PIPELINE ENGINEERING GROUP

OFFSHORE PIPELINES DESIGN KBR has over 50 years of direct involvement in

pipeline engineering and construction management activities.

Feasibility to Detailed Design

Field Development

provides integrated solutions for worldwide pipelines in: Feasibility engineering to detailed design Fit-for-purpose design Program/project management & EPCM engineering Procurement, logistics and support engineering Construction management

KBR

EPC Contract

KBR is at the forefront of technological

advances by adopting innovative design and lateral thinking and by driving for advanced technology where appropriate.
Limit State Design

PIPELINE ENGINEERING GROUP

OFFSHORE PIPELINES DESIGN

KBR has successfully used the following state

of the art technologies in pipeline engineering: Detailed FE based seismic analysis of pipelines Detailed FE based pipelines seabed subsidence analysis Various methods of mitigation of pipelines with lateral buckling tendency Implementation of snake-lay configuration ECA for allowable weld defect using CRACKWISE Risk based wall thickness design Fully integrated reliability assessment
Platform and Pipelines in Earthquake Zone

KBR employs the following innovative

methodology in the design of pipeline systems: Advanced on-bottom stability analysis of pipeline subject to cyclonic loading Detailed FE based pipe/soil interaction analysis Upheaval buckling analysis of flexible flowlines Fishing gear Interaction: impact, pullover, snagging and hooking Finite element based integrity assessment of pipeline with defects Fatigue strength assessment of pipeline allowing in-line and cross-flow vibration

Fishing Gear Interaction

PIPELINE ENGINEERING GROUP

ADVANCED ANALYSIS
has comprehensive expertise spanning several decades in advanced analyses using a combination of in-house and commercial software for the study of complex pipeline phenomena in 2-D and 3-D. has gained recognition and eminence in the global pipeline industry in the following areas through expert and pioneering application of advanced analysis methods:-

KBR

KBR

Pipe-Soil Interaction

Pipe-Soil Interaction As part of lateral buckling simulation work KBR has developed explicit 3-D methods of modelling pipe-soil interaction effects using state-of-the-art large strain and adaptive meshing FE technology. Effect of pipe embedment on lateral soil resistance can be determined.
Lateral Buckling

Lateral Buckling Simulation of whole sequence of lateral buckling phenomena, including cyclic operation, enabling informed selection of most appropriate design options for achieving controlled lateral buckling.

Lateral Soil Resistance

PIPELINE ENGINEERING GROUP

ADVANCED ANALYSIS
Upheaval Buckling The explicit simulation of pipe-soil interaction techniques are also used to provide detailed simulation of the passive and active resistances of backfill soils in predictions of upheaval buckling of trenched and buried pipelines.

Failure Mode of PIP System

Composite Bending of PIP

KBR

carries out simulation of composite bending behaviour of various Pipe-in-Pipe systems and predictions of ultimate capacity with explicit representation of misalignments at field joints to evaluate specific modes of failure.

Upheaval Buckling

Behaviour of Concrete Coating

KBR

uses 3-D non-linear FE simulation of the combined tensile micro-cracking, compressive crushing and shear failure behaviour of loosely reinforced concrete coatings to predict strain concentrations at field joints situated at the crowns of lateral buckles, or local energy absorption in trawl gear impact scenarios.
Concrete Coating in Bending

PIPELINE ENGINEERING GROUP

ADVANCED ANALYSIS

Plastic Limit Load Trawl Gear Impact

Plastic Limit Loads

Trawl Gear Interaction

KBR

KBR analyses the complete sequence of events

during trawl gear impact scenarios, from initial local denting of the pipe wall to subsequent global bending of the pipeline under pullover forces, using elastic-plastic, frictional contact and large deformation non-linear finite element models of actual trawl gear/pipe geometries.

uses non-linear finite element methods to predict the plastic limit loads under the unique loading conditions of laterally buckling pipelines, with explicit representations of weld yield mismatch, defects, axial misalignments and pipe wall thickness mismatch.

Failure Assessment Curve

ECA Assessments Results of non-linear finite element analyses of plastic limit loads are incorporated into general ECA calculations of critical crack size envelopes based on internationally recognised procedures, such as BS7910.
A Typical Assessment Point

No Failure
Cut-off

Failure Assessment Diagram

PIPELINE ENGINEERING GROUP

ADVANCED ANALYSIS
Seismic Ground Shaking The explicit simulation of pipe-soil interaction techniques are also used at KBR to predict progressive self-burial of surface-laid offshore pipelines during severe ground shaking induced by seismic events, in soft clay seabed conditions. The implications of this further embedment of the pipelines on subsequent service, especially for designs based on controlled buckle concepts, are considered.

S-Lay Simulation

Pipelay Simulation

KBR

analyses the complete offshore pipelay sequences, from initial simple development of pipeline catenary to the study of unforeseen barge movements in severe sea states, using elasticplastic, frictional contact and large deformation non-linear finite element models.

Pipe Embedment in Soft Clay Before Earthquake

In these models, values of the top lay tension, axial and lateral soil resistances, barge stinger geometry, touchdown contact pressure, mean sea level, pipe immersion and submerged weight, seabed topography, wave and current dynamics and associated movements of the barge, can all be independently specified.

