ANEHIT

A. KIN THC C BN V TRNG TM A.1. Cu to, !" #$%!, &'!$ #$(# - Anehit l cht hu c c cha nhm chc CH=O Anehit no, n chc: CnH2n+1CHO ( n 0) hay CmH2mO (m = n +1 1) Cng thc c ! t"o c#a anehit $omic (n = 0): H%CH=O - ng phn: &ng '(i cng thc CmH2mO c) * +o"i ch t ,a!: + Anehit no, n chc: C2H-CHO + .eton no, n chc: CH/-CO-CH/ + 012! ch1a no (1 n3i i), n chc: CH2=CH-CH2OH + 4te ch1a no (1 n3i i): CH2=CH-O-CH/ + 012! '5ng no '6 ete '5ng: H2C % O H2C % CH2 - Danh php Anehit ')*t+,etan'-Cn g thc CH/CH2CH=O Anehit #.o#+o!+, <=o>an'<=o>en'78n hi=ocac@on t1ng ng + '78n thng th19ng 78n :;<AC H2C % CH%OH H2C % CH2

CH/CH=O CH2=CH-CH=O Anehit ',./-+, Anehit + t8n a?it t1ng ng

Copyright V Ngc Bnh, Dy v hc Ho hc

A. 0. T1!$ ,$t 1. T1!$ ,$t 23t -1 - Anehit $omic H-CH=O +6 ch t AhB, Ahng m6!, mCi ?3c Ah) chD!, tan nhiE! t=ong n1(c (F!ng FDch cha G0H HCHO gIi +6 !m!n hay !malin)J CKc anAana+ AhKc E! L thM +NngJ - OhiPt Q ,i: t0,(anehit) R t0,(=12! t1ng ng) Fo anehit Ahng c) +i8n ASt hi=o +i8n >hTn tUJ VB FW: CH/CH=O ,i L 210C c5n CH/CH2OH ,i L XY,/0C)J 0. T1!$ ,$t $4' $5, 0-CH2OH + H2 (Oi, t0) 7Bnh o?i h)a
0

0-CHO

]O^ 7Bnh AhU

0-COOH

a. Tnh oxi h a! tc "#ng v$i H%

Oi, t 0 CH=O + H 2 0 CH2 OH

&. Tnh 'h(! tc "#ng v$i ch)t oxi h a + "#i O$: 0 CH=O +
1 t0 O 2 0 COOH 2

+ V(i Ag%O&'%H& (ph)n ng t*ng g+ng,t 0 CH=O + 2AgOO/ + /OH/ + H2 O 0 COOOHG + 2Ag + 2OHG OO/
0

+ "#i Cu(OH,$'OH. (t/! 01t t2a 3 g/ch,

t 0 CH=O + 2C!(OH) 2 + OaOH 0 COOOa + C!2 O + /H2 O
0

,. 6$7! 8!" ,9!" ')*t/-*! 2HCHO + CHZCH [ CH2OH-CH2-CH2-CH2OH &. 6$7! 8!" t.:!" !";!" 2<+ #$*!o(F1 >heno+, mi t=19ng a?it t"o =a nh\a no'o+ac)

Copyright V Ngc Bnh, Dy v hc Ho hc

OH

OH
+ HCH=O
CH2

OH

(n + 1)

n
Ca(OH) C* H12 O* e. 6$7! 8!" t.:!" $=#> *HCHO
2

A. ?. +@u ,$A 1J O?i h)a =12! @_c 1

t 0 CH 2 OH + C!O 0 CHO + C! + H2 O
0

2J O?i h)a metan: CHG + O2 [ HCHO + H2O /J O?i h)a ety+en: CH 2 =CH 2 + O2 CH/ CHO
Hg`O ,Y0 C CH/ CHO GJ Hi=at h)a a?ety+en: CH CH + H 2 O
G 0

1 2

Copyright V Ngc Bnh, Dy v hc Ho hc

6HN BCDI BI TE6 ANEHIT

A. CF HGI BH THFIT C%u 1: CT! n6o ,a! Ty +6 cT! J$K!" L!" AJ H2> ch t ha! c c) cha nh)m bCHO +i8n ASt '(i H +6 anehitJ cJ Anehit 'da thM hiPn tBnh AhU, 'da thM hiPn tBnh o?i h)aJ CJ H2> ch t 0-CHO c) thM iE! chS 12c td 0-CH2OH eJ 7=ong >hTn tU anehit, cKc ng!y8n tU chf +i8n ASt '(i nha! @gng +i8n ASt C%u 0: 78n gIi n6o c#a CH2=CH-CH=O ,a! Ty +6 J$K!" hngi AJ anehit a++y+ic CJ anehit ac=y+ic cJ >=o>ano+ CJ ac=y+anehit

