Chapter 24 – “The Rise of Dictators”

From The Roaring Twenties to the Great Depression

1920 – Galveston Island – Swim suit review

Why did the League of Nations Fail?
1. US Rejected the League
2. Americans didn’t want to
get involved in European
affairs (Isolationism)
3. League had no means of
enforcement
A Weak League of Nations
Roaring ‘20’s
Video: The Roaring Twenties!
The
War
Debt
 Inflation in Germany
–Hit by hyperinflation and
unemployment
–1914 4.2 marks=$1
–1923 4.2 trillion marks=$1
– 1918 bread less than 1mark
– 1923 bread = 200 Billion Marks
*42 billion marks to the penny
Food shortages and
inflation
Burning
German
Marks
for heat
Hunger Marches in London, 1932
 The Treaty of Locarno
• Established International
boundaries established
• Promises of peace

From left to right, 

Gustav Stresemann, 
Austen Chamberlain and 
Aristide Briand 
during the
Locarno negotiations in
Switzerland
1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact
(Frank Kellogg: U. S. Sec. of State)

1. Almost every nation signed

2. Promised to renounce war
except for self defense
3. No enforcement
Kellogg-Briand Pact
The Great Depression in America
The Great Depression
The Great
Depression
During the Great Depression, many
people had to resort to desperate
measures
• Depression: period of low economic
activity and rising unemployment
Causes of the Great
Depression
1. Economic
Downturns caused
by overproduction
2. The U.S. Stock
Market Crash
3. US aid to Europe
dried up
Black Thursday
Oct. 24, 1929

Wave of selling
The Great Crash
Banks fold
 Results of the Great Depression
1. Increased Government
Activity in the Economy
2. Renewed interest in Marxism
and other extreme ideas
3. Led people to follow dictatorial
leaders
John
Maynard
Keynes

(pronounced
‘keɪnz)

British Economist: 1936

Keynes Said:
1. Unemployment came from decline
of demand, not overproduction
2. Govt. = Public Works & Deficit
Spend until economy heals
3. Ignored in Britain, adopted by
Franklin Roosevelt in USA
Unemployment = 15 Million

In the US Unemployment in those three

years soared from 3.2 percent to 24.9
percent
Hoovervilles: shantytowns
The Dustbowl
1932
Franklin
Delano
Roosevelt
Beat
Herbert
Hoover in a
Landslide
FDR: “The New Deal”
FDR
Inauguration:
“The only
thing we
have to FDR Campaign Slogan:

fear is, “Happy Days

fear are Here
itself.” Again!”
Fireside Chats: informal talks on radio
to reassure the people
Eleanor
Roosevelt

Best 1st
Lady
Ever?
What’s The (New) Deal?
 Get to work
programs;
Government
Sponsored Jobs
• Tennessee Valley Authority
 The New Deal…
1. Is based on the ideas of
Keynes
2. Restored confidence
3. …But Depression hung
on until WWII
The New Deal – 4min
Ch. 24 Rise of Dictators
The West Between the Wars
 Man of the year 1938:
Adolf Hitler

The
West “…Hitler became
Between in 1938 the
greatest
the Wars threatening force
1919 - that the
1939 democratic,
freedom-loving
world faces
today.”