MEMRISTOR

The Next Revolution In Technology

UNDER GUIDANCE OF PROF.MR.DODABHANGI S.B. PRESENTED BY DESAI MAHADEV V. (ROLLNO.37)

OVERVIEW
WHAT IS MEMRISTOR HISTORY OF MEMRISTOR EXISTING TECHNOLOGY WORKING OF MEMRISTOR PROPERTY OF MEMRISTOR BENEFITS OF MEMRISTOR FUTURE ADVANTAGE OF MEMERISTOR MAJOR CHALLENGES CONCLUSION REFERENCES

What is memristor ?

MEMRISTOR
Memristor
Memory

Resistor

Memristor

Definition of Memristor
Memristor can be defined as a two terminal device which shows the relation between magnetic flux and charge
MEMRISTOR SYMBOL

 A Memristor is a semiconductor whose resistance varies as a function of flux and charge. This allows it to remember what has passed through the circuit.

Characterized by Memristance

 Memristance is simply charge-dependent resistance. V(t) = M(q(t))*I(t) Unit - ohm () Symbol

The term Memristor was first proposed by Leon Chua in 1971when he was a rising professor at The University of California Berkeley

LEON.O.CHUA

Three Fundamental Circuit Elements

Resistor

Capacitor

Resistor Georg Ohm 1827

v R i
Inductor

q C v
Capacitor von Kleist 1745

Li
Inductor Michael Faraday 1831

The Missing Circuit Element

Voltage (V)

Resistors v=Ri
v=d/dt
i=dq/dt

Current (i)

Capacitors q=Cv

= Li Inductors

Charge (q)

? ?

Flux ()

Memristor 1971
Resistors v=Ri
v=d/dt i=dq/dt = Li Inductors
Current (i)

Voltage (V)

Capacitors q=Cv
=Mq

Charge (q)

Memristors

Flux ()

WORKING
2 nm

(-)ve

PT

TiOv(2-x)

PT

TiO2
3 nm Reduced Oxidized

(+)ve

Applied voltage makes the oxygen vacancies (+ve) to shift towards the ve voltage

The HP device is composed of a thin (50 nm) titanium dioxide film between two 5 nm thick electrodes, one Ti, the other Pt. Initially, there are two layers to the titanium dioxide film, one of which has a slight depletion of oxygen atoms.
The oxygen vacancies act as charge carriers, meaning that the depleted layer has a much lower resistance than the nondepleted layer. When an electric field is applied, the oxygen vacancies drift ,changing the boundary between the high-resistance and lowresistance layers.

Thus the resistance of the film as a whole is dependent on how much charge has been passed through it in a particular direction, which is reversible by changing the direction of current. Since the HP device displays fast ion conduction at nanoscale, it is considered as a nanoionic device.

Analogy Of Memristor
The diameter of
pipe remains same when the current is switched off, until it is switched on again.

The pipe, when the

current is switched on again, remembers what current has flowed through it.
A RESISTOR WITH MEMORY BEHAVES LIKE A PIPE

What Sets Memristor Apart ??

Conventional devices use only 0 and 1; Memristor can use anything between 0 and 1.

Faster than Flash memory. Allow digital cameras to take pictures with no delay in between.
Innovating nanotechnology due to the fact that it performs better the smaller it becomes.

Property Of Memristor
Retain its resistance level even after power had been shut down. Remember (or recall) the last resistance it had, before being shut off. By changing the speed and strength of the current, it is possible to change the behavior of the device. A fast and hard current causes it to act as a digital device. A soft and slow current causes it to act as an analog device.

Is it analog or digital?
Amazingly, its both.

Benefits Of Memristor Technology

Would allow for a quicker boot up since information is not lost when the device is turned off. Uses less energy and produces less heat. Eliminates the need to write computer programs that replicate small parts of the brain. Creating a Computer that never has to boot up. Does not lose information when turned off. Density allows for more information to be stored. Has the capacity to remember the charge that flows through it at a given point in time.

Future Technological Significance

Pattern recognition and learning.

Crossbar latches to replace transistors.

New forms signal processing and control systems. Memristors can be used to do digital logic using implication instead of NAND.

Could lead to replacement of the transistor

 No more hard drive and RAM Just Memristors Very high storage and speeds.

Nonvolatile memories

Booting free computers

ADVANTAGES

Provides greater resiliency and reliability when power is interrupted in data centers. Density allows for more information to be stored.

Power Consumption As non-volatile memory, memristor do consume power when idle.

not

MAJOR CHALLNGES
The memristor major challenges are its relatively low speeds No design standards (rules) Needs more defect engineering Dissipates heat when written to or read

Conclusion
It is sure that Memristor is going to revolutionaries the 21st century as radically as the transistor in the 20th century But Memristor will have to wait a few years for a killer app like transistor which had to wait almost a decade after its invention for the killer app in the form of hearing aids

Finally as Leon O Chua mentioned

Its time to rewrite all the EE textbooks

References
How We Found the Missing Memristor by Stanley Williams, IEEE Spectrum December 2008. L.O, Chua, Memristor-missing circuit clement, IEEE Tans . Circuit Theory, Vol. 18, 1971, pp. 507-519. Memristor and Memristive Systems Symposium, University of California, Berkeley, November 21,2008. Stateful Implication Logic with Memristors by Eero Lehtonen, Mika Laiho 2009 IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Nanoscale Architectures

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