C%u ?: Anehit a?etic )ng 'ai t=5 ch t o?i h)a t=ong >hjn ng n6o ,a! Tyi AJ CH / CH=O +
1 t0 O2 CH/ COOH 2
0

t CH/ COOOHG + 2Ag + 2OHG OO/ cJ CH/ CH=O + 2AgOO/ + /OH/ + H2 O t CH/ COOOa + C!2 O + /H2 O CJ CH/ CH=O + 2C!(OH)2 + OaOH Oi, t CH/ CH2 OH eJ CH / CH=O + H2
0 0

C%u M: CT! n6o ,a! Ty J$K!" hngi AJ Anehit cQng hi=o t"o th6nh anco+ @_c mQtJ cJ Anehit tKc FWng '(i F!ng FDch @"c nit=at t=ong amoniac ,inh =a @"c Aim +o"iJ CJ Anehit no, n chc c) cng thc >hTn tU tkng l!Kt CnH2n+2OJ eJ mhi tKc FWng '(i hi=o, ?eton @D AhU th6nh anco+ @_c ::J C%u N: 7h t\ tnng Fon nhiPt Q ,i c#a cKc ch t anehit >=o>ionic (.)p >=o>an (q)p =12! ety+ic (r) '6 imety+ ete (7) +6: AJ . R q R r R 7 CJ r R 7 R . R q cJ 7 R . R q R r es q R 7 R . R r

Copyright V Ngc Bnh, Dy v hc Ho hc

C%u O: 7=ong cng nghiP>, anehit $omic 12c iE! chS t=\c tiS> td AJ =12! ety+ic cJ =12! mety+ic CJ a?it $omic eJ mety+ a?etat C%u P: Cho G ch t: @enten, metano+, >heno+, anehit $omicJ 7h t\ cKc h)a ch t 12c FCng M >hTn @iPt G ch t t=8n +6: AJ n1(c @=om, F!ng FDch AgOO/uOH/p Oa cJ F!ng FDch AgOO/uOH/p Oap n1(c @=om CJ F!ng FDch AgOO/uOH/p n1(c @=omp Oa eJ Oap n1(c @=omp F!ng FDch AgOO/uOH/ C%u Q: .vt cKc +o"i ch t ha! c m"ch hL ,a!: 012! n chc no (.), anehit n chc, no (q), =12! n chc Ahng no 1 n3i i (r)p anehit n chc, Ahng no 1 n3i i (7)J &ng '(i cng thc tkng l!Kt CnH2nO chf c) 2 ch t ,a!: AJ ., q AJ chf td metan CJ chf td a?it $omic cJ q, r CJ r, 7 eJ ., 7 C%u R> 7=ong cng nghiP>, anehit $omic 12c iE! chS t=\c tiS> cJ chf td =12! mety+ic eJ td metan howc =12! mety+ic

C%u 1S: H2> ch t . c) cng thc C/H*O tKc FWng '(i n1(c @=om '6 tham gia >hjn ng t=Kng g1ngJ Cng thc c ! t"o c#a . +6 AJ CH2=CH-CH2OH CJ CH2=CH-O-CH/ cJ CH/CH2CH=O eJ CH/-CO-CH/

C%u 11: H2> ch t ha! c . Ahi !n nhx '(i F!ng FDch AgOO/uOH/ (F1) th! 12c ,jn >hyn q, q tKc FWng '(i F!ng FDch HC+ howc F!ng FDch OaOH E! cho 2 AhB ' c A, cJ Cng thc >hTn tU c#a . +6 AJ HCHO cJ HCOOH CJ HCOOOHG eJ HCOOCH/

Copyright V Ngc Bnh, Dy v hc Ho hc

B. CTC UDNG BI TE6 THVWNG GX6 U!" 1> 6$7! 8!" Yt ,$(/ C%u 10: z3t chKy mQt h{n h2> cKc |ng }ng c#a anehit ta th! 12c ,3 mo+ CO2 = ,3 mo+ H2O th~ ) +6 Fy |ng }ng AJ anehit no, n chc CJ anehit no, hai chc cJ anehit '5ng no CJ anehit Ahng no, n chc

