DISORDERS OF

IMMUNITY I
R. HUGO MARTÍNEZ LOZANO, M.D.

Aug-11-2009.
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: K & U
GENERAL FEATURES
- INNATE & ADAPTIVE
- CELLS & TISSUES
- MECHANISMS (HLA)
DISORDERS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
- HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS
- TYPES
- MECHANISMS
- MEDICAL SIGNIFICANCE!!!
Ref. pp. 194-217 & lecture’s information
Cells?
 , fungi, leptospira
, etc.

TLR-3 Viruses
NK CELLS

-Viruses
-Neoplasia
-Transplant rej.
Cells?
PLASMA CELL
Most prominent
Organelle?
Cell?
Cell?
CLOSE-UP
TONSILS
TISSUE?
Thymus
???
TISSUE?
TISSUE?
BASOPHIL
HLA COMPLEX
n

o HLA & RELATED RISK FOR DISEASES

f
Disease HLA Allele Relative Risk
H
LAnkylosing spondylitis B27 90
A
Postgonococcal arthritis B27 14
w
Acute anterior uveitis B27 14
i
t Rheumatoid arthritis DR4 4
h
Chronic active hepatitis DR3 13
D
i Primary Sjögren syndrome DR3 9
s
e
a
sType-1 diabetes DR3 5
e
DR4 6

DR3/DR4 20
HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS
HYPERSENSITIVITY
REACTIONS
TYPE I
Immediate
reaction
HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION I
 LOCAL:- ATOPY – DERMATITIS
- RHINITIS
- ASTHMA
- URTICARIA
- GASTROINTESTINAL
- ETC.
 SYSTEMIC: ANAPHYLAXIS
HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION II

Opsonins (& C)-mediated phagocytosis

HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION II

Complement (& Fc R)-mediated inflammation

HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION II
SELECTED EXAMPLES OF H.R.-II
 HEMOLYTIC ANEMIAS
 GOODPASTURE SYNDROME
 PEMPHIGUS V.
 INSULIN-RESISTENT DIABETES
 MYASTHENIA GRAVIS
 GRAVES DISESASE
HYDROPS
FETALIS
PENPHYGUS
VULGARIS
HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS III
SOME EXAMPLES
L.E… Skin
REYNAUD’S PHENOMENON
 HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION IV

 TYPES:
- DELAYED (GRANULOMA)
- T-CELL MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY
HYPERSENSITIVITY
REACTION IV
TB
Tuberculous granuloma
QUESTIONS?