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Copyright 2008 All Rights Reserved
Version 4.80.00
October 2008
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Table of Contents
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. ADVANCED SUBSTATION GROUNDING GRID DESIGN CAPABILITIES, FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS ......................................................................................................................................................1 FOREWORD ......................................................................................................................................................2 INTRODUCTION, SUBSTATION GROUNDING...........................................................................................2 SAFETY IN GROUNDING ...............................................................................................................................2 GROUNDING OF AC SUBSTATIONS............................................................................................................3 DESIGN PARAMETERS ..................................................................................................................................3 GROUNDING SYSTEM ANALYSIS ...............................................................................................................3 THEORY AND COMPUTATIONAL PROCEDURES; GENERAL CONCEPT.............................................4 GROUND POTENTIAL RISE (GPR), STEP, TOUCH, MESH........................................................................4 COMPUTATION OF BODY CURRENT..........................................................................................................5 USE OF CRUSHED ROCK LAYER ( rs ).......................................................................................................5 RESISTANCE OF THE HUMAN BODY ........................................................................................................6 BASIC SHOCK SITUATIONS; RECTANGULAR GRID ..............................................................................6 RESISTANCE OF THE GROUND BENEATH THE TWO FEET..................................................................7 COMPUTATION OF ALLOWABLE STEP AND TOUCH POTENTIALS ...................................................7 DETERMINATION OF MAXIMUM GRID CURRENT ................................................................................8 SOIL MODEL ...................................................................................................................................................8 SUMMARY OF THE PROGRAM CAPABILITIES .....................................................................................11 INPUT DATA .................................................................................................................................................11 MENUS OF SUBSTATION GROUNDING GRID DESIGN PROGRAM....................................................12 HOW TO SETUP A STUDY CASE ...............................................................................................................15 EXAMPLE OF SUBSTATION GROUNDING GRID ASSEMBLY HAVING SLANTED RODS .............29 TUTORIAL EXAMPLE .................................................................................................................................33 A FEW IMPORTANT NOTES.......................................................................................................................53 SUPPLIED EXAMPLES WITH THE SUBSTATION GROUNDING GRID DESIGN PROGRAM ...........56 SOIL MODEL IN EDSAs ADVANCED GROUNDING GRID DESIGN PROGRAM...............................57 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................58
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List Of Tables
Table 1: Sample Soil Resistivity Measurements Using Wenner Method ...................................... 10 Table 2: List of Supplied Examples (Jobfiles) .............................................................................. 56
List Of Figures
Figure 1: Basic Shock Situations..................................................................................................... 6 Figure 2: Example of a Rectangular Grid ...................................................................................... 6 Figure 3: Wenner Soil Resistivity Test Method.......................................................................... 9 Figure 4: Starting Substation Grounding Program from EDSA Technical 2005 Main Menu..... 15 Figure 5: Main Menu of The Substation Grounding Program..................................................... 15 Figure 6: Opening A New Job file ................................................................................................ 16 Figure 7: General Data Dialog of Substation Grounding............................................................ 16 Figure 8: General Substation Data Dialog .................................................................................. 17 Figure 9: Soil Resistivity Model Data Dialog .............................................................................. 18 Figure 10: Defining the Substation Grid Land Size ..................................................................... 19 Figure 11: Regular Ground Grid Data Dialog ............................................................................ 19 Figure 12: Entering Regular Grid Data....................................................................................... 20 Figure 13: Ground Grid Rod Data Dialog................................................................................... 20 Figure 14: Viewing Substation Ground Grid Layout ................................................................... 21 Figure 15: Selection EquiPotential Calculation Option Icon ...................................................... 24 Figure 16: Defining Area for EquiPotential Calculation (setting the start point) ....................... 