C%u 1?: z3t chKy ho6n to6n mQt h2> ch t ha! c ., th! 12c 0,/-1 gam H 2O '6 0,G/*Y +Bt CO2 (L Atc)J ciSt . c) >hjn ng '(i C!(OH)2 t=ong mi t=19ng AiEm !n n)ngJ Ch t . +6 AJ O=CH-CH=O CJ CH/COCH/ cJ CH2=CH-CH2-OH eJ C2H-CHO

C%u 1M: z3t chKy ho6n to6n 0,1 mo+ h{n h2> hai anehit ., q ( . R q) +6 |ng }ng AS tiS> th! 12c /,/* +Bt CO2 (Atc) '6 2,X gam H2OJ `3 mo+ ., q +on +12t +6 AJ 0,0G '6 0,0* CJ 0,0- '6 0,0cJ 0,0G- '6 0,0-eJ 0,0-- '6 0,0G-

C%u 1N: Chia h{n h2> g|m hai anehit no, n chc th6nh hai >hon @gng nha!J - <hon 1: z3t chKy ho6n to6n th! 12c 0,-G gam H2O - <hon 2: CQng H2 t"o =a h{n h2> . (H = 100H) OS! 3t chKy ho6n to6n . th~ thM tBch AhB CO2 (Atc) t"o =a +6 AJ 1,/GG +Bt cJ 0,*X2 +Bt CJ 1,00Y +Bt eJ 1,*Y0 +Bt C%u 1O: Cho h{n h2> AhB . g|m HCHO '6 H2 i l!a 3ng , \ng @Qt Oi n!ng n)ngJ `a! Ahi >hjn ng ?jy =a ho6n to6n, th! 12c h{n h2> AhB q g|m hai ch t ha! cJ z3t chKy hSt q th~ th! 12c 11,X gam H2O '6 X,YG +Bt AhB CO2 (Atc)J <hon t=nm theo thM tBch c#a H2 t=ong . +6 AJ G*,1-H cJ /-,00H CJ -/,Y-H eJ *-,00H

Copyright V Ngc Bnh, Dy v hc Ho hc

C%u 1P: z3t chKy ho6n to6n m gam h{n h2> hai anehit no, n chc, m"ch hL th! 12c 0,G mo+ CO2J wt AhKc, hi=o h)a ho6n to6n m gam . con 0,2 mo+ H2 (Oi, t0), ,a! >hjn ng th! 12c h{n h2> hai anco+ no, n chcJ z3t chKy ho6n to6n h{n h2> hai anco+ n6y th~ ,3 mo+ H2O th! 12c +6 AJ 0,/ mo+ cJ 0,G mo+ CJ 0,* mo+ eJ 0,Y mo+ C%u 1Q: z3t chKy ho6n to6n 1,2 gam h{n h2> . g|m hai anehit |ng }ng +i8n tiS> th! 12c 1X,2 +Bt CO2 (Atc) '6 1G,G gam H2OJ OS! + y ,* gam h{n h2> t=8n cho >hjn ng cQng H2 ho6n th! 12c h{n h2> q g|m hai ch t m(iJ z3t chKy ho6n to6n q th! 12c V +Bt CO2 (Atc) '6 m gam H2OJ Cng thc >hTn tU c#a hai anehit +6 AJ HCHO '6 CH/CHO CJ C2H-CHO '6 C/HXCHO cJ CH/CHO '6 C2H-CHO eJ OHC-CHO '6 OHC-CH2-CHO

C%u 1R: z3t chKy ho6n to6n 1,2 gam h{n h2> . g|m hai anehit |ng }ng +i8n tiS> th! 12c 1X,2 +Bt CO2 (Atc) '6 1G,G gam H2OJ OS! + y ,* gam h{n h2> t=8n cho >hjn ng cQng H2 ho6n th! 12c h{n h2> q g|m hai ch t m(iJ z3t chKy ho6n to6n q th! 12c V +Bt CO2 (Atc) '6 m gam H2OJ iK t=D c#a m '6 V +on +12t +6 AJ X,2 gam '6 GG,Y +Bt CJ 11,X gam '6 Y,* +Bt cJ X,2 gam '6 Y,* +Bt eJ 1G,G gam '6 1X,2 +Bt

