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Acknowledgments: English-Speaking
Union, Chiew N Pang
1
Chairperso
st Sp
r
3rd eake n&
Sp
r
ea
ke
2n eake
r
Sp
Timekeeper
ea
1 st
ke
ke
d
r
ke
Sp
ea
d
r
ea
Sp
3r
Op
Sp
ion
r
po
d
it
2n
p os sit
P r o io
n
JUDGES
The order of speeches:
1
Chairperso
st Sp
r
3rd eake
Sp
n&
r
2n eake
ea
3. 1st Proposition
ke
Sp
Timekeeper
ea
1 st
ke
ke
r
ke
Sp
ea
r
4. 1st Opposition
d
ea
Sp
3r
Op
Sp
r
io n po
d
5. 2nd Proposition it
2n
p os sit
6. 2nd Opposition P r o io
n
7. Opposition Summary
8. Proposition Summary
The definition is delivered at the start of the 1st proposition speech and is
very important, although it must be kept brief (about 20-30 seconds).
Without a solid definition, the debate may end up going nowhere, or worse,
all over the place. The definition is a way of making the point of the debate
clear.
Rebuttal
It is important to address the other side’s arguments during your own speech. This is
called ‘rebuttal’. The aim of rebuttal is to undermine the opposition’s case, thus leaving
your case looking even stronger by comparison.
All speakers (except the first proposition) are expected to rebut the other side, even if
their arguments seem very convincing.
Summary Speeches
The aim of the summary speeches is to review the major issues of the debate and
leave a lasting impression in the audience’s (and the judges’) mind that is favourable
to your side.
v DO sum up the major areas of difference between the 2 sides, but DON’T focus
on trivial points or areas where you agreed.
v DON’T just list all the arguments that came up. This won’t show up the areas of
difference and is boring.
v DO refer to some of the points from the floor debate, if they support your
side, or if they were particularly damaging to your case.
v DO make sure your summary is well structured; it’s easy to panic and zigzag
Planning your debate:
Initial brainstorm
v Brainstorm everything you already know about the topic. It’s also important to
think about the other side’s possible arguments.
v Group the thoughts into different areas, and decide which team member will do
further research into each area.
Research
Secondary brainstorm
v After completing your research, brainstorm the topic again, but this time divide
your arguments into pros and cons.
v Note down ALL the arguments you can think of, including the weak ones.
v The first arguments you come up with often provoke questions about what the
motion means. These are useful in determining possible definitions.
Guidelines for Judges
v Total Score: 100 points (40 points each for the 1st & 2nd speeches and 20 points for the
summary).
Main speeches
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© Slides Design:
Chiew N. Pang
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