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Candidate are required to choose the most suitable alternative and state the justification of the decision made
Format
EXAMPLE 1:
Table 1.1 shows two types of pot and their characteristics.
Type of pot Clay pot Clay handle Clay handle Polymer handle Hotlatet plate 900 J kg-1 C-1 3.5 kg Copper pot
Polymer handle
Table 1.1 (a) What is the meaning of specific heat capacity? Amount of energy to change the temperature
oC or 1 K of 1 kg of mass of a substance by 1
[1 mark]
Type of pot
Clay pot Clay handle Clay handle Polymer handle plate 900 J kg-1 C-1 3.5 kg
Copper pot
Polymer handle
Table 1.1
(b) Based on Table 1.1, state suitable characteristics of the pot if it is to be used for cooking something rapidly. Give reason for the suitability of the characteristics. Copper pot (i) Material of the pot : .. Lower specific heat capacity Reason :..
Type of pot
Clay pot Clay handle Clay handle Polymer handle plate 900 J kg-1 C-1 3.5 kg
Copper pot
Polymer handle
Table 1.1
(b) Based on Table 1.1, state suitable characteristics of the pot if it is to be used for cooking something rapidly. Give reason for the suitability of the characteristics. handle (ii)Material for the handle : Polymer .. Higher specific heat capacity Reason :..
Type of pot
Clay pot Clay handle Clay handle Polymer handle plate 900 J kg-1 C-1 3.5 kg
Copper pot
Polymer handle
Table 1.1
(b) Based on Table 1.1, state suitable characteristics of the pot if it is to be used for cooking something rapidly. Give reason for the suitability of the characteristics. Lower mass (iii)Mass of pot: .. Easy to handle Reason :.. / Less energy used to heat up the pot ..
[2 mark]
Type of pot
Clay pot Clay handle Clay handle Polymer handle plate 900 J kg-1 C-1 3.5 kg
Copper pot
Polymer handle
Table 1.1
(c) The pot are heated by using an electric hot plate of power 800 W. Based on the information in Table 1.1 calculate the time taken to achieve a temperature rise of 90oC for (i) The clay pot Pt = m c (800) t = (3.5)(900) (90) t = 354.4 s [2 marks]
Type of pot
Clay pot Clay handle Clay handle Polymer handle plate 900 J kg-1 C-1 3.5 kg
Copper pot
Polymer handle
Table 1.1
(c) The pot are heated by using an electric hot plate of power 800 W. Based on the information in Table 1.1 calculate the time taken to achieve a temperature rise of 90oC for (ii) The copper pot Pt = m c (800) t = (2.5)(390) (90) t = 109.7 s [2 marks]
Type of pot
Clay pot Clay handle Clay handle Polymer handle plate 900 J kg-1 C-1 3.5 kg
Copper pot
Polymer handle
Table 1.1
(d) Determine the most suitable pot that is safest to handle and can be heated in the shortest period of time. Copper pot .
[1 mark]
EXAMPLE 2:
Figure 2.1 shows a food container used for keeping the food warm. The container is able to maintain the temperature of food for a long time. The container can be moved from one place to another
Table 2.1 shows the characteristics of materials which could be used to make the food container
Charac.
Material
Density kg m-3
Melting point oC
P Q R S T
[1 mark] (b) You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the material in Table 2.1 and hence, determine which material is most suitable to be used to make the food container Explain the suitability of each characteristics in Table 2.1 and hence, determine which material is most suitable to be used to make the container. Justify your choice. [10 marks]
[SPM 2004/P2/SC/3(a)]
Expected answer :
(a) The meaning of melting point: 1 - The temperature at which a substance
changes from solid to liquid
[1 mark] (b) You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the material in Table 2.1 and hence, determine which material is most suitable to be used to make the food container
Explain the suitability of each characteristics in Table 2.1 and hence, determine which material is most suitable to be used to make the container. Justify your choice [10 marks]
[SPM 2004/P2/SC/3(a)]
Format
Table 2.1 shows the characteristics of materials which could be used to make the food container
Charac.
Material
Density kg m-3
Melting point oC
P Q R S T
Expected answer :
(b) Suitable density:
- The density should be low - So that the container is light
Table 2.1 shows the characteristics of materials which could be used to make the food container
Charac.
Material
Density kg m-3
Melting point oC
P Q R S T
Expected answer :
Suitable melting point: - The melting point should be high 2
- So that the container is able to withstand high temperature // does not melt
Table 2.1 shows the characteristics of materials which could be used to make the food container
Charac.
Material
Density kg m-3
Melting point oC
P Q R S T
Expected answer :
Suitable specific heat capacity:
- High specific heat capacity is chosen - The container is heated up slowly
Table 2.1 shows the characteristics of materials which could be used to make the food container
Charac.
Material
Density kg m-3
Melting point oC
P Q R S T
Expected answer :
Suitable thermal conductivity:
- Low thermal conductivity - To minimize the conduction of heat from the food // heat insulator
[1 mark] (b) You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the material in Table 2.1 and hence, determine which material is most suitable to be used to make the food container Explain the suitability of each characteristics in Table 2.1 and hence, determine which material is most suitable to be used to make the container. Justify your choice [10 marks]
[SPM 2004/P2/SC/3(a)]
Table 2.1 shows the characteristics of materials which could be used to make the food container
Charac.
Material
Density kg m-3
Melting point oC
P Q R S T
Expected answer :
Choice of the most suitable material :
- Material R is chosen - Because light container, does not melt when put hot foods, gets heats slowly and heat insulator
EXAMPLE 3:
Diagram 3.1 shows the design and the characteristics of five filament lamps. You are asked to determine the most suitable filament lamp to produce the brightest light.