25 Figure 17: Defining Area for EquiPotential Calculation (setting the end point)......................... 25 Figure 18: Data Dialog for Defining Area for EquiPotential Calculation .................................. 26 Figure 19: Calculated EquiPotential Lines Plot .......................................................................... 26 Figure 20: Copying EquiPotential Plots to the Clipboard........................................................... 27 Figure 21: Printing Text Result Report for EquiPotential Calculation ....................................... 27 Figure 22: Sample Text Report..................................................................................................... 29 Figure 23: Sample Jobfile using Grounding Grid Assembly Having Slanted Rod....................... 29 Figure 24: Icons for Defining Multiple Slanted Rods and/or Single Slanted Rod ....................... 29 Figure 25: Data Dialog for Defining Single Slanted Rod ............................................................ 30 Figure 26: Data Dialog for Defining Multiple Slanted Rods ....................................................... 31 Figure 27: Multiple Slanted Rods Added...................................................................................... 31 Figure 28: EquiPotential Lines Plot for Sample Jobfile With Slanted Rods................................ 32 Figure 29: Substation Layout of a L-Shaped Grid with Ground Rods, IEEE80-2000 ................. 33 Figure 30: Opening a New Job File, IEEE80-2000 -- example b-4............................................. 34 Figure 31: General Data Dialog, IEEE80-2000 example-b4 .................................................... 34 Figure 32: General Substation Data Dialog, IEEE80-2000-example-b4 .................................... 35 Figure 33: Soil Resistivity Data Dialog, IEEE80-2000-example-b4............................................ 35 Figure 34: Defining the substation Grid Land Size, IEEE80-2000-example-b4.......................... 36 Figure 35: Entering Ground Grid Data Step 1, IEEE80-2000-example-b4 ............................. 36 Figure 36: Entering Regular Grid Data Screen 1, IEEE80-2000-example-b4 ......................... 37 Figure 37: Entering Rectangular Grid Screen 2, IEEE80-2000-example-b4 ............................ 38 Figure 38: Entering Rectangular Ground Grid Data Screen 3, IEEE80-2000-example-b4..... 38
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Figure 39: Entering Rectangular Ground Grid Data Screen 4, IEEE80-2000-example-b4..... 39 Figure 40: Entering Rectangular Ground Grid Data Screen 5, IEEE80-2000-example-b4...... 39 Figure 41: Adding Multiple Ground Rods- Screen 1.................................................................... 40 Figure 42: Adding Multiple Ground Rods- Screen 2.................................................................... 40 Figure 43: Adding Multiple Ground Rods- Screen 3.................................................................... 41 Figure 44: Adding Multiple Ground Rods- Screen 4.................................................................... 41 Figure 45: Adding Multiple Ground Rods- Screen 5.................................................................... 42 Figure 46: Adding Multiple Ground Rods- Screen 6.................................................................... 42 Figure 47: Adding Multiple Ground Rods- Screen 7.................................................................... 43 Figure 48: Adding Multiple Ground Rods-Screen 8..................................................................... 43 Figure 49: Adding Multiple Ground Rods - Screen 9................................................................... 44 Figure 50: Adding Multiple Ground Rods - Screen 10................................................................. 44 Figure 51: Adding Multiple Ground Rods - Screen 11................................................................. 45 Figure 52: Adding Multiple Ground Rods - Screen 12................................................................. 45 Figure 53: Adding Multiple Ground Rods - Screen 13................................................................. 46 Figure 54: Adding Multiple Ground Rods - Screen 14................................................................. 46 Figure 55: Adding Multiple Ground Rods - Screen 15................................................................. 47 Figure 56: Plotting 3-D Potential and Equipotential Couture lines Screen 1 .......................... 47 Figure 57: Plotting 3-D Potential and Equipotential Couture lines Screen 2 .......................... 48 Figure 58: Touch Potential and Equipotential lines .................................................................... 48 Figure 59: Touch Potential and 3D Graph .................................................................................. 49 Figure 60: Allowable Touch and Step Voltages ........................................................................... 49 Figure 61: Calculate Allowable Touch and Step Voltages........................................................... 50 Figure 62: Potential Along the Axis Calculation Icon .............................................................. 50 Figure 63: Potential Along the Axis Calculation Mouse Shape ................................................ 51 Figure 64: Potential Along the Axis Calculation Define an Axis.............................................. 51 Figure 65: Potential Along the Axis Calculation Define an Axis Continuation........................ 52 Figure 66: Potential Along the Axis Calculation Step Potential Plot ....................................... 52 Figure 67: Multiple grounding systems........................................................................................ 54 Figure 68: Report for Multiple Grounding................................................................................... 55
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