Pipe Embedment in Soft Clay After Earthquake

PIPELINE ENGINEERING GROUP

ADVANCED ANALYSIS
Heat Transfer at Spacers on Sleeves

KBR uses FE techniques to predict the transient

temperatures during deployment of by-pass systems over inner and outer sleeves with local temperature details at the contact point of spacer rings also fully evaluated. General surface-tosurface radiation heat transfer (with appropriate view factors) and contact pressure dependent interfacial heat transfer resistances are fully considered.
Temperatures at a PIP Solid Bulkhead

Heat Transfer at Solid PIP Bulkheads

KBR uses finite element simulations to predict the

steady state and transient temperatures at solid bulkheads of Pipe-in-Pipe (PIP) systems. The magnitudes of the enhanced local rates of heat transfer or thermal shorting effects are calculated, together with locally induced thermal stresses.

Transient Temperatures around a Thermal Sleeve

Jet Cooling at ESDV by-pass Systems The transient temperatures during deployment of ESDV by-pass systems and those caused by jet cooling effects are evaluated at KBR in conjunction with CFD techniques. The local cold spot transient temperatures are designed to remain above the minimum specified temperatures of the steel alloy.

Transient Cold Spot due to Local Jet Cooling

PIPELINE ENGINEERING GROUP

INTEGRATED PROJECT MANAGEMENT

P eo ple, pro cesses, systems, c ult ure a nd relatio ns hi ps f o rm the co re o f K B R pro ject ma nag eme nt capabi lities. Our m a nage me nt tea ms f o cus o n de livery in ter ms o f saf ety, sched ule, co st a nd f acility perf o rma nce.

KBR m a nage

wo r k wit h t he rig ht to o ls and q ua lity o f perso nne l f o r each pro ject. We hav e s uccessf ully ma nag ed nume ro us pro jec ts, o f f sho re and o ns ho re, i n t he past 50 years . K B R's success as a pro ject ma nage r is aided by: S af ety Leade rs hip Co mmitme nt Orga nisatio n P la nni ng Co ntro l Decisio n ma ki ng S upp ly

KBR

has e xte nsive e xp erie nc e pro viding Int egra ted P ro ject M a nag eme nt services to o ur clie nts wo rld wid e. T his may i nc lude i nvo lve me nt at a ll stages o f a pro ject lif ecycle, f ro m ince ptio n, i ni tia l f easibility, FE E D desig n and e ngi ne eri ng t hro ug h to co nstr uctio n, pre-co mmissio ni ng a nd co mmissio ni ng.

PIPELINE ENGINEERING GROUP

INTEGRATED PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Client Representation

KBR typica lly o ff ers suppo rt services to clie nt co mpa nies t hat do no t have t he nec essary i n- ho us e E ngi nee ri ng e xpertise or co mpani es wit h limite d int er nal reso urc es.
Utilisi ng t he dep t h o f P ipeline E ngi ne eri ng Gro up i nte r na l e xp ertise a nd ab le to draw upo n f ar-reac hi ng m ulti discip li ne K B R sup po rt we ca n de live r a n unriva lled service.

Onshore Construction

KBR

has e xte nsiv e experie nce i n bo th o ns ho re a nd o f f sho re o peratio ns and i n e ac h ste p o f the o il a nd g as cycle f ro m upstre am to do wnst ream . ca n o f f er clie nt r epres e ntatio n o n a ra nge o f leve ls, as p art o f a bigger pro ject ma nage me nt ro le o r as sta nd a lo ne servic e. ca n pro vide specif ic perso nne l o r targeted e xpe rtise to s upp le me nt a clie nts p ro ject t eam, depe ndi ng o n the specif ic req uir eme nts o f the jo b.
Off Shore Supervision

KBR

KBR

Field Joint Coating

PIPELINE ENGINEERING GROUP

INTEGRATED PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Pre-Commissioning & Commissioning

KBR engineers can provide expert management

Cleaning Operations

and supervision in the pre-commissioning and commissioning field, both onshore and offshore.

Test Header

In partic ular the following areas: Filling Hydrotesting De-watering Drying Cleaning Pigging/gauging Commissioning Start up Test run Intelligent pigging

KBR ca n
Removal of gauging plate

pro vide o n site e xp ertise i n t he inte rpr etatio n o f hydro test res ults.

PIPELINE ENGINEERING GROUP

INTEGRATED PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Construction Engineering
Pipeline Stringing

KBR

o ff er exp erie nc ed a nd pro f essio nal pipeli ne co nst r uctio n e ngi ne eri ng services. In f ield e ngi ne ers ca n ca ll o n t he f ull sup po rt o f the K B R o rga nisatio n f o r ge ner al s uppo rt o r exp ertise i n a sp ecif ic area. T ypically co nstr uctio n se rvices wo uld b e a na t ura l co nti nuatio n o f invo lveme nt at a n ear lier st age o f engi neeri ng.
Mountain Construction

KBR e ngi neers act o n be ha lf of clie nts i n a s upe rviso ry capacity to ens ure strict co mplia nce wit h pro ject r eq uir eme nts i n te rms o f qua lity a nd HS E .
e ngi ne ers lo cated o n site any where i n t he wo r ld ca n c all upo n pro f essio na l e xpe rt advic e f ro m any specialist gro up.
Rock Breaker

KBR

KBR speci alist

gro ups i nc lud e:

Process Engineering Contracts Materials Engineering Procurement Electrical Engineering Equipment Engineering

KBR Pipeline Engineering Group

Tel.: +44 01372 865000 E-Mail: Pipeline.Engineering.Group@Halliburton.com Website: www.kbr.com