1.

6 Measuring Tools

Length is the distance

between two points

Measuring length Definition of Length

Forms of length :
thickness, height, depth and breadth

Units of Length

Long distance km Short distance cm ,mm S.I. unit length m

1. Tools to measure length

Tools for measuring length

Uses

accuracy

1. Metre rule

to measure the length of 0.1 cm short straight lines 2. Measuring to measure the length of tape long straight lines

3. Thread and metre rule

to measure the length of a curved line

<figure textbook p6 26>

1. Tools to measure length

Tools for measuring length

Uses
to measure the external diameter of a sphere or cylindrical object

accuracy

4. External calipers

5. Internal calipers

to measure the internal diameter of a cylindrical object

1. Tools to measure length

Tools for measuring length

Uses

accuracy

6. opisometer to measure the length of 0.1cm a curved line 7. Vernier Very short lengths 0.01 cm calipers

8.

2. Measuring area
Area is a two-dimensional .. S.I unit for area Unit of area cm2, m2, km2
1.Method 1 estimating by graph

i- triangle is regular shape

Figure page 28

Number of squares counted= Area of each square= Estimated area of the shape=

ii- bubble is irregular shape

Figure page 28 Number of squares counted=
Area of each square=

Estimated area of the shape=

The method is as follows:

Trace the shapes onto the graph paper with a pencil. Count the number of complete squares covered by the
shape.

An incomplete square is counted if half or more of the

square is covered.

Do not count an incomplete square if less than half of the

square is covered.

2. Measuring area
Method 2 estimating area by formula for regular shape only
Figure page 28 Area of triangle= x b x h =x6x4 = 12 cm 2

2. Measuring area
Figure bulatan dengan jejari 2 cm Area of circle= = r2
= x 2 cm x 2 cm = 12.6 cm2

Figure trapezium

Area of trapezium= = (a + b) x h

3. Measuring volume

Volume is three-dimensional space

volume of a liquid usually in litres (l) or
occupied by an object Unit for volume mm3,cm3, m3 millilitres (ml). 1 l = 1000 ml

S.l. unit volume is cubic metre (m3).

3. Measuring volume of liquid

Tools for measuring volume

Uses

accuracy

1. Measuring to measure the volume cylinder of liquids

2. Burette

to measure a small volume of liquids accurately

0.1 cm3

3. Measuring volume of liquid

Tools for measuring volume of liquid

Uses

accuracy

3. Pipette

4. Suction pump

to measure a fixed 0.1 cm3 volume of liquids accurately Use a suction pump to suck liquid into a pipette.

Do not use mouth.

3. Measuring volume of solid

1.METHOD 1 - volume of small irregular objects can be determined by the displacement method using a measuring cylinder

3. Measuring volume of solid

Water displacement method using measuring cylinder

1.The volume of the stone = __________ cm3 2.The volume of 2 corks = __________ cm3 3.The volume of 1 cork = __________ cm3

More example

3. Measuring volume of solid

1.METHOD 2- volume of larger irregular objects can be measured using a large displacement can or Eureka can

3. Measuring volume of solid

1.Fill the displacement can with water. Let the excess water drain away until it settles at the spout
2.Place an empty measuring cylinder below the spout to capture the water displaced by the volume of the object lowered into the can. Read the volume of water in the measuring cylinder.

3. Measuring volume of solid

1.METHOD 3 - volume of some objects with regular shape can be calculated using the formulae Shape Formula for volume 1. Cuboid
V= l x b x h

3. Measuring volume of solid

Shape 2. Cylinder Formula for volume
V = r2h

3. Sphere V = 4/3 r3

3. Measuring volume
Shape
4. Cone V = 1/3 r2h

Formula for volume