PATHOPHYSIOLOGY of NEPHROLITHIASIS

AGENT - Excessive Intake of Ca (milk) / Hypercalcemia - Male

HOST

ENVIRONMENT - Family history of renal disease

- Low intake of H2O

Supersaturation of urine with increased calcium

Low urinary flow

May produce excess amounts of mucoprotein in the bladder or the kidney

Allowing crystallites to be deposited and trapped forming calculi or stones

Urine (upon voiding) moves tiny stones to the ureter

Large stones

Tiny stones

Blocks the ureter Causes spasm Makes urines turbidity cloudy

Becomes nidus for bacteria

Low urine output or dysuria Painful urination or dysuria

Injures the wall of the ureter

Urinary Tract Infection

Blood or RBCs combine with urine or hematuria

Hgb count Causes WBC count