U!" 0> 6$7! 8!" o)+ $4' J$K!" $oZ! toZ! C%u 0S: y 0,G gam h{n h2> hai anehit n chc, no AS tiS> nha! t=ong Fy |ng }ng cho tKc FWng hSt '(i F!ng FDch AgOO/uOH/ th! 12c /,2G gam AgJ Cng thc >hTn tU hai anehit +on +12t +6 AJ CH/CHO '6 HCHO cJ C2H-CHO '6 C/HXCHO cJ CH/CHO '6 C2H-CHO eJ C/HXCHO '6 CGHCHO

Copyright V Ngc Bnh, Dy v hc Ho hc

C%u 01 : Cho 1/,* gam mQt ch t ha! c . (C, H, O) tKc FWng 'da # '(i /00 m+ F!ng FDch AgOO/ 2 t=ong OH/ th! 12c G/,2 gam AgJ ciSt t Ah3i hi c#a . 3i '(i o?i @gng 2,12-J . c) cng thc c ! t"o +6: AJ CH/%CH2%CHO CJ HCZC%CH2%CHO cJ CH2=CH%CH2%CHO eJ HCZC%CHO

C%u 00: Cho 1,XG gam mQt anehit no, n chc >hjn ng ho6n to6n '(i AgOO/uOH/ ,inh =a *,GY gam AgJ Cng thc c ! t"o c#a anehit +6: AJ CH/CHO CJ CH/CH2CHO cJ CH/CH2CH2CHO eJ (CH/)2CH-CHCHO

C%u 0?: Cho 0,2 gam h{n h2> g|m a?ety+en '6 anehit a?etic >hjn ng ho6n to6n '(i F!ng FDch AgOO/uOH/ th! 12c -,*G gam h{n h2> =nJ 7h6nh >hon H cKc ch t t=ong h{n h2> o! +on +12t +6: AJ 2*,2YH '6 XG,X1H CJ 2Y,2*H '6 X1,XGH cJ 2Y,XGH '6 X1,2*H eJ 2Y,X1H '6 XG,2*H

C%u 0M: Cho 2Y0 cm/ (Atc) h{n h2> A g|m a?ety+en '6 etan +Qi td td l!a F!ng FDch Hg`OG L Y00CJ 7o6n @Q AhB '6 hi =a AhNi F!ng FDch 12c cho >hjn ng '(i F!ng FDch AgOO/ (F1)uOH/ th! 12c 1,0Y gam AgJ 7h6nh >hon H thM tBch cKc ch t t=ong A +on +12t +6: AJ -0H '6 -0H CJ /0H '6 X0H cJ *0H '6 G0H eJ G0H '6 *0H

C%u 0N: Cho F!ng FDch cha 0,-Y gam ch t ha! c n chc . (chf g|m cKc ng!y8n t3 C, H, O) tKc FWng '(i F!ng FDch AgOO/ F1uOH/ th! 12c 2,1* gam Ag ASt t#aJ Cng thc c ! t"o th! gIn c#a . +6: AJ HCHO CJ CH/CH2CHO cJ CH/CHO eJ CH2=CH-CHO

