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UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
What is Curriculum.
Here are multiple definitions of curriculum,
Curriculum is:
That which is taught in schools A set of subjects. Content A program of studies. A set of materials A sequence of courses.
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
What is Curriculum.
A set of performance objectives A course of study Is everything that goes on within the school, including extra-class activities, guidance, and interpersonal relationships. Everything that is planned by school personnel. A series of experiences undergone by learners in a school. That which an individual learner experiences as a result of schooling (Oliva, 1997, 4).
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
(What content, processes and methods are you going to use to deliver instruction and information?)
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
In order to create effective curriculum, we can use These questions as a place to get started, and then use the others as a way to monitor instructional relevancy and applicability.
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
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CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
What is to be taught? 1. Objectives*
What content, processes and methods are you going to use to deliver instruction and information?)
How do you know you taught the 3. Measurement and Evaluation content or process successfully? ) *Objectives, are usually specific statements of educational intention which delineate either general or specific outcomes.
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
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Objectives
Objectives, are usually specific statements of educational intention which delineate either general or specific outcomes. Objectives can be written in a number of ways. Currently, most objectives are written in behavioral terms. Behavioral objectives usually employ observable verbiage and can be divided into specific domains -- cognitive, affective, and physical.
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
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Objectives
Samples: Cognitive: Students will identify and list 5 slang terms they have heard from their peers. Affective: Student will choose 3 of the most offensive slang terms from a list developed by the entire class. Physical: Students will create expressive gestures to go with their favorite slang terms.
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
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Objectives
Benjamin Bloom, identified three domains of educational activities: Cognitive: mental skills (Knowledge) Affective: growth in feelings or emotional areas (Attitude) Psychomotor: manual or physical skills (Skills) In other words, domains of human learning are; cognitive (knowing, head), affective (feeling, heart) and psychomotor (doing, hand/body).
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Objectives
The resulting efforts yielded a series of taxonomies in each area. A taxonomy is really just a word for a form of classification. Taxonomy deals with the varied aspects of human learning and are arranged hierarchically proceeding from the simplest functions to those that are more complex.
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
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Objectives
The Cognitive Domain: In the following table is the taxonomy of cognition. This, entitled Blooms, is based on the original work of Benjamin Bloom. This taxonomy is over 50 years old.
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
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3. Application: The ability to use learned material, or to implement material in new and concrete situations.
4. Analysis: The ability to break down or distinguish the parts of material into its components so that its organizational structure may be better understood.
5. Synthesis: The ability to put parts together to form a coherent or unique new whole.
6. Evaluation: The ability to judge, check, and even critique the value of material for a given purpose.
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
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2. Responding This refers to the learners' active attention to stimuli and his/her motivation to learn - acquiescence, willing responses, or feelings of satisfaction.
3. Valuing This refers to the learner's beliefs and attitudes of worth - acceptance, preference, or commitment. An acceptance, preference, or commitment to a value.
4. Organization This refers to the learner's internalization of values and beliefs involving (1) the conceptualization of values; and (2) the organization of a value system. As values or beliefs become internalized, the leaner organizes them according to priority.
5. Characterization - the Internalization of values This refers to the learner's highest of internalization and relates to behavior that reflects (1) a generalized set of values; and (2) a characterization or a philosophy about life. At this level the learner is capable of practicing and acting on their values or beliefs.
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
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UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
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http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/bloom.html
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
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In order for information literacy programs to be effective, they must be truly integrated into the core curricula ( IL should be woven into content, structure, and sequence of the curriculum)
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
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It is best developed within the context of the academic curriculum, rather than as a separate add-on removed from the subject content
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It is suggested that students are more likely to recognise the relevance and importance of information literacy if teaching is delivered at the point of need, affiliated with their own subject, and included in assessment
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We should remember
Curriculum should be developed with curriculum designers, teachers and librarians
Principles, rules and theories on curriculum desing are best known by curriculum designers Language and conceptual levels of students are best known by teachers Cooperation in the development of instructional material Subject matter on IL are best known by librarians
UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop September 3-5 Ankara Turkey
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We should remember
IL instruction without an assignment does not achieve the purpose Making connections and building up the relations is important
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References
Bloom B. S. (1956). T a x o n o m y o f E d u c a t i o n a l O b j e c t i v e s , H a n d b o o k I : T h e C o g n i t i v e D o m a i n . New York: David McKay Co Inc. Dave, R. H. (1975). D e v e l o p i n g a n d W r i t i n g B e h a v i o u r a l O b j e c t i v e s . (R J Armstrong, ed.) Educational Innovators Press. Harrow, Anita (1972) A t a x o n o m y o f p s y c h o m o t o r d o m a i n : a g u i d e f o r d e v e l o p i n g b e h a v i o r a l o b j e c t i v e s . New York: David McKay. Krathwohl, D. R., Bloom, B. S., & Masia, B. B. (1973). T a x o n o m y o f E d u c a t i o n a l Objectives, the Classification of Educational Goals. Handbook II: A f f e c t i v e D o m a i n . New York: David McKay Co., Inc. Oliva, P. (1997) The curriculum: Theoretical dimensions. New York: Longman.
http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/bloom.html
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Thank you
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