1

DATA PROCESSING
Data versus Information
Examples of Data Processing
Stages of Data Processing
More Examples
Data Processing Cycle
2
Data VS Information
120557
Date
12/05/57
Time
12:05:57
Money
$120,557
Data
Information
Fig 1 Information is data given meaning
3
vData
are a collection of facts represented of facts
represented in the form of nos., letters of
words
vInformation
the processed data organized in a
meaningful way which are useful to people
who receive them. Thus, data are
sometimes referred to as the raw materials
from which information is generated
4
Data Processing
vthe processing of converting data into
useful information
vdata processing system
the activities, equipment & personnel
involved
Data Process Information
Fig 2 Data processing
5
Examples of Data Processing Sys.
vOrganizing examination records
the subject teacher collects the marked
examination papers
the subject scores are entered on score sheets
the score sheets are given to the class teacher
the class teacher calculates the total & the average
score of each student
a report card for each student is produced, a
master report sheet for the class is kept for future
reference
6
vPreparing payslips
the details of the hours worked by each employee
are recorded on a time sheet
the data are checked for accuracy & copied onto a
summary sheet
at the end of the month, the documents are given
to the accountant
the accountant works out the wages for each
employee using the total no. of hours worked
payslips are distributed to the employees
7
Stages of Data Processing (5)
vCollection of data
vPreparation of data
vInput of data
vProcessing of data
vOutput of information
8
vCollection of data
data are obtained & gathered from their
source
vPreparation of data
data are made ready for further use
they includes classifying, coding,
rearranging of editing of the raw materials
vInput of data
data are passed to the person or dept.
responsible for processing data
if computer is used, the data are typed into
the computer
9
vProcessing of data
the data are manipulated by sorting,
calculating, updating, etc.
usually, a set of working procedures or
instructions are followed
vOutput of information
the end result is produced in a suitable
format
10
More Examples
vborrowing library books
vat the medical centre
vschool administration
vpreparing monthly gas bills
11
Data Processing Cycle
vData storage
in data processing activities, data are
sometimes not used immediately
hence, they have to be stored for future use
Data Process Information
Storage
Fig 3 Data storage
12
vOutput as input
output data may be used as input, perhaps
at a later date, for another process
e.g., total amt. of monthly wages is
recorded and stored, at the end of the year,
these data are used to produce the yearly
pay summary
Data Process Information
Process Information
Fig 4 Output as input
13
Collection of data
Preparation of data
Input of data
Processing of data
Output of information
Data
Storage
Fig 5 Data processing cycle
14
Key concept questions
vWe use ___ to produce information
v___ is the process data, which have been
organized in a way that is meaningful to the
people who receive them.
vThe process of converting data into useful
information is known as ___.
vThere are five stages of data processing:
_________________________________