Copyright V Ngc Bnh, Dy v hc Ho hc

C%u 0O: en hi c#a /,0 gam etano+ i '6o t=ong 3ng , n!ng n)ng cha @Qt C!O (F1)J 6m +"nh M ng1ng tW ,jn >hym hi i =a AhNi 3ng ,, 12c ch t +Nng .J mhi . >hjn ng ho6n to6n '(i AgOO/t=ong F!ng FDch OH/ F1 th y c) Y,1 gam Ag ASt t#aJ HiP! ,! t l!K t=~nh o?i h)a etano+ @gng AJ --,XH cJ *0H CJ -X,-H eJ X-H C%u 0P: O?i h)a ho6n to6n 2,2 gam mQt anehit n chc . th! 12c /,0 gam a?it t1ng ngJ Cng thc c ! t"o c#a . +6 AJ CH/CHO CJ CH/CH(CH/)CHO cJC2H-CHO eJ CH/CH2CH2CHO (4*5ch 446 7! cc t*+8ng /i h9c: Ca! ;ng 0h<i =: $>>?, C%u 0Q: mhi cho h{n h2> g|m 0,01 mo+ HCOOH '6 0,02 mo+ HCHO tKc FWng hSt '(i F!ng FDch AgOO/ t=ong OH/ th~ Ah3i +12ng Ag th! 12c +6 AJ 10,Y gam cJ 1*,2 gam CJ 21,* gam eJ 2X,0 gam C%u 0R: cho h{n h2> g|m 0,1 mo+ HCHO '6 0,1 mo+ HCOOH tKc FWng '(i +12ng F1 Ag2O (howc AgOO/) t=ong F!ng FDch OH/, !n n)ngJ `a! Ahi cKc >hjn ng ?jy =a ho6n to6n, Ah3i +12ng Ag t"o th6nh +6 AJ G/,2 gam cJ *G,Y gam CJ 10,Y gam eJ 21,* gam (4*5ch 446 7! cc t*+8ng Ca! ;ng: $>>@, C%u ?S: Cho 0,1 mo+ h{n h2> . g|m hai anehit n chc AS tiS> nha! t=ong Fy |ng }ng tKc FWng '(i +12ng F1 F!ng FDch AgOO/ t=ong OH/, !n n)ng th! 12c /2,G gam AgJ Hai anehit t=ong . +6 AJ HCHO '6 C2H-CHO CJ C2H/CHO '6 C/H-Cho cJ HCHO '6 CH/CHO eJ CH/CHO '6 C2H-CHO

Copyright V Ngc Bnh, Dy v hc Ho hc

C%u ?1: Cho *,* gam mQt anehit . n chc, m"ch hL >hjn ng '(i +12ng F1 AgOO/ t=ong F!ng FDch OH/, !n n)ngJ 12ng Ag ,inh =a cho >hjn ng '(i a?it HOO/ +ong, thoKt =a 2,2G +Bt AhB OO (,jn >hym AhU F!y nh t o L Atc)J Cng thc c ! t"o th! gIn c#a . +6 AJ CH/CHO CJ HCHO cJ CH/CH2CHO eJ CH2=CHCHO (4*5ch 446 7! cc t*+8ng /i h9c: Ca! ;ng 0h<i A: $>>?, C%u ?0: Cho /,* gam anehit n chc . >hjn ng ho6n to6n '(i mQt +12ng F1 AgOO/ t=ong F!ng FDch OH/ !n n)ng, th! 12c m gam AgJ H5a tan ho6n to6n m gam Ag @gng F!ng FDch HOO/ wc, ,inh =a 2,2G +Bt OO2 (,jn >hym AhU F!y nh t L Atc)J Cng thc c#a . +6 AJ C/HXCHO cJ CGHCHO CJ HCHO eJ C2H-CHO (4*5ch 446 7! cc t*+8ng /i h9c: Ca! ;ng 0h<i A: $>>@, C%u ??: Ch!yMn h)a ho6n t5a G,* gam h{n h2> cha cCng ,3 mo+ 2 anAano+ @_c nh t th6nh anAana+ con FCng 0,1 mo+ C!OJ Cho to6n @Q anAana+ th! 12c cho >hjn ng t=Kng g1ng th! 12c 0,/ mo+ AgJ Hai anAano+ ) +6 AJ CH/OH '6 C/HXOH CJ C2H-OH '6 CGHOH cJ CH/OH '6 C2H-OH eJ C2H-OH '6 C/HXOH

C%u ?M: Qt h{n h2> g|m hai anehit . '6 q AS tiS> nha! t=ong Fy |ng }ng c#a anehit no, n chc, m"ch hL (AhKc HCHO)J Cho 1,02 gam h{n h2> t=8n >hjn ng '(i F!ng FDch AgOO/uOH/ F1 th! 12c G,/2 gam Ag Aim +o"i (hiP! ,! t 100H)J Cng thc c ! t"o c#a . '6 q +on +12t +6 AJ HCHO '6 CH/CHO CJ C2H-CHO '6 C/HXCHO cJ C/HXCHO '6 CGHCHO eJCH/CHO '6 C2H-CHO