Filament Nitrogen gas
Tungsten wire, thin and coiled Filament Nitrogen gas Nitrogen at high gas pressure Copper wire, thick and coiled Filament Nitrogen gas Nitrogen at low gas pressure Tungsten wire, thin and coiled Nitrogen gas at low pressure
Copper wire, thin and not coiled Filament Nitrogen Nitrogen gas at high gas pressure
Tungsten wire, thick & not coiled Filament Nitrogen gas at low Nitrogen pressure gas
Diagram 3.1
EXAMPLE 3:
Study the characteristics of the five filament lamp based on the following aspects: (i) Types of filament wire [2marks] (ii) Thickness of filament wire [2marks] (iii) Shape of filament wire [2marks] (iv) Pressure in the bulb [2marks] Explain the suitability of each characteristics of the lamps and then determine the most suitable filament lamp. Give a reason for your choice.
Tungsten wire, thin and coiled Filament Nitrogen gas Nitrogen at high gas pressure Copper wire, thick and coiled Filament Nitrogen gas Nitrogen at low gas pressure Tungsten wire, thin and coiled Nitrogen gas at low pressure
Copper wire, thin and not coiled Filament Nitrogen Nitrogen gas at high gas pressure
Tungsten wire, thick & not coiled Filament Nitrogen gas at low Nitrogen pressure gas
Diagram 3.1
Expected answer:
Suitable types of wire:
- Tungsten is more suitable - It has high melting point /Withstand high temperature // last longer
EXAMPLE 3:
Study the characteristics of the five filament lamp based on the following aspects: (i) Types of filament wire [2marks] (ii) Thickness of filament wire [2marks] (iii) Shape of filament wire [2marks] (iv) Pressure in the bulb [2marks] Explain the suitability of each characteristics of the lamps and then determine the most suitable filament lamp. Give a reason for your choice.
Tungsten wire, thin and coiled Filament Nitrogen gas Nitrogen at high gas pressure Copper wire, thick and coiled Filament Nitrogen gas Nitrogen at low gas pressure Tungsten wire, thin and coiled Nitrogen gas at low pressure
Copper wire, thin and not coiled Filament Nitrogen Nitrogen gas at high gas pressure
Tungsten wire, thick & not coiled Filament Nitrogen gas at low Nitrogen pressure gas
Diagram 3.1
Expected answer:
Suitable thickness of the filament wire:
- Thin wire is more suitable - To give out more heat
EXAMPLE 3:
Study the characteristics of the five filament lamp based on the following aspects: (i) Types of filament wire [2marks] (ii) Thickness of filament wire [2marks] (iii) Shape of filament wire [2marks] (iv) Pressure in the bulb [2marks] Explain the suitability of each characteristics of the lamps and then determine the most suitable filament lamp. Give a reason for your choice.
Tungsten wire, thin and coiled Filament Nitrogen gas Nitrogen at high gas pressure Copper wire, thick and coiled Filament Nitrogen gas Nitrogen at low gas pressure Tungsten wire, thin and coiled Nitrogen gas at low pressure
Copper wire, thin and not coiled Filament Nitrogen Nitrogen gas at high gas pressure
Tungsten wire, thick & not coiled Filament Nitrogen gas at low Nitrogen pressure gas
Diagram 3.1
Expected answer:
Suitable shape of filament wire:
- Coiled filament is more suitable - So that a long wire can be fitted inside the glass bulb // To give out more heat
EXAMPLE 3:
Study the characteristics of the five filament lamp based on the following aspects: (i) Types of filament wire [2marks] (ii) Thickness of filament wire [2marks] (iii) Shape of filament wire [2marks] (iv) Pressure in the bulb [2marks] Explain the suitability of each characteristics of the lamps and then determine the most suitable filament lamp. Give a reason for your choice.
Tungsten wire, thin and coiled Filament Nitrogen gas Nitrogen at high gas pressure Copper wire, thick and coiled Filament Nitrogen gas Nitrogen at low gas pressure Tungsten wire, thin and coiled Nitrogen gas at low pressure
Copper wire, thin and not coiled Filament Nitrogen Nitrogen gas at high gas pressure
Tungsten wire, thick & not coiled Filament Nitrogen gas at low Nitrogen pressure gas
Diagram 3.1
Expected answer:
Suitable pressure in the bulb:
- Contains nitrogen gas at low pressure - The bulb will not burst/explode after lights up for a longer time
EXAMPLE 3:
Study the characteristics of the five filament lamp based on the following aspects: (i) Types of filament wire [2marks] (ii) Thickness of filament wire [2marks] (iii) Shape of filament wire [2marks] (iv) Pressure in the bulb [2marks] Explain the suitability of each characteristics of the lamps and then determine the most suitable filament lamp. Give a reason for your choice.
Tungsten wire, thin and coiled Filament Nitrogen gas Nitrogen at high gas pressure Copper wire, thick and coiled Filament Nitrogen gas Nitrogen at low gas pressure Tungsten wire, thin and coiled Nitrogen gas at low pressure
Copper wire, thin and not coiled Filament Nitrogen Nitrogen gas at high gas pressure
Tungsten wire, thick & not coiled Filament Nitrogen gas at low Nitrogen pressure gas
Diagram 3.1
Expected answer:
Choice of the most suitable lamp:
- R is chosen - Because the filament made of tungsten, using thin and coiled wire and contains nitrogen gas at low pressure