eri, 1991.
Harris M, L'evoluzione del pensiero antropologico, Il Mulino, Bologna, 1971.
Napolitano, Flaherty, La nuova Italia, I Castori, 1975.
Operti 1991
Sardan J P.O., Ou va la cinma ethnographique, L'ethnographique, 65: 1-11,
1971
Tosi V, "A proposito della scientificit del film etnologico" Bollettino AICS
(Associazione italiana cinematografia scientifica), 1980.
Itinerari di antropologia visuale, Eurograf, Roma, 1993, pp. 8-28.
De France Claudine, Cinma et anthropologie, Maison des Sciences de l'Homme,
, 1982.
De France Claudine, Anthropologie et Cinma,
Margaret Mead, "Visual anthropology in a discipline of words", Principles of
visual anthropology (1975).
.VV., Du film ethnographique l'anthropologie filmique, Editions des archives
contemporaines, 1994.
Dziga Vertov, Manifeste de Vertov, cin-oeil,1923
U. Fabietti (1991), Storia dell'antropologia, Zanichelli, , 1991
Harris, Stephen G. 1971. "A local government council sponsored vernacular
literacy programme." Papua New Guinea Journal of Education 7: 42-48.
CARPITELLA DIEGO, Musica e tradizione orale, Palermo, Flaccovio, 1986.