Copyright V Ngc Bnh, Dy v hc Ho hc

C%u ?N: Cho m gam h{n h2> etana+ '6 >=o>ana+ >hjn ng ho6n to6n '(i +12ng F1 F!ng FDch AgOO/ t=ong OH/, th! 12c G/,2 gam ASt t#a '6 F!ng FDch cha 1X,gam m!3i amoni c#a hai a?it ha! cJ iK t=D c#a m +6: AJ 10, cJ 1G,/ CJ 10,2 eJ ,(4*5ch 446 7! cc t*+8ng /i h9c 0h<i A: $>A>, C%u ?O: Cho 0,1 mo+ h{n h2> . g|m hai anehit n chc AS tiS> nha! t=ong Fy |ng }ng tKc FWng '(i +12ng F1 F!ng FDch AgOO/uOH/, !n n)ng th! 12c /2,G gam AgJ Hai anehit t=ong . +6 AJ CH2=CHCHO cJ HCHO CJ OHC-CHO eJ CH/CHO (4*5ch 446 7! cc t*+8ng ca! ;ng: $>>?, C%u ?P: 7=Qn /,/* gam anehit n chc . '(i mQt anehit n chc q (. s q) =|i th8m n1(c '6o M 12c 0,1 +Bt F!ng FDch r '(i tkng n|ng Q cKc anehit +6 0,Y J 7h8m td td F!ng FDch AgOO/uOH/ F1 '6o F!ng FDch r =|i tiSn h6nh !n n)ng Sn >hjn ng ho6n to6n th! 12c 21,* gam AgJ Cng thc c ! t"o c#a . '6 q +on +12t +6 AJ CH/CHO '6 HCHO CJ C2H/CHO '6 HCHO cJ C2H-CHO '6 HCHO eJ CH/CHO '6 C2H-CHO U!" ?> 6$7! 8!" ,9!" C%u ?Q: Anehit m"ch hL, cQng h2> '(i H2 theo t +P 1 : 2 (+12ng H2 t3i a) t"o =a ch t qJ Cho q tKc FWng hSt '(i Oa th! 12c thM tBch H2 @gng thM tBch . >hjn ng t"o =a q (L cCng t0, <)J . th!Qc +o"i ch t: AJ Anehit no, n chc cJ Anehit Ahng no (cha mQt n3i i C=C), n chc CJ Anehit no, hai chc eJ Anehit Ahng no (cha mQt n3i i C=C), hai chc

Copyright V Ngc Bnh, Dy v hc Ho hc

C%u ?R: en h{n h2> g|m H2 '6 /,2 +Bt (Atc) hi anehit a?etic l!a 3ng cha Oi n!ng n)ngJ H{n h2> cKc ch t ,a! >hjn ng 12c +6m +"nh '6 cho tKc FWng ho6n to6n '(i Oa th y thoKt =a 1,YG +Bt AhB (2X0C '6 1atm)J HiP! ,! t >hjn ng AhU anehit +6 AJ *0,//H cJ YG,22H CJ Y2,GGH eJ X-,0GH C%u MS: Cho h{n h2> . g|m hai anehit |ng }ng +i8n tiS> cQng hi=o th! 12c h{n h2> hai anco+ n chcJ z3t chKy ho6n to6n h{n h2> hai anco+ n6y th! 12c *,* gam CO2 '6 G,- gam H2OJ Cng thc >hTn tU c#a hai anehit +6 AJ HCHO, CH/CHO CJ C2H-CHO, C/HXCHO cJ CH/CHO, C2H-CHO eJ C/HXCHO, CGHCHO

C%u M1: H{n h2> . g|m 0,1 mo+ >=o>ena+ (CH2=CH-CHO) '6 0,/ mo+ H2J Cho h{n h2> . l!a 3ng , n!ng n)ng (Oi ?hc tKc) th! 12c h{n h2> q g|m @3n ch t ) +6 >=o>ena+, >=o>anan+, >=o>an-1-o+ '6 hi=oJ 7 Ah3i hi c#a h{n h2> q ,o '(i metan +6 1,--J `3 mo+ H2 t=ong h{n h2> q +6 AJ 0,0cJ 0,10 CJ 0,1eJ 0,20 C%u M0: Hi=o h)a ho6n to6n /,* gam anehit no, n chc, m"ch hL . th! 12c /,X gam anco+ (H = 100H)J . +6 AJ metana+ cJ etana+ CJ >=o>ana+ eJ @!tana+

Copyright V Ngc Bnh, Dy v hc Ho hc